Jump to content

Randori: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous edit
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
Removed "in judo" subsection discussing the term "jigeiko" without comparison or connection to randori.
Tag: Reverted
IPooya (talk | contribs)
362 edits
No edit summary
 
(7 intermediate revisions by 4 users not shown)
Line 6: Line 6:
| hiragana = らんどり
| hiragana = らんどり
| revhep = randori
| revhep = randori
}}
}}{{Nihongo|'''Randori'''|乱取り}} is a term used in [[Japanese martial arts]] to describe free-style practice (sparring). The term denotes an exercise in 取り ''tori'', applying technique to a random ([[:wikt:乱| 乱 ''ran'']]) succession of ''uke'' attacks.
{{Nihongo|'''Randori'''|乱取り}} is a term used in [[Japanese martial arts]] to describe free-style practice (sparring). The term denotes an exercise in 取り ''tori'', applying technique to a random ([[:wikt:乱| 乱 ''ran'']]) succession of ''uke'' attacks.


The actual connotation of ''randori'' depends on the martial art it is used in. In [[judo]], [[jujutsu]], and [[Shodokan aikido]], among others, it most often refers to one-on-one sparring where partners attempt to resist and counter each other's techniques. In other styles of [[aikido]], in particular [[Aikikai]], it refers to a form of practice in which a designated aikidoka defends against multiple attackers in quick succession without knowing how they will attack or in what order.
The actual connotation of ''randori'' depends on the martial art it is used in. In [[judo]], [[jujutsu]], and [[Shodokan aikido]], among others, it most often refers to one-on-one sparring where partners attempt to resist and counter each other's techniques. In other styles of [[aikido]], in particular [[Aikikai]], it refers to a form of practice in which a designated aikidoka defends against multiple attackers in quick succession without knowing how they will attack or in what order.
Line 13: Line 14:
The term is used in aikido, judo, and Brazilian jiu-jitsu [[dojos]] outside Japan. In Japan, this form of practice is called {{Nihongo|''taninzu-gake''|多人数掛け}}, which literally means multiple attackers.
The term is used in aikido, judo, and Brazilian jiu-jitsu [[dojos]] outside Japan. In Japan, this form of practice is called {{Nihongo|''taninzu-gake''|多人数掛け}}, which literally means multiple attackers.


==In Judo==
==In judo==
The term was described by Jigoro Kano, the founder of Judo, in a speech at the 1932 Los Angeles Olympic Games: "Randori, meaning "free exercise", is practiced under conditions of actual contest. It includes throwing, choking, holding the opponent down, and bending or twisting of the arms. The two combatants may use whatever methods they like provided they do not hurt each other and obey the rules of Judo concerning etiquette, which are essential to its proper working."<ref>Original text of this speech available at The Judo Information Site at http://judoinfo.com/kano1.htm</ref>
The term was described by Jigoro Kano, the founder of judo, in a speech at the 1932 Los Angeles Olympic Games: "Randori, meaning "free exercise", is practiced under conditions of actual contest. It includes throwing, choking, holding the opponent down, and bending or twisting of the arms. The two combatants may use whatever methods they like provided they do not hurt each other and obey the rules of judo concerning etiquette, which are essential to its proper working."<ref>Original text of this speech available at The Judo Information Site at http://judoinfo.com/kano1.htm</ref>


There are 2 types of Randori.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AWflu-BBjxcC&pg=PA25&dq=Randori#q=Randori|title=Black Belt Judo|first=Neil|last=Ohlenkamp|date=16 May 2018|publisher=New Holland|isbn=9781845371098|via=Google Books}}</ref>
There are 2 types of randori.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AWflu-BBjxcC&dq=Randori&pg=PA25|title=Black Belt Judo|first=Neil|last=Ohlenkamp|date=16 May 2018|publisher=New Holland|isbn=9781845371098|via=Google Books}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=o3YrDwAAQBAJ&dq=Randori&pg=PT27|title=Judo: Seven Steps to Black Belt (An Introductory Guide for Beginners)|first=Rodolfo|last=Tello|date=1 August 2016|publisher=Amakella Publishing|isbn=9781633870086|via=Google Books}}</ref>
<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=o3YrDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT27&dq=Randori#q=Randori|title=Judo: Seven Steps to Black Belt (An Introductory Guide for Beginners)|first=Rodolfo|last=Tello|date=1 August 2016|publisher=Amakella Publishing|isbn=9781633870086|via=Google Books}}</ref>


==In Aikido==
==In aikido==
Most commonly: One attacker, two or multiple attackers rush toward tori and try to grab both elbows. Tori's challenge is to apply strategy, quick taisabaki, and to maintain aikido's approach which is - avoiding as much as possible from hurting the attackers. Therefore, tori does not punch, but rather tries to avoid the attacks or to throw the attackers.In some aikido styles, the attack is free, and so are the techniques applied - as long as they follow the principles of aikido.
Most commonly, one or more attackers rush toward tori and try to grab both elbows. The tori's goal is to perform quick [[tai sabaki]] and avoid hurting the attackers as much as possible. Therefore, the tori does not punch, but rather tries to avoid the attacks or to throw the attackers. In some aikido styles, the attack is free, and so are the techniques applied, as long as they follow the principles of aikido.


==In Karate==
==In karate==
Although in [[karate]] the word ''[[kumite]]'' is usually reserved for sparring, some schools also employ the term ''randori'' with regard to "mock-combat" in which both karateka move with speed, parrying and attacking with all four limbs (including knees, elbows, etc.). In these schools, the distinction between randori and ''kumite'' is that in randori, the action is uninterrupted when a successful technique is applied. (Also known as ju kumite or soft sparring.)
Although in [[karate]] the word ''[[kumite]]'' is usually reserved for sparring, some schools also employ the term ''randori'' with regard to "mock-combat" in which both karateka move with speed, parrying and attacking with all four limbs (including knees and elbows). In these schools, the distinction between randori and ''kumite'' is that in randori, the action is uninterrupted when a successful technique is applied. (Also known as ju kumite or soft sparring.)


==In ninjutsu==
==In ninjutsu==

Latest revision as of 07:47, 15 June 2024

Randori
Japanese name
Kanji乱取り
Hiraganaらんどり
Transcriptions
Revised Hepburnrandori

Randori (乱取り) is a term used in Japanese martial arts to describe free-style practice (sparring). The term denotes an exercise in 取り tori, applying technique to a random ( 乱 ran) succession of uke attacks.

The actual connotation of randori depends on the martial art it is used in. In judo, jujutsu, and Shodokan aikido, among others, it most often refers to one-on-one sparring where partners attempt to resist and counter each other's techniques. In other styles of aikido, in particular Aikikai, it refers to a form of practice in which a designated aikidoka defends against multiple attackers in quick succession without knowing how they will attack or in what order.

In Japan

[edit]

The term is used in aikido, judo, and Brazilian jiu-jitsu dojos outside Japan. In Japan, this form of practice is called taninzu-gake (多人数掛け), which literally means multiple attackers.

In judo

[edit]

The term was described by Jigoro Kano, the founder of judo, in a speech at the 1932 Los Angeles Olympic Games: "Randori, meaning "free exercise", is practiced under conditions of actual contest. It includes throwing, choking, holding the opponent down, and bending or twisting of the arms. The two combatants may use whatever methods they like provided they do not hurt each other and obey the rules of judo concerning etiquette, which are essential to its proper working."[1]

There are 2 types of randori.[2][3]

In aikido

[edit]

Most commonly, one or more attackers rush toward tori and try to grab both elbows. The tori's goal is to perform quick tai sabaki and avoid hurting the attackers as much as possible. Therefore, the tori does not punch, but rather tries to avoid the attacks or to throw the attackers. In some aikido styles, the attack is free, and so are the techniques applied, as long as they follow the principles of aikido.

In karate

[edit]

Although in karate the word kumite is usually reserved for sparring, some schools also employ the term randori with regard to "mock-combat" in which both karateka move with speed, parrying and attacking with all four limbs (including knees and elbows). In these schools, the distinction between randori and kumite is that in randori, the action is uninterrupted when a successful technique is applied. (Also known as ju kumite or soft sparring.)

In ninjutsu

[edit]

Randori is also practiced in Bujinkan ninjutsu and usually represented to the practitioner when he reaches the "Shodan" level. In ninjutsu, randori puts the practitioner in a position where he is armed or unarmed and is attacked by multiple attackers.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Original text of this speech available at The Judo Information Site at http://judoinfo.com/kano1.htm
  2. ^ Ohlenkamp, Neil (16 May 2018). Black Belt Judo. New Holland. ISBN 9781845371098 – via Google Books.
  3. ^ Tello, Rodolfo (1 August 2016). Judo: Seven Steps to Black Belt (An Introductory Guide for Beginners). Amakella Publishing. ISBN 9781633870086 – via Google Books.
[edit]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Randori&oldid=1229169445"