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'''''Callitris verrucosa''''', also known as the '''mallee pine''', is a species of [[conifer]] in the family [[Cupressaceae]]. It is found only in [[Australia]].
'''''Callitris verrucosa''''', also known as the '''mallee pine''', is a species of [[conifer]] in the family [[Cupressaceae]]. It is found only in [[Australia]].
The plant has a green/grey colour, rigid branches and can reach a height of {{convert|8|m}}. It has a slow grow rate.
The plant has a green-grey colour, rigid branches and can reach a height of {{convert|8|m}}. It has a slow growth rate.


==Description==
==Description==
''Callitris verrucosa'' is a small tree or shrub which can reach the height of {{convert|8|m}}. The mallee pine is typically multi-stemmed with erect branches.
''Callitris verrucosa'' is a small tree or shrub which can reach the height of {{convert|8|m|abbr=on}}. The mallee pine is typically multi-stemmed with erect branches.


The plants leaves are 2-4mm, with a conical/rounded surface, and green/grey coloured. The shrub produces cones which are around 3mm long and in singular clusters for males, and approximately 20mm long for females, and occur in a bunch.
The leaves are 2-4 mm long with a conical-rounded surface and green-grey coloured. The shrub produces cones which are 3 mm long in singular clusters for males, and approximately 20 mm long occurring in a bunch, for the female cones.


The mallee pine is an obligate seeder, and its seeds display [[serotiny]]. The species can be negatively affected by intense fires, however it also requires fire to germinate seeds, making it a unique species.<ref>{{cite web |author1=State Herbarium of South Australia |title=Callitris verrucosa |url=http://www.flora.sa.gov.au/cgi-bin/speciesfacts_display.cgi?genus=Callitris&species=verrucosa |website=Electronic Flora of South Australia |publisher=Government of South Australia |access-date=21 October 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Bradstock |first1=R. A. |last2=Cohn |first2=J. S. |title=Demographic characteristics of mallee pine (Callitris verrucosa) in fire-prone mallee communities of central New South Wales |journal=Australian Journal of Botany |date=2002 |volume=50 |issue=5 |page=653 |doi=10.1071/BT02019 }}</ref>
The mallee pine is an obligate seeder, and its seeds display [[serotiny]]. The species can be negatively affected by intense fires. However, it also requires fire to germinate seeds, making it a unique species.<ref>{{cite web |author1=State Herbarium of South Australia |title=Callitris verrucosa |url=http://www.flora.sa.gov.au/cgi-bin/speciesfacts_display.cgi?genus=Callitris&species=verrucosa |website=Electronic Flora of South Australia |publisher=Government of South Australia |access-date=21 October 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Bradstock |first1=R. A. |last2=Cohn |first2=J. S. |title=Demographic characteristics of mallee pine (Callitris verrucosa) in fire-prone mallee communities of central New South Wales |journal=Australian Journal of Botany |date=2002 |volume=50 |issue=5 |page=653 |doi=10.1071/BT02019 }}</ref>


===Other names===
===Other names===
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==Range and habitat==
==Range and habitat==


The mallee pine is endemic to [[Mallee Woodlands and Shrublands]] around southern Australia. It can be found in New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia and Western Australia.
The mallee pine is endemic to [[Mallee Woodlands and Shrublands]] in southern Australia. It can be found in New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia and Western Australia.
It prefers well-drained soils, and full sun. The conifer grows best in sandy-soils, and can commonly be found on sand dunes within its habitat.
It prefers well-drained soils, and full sun. The conifer grows best in sandy soils, and can commonly be found on sand dunes within its habitat.


==Uses==
==Uses==
Line 35: Line 35:


==Conservation==
==Conservation==
The species is categorised as 'least concern' on the IUCN Redlist.<ref>https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/42209/2961814 {{bare URL inline|date=April 2023}}</ref>
The species is categorised as "least concern" on the IUCN Redlist.<ref name="iucn status 16 November 2021"></ref>


==References==
==References==
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[[Category:Flora of South Australia]]
[[Category:Flora of South Australia]]
[[Category:Flora of New South Wales]]
[[Category:Flora of New South Wales]]
[[Category:Flora of Victoria (Australia)]]
[[Category:Flora of Victoria (state)]]
[[Category:Trees of mild maritime climate]]
[[Category:Trees of mild maritime climate]]
[[Category:Trees of Mediterranean climate]]
[[Category:Trees of Mediterranean climate]]
[[Category:Drought-tolerant trees]]
[[Category:Drought-tolerant trees]]
[[Category:Taxonomy articles created by Polbot]]
[[Category:Taxonomy articles created by Polbot]]


{{Australia-plant-stub}}
{{conifer-stub}}

Latest revision as of 03:02, 26 June 2024

Callitris verrucosa
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Gymnospermae
Division: Pinophyta
Class: Pinopsida
Order: Cupressales
Family: Cupressaceae
Genus: Callitris
Species:
C. verrucosa
Binomial name
Callitris verrucosa

Callitris verrucosa, also known as the mallee pine, is a species of conifer in the family Cupressaceae. It is found only in Australia. The plant has a green-grey colour, rigid branches and can reach a height of 8 metres (26 ft). It has a slow growth rate.

Description

[edit]

Callitris verrucosa is a small tree or shrub which can reach the height of 8 m (26 ft). The mallee pine is typically multi-stemmed with erect branches.

The leaves are 2-4 mm long with a conical-rounded surface and green-grey coloured. The shrub produces cones which are 3 mm long in singular clusters for males, and approximately 20 mm long occurring in a bunch, for the female cones.

The mallee pine is an obligate seeder, and its seeds display serotiny. The species can be negatively affected by intense fires. However, it also requires fire to germinate seeds, making it a unique species.[2][3]

Other names

[edit]

Other names for the mallee pine include camphor wood and scrub cypress pine.

Range and habitat

[edit]

The mallee pine is endemic to Mallee Woodlands and Shrublands in southern Australia. It can be found in New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia and Western Australia. It prefers well-drained soils, and full sun. The conifer grows best in sandy soils, and can commonly be found on sand dunes within its habitat.

Uses

[edit]

The resin from various Callitris species were used by Aboriginal Australians as an adhesive for tools and weaponry. Long, straight branches were also fashioned into fishing spears.[4]

The wood from the mallee pine is durable and insect resistant, and can be used for fencing.[5]

Conservation

[edit]

The species is categorised as "least concern" on the IUCN Redlist.[1]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Thomas, P. (2013). "Callitris verrucosa". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2013: e.T42209A2961814. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T42209A2961814.en. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
  2. ^ State Herbarium of South Australia. "Callitris verrucosa". Electronic Flora of South Australia. Government of South Australia. Retrieved 21 October 2022.
  3. ^ Bradstock, R. A.; Cohn, J. S. (2002). "Demographic characteristics of mallee pine (Callitris verrucosa) in fire-prone mallee communities of central New South Wales". Australian Journal of Botany. 50 (5): 653. doi:10.1071/BT02019.
  4. ^ "Aboriginal Plant Use in SE Australia - Callitris". Information About Australias Flora. Australian National Botanic Gardens and Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research. 2015. Retrieved 23 October 2022.
  5. ^ Fern, K. "Callitris verrucosa". Useful Temperate Plants. Temperate Plants Database. Retrieved 23 October 2022.
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