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{{Short description|King of the Franks from 639 to 657}}
{{Unreferenced|date=December 2009}}
{{Expand French|Clovis II|date=July 2012}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2022}}
{{Expand French|topic=bio|Clovis II|date=July 2012}}
{{Infobox royalty|monarch
{{Infobox royalty
| name =Clovis II
| name = Clovis II
| title =
| title =
| image =File:Tiers_de_sous_d%27or_de_Clovis_II.png
| image = Tiers de sou de Paris aux noms de Clovis II et saint Eloi.jpg
| caption = A [[tremissis]] of Clovis II
| caption = A [[Solidus (coin)#France|sou]] of Clovis II
| succession = [[List of Frankish kings#Kings in Neustria and Burgundy (613–679)|King of the Franks in Neustria and Burgundy]]

| reign = 639–657
|succession= [[King of Neustria]] and [[King of Burgundy|Burgundy]]
⚫
| coronation =
|reign= 639-657
⚫
| predecessor =[[Dagobert I]]
⚫
|coronation=
⚫
| successor =[[Chlothar III]]
⚫
|predecessor=[[Dagobert I]]
⚫
| spouse =[[Balthild]]
⚫
|successor=[[Chlothar III]]
⚫
| issue =[[Chlothar III]]<br>[[Childeric II]]<br>[[Theuderic III]]

⚫
| house =[[Merovingian]]
⚫
|spouse=[[Balthild]]
⚫
| house-type =Dynasty
⚫
|issue=[[Chlothar III]]<br>[[Childeric II]]<br>[[Theuderic III]]
⚫
|house=[[Merovingian]]
⚫
|house-type=Dynasty
|royal anthem =
| father =[[Dagobert I]]
| father =[[Dagobert I]]
| mother =[[Nanthild]]
| mother =[[Nanthild]]
| birth_date =634
| birth_date =633 {{sfn|McConville|2018|p=362}}
⚫
| death_date ={{death year and age|657|633}}
| birth_place =
⚫
| death_date =27 November {{death year and age|657|634}}
| death_place =
| death_place =
| date of burial =
| burial_date =
| place of burial =[[Saint Denis Basilica]], [[Paris]]
| burial_place =[[Saint Denis Basilica]], [[Paris]]
| signature =
| signature =
|}}
}}
⚫
'''Clovis II''' (633 &ndash; 657) was [[List of Frankish kings#Kings in Neustria and Burgundy (613–679)|King of the Franks in Neustria and Burgundy]], having succeeded his father [[Dagobert I]] in 639. His brother [[Sigebert III]] had been [[Austrasia|King of Austrasia]] since 634. He was initially under the regency of his mother [[Nanthild]] until her death in her early thirties in 642. Nanthild's death allowed Clovis to fall under the influence of the secular magnates, who reduced the royal power in their own favour; first [[Aega (mayor of the palace)|Aega]] and then [[Erchinoald]]. The Burgundian [[mayor of the palace]] [[Flaochad]] used him to lure his rival, [[Willebad]], to a [[Battle of Autun (640s)|battle in Autun]], in which Willebad was killed.
<!--[[File:Albert Maignan - Hommage à Clovis II.jpg|thumb|"Hommage to [the Child-King] Clovis II", by [[Albert Maignan]], 1883 (Musée des Beaux-Arts de [[Rouen]])]]
[[Image:Theuderich and Martell.JPG|thumb|200px|left|Tomb of Clovis II (foreground) and Charles Martel in [[Saint Denis Basilica]] ]]-->
⚫
'''Clovis II''' (634 &ndash; 27 November 657 or 658) succeeded his father [[Dagobert I]] in 639 as [[Neustria|King of Neustria]] and [[King of Burgundy|Burgundy]]. His brother [[Sigebert III]] had been [[Austrasia|King of Austrasia]] since 634. He was initially under the regency of his mother [[Nanthild]] until her death in her early thirties in 642. This death allowed him to fall under the influence of the secular magnates, who reduced the royal power in their own favour; first Aega, and then Erchinoald.


==Background==
Clovis' wife, [[Balthild]], whose [[Anglo-Saxon]] origins are now considered doubtful, was sold into slavery in [[Gaul]]. She had been owned by Clovis' [[mayor of the palace]], [[Erchinoald]], who gave her to him to garner royal favour.<ref>{{cite web|title=Saint Bathilde|url=http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/02348b.htm|website=New Advent|accessdate=8 January 2017}}</ref> She bore him three sons who all became kings after his death. The eldest, [[Chlothar III|Chlothar]], succeeded him and his second eldest, [[Childeric II|Childeric]], was placed on the Austrasian throne by Ebroin while Clovis was still alive. The youngest, [[Theuderic III|Theuderic]], succeeded Childeric in Neustria and eventually became the sole king of the Franks.
Clovis married [[Balthild]], an [[Anglo-Saxon]] sold into slavery in [[Gaul]]. She had been owned by the Neustrian mayor of the palace, Erchinoald, but then attracted the interest of the king.<ref>{{cite web|title=Saint Bathilde|url=http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/02348b.htm|website=New Advent|access-date=8 January 2017}}</ref> They had three sons, who all became kings after his death. The eldest, [[Chlothar III|Chlothar]], succeeded him and his second eldest, [[Childeric II|Childeric]], was placed on the Austrasian throne and eventually also succeeded in Neustria. The youngest, [[Theuderic III|Theuderic]], succeeded Childeric in Neustria and eventually became the sole king of the Franks.


Clovis was a minor for almost the whole of his reign. He is sometimes regarded as king of Austrasia during the interval 656–57 when [[Childebert the Adopted]] had usurped the throne. He is often regarded as an early ''[[roi fainéant]]''. Medieval monks deemed him insane and attribute "the stupidity of his descendants" to that cause.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Platts|first1=John|title=A New Universal Biography|date=1825|location=London|page=2.2.468|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=x05LcArWCWAC&pg=PA468&dq=clovis+ii+biography&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiDv-fNgrPRAhVnx1QKHUChAy84ChDoAQglMAI#v=onepage&q=clovis%20ii%20biography&f=false}}</ref> Noted [[Belgium|Belgian]] historian [[Henri Pirenne]] stated that Clovis "died insane."<ref>{{cite book|last1=Pirenne|first1=Henri|title=Mohammad and Charlemagne|date=1939|publisher=Routledge|location=London|isbn=978-0486420110|page=191|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zLGeWH7WPmUC&pg=PA191&lpg=PA191&dq=clovis+ii+insane&source=bl&ots=ptFqoLpWAo&sig=ngDMRDdqaiiXhQk0lagPeOBjIYo&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj23-vzgrPRAhVpx1QKHazRAOgQ6AEIbjAS#v=onepage&q=clovis%20ii%20insane&f=false|accessdate=8 January 2017}}</ref>
Clovis was a minor for almost the whole of his reign. He is sometimes regarded as king of Austrasia during the interval 656–57 when [[Childebert the Adopted]] usurped the throne. [[Grimoald the Elder]], mayor of the palace of Austrasia, was captured and later executed in Paris by Clovis II, the king of Neustria, in 657. He is often regarded as an early ''[[roi fainéant]]''. [[Belgium|Belgian]] historian [[Henri Pirenne]] stated that Clovis "died insane."<ref>{{cite book|last1=Pirenne|first1=Henri|title=Mohammad and Charlemagne|date=1939|publisher=Routledge|location=London|isbn=978-0486420110|page=191|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zLGeWH7WPmUC&q=clovis+ii+insane&pg=PA191|access-date=8 January 2017}}</ref>


Clovis II was buried in [[Saint Denis Basilica]], [[Paris]].
Clovis II was buried in [[Basilica of Saint-Denis|Saint Denis Basilica]], [[Paris]].


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}

===Works cited===
* {{cite dictionary |title=Clovis III |first=Julia |last=McConville |dictionary=The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity |editor-first=Oliver |editor-last=Nicholson |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2018}}


==External links==
==External links==
*{{commons category-inline}}
*{{commonscatinline}}


{{Start box}}
{{s-start}}
{{S-hou|[[Merovingian|Merovingian Dynasty]]||634||657}}
{{S-hou|[[Merovingian|Merovingian Dynasty]]||633||657}}
{{Succession box | before=[[Dagobert I]]| title=[[List of Frankish Kings|King of Neustria and Burgundy]] | years=639&ndash;655 | after=[[Chlothar III]]}}
{{Succession box | before=[[Dagobert I]]| title=[[List of Frankish kings#Kings in Neustria and Burgundy (613–679)|King of the Franks in Neustria and Burgundy]] | years=639&ndash;657| after=[[Chlothar III]]}}
{{End box}}
{{s-end}}


{{Merovingians}}
{{Merovingians}}
{{Monarchs of France}}
{{Monarchs of France}}
{{France topics}}


{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Clovis 02}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Clovis 02}}
[[Category:Merovingian kings]]
[[Category:Merovingian kings]]
[[Category:Frankish kings of Burgundy]]
[[Category:633 births]]
[[Category:637 births]]
[[Category:657 deaths]]
[[Category:650s deaths]]
[[Category:Medieval child monarchs]]
[[Category:Medieval child rulers]]
[[Category:Burials at the Basilica of Saint-Denis]]
[[Category:7th-century monarchs in Europe]]
[[Category:7th-century Frankish kings]]
[[Category:Burials at the Basilica of St Denis]]
[[Category:7th-century Frankish people]]

Latest revision as of 18:40, 29 May 2024

Clovis II
A sou of Clovis II
King of the Franks in Neustria and Burgundy
Reign639–657
PredecessorDagobert I
SuccessorChlothar III
Born633 [1]
Died657 (aged 23–24)
Burial
Saint Denis Basilica, Paris
SpouseBalthild
IssueChlothar III
Childeric II
Theuderic III
DynastyMerovingian
FatherDagobert I
MotherNanthild

Clovis II (633 – 657) was King of the Franks in Neustria and Burgundy, having succeeded his father Dagobert I in 639. His brother Sigebert III had been King of Austrasia since 634. He was initially under the regency of his mother Nanthild until her death in her early thirties in 642. Nanthild's death allowed Clovis to fall under the influence of the secular magnates, who reduced the royal power in their own favour; first Aega and then Erchinoald. The Burgundian mayor of the palace Flaochad used him to lure his rival, Willebad, to a battle in Autun, in which Willebad was killed.

Background

[edit]

Clovis married Balthild, an Anglo-Saxon sold into slavery in Gaul. She had been owned by the Neustrian mayor of the palace, Erchinoald, but then attracted the interest of the king.[2] They had three sons, who all became kings after his death. The eldest, Chlothar, succeeded him and his second eldest, Childeric, was placed on the Austrasian throne and eventually also succeeded in Neustria. The youngest, Theuderic, succeeded Childeric in Neustria and eventually became the sole king of the Franks.

Clovis was a minor for almost the whole of his reign. He is sometimes regarded as king of Austrasia during the interval 656–57 when Childebert the Adopted usurped the throne. Grimoald the Elder, mayor of the palace of Austrasia, was captured and later executed in Paris by Clovis II, the king of Neustria, in 657. He is often regarded as an early roi fainéant. Belgian historian Henri Pirenne stated that Clovis "died insane."[3]

Clovis II was buried in Saint Denis Basilica, Paris.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ McConville 2018, p. 362.
  2. ^ "Saint Bathilde". New Advent. Retrieved 8 January 2017.
  3. ^ Pirenne, Henri (1939). Mohammad and Charlemagne. London: Routledge. p. 191. ISBN 978-0486420110. Retrieved 8 January 2017.

Works cited

[edit]
  • McConville, Julia (2018). "Clovis III". In Nicholson, Oliver (ed.). The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity. Oxford University Press.
[edit]
  • Media related to Clovis II at Wikimedia Commons
Clovis II
Born: 633 Died: 657
Preceded by King of the Franks in Neustria and Burgundy
639–657 		Succeeded by
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Clovis_II&oldid=1226292917"