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Coordinates: 52°14′38″N 17°05′26″E / 52.24389°N 17.09056°E / 52.24389; 17.09056
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{{Infobox historic site
{{Infobox historic site
| name = Kórnik Cstle<br /> <small>{{lang|pl|Zamek w Kórniku}}</small>
| name = Kórnik Castle<br /> <small>{{lang|pl|Zamek w Kórniku}}</small>
| image = Castillo de Kórnik, Kórnik, Polonia, 2016-12-21, DD 03.jpg
| image = Castillo de Kórnik, Kórnik, Polonia, 2016-12-21, DD 03.jpg
| image_size = 280px
| image_size = 280px
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| locmapin = Poland
| locmapin = Poland
| built = 15th century
| built = 15th century
| architect = [[Karl Friedrich Schinkel]], [[Tytus Działyński]], Marian Cybulski (remodelling)
| architect =
| architecture =
| architecture =
| area =
| area =
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| visitation_year =
| visitation_year =
| governing_body =
| governing_body =
| designation1 =
| designation1=Historic Monument of Poland
| designation1_date =
| designation1_date=2011-06-15
| designation1_partof=Kórnik – castle and park complex with the parish church, owners' necropolis
| designation1_type =
| designation1_number=Dz. U. z 2011 r. Nr 143, poz. 836<ref>{{Cite Polish law|title=Rozporządzenie Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej z dnia 15 czerwca 2011 r. w sprawie uznania za pomnik historii "Kórnik - zespół zamkowo-parkowy wraz z kościołem parafialnym - nekropolią właścicieli"|year=2011|volume=143|number=836}}</ref>
| designation1_criteria =
| designation1_number =
| designation1_free1name =
| designation1_free1value =
| designation1_free2name =
| designation1_free2value =
| designation1_offname =
| designation2 =
| designation2 =
| designation2_offname =
| designation2_date =
| designation2_date =
| designation2_number =
| designation2_number =
}}
}}


'''Kórnik Castle''' (Polish: '''Zamek w Kórniku''' or '''Zamek Kórnicki''') is a castle in the Polish town of [[Kórnik]], which was constructed in the 14th century. The current [[neogothic]] design and remodeling was done in 1855 by the architect [[Karl Friedrich Schinkel]] for [[Tytus Działyński]] and the son Jan Kanty Działyński. After last member of [[Działyński| Działyński family]] Jan Kanty Działyński's death, his brother-in-law Count [[Władysław Zamoyski]] received the castle in Jan's will. Shortly before his death in 1924, the childless count willed the castle, along with an extensive art collection and the [[Kórnik Arboretum]] to the Polish state.
'''Kórnik Castle''' ({{lang-pl|Zamek w Kórniku}} or ''Zamek Kórnicki'') is a castle in the Polish town of [[Kórnik]], which was constructed in the 14th century. The current [[neogothic]] design and remodeling was done in 1855 partly on the basis of architect [[Karl Friedrich Schinkel]]'s plans for [[Tytus Działyński]] and the son Jan Kanty Działyński. After last member of [[Działyński| Działyński family]] Jan Kanty Działyński's death, his brother-in-law Count [[Władysław Zamoyski]] received the castle in Jan's will. Shortly before his death in 1924, the childless count willed the castle, along with an extensive art collection and the [[Kórnik Arboretum]] to the Polish state.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://polskapogodzinach.pl/zamek-kornik-arboretum/ |language = pl |title=Zamek w Kórniku i Arboretum- poznajcie ich historię! | access-date = 2020-11-29}}</ref>


The castle currently houses a museum and the [[Kórnik Library]]. It's one of Poland's official national [[List of Historical Monuments (Poland)|Historic Monuments]] (''[[Pomnik historii]]''), as designated July 11, 2011 and tracked by the [[Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa|National Heritage Board of Poland]].
The castle currently houses a museum and the [[Kórnik Library]]. It's one of Poland's official national [[List of Historical Monuments (Poland)|Historic Monuments]] (''[[Pomnik historii]]''), as designated July 11, 2011 and tracked by the [[Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa|National Heritage Board of Poland]].


==Exterior of the castle==
==Exterior of the castle==
The current look of the castle resembles [[Gothic Revival]] architecture, one of popular historicising styles in the 19th century. The main entrance to the castle is located at the northern side. Its characteristic feature is a [[four-centred arch]] at the top of the window above the entrance. Up until the [[interwar period]] the castle was entered through the so-called ''babiniec'' - a [[barbican]]-shaped chamber which was subsequently demolished in the years 1925–1939.
The current look of the castle resembles [[Gothic Revival]] architecture, one of the popular historicising styles in the 19th century. The main entrance to the castle is located at the northern side. Its characteristic feature is a [[four-centred arch]] at the top of the window above the entrance. Up until the [[interwar period]] the castle was entered through the so-called ''[[babiniec (architecture)|babiniec]]'' - a [[barbican]]-shaped chamber which was subsequently demolished in the years 1925–1939.


The western side of the castle features an expanded [[terrace (building)| terrace]] overlooking Lake Kórnik. The southern side is dominated by a [[chaitya]] arch, which was probably modelled on the [[Royal Pavilion]] in [[Brighton]] and the [[Islamic architecture]] of [[India]]. On the eastern side, there is a Gothic Revival tower whose red brick [[façade]] clearly contrasts with the rest of the castle. The tower was erected during the remodelling of the castle by Tytus Działyński.
The western side of the castle features an expanded [[terrace (building)|terrace]] overlooking Lake Kórnik. The southern side is dominated by a [[chaitya]] arch, which was probably modelled on the [[Royal Pavilion]] in [[Brighton]] and the [[Islamic architecture]] of [[India]]. On the eastern side, there is a Gothic Revival tower whose red brick [[façade]] clearly contrasts with the rest of the castle. The tower was erected during the remodelling of the castle by Tytus Działyński.


Also near the entry to the Kórnik Castle, there are historic outbuildings and a [[carriage house]].
Also near the entry to the Kórnik Castle, there are historic outbuildings and a [[carriage house]].


The castle is surrounded by [[Kórnik Arboretum]] founded by Count [[Tytus Działyński]] in the first half of the 19th century - the oldest and largest one in [[Poland]] as well as the fourth largest arboretum in [[Europe]] covering around 40 hectares and containing more than 3300 [[taxa]] of [[tree]]s and [[shrub]]s.
The castle is surrounded by [[Kórnik Arboretum]] founded by Count [[Tytus Działyński]] in the first half of the 19th century - the oldest and largest one in [[Poland]] as well as the fourth largest arboretum in [[Europe]] covering around 40 hectares and containing more than 3300 [[taxa]] of [[tree]]s and [[shrub]]s.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://polska-org.pl/7521569,Kornik,Arboretum_Kornickie.html |language = pl |title=Arboretum Kórnickie | access-date = 2020-11-29}}</ref>


==Interior of the castle==
==Interior of the castle==
The castle presently houses the [[Kórnik Library]] and a museum showcasing numerous unique objects including historic furniture, Ukraine and European paintings, sculptures, numismatic collections, [[militaria|military antiques]], and [[porcelain]] and silver art objects.
The castle presently houses the [[Kórnik Library]] and a museum showcasing numerous unique objects including historic furniture, Ukrainian and European paintings, sculptures, numismatic collections, [[militaria|military antiques]], [[porcelain]] and silver art objects. Among the most significant works in the library are the original manuscript of [[Adam Mickiewicz]]'s ''[[Dziady (poem)|Dziady]]'' (Part III) and [[Napoleon]]'s hand-written romantic novella ''[[Clisson et Eugénie]]''.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.polskieradio.pl/8/6076/Artykul/2417925,Twierdza-polskosci-Dwojka-na-zamku-w-Korniku |language = pl |title=Twierdza polskości. Dwójka na zamku w Kórniku | access-date = 2020-11-29}}</ref>


The most impressive chamber of the residence is the Moor Room, which was inspired by the [[Court of the Lions]] in [[Alhambra]], Spain. It was initially indended for a library but later it became a museum room featuring national works of art. In the room below the tower, there are [[ethnography| ethnographic]] and natural collections on display brought from [[Australia]] and [[Oceania]] by Count [[Władysław Zamoyski]] who inherited the estate from his maternal uncle, Jan Kanty, in 1881.
The most impressive chamber of the residence is the Moor Room, which was inspired by the [[Court of the Lions]] in [[Alhambra]], Spain. It was initially intended for a library but later it became a museum room featuring national works of art. In the room below the tower, there are [[ethnography|ethnographic]] and natural collections on display brought from [[Australia]] and [[Oceania]] by Count [[Władysław Zamoyski]] who inherited the estate from his maternal uncle, Jan Kanty, in 1881.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.kornik.travel/pl/obiekty/zwiedzanie/zamek-w-korniku |language = pl |title=Zamek w Kórniku | access-date = 2020-11-29}}</ref>

==Trivia==
During the [[Occupation of Poland (1939–1945)|German occupation of Poland]] ([[World War II]]), in 1939–1940, a secret printing house of the [[Polish resistance movement in World War II|Polish resistance movement]] was located in the castle. It printed the ''Biuletyn Radiowy'' [[Polish underground press|underground newspaper]].<ref>{{cite book|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title=Encyklopedia konspiracji Wielkopolskiej 1939–1945|year=1998|location=Poznań|language=pl|publisher=Instytut Zachodni|page=95|isbn=83-85003-97-5}}</ref>


==Gallery==
==Gallery==
<gallery widths="200px" heights="200px" perrow="4">
<gallery widths="170px" heights="170px" perrow="4">
File:Kornik Castle.jpg|The castle at sunset
File:Castillo de Kórnik, Kórnik, Polonia, 2016-12-21, DD 04.jpg|Different angle
File:Castillo de Kórnik, Kórnik, Polonia, 2016-12-21, DD 04.jpg|The castle and the moat
File:Napoleon Orda, Zamek Działyńskich w Kórniku.jpg|''Działyński Castle in Kórnik'', by [[Napoleon Orda]]
File:Napoleon Orda, Zamek Działyńskich w Kórniku.jpg|''Działyński Castle in Kórnik'', by [[Napoleon Orda]]
File:Castillo de Kórnik, Kórnik, Polonia, 2016-12-21, DD 13.jpg|The Gothic Revival tower of the castle on the right
File:Castillo de Kórnik, Kórnik, Polonia, 2016-12-21, DD 13.jpg|The Gothic Revival tower of the castle on the right
File:655070 muzeum w zamku Kórnik (1).jpg|Castle interiors
File:655070 muzeum w zamku Kórnik (1).jpg|Castle interiors
File:Zamek Kórnik zimową porą 3.jpg|Aerial view
</gallery>
</gallery>


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*[[All Saints' Church, Kórnik]]
*[[All Saints' Church, Kórnik]]
*[[Castles in Poland]]
*[[Castles in Poland]]

⚫
==External links==
* [http://kornik.pl/en/Castle_complex.html Kórnik Castle]


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
*{{cite book|author=Insight Guides|title=Insight Guide: Pocket Poland|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cnn-CwAAQBAJ&pg=PT165|date=18 April 2016|publisher=Apa Publications (UK) Limited|isbn=978-1-78671-025-3|pages=165–}}
*{{cite book|author=Insight Guides|title=Insight Guide: Pocket Poland|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cnn-CwAAQBAJ&pg=PT165|date=18 April 2016|publisher=Apa Publications (UK) Limited|isbn=978-1-78671-025-3|pages=165–}}


⚫
==External links==
{{coord|52|14|38|N|17|05|28|E|region:PL-WP_type:landmark_source:kolossus-dewiki|display=title}}
* [http://kornik.pl/en/Castle_complex.html Kórnik Castle] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150606181009/http://kornik.pl/en/Castle_complex.html |date=2015-06-06 }}

{{Karl Friedrich Schinkel}}
{{Authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Kornik Castle}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Kornik Castle}}
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[[Category:Historic house museums in Poland]]
[[Category:Historic house museums in Poland]]
[[Category:Poznań County]]
[[Category:Poznań County]]
[[Category:Karl Friedrich Schinkel buildings]]

{{Poland-castle-stub}}

Latest revision as of 22:40, 31 May 2024

Kórnik Castle
Zamek w Kórniku
Kórnik Castle
LocationKórnik, Poland
Coordinates52°14′38″N 17°05′26″E / 52.24389°N 17.09056°E / 52.24389; 17.09056
Built15th century
ArchitectKarl Friedrich Schinkel, Tytus Działyński, Marian Cybulski (remodelling)
Designated2011-06-15
Part ofKórnik – castle and park complex with the parish church, owners' necropolis
Reference no.Dz. U. z 2011 r. Nr 143, poz. 836[1]
Kórnik Castle is located in Poland
Kórnik Castle
Location of Kórnik Castle
Zamek w Kórniku in Poland

Kórnik Castle (Polish: Zamek w Kórniku or Zamek Kórnicki) is a castle in the Polish town of Kórnik, which was constructed in the 14th century. The current neogothic design and remodeling was done in 1855 partly on the basis of architect Karl Friedrich Schinkel's plans for Tytus Działyński and the son Jan Kanty Działyński. After last member of Działyński family Jan Kanty Działyński's death, his brother-in-law Count Władysław Zamoyski received the castle in Jan's will. Shortly before his death in 1924, the childless count willed the castle, along with an extensive art collection and the Kórnik Arboretum to the Polish state.[2]

The castle currently houses a museum and the Kórnik Library. It's one of Poland's official national Historic Monuments (Pomnik historii), as designated July 11, 2011 and tracked by the National Heritage Board of Poland.

Exterior of the castle

[edit]

The current look of the castle resembles Gothic Revival architecture, one of the popular historicising styles in the 19th century. The main entrance to the castle is located at the northern side. Its characteristic feature is a four-centred arch at the top of the window above the entrance. Up until the interwar period the castle was entered through the so-called babiniec - a barbican-shaped chamber which was subsequently demolished in the years 1925–1939.

The western side of the castle features an expanded terrace overlooking Lake Kórnik. The southern side is dominated by a chaitya arch, which was probably modelled on the Royal Pavilion in Brighton and the Islamic architecture of India. On the eastern side, there is a Gothic Revival tower whose red brick façade clearly contrasts with the rest of the castle. The tower was erected during the remodelling of the castle by Tytus Działyński.

Also near the entry to the Kórnik Castle, there are historic outbuildings and a carriage house.

The castle is surrounded by Kórnik Arboretum founded by Count Tytus Działyński in the first half of the 19th century - the oldest and largest one in Poland as well as the fourth largest arboretum in Europe covering around 40 hectares and containing more than 3300 taxa of trees and shrubs.[3]

Interior of the castle

[edit]

The castle presently houses the Kórnik Library and a museum showcasing numerous unique objects including historic furniture, Ukrainian and European paintings, sculptures, numismatic collections, military antiques, porcelain and silver art objects. Among the most significant works in the library are the original manuscript of Adam Mickiewicz's Dziady (Part III) and Napoleon's hand-written romantic novella Clisson et Eugénie.[4]

The most impressive chamber of the residence is the Moor Room, which was inspired by the Court of the Lions in Alhambra, Spain. It was initially intended for a library but later it became a museum room featuring national works of art. In the room below the tower, there are ethnographic and natural collections on display brought from Australia and Oceania by Count Władysław Zamoyski who inherited the estate from his maternal uncle, Jan Kanty, in 1881.[5]

Trivia

[edit]

During the German occupation of Poland (World War II), in 1939–1940, a secret printing house of the Polish resistance movement was located in the castle. It printed the Biuletyn Radiowy underground newspaper.[6]

[edit]
  • The castle at sunset
    The castle at sunset
  • The castle and the moat
    The castle and the moat
  • Działyński Castle in Kórnik, by Napoleon Orda
    Działyński Castle in Kórnik, by Napoleon Orda
  • The Gothic Revival tower of the castle on the right
    The Gothic Revival tower of the castle on the right
  • Castle interiors
    Castle interiors
  • Aerial view
    Aerial view

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Rozporządzenie Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej z dnia 15 czerwca 2011 r. w sprawie uznania za pomnik historii "Kórnik - zespół zamkowo-parkowy wraz z kościołem parafialnym - nekropolią właścicieli", Dz. U., 2011, vol. 143, No. 836
  2. ^ "Zamek w Kórniku i Arboretum- poznajcie ich historię!" (in Polish). Retrieved 2020-11-29.
  3. ^ "Arboretum Kórnickie" (in Polish). Retrieved 2020-11-29.
  4. ^ "Twierdza polskości. Dwójka na zamku w Kórniku" (in Polish). Retrieved 2020-11-29.
  5. ^ "Zamek w Kórniku" (in Polish). Retrieved 2020-11-29.
  6. ^ Encyklopedia konspiracji Wielkopolskiej 1939–1945 (in Polish). Poznań: Instytut Zachodni. 1998. p. 95. ISBN 83-85003-97-5.
[edit]
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