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The Corps législatif was a part of the French legislature during the French Revolution and beyond. It is also the generic French term used to refer to any legislative body.

History

Under Napoleon's Consulate, the Constitution of the Year VIII (1799) set up a Corps législatif as the law-making body of the three-part government apparatus (alongside the Tribunat and the Sénat conservateur). This body replaced the Conseil des Cinq-Cents, established by the Constitution of the Year III of the Directory period as the lower house of the French legislature, but its role consisted solely of voting on laws deliberated before the Tribunat. The Constitution of the Year X continued the corps' existence, but Napoleon grew more impatient with its slow deliberations and stripped it of much of its power in 1804. It was finally abolished by Louis XVIII on 4 June 1814, to be replaced by the Chambre des députés (though a Chambre des représentants was briefly set up during the Hundred Days).

When Napoleon III gained power, he re-constituted the Corps as France's lower chamber through the Constitution of 1852, with members elected by direct universal suffrage for terms of 6 years. The elections occurred in February 1852, June 1857, 31 May 1863 and May 1869. The elected corps législatif of the Second Empire shared its legislative powers with the executive Conseil d'État, made up of functionaries, and the Sénat, whose members were named for life.

It was replaced by the Chamber of Deputies in the Third Republic.

Historical composition

Second French Empire (1852–1870)

Republicans

Bonapartists

Legitimists

1852

3

253

7

1857

7

276

1863

17

251

15

1869

30

212

41

External links

This French history–related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

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+{{Short description|Legislative body in Napoleonic France}}
-{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2011}}
+{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2023}}
-[[Image:Corps législatif.jpg|thumb|right|250px|The meeting chamber of the ''corps législatif'', published in ''Le journal illustré'', 1869.]]
-[[Image:Exterior of Corps legislatif.jpg|thumb|right|250px|The scene outside the ''Palais du Corps Législatif'' after its final sitting, 1870, by [[Jacques Guiaud]].]]
+[[Image:Corps législatif.jpg|thumb|right|250px|The meeting chamber of the {{lang|fr|corps législatif|italics=no}}, published in {{lang|fr|[[Le Journal illustré]]}}, 1869.]]
+[[Image:Exterior of Corps legislatif.jpg|thumb|right|250px|The scene outside the {{lang|fr|Palais du Corps Législatif}} after its final sitting, 1870, by [[Jacques Guiaud]].]]
-The '''Corps législatif''' was a part of the French legislature during the [[French Revolution]] and beyond. It is also the generic French term used to refer to any legislative body.
+The '''{{lang|fr|Corps législatif|italics=no}}''' was a part of the French legislature during the [[French Revolution]] and beyond. It is also the generic French term used to refer to any [[legislative body]].
 ==History==
+Under [[Napoleon|Napoleon's]] [[French Consulate|Consulate]], the [[Constitution of the Year VIII]] (1799) set up a ''Corps législatif'' as the law-making body of the three-part government apparatus (alongside the [[Tribunat]] and the [[Sénat conservateur]]). This body replaced the Conseil des Cinq-Cents, established by the [[Constitution of the Year III]] of the Directory period as the lower house of the French legislature, but its role consisted solely of voting on laws deliberated before the Tribunat. The [[Constitution of the Year X]] continued the corps' existence, but Napoleon grew more impatient with its slow deliberations and stripped it of much of its power in 1804. It was finally abolished by [[Louis XVIII]] on 4 June 1814, to be replaced by the [[Chambre des députés (French Restoration)|Chambre des députés]] (though a [[Chambre des représentants (France)|Chambre des représentants]] was briefly set up during the [[Hundred Days]]).
-The [[French Constitution of 1793|Constitution of the Year I]] foresaw the need for a ''corps législatif''. During the period of the [[French Directory]], beginning in 1795, the ''Corps législatif'' referred to the bicameral legislature of the ''Conseil des Cinq-Cents'' ([[Council of Five Hundred]]) and the ''Conseil des Anciens'' ([[Council of Ancients]]).
+When [[Napoleon III]] gained power, he re-constituted the Corps as France's lower chamber through the [[French Constitution of 1852|Constitution of 1852]], with members elected by direct universal suffrage for terms of 6 years. The elections occurred in February 1852, June 1857, 31 May 1863 and May 1869. The elected corps législatif of the Second Empire shared its legislative powers with the executive [[Conseil d'État (France)|''Conseil d'État'']], made up of functionaries, and the ''[[Sénat]]'', whose members were named for life.
+It was replaced by the [[Chamber of Deputies of France|Chamber of Deputies]] in the [[French Third Republic|Third Republic]].
-Later, under [[Napoleon I of France|Napoleon's]] [[French Consulate|Consulate]], the [[Constitution of the Year VIII]] (1800) set up a ''Corps législatif'' as the law-making body of the three-part government apparatus (alongside the [[Tribunat]] and the [[Sénat Conservateur]]). This body replaced the Conseil des Cinq-Cents, established by the [[Constitution of the Year III]] of the Directory period as the lower house of the French legislature, but its role consisted solely of voting on laws deliberated before the Tribunat. The [[Constitution of the Year X]] continued the corps' existence, but Napoleon grew more impatient with its slow deliberations and stripped it of much of its power in 1804. It was finally abolished by [[Louis XVIII of France|Louis XVIII]] on 4 June 1814, to be replaced by the [[Chambre des députés (French Restoration)|Chambre des députés]] (though a [[Chambre des représentants (France)|Chambre des représentants]] was briefly set up during the [[Hundred Days]]).
+==Historical composition==
-When [[Napoleon III of France|Napoleon III]] gained power, he re-constituted the Corps as France's lower chamber through the [[French Constitution of 1852|Constitution of 1852]], with members elected by direct universal suffrage for terms of 6 years. The elections occurred in February 1852, June 1857, 31 May 1863 and May 1869. Faced with an omnipotent executive – ministers appointed by Napoleon III were only dependent on him – the elected corps législatif of the Second Empire shared its reduced legislative powers with the executive [[Council of State (France)|''Conseil d'État'']], made up of functionaries, and the ''[[Sénat]]'', whose members were named for life.
+=== Second French Empire (1852–1870) ===
-The name was finally changed to [[Chamber of Deputies of France|Chamber of Deputies]] by the [[French Third Republic|Third Republic]].
+{{further|Second French Empire}}
+{| class="wikitable" width="100%" style="border:solid #000000 1px; font-size:95%;"
+|-
+| colspan="2" |
+{| width="100%" style="font-size:90%;"
+| width="70" |
+|{{legend|{{party color|Moderate Republicans (France)}}|[[Moderate Republicans (France, 1848–1870)|Republicans]]}}
+|{{legend|{{party color|Bonapartist}}|[[Bonapartism|Bonapartists]]}}
+|{{legend|{{party color|Ultra-royalist}}|[[Legitimists]]}}
+|}
+|-
+| width="40" | [[1852 French legislative election|1852]]
+|
+{| style="width:100%; text-align:center; font-weight:bold; color:white; text-shadow: 1px 1px 1px #000000;"
+| style="background-color: {{party color|Moderate Republicans (France)}};                             width:  1.14%"|  3
+| style="background-color: {{party color|Bonapartist}};                                               width: 96.20%"|253
+| style="background-color: {{party color|Ultra-royalist}};                                            width:  2.66%"|  7
+|}
+|-
+| width="40" | [[1857 French legislative election|1857]]
+|
+{| style="width:100%; text-align:center; font-weight:bold; color:white; text-shadow: 1px 1px 1px #000000;"
+| style="background-color: {{party color|Moderate Republicans (France)}};                             width:  2.47%"|  7
+| style="background-color: {{party color|Bonapartist}};                                               width: 97.53%"|276
+|}
+|-
+| width="40" | [[1863 French legislative election|1863]]
+|
+{| style="width:100%; text-align:center; font-weight:bold; color:white; text-shadow: 1px 1px 1px #000000;"
+| style="background-color: {{party color|Moderate Republicans (France)}};                             width:  6.01%"| 17
+| style="background-color: {{party color|Bonapartist}};                                               width: 88.69%"|251
+| style="background-color: {{party color|Ultra-royalist}};                                            width:  5.30%"| 15
+|}
+|-
+| width="40" | [[1869 French legislative election|1869]]
+|
+{| style="width:100%; text-align:center; font-weight:bold; color:white; text-shadow: 1px 1px 1px #000000;"
+| style="background-color: {{party color|Moderate Republicans (France)}};                             width: 10.06%"| 30
+| style="background-color: {{party color|Bonapartist}};                                               width: 74.91%"|212
+| style="background-color: {{party color|Ultra-royalist}};                                            width: 14.49%"| 41
+|}
+|}
 ==See also==
-A ''corps législatif'' also existed in the [[Free City of Frankfurt|Republic of Frankfurt]].
+*A ''corps législatif'' also existed in the [[Free City of Frankfurt|Republic of Frankfurt]].
 ==External links==
-{{commonscat|Historical legislatures in France}}
+{{commons category|Historical legislatures in France}}
 {{DEFAULTSORT:Corps legislatif}}
@@ Line 31: / Line 77: @@
 [[Category:First French Empire]]
 [[Category:French Consulate]]
+[[Category:Historical legislatures in France]]