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Coordinates: 50°41′10″N 2°06′36″W / 50.686°N 2.1099°W / 50.686; -2.1099
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==History==
==History==
The town's strategic setting has made it an important settlement throughout its long history. Excavations at the nearby Bestwall site have produced evidence of transient early [[Mesolithic]] activity dating to around 9000 [[BCE]]. At the same site four large [[Neolithic]] pits containing worked [[flint]] and pottery fragments dating to 3700 BCE were found. Three green stone axeheads discovered also probably date to this period. Flint working and potting continued throughout the [[Bronze Age]]. The first house discovered dates to the mid 15th century BCE.<ref name="britarch_bestwall">{{cite journal|url=http://www.britarch.ac.uk/ba/ba115/feat2.shtml|title=Bestwall Quarry|access-date=9 January 2011|date=Nov–Dec 2010|first1=Lilian|last1=Ladle|first2=Ann|last2=Woodward|journal=British Archaeology|issue=115}}</ref>
The town's strategic setting has made it an important settlement throughout its long history. Excavations at the nearby Bestwall site have produced evidence of transient early [[Mesolithic]] activity dating to around 9000 [[BCE]]. At the same site four large [[Neolithic]] pits containing worked [[flint]] and pottery fragments dating to 3700 BCE were found. Three green stone axeheads discovered also probably date to this period. Flint working and potting continued throughout the [[Bronze Age]]. The first house discovered dates to the mid 15th century BCE.<ref name="britarch_bestwall">{{Cite journal |last=Ladle |first=Lilian |last2=Woodward |first2=Ann |date=Nov–Dec 2010 |title=Bestwall Quarry |url=http://www.britarch.ac.uk/ba/ba115/feat2.shtml |journal=British Archaeology |issue=115 |access-date=9 January 2011}}</ref>
[[File:Wareham West Walls.JPG|thumb|left|"Bloody Bank" is the high point in the distance, on West Walls]]
Archaeological evidence exists of a small [[Roman Empire|Roman]] settlement, though the current town was founded by the [[Saxons]].<ref>{{harvnb|Davis|1997|p=9}}</ref> The Roman name is unknown, but the town is referred to as ''Werham'' in the ''[[Anglo-Saxon Chronicle]]'' entry of 784, from [[Old English]] ''wer'' (meaning 'fish trap, a weir') and ''hām'' ('homestead') or ''hamm'' ('enclosure hemmed in by water').<ref>{{cite book | first1=David | last1=Hill | first2=Alexander R. | last2=Rumble | title=The defence of Wessex: the Burghal Hidage and Anglo-Saxon fortifications | year=1996 | publisher=Manchester University Press | isbn=0-7190-3218-0 | pages=107–108}}</ref>
[[File:Wareham Lady St Mary Church 2.JPG|thumb|Lady St. Mary Church]]
The town's oldest features are the town walls, ancient earth [[defensive wall|ramparts]] surrounding the town, likely built by [[Alfred the Great]] in the 9th century to defend the town from the [[Danes (Germanic tribe)|Danes]]<ref name="Davis 1997 14">{{harvnb|Davis|1997|p=14}}</ref> as part of his system of ''[[burh]]'' towns. The Danes invaded and occupied Wareham in 876, and only left after Alfred returned with an army and made a payment of [[Danegeld]]. In 998 they attacked again, and in 1015 an invasion led by [[Cnut|King Canute]] left the town in ruins.<ref name="Davis 1997 15">{{harvnb|Davis|1997|p=15}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=A Freeman|url=http://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.226325|title=The History Of Norman Conquest Of England Volum One}}</ref> The town was a [[Saxons|Saxon]] royal burial place, notably that of [[King Beorhtric]] (d. 802). Also in the town at the ancient [[Minster (church)|minster]] church of [[Lady St. Mary Church, Wareham|Lady St. Mary]] is the coffin said to be that of [[Edward the Martyr]], dating from 978. His remains had been hastily buried there and were later taken from Wareham to [[Shaftesbury Abbey]] in north Dorset (and now lie in [[Brookwood Cemetery]], [[Surrey]]).


[[File:Wareham West Walls.JPG|thumb|right|"Bloody Bank" is the high point in the distance, on West Walls]]
By the end of the Saxon period, Wareham had become one of the most important towns in the county, to the extent that it housed two [[Mint (coin)|mints]] for the issue of Royal money.<ref name="wtc">{{cite web | title=DTC Wareham History | url=http://www.wareham-tc.gov.uk/WTC_pages/wtc_history.htm | publisher=Wareham Town Council | access-date=14 November 2010 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110107095832/http://www.wareham-tc.gov.uk/WTC_pages/wtc_history.htm | archive-date=7 January 2011 | df=dmy-all }}</ref> The [[Burghal Hidage]] lists the town as 1,600 [[Hide (unit)|hides]], the third largest in the realm.<ref name="Davis 1997 14"/> During the [[Norman conquest of England]], in late 1067, [[William the Conqueror|William I]] harried the town as his army passed into the west to [[Siege of Exeter (1068)|lay siege to Exeter]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=A Freeman|url=http://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.183476|title=The History Of Norman Conquest Of England Volum Iv}}</ref> The [[Normans]] later built a [[Wareham Castle|castle]] on the banks of the River Frome, at a site acquired from the Abbot of Shaftesbury and now known as Castle Close, which became the focus of much fighting between the forces of [[Stephen, King of England|Stephen]] and [[Empress Matilda|Matilda]] during the period of [[The Anarchy|civil war]] in the mid 12th century.<ref>{{harvnb|Davis|1997|p=18}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Edward Augustus Freeman|url=http://archive.org/details/historynormanco03unkngoog|title=The History of the Norman Conquest of England|others=Harvard University|language=en}}</ref> The [[keep]] was destroyed at an unknown date in the 12th or 13th century, possibly under the terms of the [[Treaty of Wallingford]],<ref>{{cite web | url=http://ads.ahds.ac.uk/catalogue/adsdata/arch-769-1/ahds/dissemination/pdf/vol04/4_056_068.pdf | title=The Keep of Wareham Castle | author = D. F. RENN | access-date=14 November 2010}}</ref> and no visible trace remains. Up until this time Wareham had been an important port; however the growth of Poole and the gradual silting of the river caused a decline in trade and by the end of the 13th century most of the foreign trade had transferred to Poole. Local trade continued to be handled at the Quay until the construction of the railway in the 19th century.<ref name="wtc"/><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|1997|p=20}}</ref>

Archaeological evidence exists of a small [[Roman Empire|Roman]] settlement, though the current town was founded by the [[Saxons]].<ref>{{harvnb|Davis|1997|p=9}}</ref> The Roman name is unknown, but the town is referred to as ''Werham'' in the ''[[Anglo-Saxon Chronicle]]'' entry of 784, from [[Old English]] ''wer'' (meaning 'fish trap, a weir') and ''hām'' ('homestead') or ''hamm'' ('enclosure hemmed in by water').<ref>{{Cite book |last=Hill |first=David |title=The defence of Wessex: the Burghal Hidage and Anglo-Saxon fortifications |last2=Rumble |first2=Alexander R. |publisher=Manchester University Press |year=1996 |isbn=0-7190-3218-0 |pages=107–108}}</ref>
[[File:Wareham Lady St Mary Church 2.JPG|thumb|right|Lady St. Mary Church]]

The town's oldest features are the town walls, ancient earth [[defensive wall|ramparts]] surrounding the town, likely built by [[Alfred the Great]] in the 9th century to defend the town from the [[Danes (Germanic tribe)|Danes]]<ref name="Davis 1997 14">{{harvnb|Davis|1997|p=14}}</ref> as part of his system of ''[[burh]]'' towns. The Danes invaded and occupied Wareham in 876, and only left after Alfred returned with an army and made a payment of [[Danegeld]]. In 998 they attacked again, and in 1015 an invasion led by [[Cnut|King Canute]] left the town in ruins.<ref name="Davis 1997 15">{{harvnb|Davis|1997|p=15}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=A Freeman |url=http://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.226325 |title=The History Of Norman Conquest Of England Volum One}}</ref> The town was a [[Saxons|Saxon]] royal burial place, notably that of [[King Beorhtric]] (d. 802). Also in the town at the ancient [[Minster (church)|minster]] church of [[Lady St. Mary Church, Wareham|Lady St. Mary]] is the coffin said to be that of [[Edward the Martyr]], dating from 978. His remains had been hastily buried there and were later taken from Wareham to [[Shaftesbury Abbey]] in north Dorset (and now lie in [[Brookwood Cemetery]], [[Surrey]]).

By the end of the Saxon period, Wareham had become one of the most important towns in the county, to the extent that it housed two [[Mint (coin)|mints]] for the issue of Royal money.<ref name="wtc">{{Cite web |title=DTC Wareham History |url=http://www.wareham-tc.gov.uk/WTC_pages/wtc_history.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110107095832/http://www.wareham-tc.gov.uk/WTC_pages/wtc_history.htm |archive-date=7 January 2011 |access-date=14 November 2010 |publisher=Wareham Town Council |df=dmy-all}}</ref> The [[Burghal Hidage]] lists the town as 1,600 [[Hide (unit)|hides]], the third largest in the realm.<ref name="Davis 1997 14" /> During the [[Norman conquest of England]], in late 1067, [[William the Conqueror|William I]] harried the town as his army passed into the west to [[Siege of Exeter (1068)|lay siege to Exeter]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=A Freeman |url=http://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.183476 |title=The History Of Norman Conquest Of England Volum Iv}}</ref> The [[Normans]] later built a [[Wareham Castle|castle]] on the banks of the River Frome, at a site acquired from the Abbot of Shaftesbury and now known as Castle Close, which became the focus of much fighting between the forces of [[Stephen, King of England|Stephen]] and [[Empress Matilda|Matilda]] during the period of [[The Anarchy|civil war]] in the mid 12th century.<ref>{{harvnb|Davis|1997|p=18}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Edward Augustus Freeman |url=http://archive.org/details/historynormanco03unkngoog |title=The History of the Norman Conquest of England |others=Harvard University |language=en}}</ref> The [[keep]] was destroyed at an unknown date in the 12th or 13th century, possibly under the terms of the [[Treaty of Wallingford]],<ref>{{Cite web |last=D. F. RENN |title=The Keep of Wareham Castle |url=http://ads.ahds.ac.uk/catalogue/adsdata/arch-769-1/ahds/dissemination/pdf/vol04/4_056_068.pdf |access-date=14 November 2010}}</ref> and no visible trace remains. Up until this time Wareham had been an important port; however the growth of Poole and the gradual silting of the river caused a decline in trade and by the end of the 13th century most of the foreign trade had transferred to Poole. Local trade continued to be handled at the Quay until the construction of the railway in the 19th century.<ref name="wtc" /><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|1997|p=20}}</ref>


During the [[English Civil War]], Wareham changed hands several times between the [[Cavalier|Royalists]] and [[Roundhead|Parliamentarians]] and in August 1644 was the site of a fierce battle with 2,000 [[Oliver Cromwell|Cromwellian]] soldiers besieging the town.<ref>{{harvnb|Davis|1997|p=31}}</ref>
During the [[English Civil War]], Wareham changed hands several times between the [[Cavalier|Royalists]] and [[Roundhead|Parliamentarians]] and in August 1644 was the site of a fierce battle with 2,000 [[Oliver Cromwell|Cromwellian]] soldiers besieging the town.<ref>{{harvnb|Davis|1997|p=31}}</ref>


After the [[Monmouth Rebellion]] of 1685, Wareham was one of a number of towns in Dorset where [[George Jeffreys, 1st Baron Jeffreys|Judge Jeffreys]] held the [[Bloody Assizes]], with five rebels being [[hanged, drawn and quartered]] on the West Walls, an area known as 'Bloody Bank'.<ref name="lilianladle_1986">{{harvnb|Ladle|1986|p=28}}</ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|1997|p=35}}</ref> This may also have been the site of the execution of a hermit known as Peter de Pomfret who in 1213 had prophesied that before the next [[Ascension Day]] [[John, King of England|King John]]'s rule would be over. The prophecy turned out to be incorrect, and the King decreed that Peter should be dragged through the streets of the town tied to a horse's tail and [[Hanging|hanged]] together with his son.<ref name="lilianladle_1986"/>
After the [[Monmouth Rebellion]] of 1685, Wareham was one of a number of towns in Dorset where [[George Jeffreys, 1st Baron Jeffreys|Judge Jeffreys]] held the [[Bloody Assizes]], with five rebels being [[hanged, drawn and quartered]] on the West Walls, an area known as 'Bloody Bank'.<ref name="lilianladle_1986">{{harvnb|Ladle|1986|p=28}}</ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|1997|p=35}}</ref> This may also have been the site of the execution of a hermit known as Peter de Pomfret who in 1213 had prophesied that before the next [[Ascension Day]] [[John, King of England|King John]]'s rule would be over. The prophecy turned out to be incorrect, and the King decreed that Peter should be dragged through the streets of the town tied to a horse's tail and [[Hanging|hanged]] together with his son.<ref name="lilianladle_1986" />


In 1762, a fire destroyed two thirds of the town, which has been rebuilt in [[Georgian architecture]] with red brick and [[Purbeck limestone]], following the earlier street pattern. The town is divided into four quarters by the two main roads, which cross at right-angles. The [[medieval]] [[almshouse]]s escaped the fire, and some of the Georgian façades are in fact disguising earlier buildings which also survived.
In 1762, a fire destroyed two thirds of the town, which has been rebuilt in [[Georgian architecture]] with red brick and [[Purbeck limestone]], following the earlier street pattern. The town is divided into four quarters by the two main roads, which cross at right-angles. The [[medieval]] [[almshouse]]s escaped the fire, and some of the Georgian façades are in fact disguising earlier buildings which also survived.
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==Religious sites==
==Religious sites==
[[File:Wareham St Martin's Church 2.JPG|thumb|[[St Martin's Church, Wareham]]]]
[[File:Wareham St Martin's Church 2.JPG|thumb|[[St Martin's Church, Wareham]]]]
Wareham contains several places of worship with the oldest being the Saxon churches of Lady St. Mary (substantially modified but the origins are [[Norman conquest of England|pre-conquest]].<ref>{{harvnb|Davis|1997|p=11}}</ref> The Saxon nave was demolished in 1841–2) and [[St Martin's Church, Wareham|St. Martins-on-the-Walls]] (built c.1030, dedicated to [[Martin of Tours]]). Both are [[Church of England|Anglican]]. The 14th-century building of Holy Trinity Church stands on the site of the Saxon chapel St Andrew's<ref name="Davis 1997 15"/> and was until 2012 a tourist information centre. Other churches are the Wareham [[United Reformed Church]] in Church Street, St. Edward the Martyr [[Roman Catholic]] church on Shatters Hill, Wareham [[Methodist]] Church in North St. and the [[Evangelical]] Church in Ropers Lane. Sections of the churchyard of Lady St. Mary are managed by the [[Commonwealth War Graves Commission]], containing as it does a number of graves of servicemen who died in a nearby military hospital during the [[First World War]] and others, including those of German and Polish servicemen, from the [[Second World War]].
Wareham contains several places of worship with the oldest being the Saxon churches of Lady St. Mary (substantially modified but the origins are [[Norman conquest of England|pre-conquest]].<ref>{{harvnb|Davis|1997|p=11}}</ref> The Saxon nave was demolished in 1841–2) and [[St Martin's Church, Wareham|St. Martins-on-the-Walls]] (built c.1030, dedicated to [[Martin of Tours]]). Both are [[Church of England|Anglican]]. The 14th-century building of Holy Trinity Church stands on the site of the Saxon chapel St Andrew's<ref name="Davis 1997 15" /> and was until 2012 a tourist information centre. Other churches are the Wareham [[United Reformed Church]] in Church Street, St. Edward the Martyr [[Roman Catholic]] church on Shatters Hill, Wareham [[Methodist]] Church in North St. and the [[Evangelical]] Church in Ropers Lane. Sections of the churchyard of Lady St. Mary are managed by the [[Commonwealth War Graves Commission]], containing as it does a number of graves of servicemen who died in a nearby military hospital during the [[First World War]] and others, including those of German and Polish servicemen, from the [[Second World War]].


==Government==
==Government==
[[File:Wareham North Street.JPG|thumb|North St.]]
[[File:Wareham North Street.JPG|thumb|North St.]]
The civil parish of Wareham Town encompasses the walled town of Wareham, situated on the land between the rivers Frome and Piddle, together with the area of Northport to the north of the River Piddle, and a relatively small amount of the surrounding rural area. The parish has an area of {{convert|6.52|km2|2|abbr=off}}.<ref name = mapdat>{{cite book | title = OS Explorer Map OL15 - Purbeck & South Dorset | publisher = [[Ordnance Survey]] | year = 2006 | isbn = 978-0-319-23865-3 }}</ref><ref name=parsta>{{cite web | url = http://www.purbeck.gov.uk/pdf/Parish%20Statistics1.pdf | title = Parish Statistics | publisher = Purbeck District Council | date = 11 January 2007 | access-date = 12 August 2007 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070927050126/http://www.purbeck.gov.uk/pdf/Parish%20Statistics1.pdf <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date = 27 September 2007}}</ref>
The civil parish of Wareham Town encompasses the walled town of Wareham, situated on the land between the rivers Frome and Piddle, together with the area of Northport to the north of the River Piddle, and a relatively small amount of the surrounding rural area. The parish has an area of {{convert|6.52|km2|2|abbr=off}}.<ref name="mapdat">{{Cite book |title=OS Explorer Map OL15 - Purbeck & South Dorset |publisher=[[Ordnance Survey]] |year=2006 |isbn=978-0-319-23865-3}}</ref><ref name=parsta>{{Cite web |date=11 January 2007 |title=Parish Statistics |url=http://www.purbeck.gov.uk/pdf/Parish%20Statistics1.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927050126/http://www.purbeck.gov.uk/pdf/Parish%20Statistics1.pdf <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date=27 September 2007 |access-date=12 August 2007 |publisher=Purbeck District Council}}</ref>


The sister civil parish of [[Wareham St. Martin]] covers much of the rural area to the north of Wareham, including the village of [[Sandford, Dorset|Sandford]]. Taken together the two Wareham parishes have an area of {{convert|36.18|km2|2|abbr=off}}, with a 2011 population of 8,270 in 3,788 dwellings.
The sister civil parish of [[Wareham St. Martin]] covers much of the rural area to the north of Wareham, including the village of [[Sandford, Dorset|Sandford]]. Taken together the two Wareham parishes have an area of {{convert|36.18|km2|2|abbr=off}}, with a 2011 population of 8,270 in 3,788 dwellings.


Both parishes form part of the [[Dorset (unitary authority)|Dorset]] [[Unitary authorities of England|unitary authority]] within the [[Ceremonial counties of England|ceremonial county]] of [[Dorset]] of which it forms the [[Wareham (ward)|Wareham ward]]. They are within the [[Mid Dorset and North Poole (UK Parliament constituency)|Mid Dorset and North Poole]] constituency of the [[House of Commons of the United Kingdom|House of Commons]]. Until 31 January 2020, they were also within the [[South West England (European Parliament constituency)|South West England]] constituency of the [[European Parliament]].<ref name="mapdat"/> Prior to 2019, Wareham was also part of the Purbeck District of Dorset, before it was merged with other districts to the Dorset Unitary Authority.
Both parishes form part of the [[Dorset (unitary authority)|Dorset]] [[Unitary authorities of England|unitary authority]] within the [[Ceremonial counties of England|ceremonial county]] of [[Dorset]] of which it forms the [[Wareham (ward)|Wareham ward]]. They are within the [[Mid Dorset and North Poole (UK Parliament constituency)|Mid Dorset and North Poole]] constituency of the [[House of Commons of the United Kingdom|House of Commons]]. Until 31 January 2020, they were also within the [[South West England (European Parliament constituency)|South West England]] constituency of the [[European Parliament]].<ref name="mapdat" /> Prior to 2019, Wareham was also part of the Purbeck District of Dorset, before it was merged with other districts to the Dorset Unitary Authority.

==Culture and Media==
[[File:Town Hall and Museum, Wareham - geograph.org.uk - 1443849.jpg|thumb|[[Wareham Town Hall]]]]
Wareham is [[Twin towns and sister cities|twinned]] with [[Conches-en-Ouche]] in [[Normandy]], [[France]] and with [[Hemsbach]] in [[Germany]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dorset Twinning Association |url=http://www.twinning.org.uk/main.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120621101744/http://www.twinning.org.uk/main.htm |archive-date=21 June 2012 |access-date=26 November 2010 |publisher=Dorset Twinning Association}}</ref>
Since the 16th century Wareham has been a [[market town]],<ref>{{Cite web |last=Letters, Samantha |date=18 June 2003 |title=Gazetteer of Markets and Fairs to 1516: Dorset |url=http://www.history.ac.uk/cmh/gaz/dorset.html#War |publisher=Centre for Metropolitan History (Institute of Historical Research, School of Advanced Study, University of London}}</ref> and still holds a market on Thursdays and Saturdays. In 2005 Wareham was named as a [[Fairtrade Town]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Fairtrade - Towns List |url=http://www.fairtrade.org.uk/get_involved/campaigns/fairtrade_towns/towns_list.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100201233239/http://www.fairtrade.org.uk/get_involved/campaigns/fairtrade_towns/towns_list.aspx |archive-date=1 February 2010 |access-date=26 November 2010 |publisher=Fairtrade Foundation |df=dmy-all}}</ref>

Events held in the town include the annual carnival which takes place in July with a parade, fireworks and music by the Quay.<ref name="wtcabout">{{Cite web |title=About Wareham |url=http://www.wareham-tc.gov.uk/WTC_pages/wtc_about.htm |access-date=26 November 2010 |publisher=Wareham Town Council}}</ref> A new event is the music festival held in summer, with bands playing on the Quay, at [[Wareham Town Hall]] and in the town's pubs.<ref name="wtcabout" /> The Wareham Court Leet, one of the few remaining [[Court Leet]]s in Britain, meets nightly during the last week in November.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Terry Holland |title=Duties of the Court Leet |url=http://www.precisionproductions.com/courtleet/node/7 |access-date=14 November 2010}}</ref>

In the church of St Martin-on-the-Walls, there is a recumbent effigy of [[T. E. Lawrence]] (Lawrence of Arabia) in [[Arab]] clothing, sculpted by [[Eric Kennington]]. Lawrence is buried at [[Moreton, Dorset|Moreton Churchyard]] where every year a quantity (decreases by one each year) of red roses are left. Near the town is [[Clouds Hill]] and [[Bovington]] army camp where Lawrence died after a motorbike accident. [[Wareham Town Museum]], in East Street, has an interesting section on Lawrence and in 2006 produced an hour-long DVD entitled ''T. E. Lawrence — His Final Years in Dorset'', including a reconstruction of the fatal accident. The museum also contains many artefacts on all aspects of the history of the town.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Richards |first=Alexandra |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=j2whY8qR-uIC |title=Slow Dorset: Local, Characterful Guides to Britain's Special Places |date=15 April 2012 |publisher=Bradt Travel Guides |isbn=9781841623931 |page=162 |language=en}}</ref>

The [[Royal Air Force Air Cadets]] has an [[Air Training Corps]] squadron based in the town, namely [[List of Air Training Corps squadrons|2185 (Wareham) Squadron ATC]]. The squadron's cadets regularly partake in activities around the town for charitable purposes such as supporting the carnival, training exercises and parades. The squadron has a [[List of Air Training Corps squadrons|Detached Flight]] based at [[Swanage]].

Local news and television programmes is provided by [[BBC South]] and [[ITV Meridian]]. Television signals are received from the [[Rowridge transmitting station|Rowridge]] TV transmitter. <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 May 2004 |title=Full Freeview on the Rowridge (Isle Of Wight, England) transmitter |url=https://ukfree.tv/transmitters/tv/Rowridge |access-date=25 September 2023 |website=UK Free TV}}</ref>

The local radio stations are [[BBC Radio Solent]], [[Heart South]], [[Greatest Hits Radio South]], [[Nation Radio South Coast]] and [[Wave 105]].

The Wareham Advertiser is the town's local weekly newspaper.<ref>{{Cite web |date=5 February 2014 |title=The Swanage and Wareham Advertiser |url=https://www.britishpapers.co.uk/england-sw/swanage-advertiser/ |access-date=25 September 2023 |website=British Papers}}</ref>

===Cultural references===
[[Thomas Hardy]] in his novels based the town of "Anglebury" on Wareham.<ref>{{Cite journal |year=2001 |title=The Thomas Hardy journal |publisher=Thomas Hardy Society |volume=17-18 |page=45}}</ref> [[Dinah Craik]] used the town as one of the settings in her novel ''Agatha's Husband'' (as "Kingcombe").<ref>{{harvnb|Davis|1997|p=51}}</ref> Anglebury House - a tea house/restaurant still operating on the high street - was frequented by [[T E Lawrence]]. The seat where Lawrence regularly sat is marked by a plaque.<ref>{{Cite web |title=T E Lawrence - Lawrence of Arabia |url=http://www.dorsets.co.uk/history/lawrence_of_arabia.htm |access-date=22 June 2012 |publisher=Dorset Guide}}</ref>

Wareham is the setting for one of the "Amazing Adventures of Scary Bones the Skeleton" series of books for children by [[Ron Dawson]], ''Scary Bones meets the Wacky Witches of Wareham''. The book also includes a photograph of the town bridge and nearby Corfe Castle which also features in the story.

Some scenes from the 2002 German [[ZDF]] TV production ''Morgen Träumen Wir Gemeinsam'' ("Tomorrow We Dream Together") were filmed in Wareham.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Film & TV Productions Shot On Location In The South-Central Region |url=http://www.south-central-media.co.uk/chrono_list.htm}}</ref>

The hymn tune "Wareham" was composed by William Knapp (born at Wareham, 1698–9); Knapp composed several other hymn tunes and was parish clerk of Poole.<ref>Rowe, Lionel (c. 1960) ''The Churches of Wareham, Dorset''; 9th ed. Gloucester: British Publishing Company; p. 19</ref>

Wareham appears in the 2020 video game [[Assassin's Creed Valhalla]], under the name of Werham.

===Sport===
Wareham is the home of Wareham Rangers Football Club who currently play in the [[Dorset Premier League]].
It is also the home of Swanage and Wareham RFU.
There is a multi activity sports centre and swimming pool situated 500 metres west of the town centre.

==Twin towns==
{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in the United Kingdom}}
Wareham is [[Twin towns and sister cities|twinned]] with:
*{{flagicon|FRA}} [[Conches-en-Ouche]], France<ref name="Archant twinning 3">{{Cite web |title=British towns twinned with French towns ''[via WaybackMachine.com]'' |url=http://www.completefrance.com/language-culture/twin-towns |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130705094933/http://www.completefrance.com/language-culture/twin-towns |archive-date=5 July 2013 |access-date=20 July 2013 |website=Archant Community Media Ltd}}</ref>
*{{flagicon|GER}} [[Hemsbach]], Germany

==Notable people==
*[[John Hutchins (historian)|John Hutchins]] - Rector of Wareham, 1743–73; Author of ''The History & Antiquities of the County of Dorset''. Lived in Wareham from 1744 until his death in 1773. Buried in the town at the church of Lady St. Mary.<ref>{{Cite web |title=REV. JOHN HUTCHINS – The History and Antiquities of the County of Dorset |url=http://www.opcdorset.org/WarehamFiles/WarehamHutchins.htm |access-date=23 December 2010 |publisher=Dorset OPC}}</ref>
*[[Edwin Keppel Bennett]] - Writer, poet, Germanist and academic. Born in Wareham in 1887.
*[[Shelley Preston]] - British singer and member of pop group [[Bucks Fizz]] grew up in Wareham and attended [[The Purbeck School]].
*[[T. E. Lawrence]] lived at nearby [[Clouds Hill]] and was a frequent visitor to the town in the latter years of his life.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Ryan, Robert |date=6 April 2008 |title=Dorset according to TE Lawrence |url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/travel/destinations/england/article3681258.ece |access-date=23 December 2010 |work=The Sunday Times |location=London}}</ref>
*[[David Mellor]] - British politician, born in Wareham in 1949.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Hough, Andrew |date=10 June 2010 |title=David Mellor: a profile |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/tvandradio/7816112/David-Mellor-a-profile.html |access-date=23 December 2010 |work=The Telegraph |location=London}}</ref>
*Actor [[Edward Fox (actor)|Edward Fox]] lives locally and in 2010 campaigned against the building of a supermarket on the outskirts of the town.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Fox, Edward |date=10 October 2010 |title=Edward Fox: how I helped save Wareham from the supermarkets |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/comment/personal-view/8052688/Edward-Fox-how-I-helped-save-Wareham-from-the-supermarkets.html |access-date=24 December 2010 |work=The Telegraph |location=London}}</ref>
* [[Chad Gould]] lived here throughout his childhood.
*Ex-footballer [[David Best (footballer)]] was born in Wareham. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Where Are They Now? &#124; Footballers &#124; David Best |url=https://www.where-are-they-now.co.uk/footballer/BEST+David/2123}}</ref>


==Demography==
==Demography==
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="line-height: 1.1em; border:1px #000000;" cellspacing="0" align="right" style="margin-left: 0em; text-align:right;"
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="line-height: 1.1em; border:1px #000000;" cellspacing="0" align="right" style="margin-left: 0em; text-align:right;"
! Religion
! Religion
! %<ref name="census2001keyfigures"/>
! %<ref name="census2001keyfigures" />
|- style="line-height: 1.1em"
|- style="line-height: 1.1em"
|align=left |[[Buddhism|Buddhist]]
|align=left |[[Buddhism|Buddhist]]
Line 98: Line 150:


{|class="toc" align=right border=1 style="border-collapse: collapse; margin-right: 10pt; margin-top: 1em"
{|class="toc" align=right border=1 style="border-collapse: collapse; margin-right: 10pt; margin-top: 1em"
!Age!!Percentage<ref name="dcc_census_profile2005"/>
!Age!!Percentage<ref name="dcc_census_profile2005" />
|-
|-
||0–15||align=right|15.4
||0–15||align=right|15.4
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{|class="toc" align=right border=1 style="border-collapse: collapse; margin-right: 10pt; margin-top: 1em; margin-left: 1em; margin-bottom: 2em"
{|class="toc" align=right border=1 style="border-collapse: collapse; margin-right: 10pt; margin-top: 1em; margin-left: 1em; margin-bottom: 2em"
!Year!!Population<ref name=dorsetdatabook>{{cite web | title = Wareham Keyfacts | url = http://www.dorsetforyou.com/media.jsp?mediaid=154837&filetype=pdf | publisher = Dorset For You Partnership | access-date = 10 January 2011}}</ref>
!Year!!Population<ref name="dorsetdatabook">{{Cite web |title=Wareham Keyfacts |url=http://www.dorsetforyou.com/media.jsp?mediaid=154837&filetype=pdf |access-date=10 January 2011 |publisher=Dorset For You Partnership}}</ref>
|-
|-
||1921||align=right|1,930
||1921||align=right|1,930
Line 131: Line 183:
|}
|}


The population of Wareham according to the [[2001 UK Census]] was 5,665<ref name="census2001keyfigures">{{cite web | url=http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadKeyFigures.do?a=7&b=6178271&c=wareham&d=14&e=16&g=438873&i=1001x1003x1004&o=1&m=0&r=1&s=1289948608873&enc=1 | title=Key Figures for 2001 Census: Census Area Statistics Information on 2001 Census: Census Area Statistics | publisher=[[Office for National Statistics]] | year=2001 | access-date = 16 November 2010}}</ref> living in 2,545 dwellings.<ref name="dcc_census_profile2005">{{cite web | url=http://www.dorsetforyou.com/media.jsp?mediaid=107928&filetype=pdf | title=Wareham Census Town Profile | publisher=Dorset County Council | year=2005 | access-date = 16 November 2010}}</ref> 99% of Wareham's population are of White ethnicity.<ref name="dcc_census_profile2005"/> 80.33% of the population state their religion as [[Christians|Christian]], 12.24% as "No religion" with 6.59% not stated.<ref name="census2001keyfigures"/> There is a high proportion of older people in the town: 29.4% of the population are over 60 years old, against a national average of 21%.<ref name="dcc_census_profile2005"/> The largest industry of employment for those who live in Wareham is manufacturing which employs 16.3%. Three other significant areas of employment are: wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles (13.5%), real estate renting and business activities (12.2%) and health and social work (10.5%).<ref name="dcc_census_profile2005"/>
The population of Wareham according to the [[2001 UK Census]] was 5,665<ref name="census2001keyfigures">{{Cite web |year=2001 |title=Key Figures for 2001 Census: Census Area Statistics Information on 2001 Census: Census Area Statistics |url=http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadKeyFigures.do?a=7&b=6178271&c=wareham&d=14&e=16&g=438873&i=1001x1003x1004&o=1&m=0&r=1&s=1289948608873&enc=1 |access-date=16 November 2010 |publisher=[[Office for National Statistics]]}}</ref> living in 2,545 dwellings.<ref name="dcc_census_profile2005">{{Cite web |year=2005 |title=Wareham Census Town Profile |url=http://www.dorsetforyou.com/media.jsp?mediaid=107928&filetype=pdf |access-date=16 November 2010 |publisher=Dorset County Council}}</ref> 99% of Wareham's population are of White ethnicity.<ref name="dcc_census_profile2005" /> 80.33% of the population state their religion as [[Christians|Christian]], 12.24% as "No religion" with 6.59% not stated.<ref name="census2001keyfigures" /> There is a high proportion of older people in the town: 29.4% of the population are over 60 years old, against a national average of 21%.<ref name="dcc_census_profile2005" /> The largest industry of employment for those who live in Wareham is manufacturing which employs 16.3%. Three other significant areas of employment are: wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles (13.5%), real estate renting and business activities (12.2%) and health and social work (10.5%).<ref name="dcc_census_profile2005" />


{{clear left}}
==Culture and Media==
[[File:Town Hall and Museum, Wareham - geograph.org.uk - 1443849.jpg|thumb|[[Wareham Town Hall]]]]
Wareham is [[Twin towns and sister cities|twinned]] with [[Conches-en-Ouche]] in [[Normandy]], [[France]] and with [[Hemsbach]] in [[Germany]].<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.twinning.org.uk/main.htm | title=Dorset Twinning Association | publisher=Dorset Twinning Association | access-date=26 November 2010 | archive-date=21 June 2012 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120621101744/http://www.twinning.org.uk/main.htm | url-status=dead }}</ref>
Since the 16th century Wareham has been a [[market town]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.history.ac.uk/cmh/gaz/dorset.html#War|title=Gazetteer of Markets and Fairs to 1516: Dorset|author=Letters, Samantha|publisher=Centre for Metropolitan History (Institute of Historical Research, School of Advanced Study, University of London|date=18 June 2003}}</ref> and still holds a market on Thursdays and Saturdays. In 2005 Wareham was named as a [[Fairtrade Town]].<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.fairtrade.org.uk/get_involved/campaigns/fairtrade_towns/towns_list.aspx | title=Fairtrade - Towns List | publisher=Fairtrade Foundation | access-date=26 November 2010 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100201233239/http://www.fairtrade.org.uk/get_involved/campaigns/fairtrade_towns/towns_list.aspx | archive-date=1 February 2010 | df=dmy-all }}</ref>

Events held in the town include the annual carnival which takes place in July with a parade, fireworks and music by the Quay.<ref name="wtcabout">{{cite web | url=http://www.wareham-tc.gov.uk/WTC_pages/wtc_about.htm | title=About Wareham | publisher=Wareham Town Council | access-date=26 November 2010}}</ref> A new event is the music festival held in summer, with bands playing on the Quay, at [[Wareham Town Hall]] and in the town's pubs.<ref name="wtcabout"/> The Wareham Court Leet, one of the few remaining [[Court Leet]]s in Britain, meets nightly during the last week in November.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.precisionproductions.com/courtleet/node/7 | title=Duties of the Court Leet | author=Terry Holland | access-date=14 November 2010}}</ref>

In the church of St Martin-on-the-Walls, there is a recumbent effigy of [[T. E. Lawrence]] (Lawrence of Arabia) in [[Arab]] clothing, sculpted by [[Eric Kennington]]. Lawrence is buried at [[Moreton, Dorset|Moreton Churchyard]] where every year a quantity (decreases by one each year) of red roses are left. Near the town is [[Clouds Hill]] and [[Bovington]] army camp where Lawrence died after a motorbike accident. [[Wareham Town Museum]], in East Street, has an interesting section on Lawrence and in 2006 produced an hour-long DVD entitled ''T. E. Lawrence — His Final Years in Dorset'', including a reconstruction of the fatal accident. The museum also contains many artefacts on all aspects of the history of the town.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Richards|first1=Alexandra|title=Slow Dorset: Local, Characterful Guides to Britain's Special Places|date=15 April 2012|publisher=Bradt Travel Guides|isbn=9781841623931|page=162|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=j2whY8qR-uIC|language=en}}</ref>

The [[Royal Air Force Air Cadets]] has an [[Air Training Corps]] squadron based in the town, namely [[List of Air Training Corps squadrons|2185 (Wareham) Squadron ATC]]. The squadron's cadets regularly partake in activities around the town for charitable purposes such as supporting the carnival, training exercises and parades. The squadron has a [[List of Air Training Corps squadrons|Detached Flight]] based at [[Swanage]].

Local news and television programmes is provided by [[BBC South]] and [[ITV Meridian]]. Television signals are received from the [[Rowridge transmitting station|Rowridge]] TV transmitter. <ref>{{cite web|url=https://ukfree.tv/transmitters/tv/Rowridge|title=Full Freeview on the Rowridge (Isle Of Wight, England) transmitter|date=1 May 2004|website=UK Free TV|accessdate=25 September 2023}}</ref>

The local radio stations are [[BBC Radio Solent]], [[Heart South]], [[Greatest Hits Radio South]], [[Nation Radio South Coast]] and [[Wave 105]].

The Wareham Advertiser is the town's local weekly newspaper.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.britishpapers.co.uk/england-sw/swanage-advertiser/|title= The Swanage and Wareham Advertiser|date=5 February 2014|website=British Papers|accessdate=25 September 2023}}</ref>

===Cultural references===
[[Thomas Hardy]] in his novels based the town of "Anglebury" on Wareham.<ref>{{cite journal|title=The Thomas Hardy journal|volume=17-18|page=45|publisher=Thomas Hardy Society|year=2001}}</ref> [[Dinah Craik]] used the town as one of the settings in her novel ''Agatha's Husband'' (as "Kingcombe").<ref>{{harvnb|Davis|1997|p=51}}</ref> Anglebury House - a tea house/restaurant still operating on the high street - was frequented by [[T E Lawrence]]. The seat where Lawrence regularly sat is marked by a plaque.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dorsets.co.uk/history/lawrence_of_arabia.htm|title=T E Lawrence - Lawrence of Arabia|publisher=Dorset Guide|access-date=22 June 2012}}</ref>

Wareham is the setting for one of the "Amazing Adventures of Scary Bones the Skeleton" series of books for children by [[Ron Dawson]], ''Scary Bones meets the Wacky Witches of Wareham''. The book also includes a photograph of the town bridge and nearby Corfe Castle which also features in the story.

Some scenes from the 2002 German [[ZDF]] TV production ''Morgen Träumen Wir Gemeinsam'' ("Tomorrow We Dream Together") were filmed in Wareham.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.south-central-media.co.uk/chrono_list.htm|title=Film & TV Productions Shot On Location In The South-Central Region}}</ref>

The hymn tune "Wareham" was composed by William Knapp (born at Wareham, 1698–9); Knapp composed several other hymn tunes and was parish clerk of Poole.<ref>Rowe, Lionel (c. 1960) ''The Churches of Wareham, Dorset''; 9th ed. Gloucester: British Publishing Company; p. 19</ref>

Wareham appears in the 2020 video game [[Assassin's Creed Valhalla]], under the name of Werham.

===Sport===
Wareham is the home of Wareham Rangers Football Club who currently play in the [[Dorset Premier League]].
It is also the home of Swanage and Wareham RFU.
There is a multi activity sports centre and swimming pool situated 500 metres west of the town centre.

==Twin towns==
{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in the United Kingdom}}
Wareham is [[Twin towns and sister cities|twinned]] with:
*{{flagicon|FRA}} [[Conches-en-Ouche]], France<ref name="Archant twinning 3">{{cite web|url=http://www.completefrance.com/language-culture/twin-towns|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130705094933/http://www.completefrance.com/language-culture/twin-towns|title=British towns twinned with French towns ''[via WaybackMachine.com]''|access-date=20 July 2013|archive-date=5 July 2013|work=Archant Community Media Ltd}}</ref>
*{{flagicon|GER}} [[Hemsbach]], Germany

==Notable people==
*[[John Hutchins (historian)|John Hutchins]] - Rector of Wareham, 1743–73; Author of ''The History & Antiquities of the County of Dorset''. Lived in Wareham from 1744 until his death in 1773. Buried in the town at the church of Lady St. Mary.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.opcdorset.org/WarehamFiles/WarehamHutchins.htm|title=REV. JOHN HUTCHINS – The History and Antiquities of the County of Dorset|publisher=Dorset OPC|access-date=23 December 2010}}</ref>
*[[Edwin Keppel Bennett]] - Writer, poet, Germanist and academic. Born in Wareham in 1887.
*[[Shelley Preston]] - British singer and member of pop group [[Bucks Fizz]] grew up in Wareham and attended [[The Purbeck School]].
*[[T. E. Lawrence]] lived at nearby [[Clouds Hill]] and was a frequent visitor to the town in the latter years of his life.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/travel/destinations/england/article3681258.ece|title=Dorset according to TE Lawrence|work=The Sunday Times|author=Ryan, Robert|date=6 April 2008|access-date=23 December 2010|location=London}}</ref>
*[[David Mellor]] - British politician, born in Wareham in 1949.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/tvandradio/7816112/David-Mellor-a-profile.html|title=David Mellor: a profile|author=Hough, Andrew|work=The Telegraph|date=10 June 2010|access-date=23 December 2010|location=London}}</ref>
*Actor [[Edward Fox (actor)|Edward Fox]] lives locally and in 2010 campaigned against the building of a supermarket on the outskirts of the town.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/comment/personal-view/8052688/Edward-Fox-how-I-helped-save-Wareham-from-the-supermarkets.html|author=Fox, Edward|title=Edward Fox: how I helped save Wareham from the supermarkets|date=10 October 2010|work=The Telegraph|access-date=24 December 2010|location=London}}</ref>
* [[Chad Gould]] lived here throughout his childhood.
*Ex-footballer [[David Best (footballer)]] was born in Wareham. <ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.where-are-they-now.co.uk/footballer/BEST+David/2123 | title=Where Are They Now? &#124; Footballers &#124; David Best }}</ref>


==See also==
==See also==
Line 191: Line 196:
=== Sources ===
=== Sources ===
{{refbegin}}
{{refbegin}}
* {{cite book | title = Dorset | last = Pitt Rivers | first = Michael | year = 1970 | publisher= [[Faber & Faber]] | location = London }}
* {{Cite book |last=Pitt Rivers |first=Michael |title=Dorset |publisher=[[Faber & Faber]] |year=1970 |location=London}}
* {{cite book | last = Davis | first = Terence | edition = 2nd | year = 1997 | title = Wareham Gateway to Purbeck | publisher = dpc | isbn = 0-948699-62-0 }}
* {{Cite book |last=Davis |first=Terence |title=Wareham Gateway to Purbeck |publisher=dpc |year=1997 |isbn=0-948699-62-0 |edition=2nd}}
* {{cite book | title = Explore Wareham | first = Lilian | last = Ladle | year = 1986 | publisher = Lady St. Mary Parochial Church Council | isbn = 0-9511365-0-X }}
* {{Cite book |last=Ladle |first=Lilian |title=Explore Wareham |publisher=Lady St. Mary Parochial Church Council |year=1986 |isbn=0-9511365-0-X}}
{{refend}}
{{refend}}


Revision as of 07:41, 6 June 2024

Wareham
Wareham Quay
Coat of Arms of Wareham
Wareham is located in Dorset
Wareham
Wareham
Location within Dorset
Population5,496 (Town parish)
8,270 (both parishes)
OS grid referenceSY923873
Civil parish
  • Wareham Town
Unitary authority
Ceremonial county
Region
CountryEngland
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Post townWAREHAM
Postcode districtBH20
Dialling code01929
PoliceDorset
FireDorset and Wiltshire
AmbulanceSouth Western
UK Parliament
List of places
UK
England
Dorset
50°41′10″N 2°06′36″W / 50.686°N 2.1099°W / 50.686; -2.1099

Wareham (/ˈwɛərəm/ WAIR-əm) is a historic market town and, under the name Wareham Town, a civil parish, in the English county of Dorset. The town is situated on the River Frome eight miles (13 km) southwest of Poole.

Situation and geography

The town is built on a strategic dry point between the River Frome and the River Piddle at the head of the Wareham Channel of Poole Harbour. The Frome Valley runs through an area of unresistant sand, clay and gravel rocks, and much of its valley has wide flood plains and marsh land. At its estuary the river has formed the wide shallow ria of Poole Harbour. Wareham is built on a low dry island between the marshy river plains.

River Frome

The town is situated on the A351 Lytchett Minster-Swanage road, linking Wareham with the A35 and A31 roads and the M27 motorway. Wareham is also the eastern terminus of the A352 road to Dorchester and Sherborne, both roads now bypassing the town centre. The town has a station on the South West Main Line railway, and was formerly the junction station for services along the branch line to Swanage, now preserved as the Swanage Railway. The steam railway has ambitions to extend its service, currently from Swanage to Norden, near Corfe Castle back to Worgret Junction (where the mainline and branch divided) and into Wareham again.

To the north west of the town a large conifer plantation, Wareham Forest stretches several miles to the A35 road and the southern foothills of the Dorset Downs. To the south east is Corfe Castle and the heathland that borders Poole Harbour, including Wytch Farm oil field and Studland & Godlingstone Heath Nature Reserve. About four miles (7 km) to the south is a chalk ridge, the Purbeck Hills which faces the Isle of Wight to the east, and eight miles (12 km) to the south is the English Channel.

History

The town's strategic setting has made it an important settlement throughout its long history. Excavations at the nearby Bestwall site have produced evidence of transient early Mesolithic activity dating to around 9000 BCE. At the same site four large Neolithic pits containing worked flint and pottery fragments dating to 3700 BCE were found. Three green stone axeheads discovered also probably date to this period. Flint working and potting continued throughout the Bronze Age. The first house discovered dates to the mid 15th century BCE.[1]

"Bloody Bank" is the high point in the distance, on West Walls

Archaeological evidence exists of a small Roman settlement, though the current town was founded by the Saxons.[2] The Roman name is unknown, but the town is referred to as Werham in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle entry of 784, from Old English wer (meaning 'fish trap, a weir') and hām ('homestead') or hamm ('enclosure hemmed in by water').[3]

Lady St. Mary Church

The town's oldest features are the town walls, ancient earth ramparts surrounding the town, likely built by Alfred the Great in the 9th century to defend the town from the Danes[4] as part of his system of burh towns. The Danes invaded and occupied Wareham in 876, and only left after Alfred returned with an army and made a payment of Danegeld. In 998 they attacked again, and in 1015 an invasion led by King Canute left the town in ruins.[5][6] The town was a Saxon royal burial place, notably that of King Beorhtric (d. 802). Also in the town at the ancient minster church of Lady St. Mary is the coffin said to be that of Edward the Martyr, dating from 978. His remains had been hastily buried there and were later taken from Wareham to Shaftesbury Abbey in north Dorset (and now lie in Brookwood Cemetery, Surrey).

By the end of the Saxon period, Wareham had become one of the most important towns in the county, to the extent that it housed two mints for the issue of Royal money.[7] The Burghal Hidage lists the town as 1,600 hides, the third largest in the realm.[4] During the Norman conquest of England, in late 1067, William I harried the town as his army passed into the west to lay siege to Exeter.[8] The Normans later built a castle on the banks of the River Frome, at a site acquired from the Abbot of Shaftesbury and now known as Castle Close, which became the focus of much fighting between the forces of Stephen and Matilda during the period of civil war in the mid 12th century.[9][10] The keep was destroyed at an unknown date in the 12th or 13th century, possibly under the terms of the Treaty of Wallingford,[11] and no visible trace remains. Up until this time Wareham had been an important port; however the growth of Poole and the gradual silting of the river caused a decline in trade and by the end of the 13th century most of the foreign trade had transferred to Poole. Local trade continued to be handled at the Quay until the construction of the railway in the 19th century.[7][12]

During the English Civil War, Wareham changed hands several times between the Royalists and Parliamentarians and in August 1644 was the site of a fierce battle with 2,000 Cromwellian soldiers besieging the town.[13]

After the Monmouth Rebellion of 1685, Wareham was one of a number of towns in Dorset where Judge Jeffreys held the Bloody Assizes, with five rebels being hanged, drawn and quartered on the West Walls, an area known as 'Bloody Bank'.[14][15] This may also have been the site of the execution of a hermit known as Peter de Pomfret who in 1213 had prophesied that before the next Ascension Day King John's rule would be over. The prophecy turned out to be incorrect, and the King decreed that Peter should be dragged through the streets of the town tied to a horse's tail and hanged together with his son.[14]

In 1762, a fire destroyed two thirds of the town, which has been rebuilt in Georgian architecture with red brick and Purbeck limestone, following the earlier street pattern. The town is divided into four quarters by the two main roads, which cross at right-angles. The medieval almshouses escaped the fire, and some of the Georgian façades are in fact disguising earlier buildings which also survived.

With the outbreak of the First World War in 1914, Wareham became a garrison town with up to 7,000 soldiers living and training locally. The camp was re-located to nearby Bovington in 1922.[16] The town survived the Second World War largely intact, although five houses were destroyed when a bomb dropped by a German aeroplane fell near St Martin's Church in 1942.[17]

Because of the constraints of the rivers and marshland Wareham grew little during the 20th century, while nearby towns, such as Poole, grew rapidly.

Religious sites

St Martin's Church, Wareham

Wareham contains several places of worship with the oldest being the Saxon churches of Lady St. Mary (substantially modified but the origins are pre-conquest.[18] The Saxon nave was demolished in 1841–2) and St. Martins-on-the-Walls (built c.1030, dedicated to Martin of Tours). Both are Anglican. The 14th-century building of Holy Trinity Church stands on the site of the Saxon chapel St Andrew's[5] and was until 2012 a tourist information centre. Other churches are the Wareham United Reformed Church in Church Street, St. Edward the Martyr Roman Catholic church on Shatters Hill, Wareham Methodist Church in North St. and the Evangelical Church in Ropers Lane. Sections of the churchyard of Lady St. Mary are managed by the Commonwealth War Graves Commission, containing as it does a number of graves of servicemen who died in a nearby military hospital during the First World War and others, including those of German and Polish servicemen, from the Second World War.

Government

North St.

The civil parish of Wareham Town encompasses the walled town of Wareham, situated on the land between the rivers Frome and Piddle, together with the area of Northport to the north of the River Piddle, and a relatively small amount of the surrounding rural area. The parish has an area of 6.52 square kilometres (2.52 square miles).[19][20]

The sister civil parish of Wareham St. Martin covers much of the rural area to the north of Wareham, including the village of Sandford. Taken together the two Wareham parishes have an area of 36.18 square kilometres (13.97 square miles), with a 2011 population of 8,270 in 3,788 dwellings.

Both parishes form part of the Dorset unitary authority within the ceremonial county of Dorset of which it forms the Wareham ward. They are within the Mid Dorset and North Poole constituency of the House of Commons. Until 31 January 2020, they were also within the South West England constituency of the European Parliament.[19] Prior to 2019, Wareham was also part of the Purbeck District of Dorset, before it was merged with other districts to the Dorset Unitary Authority.

Culture and Media

Wareham Town Hall

Wareham is twinned with Conches-en-Ouche in Normandy, France and with Hemsbach in Germany.[21] Since the 16th century Wareham has been a market town,[22] and still holds a market on Thursdays and Saturdays. In 2005 Wareham was named as a Fairtrade Town.[23]

Events held in the town include the annual carnival which takes place in July with a parade, fireworks and music by the Quay.[24] A new event is the music festival held in summer, with bands playing on the Quay, at Wareham Town Hall and in the town's pubs.[24] The Wareham Court Leet, one of the few remaining Court Leets in Britain, meets nightly during the last week in November.[25]

In the church of St Martin-on-the-Walls, there is a recumbent effigy of T. E. Lawrence (Lawrence of Arabia) in Arab clothing, sculpted by Eric Kennington. Lawrence is buried at Moreton Churchyard where every year a quantity (decreases by one each year) of red roses are left. Near the town is Clouds Hill and Bovington army camp where Lawrence died after a motorbike accident. Wareham Town Museum, in East Street, has an interesting section on Lawrence and in 2006 produced an hour-long DVD entitled T. E. Lawrence — His Final Years in Dorset, including a reconstruction of the fatal accident. The museum also contains many artefacts on all aspects of the history of the town.[26]

The Royal Air Force Air Cadets has an Air Training Corps squadron based in the town, namely 2185 (Wareham) Squadron ATC. The squadron's cadets regularly partake in activities around the town for charitable purposes such as supporting the carnival, training exercises and parades. The squadron has a Detached Flight based at Swanage.

Local news and television programmes is provided by BBC South and ITV Meridian. Television signals are received from the Rowridge TV transmitter. [27]

The local radio stations are BBC Radio Solent, Heart South, Greatest Hits Radio South, Nation Radio South Coast and Wave 105.

The Wareham Advertiser is the town's local weekly newspaper.[28]

Cultural references

Thomas Hardy in his novels based the town of "Anglebury" on Wareham.[29] Dinah Craik used the town as one of the settings in her novel Agatha's Husband (as "Kingcombe").[30] Anglebury House - a tea house/restaurant still operating on the high street - was frequented by T E Lawrence. The seat where Lawrence regularly sat is marked by a plaque.[31]

Wareham is the setting for one of the "Amazing Adventures of Scary Bones the Skeleton" series of books for children by Ron Dawson, Scary Bones meets the Wacky Witches of Wareham. The book also includes a photograph of the town bridge and nearby Corfe Castle which also features in the story.

Some scenes from the 2002 German ZDF TV production Morgen Träumen Wir Gemeinsam ("Tomorrow We Dream Together") were filmed in Wareham.[32]

The hymn tune "Wareham" was composed by William Knapp (born at Wareham, 1698–9); Knapp composed several other hymn tunes and was parish clerk of Poole.[33]

Wareham appears in the 2020 video game Assassin's Creed Valhalla, under the name of Werham.

Sport

Wareham is the home of Wareham Rangers Football Club who currently play in the Dorset Premier League. It is also the home of Swanage and Wareham RFU. There is a multi activity sports centre and swimming pool situated 500 metres west of the town centre.

Twin towns

See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in the United Kingdom

Wareham is twinned with:

Notable people

Demography

Religion %[40]
Buddhist 0.21
Christian 80.33
Hindu 0.0
Jewish 0.07
Muslim 0.32
No religion 12.24
Other 0.25
Sikh 0.0
Not stated 6.59
Age Percentage[41]
0–15 15.4
16–17 2.5
18–44 29.3
45–59 23.4
60–84 26.4
85+ 3.0
Year Population[42]
1921 1,930
1951 2,750
1971 4,370
1981 4,580
1991 5,620
2001 5,680
2009 5,640

The population of Wareham according to the 2001 UK Census was 5,665[40] living in 2,545 dwellings.[41] 99% of Wareham's population are of White ethnicity.[41] 80.33% of the population state their religion as Christian, 12.24% as "No religion" with 6.59% not stated.[40] There is a high proportion of older people in the town: 29.4% of the population are over 60 years old, against a national average of 21%.[41] The largest industry of employment for those who live in Wareham is manufacturing which employs 16.3%. Three other significant areas of employment are: wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles (13.5%), real estate renting and business activities (12.2%) and health and social work (10.5%).[41]

See also

Wareham travel guide from Wikivoyage

References

Citations

  1. ^ Ladle, Lilian; Woodward, Ann (November–December 2010). "Bestwall Quarry". British Archaeology (115). Retrieved 9 January 2011.
  2. ^ Davis 1997, p. 9
  3. ^ Hill, David; Rumble, Alexander R. (1996). The defence of Wessex: the Burghal Hidage and Anglo-Saxon fortifications. Manchester University Press. pp. 107–108. ISBN 0-7190-3218-0.
  4. ^ a b Davis 1997, p. 14
  5. ^ a b Davis 1997, p. 15
  6. ^ A Freeman. The History Of Norman Conquest Of England Volum One.
  7. ^ a b "DTC Wareham History". Wareham Town Council. Archived from the original on 7 January 2011. Retrieved 14 November 2010.
  8. ^ A Freeman. The History Of Norman Conquest Of England Volum Iv.
  9. ^ Davis 1997, p. 18
  10. ^ Edward Augustus Freeman. The History of the Norman Conquest of England. Harvard University.
  11. ^ D. F. RENN. "The Keep of Wareham Castle" (PDF). Retrieved 14 November 2010.
  12. ^ Davis 1997, p. 20
  13. ^ Davis 1997, p. 31
  14. ^ a b Ladle 1986, p. 28
  15. ^ Davis 1997, p. 35
  16. ^ Davis 1997, pp. 85–90
  17. ^ Davis 1997, p. 91
  18. ^ Davis 1997, p. 11
  19. ^ a b OS Explorer Map OL15 - Purbeck & South Dorset. Ordnance Survey. 2006. ISBN 978-0-319-23865-3.
  20. ^ "Parish Statistics" (PDF). Purbeck District Council. 11 January 2007. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 12 August 2007.
  21. ^ "Dorset Twinning Association". Dorset Twinning Association. Archived from the original on 21 June 2012. Retrieved 26 November 2010.
  22. ^ Letters, Samantha (18 June 2003). "Gazetteer of Markets and Fairs to 1516: Dorset". Centre for Metropolitan History (Institute of Historical Research, School of Advanced Study, University of London.
  23. ^ "Fairtrade - Towns List". Fairtrade Foundation. Archived from the original on 1 February 2010. Retrieved 26 November 2010.
  24. ^ a b "About Wareham". Wareham Town Council. Retrieved 26 November 2010.
  25. ^ Terry Holland. "Duties of the Court Leet". Retrieved 14 November 2010.
  26. ^ Richards, Alexandra (15 April 2012). Slow Dorset: Local, Characterful Guides to Britain's Special Places. Bradt Travel Guides. p. 162. ISBN 9781841623931.
  27. ^ "Full Freeview on the Rowridge (Isle Of Wight, England) transmitter". UK Free TV. 1 May 2004. Retrieved 25 September 2023.
  28. ^ "The Swanage and Wareham Advertiser". British Papers. 5 February 2014. Retrieved 25 September 2023.
  29. ^ "The Thomas Hardy journal". 17–18. Thomas Hardy Society. 2001: 45. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  30. ^ Davis 1997, p. 51
  31. ^ "T E Lawrence - Lawrence of Arabia". Dorset Guide. Retrieved 22 June 2012.
  32. ^ "Film & TV Productions Shot On Location In The South-Central Region".
  33. ^ Rowe, Lionel (c. 1960) The Churches of Wareham, Dorset; 9th ed. Gloucester: British Publishing Company; p. 19
  34. ^ "British towns twinned with French towns [via WaybackMachine.com]". Archant Community Media Ltd. Archived from the original on 5 July 2013. Retrieved 20 July 2013.
  35. ^ "REV. JOHN HUTCHINS – The History and Antiquities of the County of Dorset". Dorset OPC. Retrieved 23 December 2010.
  36. ^ Ryan, Robert (6 April 2008). "Dorset according to TE Lawrence". The Sunday Times. London. Retrieved 23 December 2010.
  37. ^ Hough, Andrew (10 June 2010). "David Mellor: a profile". The Telegraph. London. Retrieved 23 December 2010.
  38. ^ Fox, Edward (10 October 2010). "Edward Fox: how I helped save Wareham from the supermarkets". The Telegraph. London. Retrieved 24 December 2010.
  39. ^ "Where Are They Now? | Footballers | David Best".
  40. ^ a b c "Key Figures for 2001 Census: Census Area Statistics Information on 2001 Census: Census Area Statistics". Office for National Statistics. 2001. Retrieved 16 November 2010.
  41. ^ a b c d e "Wareham Census Town Profile". Dorset County Council. 2005. Retrieved 16 November 2010.
  42. ^ "Wareham Keyfacts". Dorset For You Partnership. Retrieved 10 January 2011.

Sources

  • Pitt Rivers, Michael (1970). Dorset. London: Faber & Faber.
  • Davis, Terence (1997). Wareham Gateway to Purbeck (2nd ed.). dpc. ISBN 0-948699-62-0.
  • Ladle, Lilian (1986). Explore Wareham. Lady St. Mary Parochial Church Council. ISBN 0-9511365-0-X.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Wareham, Dorset.
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Wareham (England).
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