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{{Short description|1st President of Suriname}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2022}}
{{Infobox Politician
{{Infobox Politician
| name = Johan Ferrier
| name = Johan Ferrier
| image = Johan Ferrier 1975.jpg
| image = File:Ferrier in Suriname 1975 (cropped).jpg
| imagesize =
| imagesize =
| caption = Johan Ferrier in 1975
| caption = Ferrier in 1975
| order = [[President of Suriname|1st]]
| order = [[President of Suriname|1st]]
| office = President of Suriname
| office = President of Suriname
| term_start = 25 November 1975
| term_start = 25 November 1975
| term_end = 13 August 1980
| term_end = 13 August 1980
| primeminister = [[Henck Arron]] <br> [[Henk Chin A Sen]]
| primeminister = {{ubl|[[Henck Arron]] | Henk Chin A Sen}}
| predecessor = ''Position established''
| predecessor = ''Position established''
| successor = Henk Chin A Sen
| successor = [[Henk Chin A Sen]]
| office1 = [[List of colonial governors of Suriname|Governor-General of Suriname]]
| office1 = [[Governor-General of Suriname]]
| term_start1 = 15 March 1968
| term_start1 = 15 March 1968
| term_end1 = 25 November 1975
| term_end1 = 25 November 1975
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| predecessor1 = [[Henry Lucien de Vries]]
| predecessor1 = [[Henry Lucien de Vries]]
| successor1 = ''Position abolished''
| successor1 = ''Position abolished''
| office2 = [[List of Prime Ministers of Suriname|Prime Minister of Suriname]]
| office2 = [[Prime Minister of Suriname]]
| term_start2 = 16 April 1955
| term_start2 = 16 April 1955
| term_end2 = 16 July 1958
| term_end2 = 16 July 1958
| governor_general2 = [[Jan Klaasesz]] <br> [[Jan van Tilburg]]
| governor_general2 = {{ubl|[[Jan Klaasesz]] | [[Jan van Tilburg]]}}
| monarch2 = Juliana
| monarch2 = Juliana
| predecessor2 = [[Archibald Currie (Surinamese politician)|Archibald Currie]]
| predecessor2 = [[Archibald Currie (Surinamese politician)|Archibald Currie]]
| successor2 = [[Severinus Desiré Emanuels]]
| successor2 = [[Severinus Desiré Emanuels]]
| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1910|05|12}}
| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1910|05|12}}
| birth_place = [[Paramaribo]], [[Suriname (Dutch colony)|Suriname]]
| birth_place = [[Paramaribo]], [[Surinam (Dutch colony)|Surinam]] (now Suriname)
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|2010|01|04|1910|05|12}}
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|2010|01|04|1910|05|12}}
| death_place = [[Oegstgeest]], [[Netherlands]]
| death_place = [[Oegstgeest]], Netherlands
| birthname = Johan Henri Eliza Ferrier
| birthname = Johan Henri Eliza Ferrier
| nationality = [[Suriname]]se
| nationality = <!-- use only when necessary per [[WP:INFONAT]] -->
| party = [[National Party of Suriname]]
| party = [[National Party of Suriname|National]]
| spouse = Eugenie Lionarons (died 1959)<br/>Edmé Ferrier-Vas (died 1997)
| spouse = {{ubl|{{marriage|Eugenie Lionarons||1959|end=d}}|{{marriage|Edmé Ferrier-Vas||1997|end=d}}}}
| children = {{hlist|[[Cynthia McLeod|Cynthia]]<ref name="cynthia">{{cite web|url=https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/1863538.Cynthia_McLeod |title=Cynthia McLeod|website=Good Reads|access-date=25 November 2021}}</ref>|[[Joan Ferrier|Joan]]<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.dbsuriname.com/2014/03/10/joan-ferrier-overleden/ |title=Joan Ferrier overleden|website=Dagblad Suriname|access-date=25 November 2021|date=10 March 2014|language=nl}}</ref>|[[Kathleen Ferrier (politician)|Kathleen]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.parlement.com/id/vg9fgoprwbx2/k_g_kathleen_ferrier |title=Drs. K.G. (Kathleen) Ferrier|website=Dutch Parliament|access-date=25 November 2021|language=nl}}</ref>}}
| residence =
| residence =
| alma_mater = [[University of Amsterdam]] <small>([[Doctor of Philosophy|PhD]])</small>
| alma_mater = [[University of Amsterdam]] ([[Doctorate|Dr.]])
| occupation = [[Politician]] <br /> [[Teacher]]
| occupation = {{hlist|Politician | teacher}}
<!-- | religion = [[Calvinism]] -->
<!-- | religion = [[Calvinism]] -->
| signature =
| signature =
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}}
}}


⚫
'''Johan Henri Eliza Ferrier''' (12 May 1910 – 4 January 2010) was a [[Suriname]]se politician who served as the 1st [[president of Suriname]] from 1975 to 1980. He was also the country's last [[Governor-General of Suriname|governor-general]] before independence, serving from 1968 to 1975, before becoming the first president upon independence from the [[Kingdom of the Netherlands]] in 1975.
⚫
[[File:Johan Ferrier (1955).jpg|thumb|Johan Ferrier (1955)]]


⚫
He was named the twentieth century's most important politician in Suriname in 1999.<ref>{{in lang|nl}} [http://frontpage.fok.nl/nieuws/365267/1/1/50/eerste-president-suriname-overleden.html Eerste president Suriname overleden]. fok.nl. 4 January 2010</ref>
⚫
'''Johan Henri Eliza Ferrier''' (12 May 1910 – 4 January 2010) was a [[Suriname]]se politician who served as the 1st [[President of Suriname]] from 25 November 1975 to 13 August 1980. He was that country's last governor before independence, from 1968 to 1975, and first president after it gained independence from the [[Netherlands]].

⚫
He was named the twentieth century's most important politician in [[Suriname]] in 1999.<ref>{{in lang|nl}} [http://frontpage.fok.nl/nieuws/365267/1/1/50/eerste-president-suriname-overleden.html Eerste president Suriname overleden]. fok.nl. 4 January 2010</ref>


==Early life==
==Early life==
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==Scouting==
==Scouting==
Ferrier was co-founder of the ''[[Boy Scouts van Suriname]]'' and its first Chief Scout. At age 16 he was a teacher in the district of Saramacca and founded his first [[Scout Group]]. This group still exists and now bears the name "''De Johan Ferrier groep, de groep 2 Oranje Dassers''".<ref>{{in lang|nl}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20110717121518/http://www.dbsuriname.com/archief/nat/2010/jan10/11-01-10/Nat_Johan%20Ferrier%2C%20eerste%20Chief%20Scout%20Suriname.asp Johan Ferrier, eerste Chief Scout Suriname]. dbsuriname.com. 11 January 2010</ref>
Ferrier was co-founder of the ''[[Boy Scouts van Suriname]]'' and its first Chief Scout. At age 16 he was a teacher in the [[Saramacca District]] and founded his first [[Scout Group]]. This group still exists and now bears the name "''De Johan Ferrier groep, de groep 2 Oranje Dassers''".<ref>{{in lang|nl}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20110717121518/http://www.dbsuriname.com/archief/nat/2010/jan10/11-01-10/Nat_Johan%20Ferrier%2C%20eerste%20Chief%20Scout%20Suriname.asp Johan Ferrier, eerste Chief Scout Suriname]. dbsuriname.com. 11 January 2010</ref>


==Politics==
==Politics==
⚫
[[File:Johan Ferrier (1955).jpg|thumb|Johan Ferrier (1955)|left]]
In 1946, Ferrier was one of the founding members of the [[National Party of Suriname]].<ref name="historiek">{{cite web|url=https://historiek.net/johan-ferrier-eerste-president-suriname/6493/|title=Johan Ferrier (1910-2010) – De eerste president van Suriname|website=Historiek|access-date=24 June 2020|language=nl}}</ref> Ferrier was a member of the National Council from 1946 until 1948.<ref name="Ex-Surinam President Ferrier dies at 99"/> He then went to [[Amsterdam]] in the Netherlands to learn [[education theory]].<ref name="Ex-Surinam President Ferrier dies at 99"/> When he went back to Suriname, which had by then become [[Suriname (Kingdom of the Netherlands)|an autonomous country]] within the [[Kingdom of the Netherlands]], he continued to study and to have a career in education.<ref name="Ex-Surinam President Ferrier dies at 99"/> He served as both prime minister and interior minister for a three-year period from 1955 until 1958.<ref name="Ex-Surinam President Ferrier dies at 99">{{cite web|url=http://www.rnw.nl/english/article/ex-surinam-president-johan-ferrier-dies-aged-99|title=Ex-Surinam President Ferrier dies at 99|date=4 January 2010|access-date=5 January 2010|publisher=[[Radio Netherlands Worldwide]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110406182357/http://www.rnw.nl/english/article/ex-surinam-president-johan-ferrier-dies-aged-99|archive-date=6 April 2011|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> He also spent time as Suriname's head of education.<ref name="Ex-Surinam President Ferrier dies at 99"/> From 1968 until 1975 he retained the post of governor.<ref name="Johan Ferrier, first president of Suriname, dies in the Netherlands at age 99, daughter says"/> At this stage Suriname was made independent.<ref name="Johan Ferrier, first president of Suriname, dies in the Netherlands at age 99, daughter says"/> Ferrier was selected as president of the country.<ref name="Johan Ferrier, first president of Suriname, dies in the Netherlands at age 99, daughter says"/> [[Dési Bouterse]]'s [[1980 Surinamese coup d'état|1980 coup d'état]] prompted Ferrier to resign within six months.<ref name="Johan Ferrier, first president of Suriname, dies in the Netherlands at age 99, daughter says"/>
In 1946, Ferrier was one of the founding members of the [[National Party of Suriname]].<ref name="historiek">{{cite web|url=https://historiek.net/johan-ferrier-eerste-president-suriname/6493/|title=Johan Ferrier (1910-2010) – De eerste president van Suriname|website=Historiek|access-date=24 June 2020|language=nl}}</ref> Ferrier was a member of the National Council from 1946 until 1948.<ref name="Ex-Surinam President Ferrier dies at 99"/> He then went to [[Amsterdam]] in the Netherlands to learn [[education theory]].<ref name="Ex-Surinam President Ferrier dies at 99"/> In 1950, he received his [[doctorate]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.parlement.com/id/vge7dtpk4wz4/j_h_e_johan_ferrier |title=Dr. J.H.E. (Johan) Ferrier |website=Dutch Parliament|access-date=25 November 2021|language=nl}}</ref> When he went back to Suriname, which had by then become [[Suriname (Kingdom of the Netherlands)|an autonomous country]] within the [[Kingdom of the Netherlands]], he continued to study and to have a career in education.<ref name="Ex-Surinam President Ferrier dies at 99"/> He served as both [[List of prime ministers of Suriname|prime minister]] and interior minister for a three-year period from 1955 until 1958.<ref name="Ex-Surinam President Ferrier dies at 99">{{cite web|url=http://www.rnw.nl/english/article/ex-surinam-president-johan-ferrier-dies-aged-99|title=Ex-Surinam President Ferrier dies at 99|date=4 January 2010|access-date=5 January 2010|publisher=[[Radio Netherlands Worldwide]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110406182357/http://www.rnw.nl/english/article/ex-surinam-president-johan-ferrier-dies-aged-99|archive-date=6 April 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref> He also spent time as Suriname's head of education.<ref name="Ex-Surinam President Ferrier dies at 99"/> From 1968 until 1975 he retained the post of governor.<ref name="Johan Ferrier, first president of Suriname, dies in the Netherlands at age 99, daughter says"/> On 25 November 1975, Suriname was made independent, and Ferrier was sworn in as the first [[President of Suriname|president]] of the country.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Onafhankelijkheid Suriname in 1975|url=https://www.parlement.com/id/vhnnmt7lcryw/onafhankelijkheid_suriname_in_1975|access-date=25 November 2021|website=www.parlement.com|language=nl}}</ref> [[Dési Bouterse]]'s [[1980 Surinamese coup d'état|1980 coup d'état]] prompted Ferrier to resign within six months.<ref>{{Cite news|last=De Vries|first=Paul|date=15 August 1980|title=President Afgezet|language=nl|page=1|work=Limburgs Dagblad|url=https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010570689:mpeg21:p001|via=Delpher}}</ref>

Prime Minister [[Henk Chin A Sen]] succeeded Ferrier as president.<ref>{{Cite news|date=14 August 1980|title=Chin A Sen is nu de dubbele leider|language=nl|work=Limburgs Dagblad|url=https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010570690:mpeg21:p003|via=Delpher.nl}}</ref> Ferrier was made a Grand Cordon in the [[Honorary Order of the Yellow Star]] by Chin A Sen on 3 September 1980. His wife was also made a Grand Officer in the [[Honorary Order of the Palm]].<ref>{{Cite news|date=4 September 1980|title=Johan Ferrier|language=nl|page=17|work=[[De Volkskrant]]|url=https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ABCDDD:010857100:mpeg21:p017|via=Delpher.nl}}</ref>


==Later life==
==Later life==
⚫
[[File:JohanFerrier.jpg|thumbnail|Johan Ferrier (2009)|left]]
Ferrier then accompanied his relatives to live in the Netherlands.<ref name="Johan Ferrier, first president of Suriname, dies in the Netherlands at age 99, daughter says"/> He lived with them in [[Oegstgeest]].<ref name="Tributes to Suriname's first president pour in"/> Ferrier used to tell stories about the spider [[Anansi]] on Dutch children's television.<ref name="anansi">{{cite web|url=https://werkgroepcaraibischeletteren.nl/dieren-in-de-surinaamse-kinderliteratuur-info-voor-jeugdbegeleiders/ |title=Dieren in de Surinaamse kinderliteratuur: info voor jeugdbegeleiders|website=Werkgroep Caraibische Letteren|access-date=12 March 2021|language=nl}}</ref> In 1986, ''Het grote Anansi boek'', a [[picture book]] was released with illustrations by [[Noni Lichtveld]]. The original release was [[monochrome]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.allesoverboekenenschrijvers.nl/johan-ferrier-het-grote-anansiboek/ |title=Johan Ferrier Het grote Anansiboek|website=Alles Over Boeken en Schrijvers|access-date=12 March 2021|language=nl}}</ref> In 2010, it was re-released in colour.<ref name="anansi"/>
Ferrier then accompanied his relatives to live in the Netherlands.<ref>{{Cite news|date=22 September 1980|title=Vakantiereis van Ferrier|language=nl|page=3|work=[[Het Parool]]|url=https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ABCDDD:010846722:mpeg21:p003|via=Delpher.nl}}</ref> He lived with them in [[Oegstgeest]].<ref name="Tributes to Suriname's first president pour in"/> Ferrier used to tell stories about the spider [[Anansi]] on Dutch children's television.<ref name="anansi">{{cite web|url=https://werkgroepcaraibischeletteren.nl/dieren-in-de-surinaamse-kinderliteratuur-info-voor-jeugdbegeleiders/ |title=Dieren in de Surinaamse kinderliteratuur: info voor jeugdbegeleiders|website=Werkgroep Caraibische Letteren|access-date=12 March 2021|language=nl}}</ref> In 1986, ''Het Grote Anansi Boek'', a [[picture book]] was released with illustrations by [[Noni Lichtveld]]. The original release was [[monochrome]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.allesoverboekenenschrijvers.nl/johan-ferrier-het-grote-anansiboek/ |title=Johan Ferrier Het grote Anansiboek|website=Alles Over Boeken en Schrijvers|date=22 September 2020|access-date=12 March 2021|language=nl}}</ref> In 2010, it was re-released in colour.<ref name="anansi"/>


His daughter, [[Kathleen Ferrier (politician)|Kathleen Ferrier]], is a former member of the [[House of Representatives of the Netherlands]] for the [[Christian Democratic Appeal]]. In 2005, Ferrier's memoirs ''Last Governor, First President: The Century of Johan Ferrier, Surinamese'' were published.<ref name="Johan Ferrier, first president of Suriname, dies in the Netherlands at age 99, daughter says"/> The Dutch Queen gave him a knighthood.<ref name="First president of Suriname dies aged 99"/> An obituary in the national morning daily ''[[De Volkskrant]]'' said he had claimed: "Even in the darkest days, I kept my optimism".<ref name="First president of Suriname dies aged 99">{{cite web|url=http://www.dutchnews.nl/news/archives/2010/01/first_president_of_suriname_di.php|title=First president of Suriname dies aged 99|date=4 January 2010|access-date=5 January 2010|publisher=DutchNews.nl}}</ref>
His daughter, [[Kathleen Ferrier (politician)|Kathleen Ferrier]], is a former member of the [[House of Representatives of the Netherlands]] for the [[Christian Democratic Appeal]]. In 2005, Ferrier's memoirs ''Last Governor, First President: The Century of Johan Ferrier, Surinamese'' were published.<ref name="Johan Ferrier, first president of Suriname, dies in the Netherlands at age 99, daughter says"/> The Dutch Queen gave him a knighthood.<ref name="First president of Suriname dies aged 99"/> An obituary in the national morning daily ''[[De Volkskrant]]'' said he had claimed: "Even in the darkest days, I kept my optimism".<ref name="First president of Suriname dies aged 99">{{cite web|url=http://www.dutchnews.nl/news/archives/2010/01/first_president_of_suriname_di.php|title=First president of Suriname dies aged 99|date=4 January 2010|access-date=5 January 2010|publisher=DutchNews.nl}}</ref>


==Death==
==Death==
Ferrier died from [[heart failure]] while sleeping at home in Oegstgeest at the age of 99, four months before his 100th birthday. His body was found in the early morning on 4 January 2010.<ref name="Johan Ferrier, first president of Suriname, dies in the Netherlands at age 99, daughter says">{{cite news|url=http://www.winnipegfreepress.com/world/breakingnews/80621337.html|title=Johan Ferrier, first president of Suriname, dies in the Netherlands at age 99, daughter says|date=4 January 2010|access-date=5 January 2010|newspaper=[[Winnipeg Free Press]]}} {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref><ref>{{in lang|nl}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20100731002954/http://www.wereldjournalisten.nl/artikel/2010/01/08/johan_ferrier_onderwijzer_en_gentleman_in_de_poli/ "Johan Ferrier: een onderwijzer en gentleman in de Surinaamse politiek"]. wereldjournalisten.nl. 8 January 2010</ref>
Ferrier died from [[heart failure]] while sleeping at home in Oegstgeest at the age of 99. His body was found in the early morning on 4 January 2010.<ref name="Johan Ferrier, first president of Suriname, dies in the Netherlands at age 99, daughter says">{{cite news|url=http://www.winnipegfreepress.com/world/breakingnews/80621337.html|title=Johan Ferrier, first president of Suriname, dies in the Netherlands at age 99, daughter says|date=4 January 2010|access-date=5 January 2010|newspaper=[[Winnipeg Free Press]]}} {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref><ref>{{in lang|nl}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20100731002954/http://www.wereldjournalisten.nl/artikel/2010/01/08/johan_ferrier_onderwijzer_en_gentleman_in_de_poli/ "Johan Ferrier: een onderwijzer en gentleman in de Surinaamse politiek"]. wereldjournalisten.nl. 8 January 2010</ref>


[[Beatrix of the Netherlands|Queen Beatrix]] of the Netherlands paid tribute.<ref name="Tributes to Suriname's first president pour in">{{cite web|url=http://www.rnw.nl/english/article/tributes-surinames-first-president-pour|title=Tributes to Suriname's first president pour in|date=5 January 2010|access-date=5 January 2010|publisher=[[Radio Netherlands Worldwide]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100119012543/http://www.rnw.nl/english/article/tributes-surinames-first-president-pour|archive-date=19 January 2010|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> [[Prime Minister of the Netherlands|Prime Minister]] [[Jan Peter Balkenende]] said Ferrier was "an authoritative and wise statesman".<ref name="Tributes to Suriname's first president pour in"/> Politician and diplomat [[Jan Pronk]] paid tribute to his work at uniting divisions.<ref name="Tributes to Suriname's first president pour in"/>
[[Beatrix of the Netherlands|Queen Beatrix]] of the Netherlands paid tribute.<ref name="Tributes to Suriname's first president pour in">{{cite web|url=http://www.rnw.nl/english/article/tributes-surinames-first-president-pour|title=Tributes to Suriname's first president pour in|date=5 January 2010|access-date=5 January 2010|publisher=[[Radio Netherlands Worldwide]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100119012543/http://www.rnw.nl/english/article/tributes-surinames-first-president-pour|archive-date=19 January 2010|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Prime Minister of the Netherlands|Prime Minister]] [[Jan Peter Balkenende]] said Ferrier was "an authoritative and wise statesman".<ref name="Tributes to Suriname's first president pour in"/> Politician and diplomat [[Jan Pronk]] paid tribute to his work at uniting divisions.<ref name="Tributes to Suriname's first president pour in"/>

⚫
[[File:JohanFerrier.jpg|thumbnail|Johan Ferrier (2009)]]
Ferrier was buried on 11 January 2010, in the Dutch town of [[Oegstgeest]], where he had been living since 1980.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20100113103316/http://www.expatica.com/nl/news/dutch-rss-news/last-farewell-to-suriname-president-ferrier_18725.html "Last farewell to Suriname President Ferrier"]. expatica.com. 8 January 2010</ref> From 16 April 2009, when former [[Sudan]] [[List of heads of state of Sudan|President]] [[Abdel Halim Muhammad]] died, until his own death, Ferrier was the world's oldest living former head of state.
Ferrier was buried on 11 January 2010, in the Dutch town of [[Oegstgeest]], where he had been living since 1980.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20100113103316/http://www.expatica.com/nl/news/dutch-rss-news/last-farewell-to-suriname-president-ferrier_18725.html "Last farewell to Suriname President Ferrier"]. expatica.com. 8 January 2010</ref>


==Johan Ferrier Fund==
==Johan Ferrier Fund==
{{anchor|Johan Ferrier Fund}}
On 12 May 2010, the day Ferrier would have celebrated his 100th birthday, the [http://www.johanferrierfonds.nl Johan Ferrier Fund] was officially launched. The fund strives to follow in his footsteps in supporting Surinamese projects with educational and cultural goals. The Johan Ferrier Fund is an initiative of his daughter [[Joan Ferrier]], who first presented the fund in the presence of her father in September 2009.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.waterkant.net/suriname/2010/05/12/website-johan-ferrier-fonds-online/|title=Website Johan Ferrier Fonds online|website=Waterkant|access-date=24 June 2020|language=nl}}</ref>
On 12 May 2010, the day Ferrier would have celebrated his 100th birthday, the Johan Ferrier Fund was officially launched. The fund strives to follow in his footsteps in supporting Surinamese projects with educational and cultural goals. The Johan Ferrier Fund is an initiative of his daughter [[Joan Ferrier]], who first presented the fund in the presence of her father in September 2009.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.waterkant.net/suriname/2010/05/12/website-johan-ferrier-fonds-online/|title=Website Johan Ferrier Fonds online|website=Waterkant|access-date=24 June 2020|language=nl}}</ref>


==References==
==References==
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{{s-ttl|title=[[President of Suriname]]|years=1975–1989}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[President of Suriname]]|years=1975–1989}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Henk Chin A Sen]]}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Henk Chin A Sen]]}}
{{s-end}}

{{s-start}}
{{S-ach|rec}}
{{succession box
| title = [[List of oldest living state leaders|Oldest living state leader]]
| years = 16 April 2009 – 4 January 2010
| before = [[Abdel Halim Muhammad]]
| after = [[Bernardino González Ruiz]]
}}
{{s-end}}
{{s-end}}


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[[Category:Governors of Suriname]]
[[Category:Governors of Suriname]]
[[Category:National Party of Suriname politicians]]
[[Category:National Party of Suriname politicians]]
[[Category:People from Paramaribo]]
[[Category:People from Oegstgeest]]
[[Category:Politicians from Paramaribo]]
[[Category:Presidents of Suriname]]
[[Category:Presidents of Suriname]]
[[Category:Prime ministers of Suriname]]
[[Category:Scouting and Guiding in Suriname]]
[[Category:Scouting and Guiding in Suriname]]
[[Category:Surinamese Calvinist and Reformed Christians]]
[[Category:Surinamese Calvinist and Reformed Christians]]
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[[Category:Surinamese expatriates in the Netherlands]]
[[Category:Surinamese expatriates in the Netherlands]]
[[Category:Surinamese children's writers]]
[[Category:Surinamese children's writers]]
[[Category:Grand Cordons of the Honorary Order of the Yellow Star]]
[[Category:Knights of the Order of Orange-Nassau]]
[[Category:Knights of the Order of Orange-Nassau]]
[[Category:University of Amsterdam alumni]]
[[Category:University of Amsterdam alumni]]
[[Category:Surinamese independence activists]]
[[Category:Surinamese independence activists]]
[[Category:Burials in South Holland]]

Revision as of 18:45, 22 June 2024

Johan Ferrier
Ferrier in 1975
1st President of Suriname
In office
25 November 1975 – 13 August 1980
Prime Minister
Preceded byPosition established
Succeeded byHenk Chin A Sen
Governor-General of Suriname
In office
15 March 1968 – 25 November 1975
MonarchJuliana
Prime MinisterHenck Arron
Preceded byHenry Lucien de Vries
Succeeded byPosition abolished
Prime Minister of Suriname
In office
16 April 1955 – 16 July 1958
MonarchJuliana
Governors General
Preceded byArchibald Currie
Succeeded bySeverinus Desiré Emanuels
Personal details
Born
Johan Henri Eliza Ferrier

(1910-05-12)12 May 1910
Paramaribo, Surinam (now Suriname)
Died4 January 2010(2010-01-04) (aged 99)
Oegstgeest, Netherlands
Political partyNational
Spouses
  • Eugenie Lionarons
    ​
    (died 1959)​
  • Edmé Ferrier-Vas
    ​
    (died 1997)​
Children
Alma materUniversity of Amsterdam (Dr.)
Occupation
  • Politician
  • teacher

Johan Henri Eliza Ferrier (12 May 1910 – 4 January 2010) was a Surinamese politician who served as the 1st president of Suriname from 1975 to 1980. He was also the country's last governor-general before independence, serving from 1968 to 1975, before becoming the first president upon independence from the Kingdom of the Netherlands in 1975.

He was named the twentieth century's most important politician in Suriname in 1999.[4]

Early life

Ferrier was born in 1910 in Suriname's largest city and capital, Paramaribo.[5] He trained as a teacher. In 1946 he assisted in the establishment of the country's National Party, while Suriname was a colony of the Netherlands.[6]

Scouting

Ferrier was co-founder of the Boy Scouts van Suriname and its first Chief Scout. At age 16 he was a teacher in the Saramacca District and founded his first Scout Group. This group still exists and now bears the name "De Johan Ferrier groep, de groep 2 Oranje Dassers".[7]

Politics

Johan Ferrier (1955)

In 1946, Ferrier was one of the founding members of the National Party of Suriname.[8] Ferrier was a member of the National Council from 1946 until 1948.[5] He then went to Amsterdam in the Netherlands to learn education theory.[5] In 1950, he received his doctorate.[9] When he went back to Suriname, which had by then become an autonomous country within the Kingdom of the Netherlands, he continued to study and to have a career in education.[5] He served as both prime minister and interior minister for a three-year period from 1955 until 1958.[5] He also spent time as Suriname's head of education.[5] From 1968 until 1975 he retained the post of governor.[6] On 25 November 1975, Suriname was made independent, and Ferrier was sworn in as the first president of the country.[10] Dési Bouterse's 1980 coup d'état prompted Ferrier to resign within six months.[11]

Prime Minister Henk Chin A Sen succeeded Ferrier as president.[12] Ferrier was made a Grand Cordon in the Honorary Order of the Yellow Star by Chin A Sen on 3 September 1980. His wife was also made a Grand Officer in the Honorary Order of the Palm.[13]

Later life

Johan Ferrier (2009)

Ferrier then accompanied his relatives to live in the Netherlands.[14] He lived with them in Oegstgeest.[15] Ferrier used to tell stories about the spider Anansi on Dutch children's television.[16] In 1986, Het Grote Anansi Boek, a picture book was released with illustrations by Noni Lichtveld. The original release was monochrome.[17] In 2010, it was re-released in colour.[16]

His daughter, Kathleen Ferrier, is a former member of the House of Representatives of the Netherlands for the Christian Democratic Appeal. In 2005, Ferrier's memoirs Last Governor, First President: The Century of Johan Ferrier, Surinamese were published.[6] The Dutch Queen gave him a knighthood.[18] An obituary in the national morning daily De Volkskrant said he had claimed: "Even in the darkest days, I kept my optimism".[18]

Death

Ferrier died from heart failure while sleeping at home in Oegstgeest at the age of 99. His body was found in the early morning on 4 January 2010.[6][19]

Queen Beatrix of the Netherlands paid tribute.[15] Prime Minister Jan Peter Balkenende said Ferrier was "an authoritative and wise statesman".[15] Politician and diplomat Jan Pronk paid tribute to his work at uniting divisions.[15]

Ferrier was buried on 11 January 2010, in the Dutch town of Oegstgeest, where he had been living since 1980.[20]

Johan Ferrier Fund

On 12 May 2010, the day Ferrier would have celebrated his 100th birthday, the Johan Ferrier Fund was officially launched. The fund strives to follow in his footsteps in supporting Surinamese projects with educational and cultural goals. The Johan Ferrier Fund is an initiative of his daughter Joan Ferrier, who first presented the fund in the presence of her father in September 2009.[21]

References

  1. ^ "Cynthia McLeod". Good Reads. Retrieved 25 November 2021.
  2. ^ "Joan Ferrier overleden". Dagblad Suriname (in Dutch). 10 March 2014. Retrieved 25 November 2021.
  3. ^ "Drs. K.G. (Kathleen) Ferrier". Dutch Parliament (in Dutch). Retrieved 25 November 2021.
  4. ^ (in Dutch) Eerste president Suriname overleden. fok.nl. 4 January 2010
  5. ^ a b c d e f "Ex-Surinam President Ferrier dies at 99". Radio Netherlands Worldwide. 4 January 2010. Archived from the original on 6 April 2011. Retrieved 5 January 2010.
  6. ^ a b c d "Johan Ferrier, first president of Suriname, dies in the Netherlands at age 99, daughter says". Winnipeg Free Press. 4 January 2010. Retrieved 5 January 2010. [dead link]
  7. ^ (in Dutch) Johan Ferrier, eerste Chief Scout Suriname. dbsuriname.com. 11 January 2010
  8. ^ "Johan Ferrier (1910-2010) – De eerste president van Suriname". Historiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 June 2020.
  9. ^ "Dr. J.H.E. (Johan) Ferrier". Dutch Parliament (in Dutch). Retrieved 25 November 2021.
  10. ^ "Onafhankelijkheid Suriname in 1975". www.parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 25 November 2021.
  11. ^ De Vries, Paul (15 August 1980). "President Afgezet". Limburgs Dagblad (in Dutch). p. 1 – via Delpher.
  12. ^ "Chin A Sen is nu de dubbele leider". Limburgs Dagblad (in Dutch). 14 August 1980 – via Delpher.nl.
  13. ^ "Johan Ferrier". De Volkskrant (in Dutch). 4 September 1980. p. 17 – via Delpher.nl.
  14. ^ "Vakantiereis van Ferrier". Het Parool (in Dutch). 22 September 1980. p. 3 – via Delpher.nl.
  15. ^ a b c d "Tributes to Suriname's first president pour in". Radio Netherlands Worldwide. 5 January 2010. Archived from the original on 19 January 2010. Retrieved 5 January 2010.
  16. ^ a b "Dieren in de Surinaamse kinderliteratuur: info voor jeugdbegeleiders". Werkgroep Caraibische Letteren (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 March 2021.
  17. ^ "Johan Ferrier Het grote Anansiboek". Alles Over Boeken en Schrijvers (in Dutch). 22 September 2020. Retrieved 12 March 2021.
  18. ^ a b "First president of Suriname dies aged 99". DutchNews.nl. 4 January 2010. Retrieved 5 January 2010.
  19. ^ (in Dutch) "Johan Ferrier: een onderwijzer en gentleman in de Surinaamse politiek". wereldjournalisten.nl. 8 January 2010
  20. ^ "Last farewell to Suriname President Ferrier". expatica.com. 8 January 2010
  21. ^ "Website Johan Ferrier Fonds online". Waterkant (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 June 2020.
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Political offices
Preceded by
Office established
 President of Suriname
1975–1989 		Succeeded by
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