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{{Short description|Soviet-Russian classical cellist (1908–1963)}}
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'''Sviatoslav Nikolayevich Knushevitsky''' (also seen as '''Knushevit<u>z</u>ky'''; {{OldStyleDate|6 January 1908||24 December 1907}}{{spaced ndash}}19 February 1963) was a [[Soviet Union|Soviet]]-[[Russia]]n [[classical music|classical]] [[cello|cellist]]. He was particularly noted for his partnership with the violinist [[David Oistrakh]] and the pianist [[Lev Oborin]] in a renowned piano trio from 1940 until his death. After [[Mstislav Rostropovich]] and [[Daniil Shafran]], he is spoken of as one of the pre-eminent Russian cellists of the 20th century.
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{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}
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'''Sviatoslav Nikolayevich Knushevitsky''' (also seen as '''Knushevit<u>z</u>ky'''; {{OldStyleDate|6 January 1908||24 December 1907}}{{spaced ndash}}19 February 1963) was a [[Soviet Union|Soviet]]-[[Russia]]n [[classical music|classical]] [[cello|cellist]]. He was particularly noted for his partnership with the violinist [[David Oistrakh]] and the pianist [[Lev Oborin]] in a renowned piano trio from 1940 until his death. After [[Mstislav Rostropovich]] and [[Daniil Shafran]], he is spoken of as one of the pre-eminent Russian cellists of the 20th century.


==Biography==
==Biography==
Sviatoslav Knushevitsky was born at [[Petrovsk, Saratov Oblast]],<ref>[http://a9music.com/knushevitsky/plays/smetana/by_recorded a9music]</ref> on {{OldStyleDate|6 January 1908||24 December 1907}}.<ref name=celeb/> He studied at the [[Moscow Conservatory]] with [[Semyon Kozolupov]],<ref>Semyon Kozolupov 1884-1961; uncle and teacher of [[Mstislav Rostropovich]]; pupil of [[Aleksandr Verzhbilovich]], a friend and contemporary of [[Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky|Tchaikovsky]]</ref><ref name=melodiya>[http://www.melody.su/eng/work/catalog/classic/548 Melodiya]</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=G0wF757F-3UC&pg=PA178&lpg=PA178&dq=kozolupov&source=bl&ots=SxUgnla-4V&sig=aJxFfZeVAIOq6gc2Msi44kPnluA&hl=en&ei=GzrvS-LoJIzc7APl-cGcBg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=10&ved=0CDcQ6AEwCQ# Elizabeth Wilson, ''Jacqueline du Pré: her life, her music, her legend'']</ref> graduating with a gold medal. He joined the Bolshoi Theatre Orchestra in 1929, remaining their principal cellist until 1943.<ref name=presto>[http://www.prestoclassical.co.uk/r/Brilliant+Classics/8924 Presto Classical]</ref>
Sviatoslav Knushevitsky was born at [[Petrovsk, Saratov Oblast]], on {{OldStyleDate|6 January 1908||24 December 1907}}.<ref name=celeb/> He studied at the [[Moscow Conservatory]] with [[Semyon Kozolupov]],<ref>Semyon Kozolupov 1884–1961; uncle and teacher of [[Mstislav Rostropovich]]; pupil of [[Aleksandr Verzhbilovich]], a friend and contemporary of [[Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky|Tchaikovsky]]</ref><ref name=melodiya>{{Cite web |url=http://www.melody.su/eng/work/catalog/classic/548 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110110185204/http://www.melody.su/eng/work/catalog/classic/548|url-status=dead |title=Catalogue // Classic // Svyatoslav Knushevitsky M.Reger, R.Strauss, J.S.Bach, A.Wilhelmi, M.T. von Paradies, G.Pekker, F.Chopin, A.Glazunov, F.Mendelssohn-Bartholdy, C.Saint-Saens |archivedate=10 January 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |author=Elizabeth Wilson |title=Jacqueline Du Pré: Her Life, Her Music, Her Legend |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G0wF757F-3UC&pg=PA178 |year=1999 |publisher=Arcade Publishing |isbn=978-1-55970-490-8 |page=178}}</ref> graduating with a gold medal. He joined the Bolshoi Theatre Orchestra in 1929, remaining their principal cellist until 1943.<ref name=presto>{{Cite web |url=http://www.prestoclassical.co.uk/r/Brilliant+Classics/8924 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151010100905/http://www.prestoclassical.co.uk/r/Brilliant%2BClassics/8924 |url-status=dead |title=Sviatoslav Knushevitsky Edition Brilliant Classics: 8924 |work=Presto Classical |archivedate=10 October 2015}}</ref>


In 1933 Knushevitsky won First Prize at the Аll-Union Music Competition.<ref name=PIT>[http://www.mosconsv.ru/english/library/records/more.phtml?id=20&mode=ann Moscow P.I. Tchaikovsky Conservatory]</ref> In 1940 he joined in partnership with the violinist [[David Oistrakh]] and the pianist [[Lev Oborin]] in a renowned piano trio, often referred to as the Oistrakh Trio, which concertised and recorded a great deal in many countries. He also joined a string quartet with Oistrakh, [[Pyotr Bondarenko]] and [[Mikhail Terian]],<ref name=melodiya/><ref>[http://www.naxos.com/person/David_Oistrakh/12781.htm Naxos]</ref> known as the Beethoven Quartet.<ref name=celeb>[http://persona.rin.ru/eng/view/f/0/35764/knushevitsky-svetoslav Celebrities]</ref> His sonata performances with Oistrakh were considered the equal in their day of the later duo of [[Sviatoslav Richter]] and [[Mstislav Rostropovich]].<ref name=PIT/>
In 1933 Knushevitsky won First Prize at the All-Union Music Competition.<ref name=PIT>{{cite web |title=Главная |url=https://www.mosconsv.ru/ru/default.aspx |website=www.mosconsv.ru |access-date=17 November 2023 |language=ru}}</ref> In 1940 he joined in partnership with the violinist [[David Oistrakh]] and the pianist [[Lev Oborin]] in a renowned piano trio, often referred to as the Oistrakh Trio, which concertised and recorded a great deal in many countries. He also joined a string quartet with Oistrakh, [[Pyotr Bondarenko]] and [[Mikhail Terian]],<ref name=melodiya/><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.naxos.com/person/David_Oistrakh/12781.htm |title=Oistrakh, David- Bio, Albums, Pictures – Naxos Classical Music. |website=www.naxos.com}}{{deadlink|date=November 2023}}</ref> known as the Beethoven Quartet.<ref name=celeb>{{Cite web |url=https://persona.rin.ru/eng/view/f/0/35764/knushevitsky-svetoslav |title=Knushevitsky Svetoslav, photo, biography |website=persona.rin.ru}}</ref> His sonata performances with Oistrakh were considered the equal in their day of the later duo of [[Sviatoslav Richter]] and [[Mstislav Rostropovich]].<ref name=PIT/>


In 1941 Knushevitsky joined the staff of the Moscow Conservatory, becoming a professor in 1950. From 1954 to 1959 he was chair of cello and double bass studies.<ref name=celeb/> His pupils there included the cellists [[Stefan Popov]], [[Mikhail Khomitser]] and [[Yevgeny Altman]],<ref name=PIT/> and the double bassist [[Rodion Azarkhin]].<ref>[http://www.monova.org/details/3423636/Art+of+Rodion+Azarkhin+double-bass.%09.html Art of Rodion Azarkhin]</ref>
In 1941 Knushevitsky joined the staff of the Moscow Conservatory, becoming a professor in 1950. From 1954 to 1959 he was chair of cello and double bass studies.<ref name=celeb/> His pupils there included the cellists [[Stefan Popov (musician)|Stefan Popov]], [[Mikhail Khomitser]] and [[Yevgeny Altman]],<ref name=PIT/> and the double bassist [[Rodion Azarkhin]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Art of Rodion Azarkhin |url=http://www.monova.org/details/3423636/Art+of+Rodion+Azarkhin+double-bass.%09.html |website=www.monova.org |date= |access-date=}}{{deadlink|date=November 2023}}</ref>


Cello concertos were written for him by:
Cello concertos were written for him by:
* [[Nikolai Myaskovsky]] ([[Cello Concerto (Myaskovsky)|Cello Concerto in C minor]], 1944; premiered Moscow, 17 March 1945;<ref name=MWI2/> the first recording, however, was made by Rostropovich in 1956<ref>[http://home.wanadoo.nl/vanrijen/more-great-performers.htm Soviet Composers]</ref>)
* [[Nikolai Myaskovsky]] ([[Cello Concerto (Myaskovsky)|Cello Concerto in C minor]], 1944; premiered Moscow, 17 March 1945;<ref name=MWI2/> the first recording, however, was made by Rostropovich in 1956<ref>[http://home.wanadoo.nl/vanrijen/more-great-performers.htm Soviet Composers] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091218185416/http://home.wanadoo.nl/vanrijen/more-great-performers.htm |date=18 December 2009 }}</ref>)
* [[Aram Khachaturian]] ([[Cello Concerto (Khachaturian)|Cello Concerto in E minor]], 1946; premiered Moscow, 30 October 1946; he had also written his [[Piano Concerto (Khachaturian)|Piano Concerto in D-flat]] in 1936 for Lev Oborin, and his [[Violin Concerto (Khachaturian)|Violin Concerto in D minor]] in 1940 for David Oistrakh), and
* [[Aram Khachaturian]] ([[Cello Concerto (Khachaturian)|Cello Concerto in E minor]], 1946; premiered Moscow, 30 October 1946; he had also written his [[Piano Concerto (Khachaturian)|Piano Concerto in D-flat]] in 1936 for Lev Oborin, and his [[Violin Concerto (Khachaturian)|Violin Concerto in D minor]] in 1940 for David Oistrakh), and
* [[Reinhold Glière]] (Cello Concerto in D minor, Op. 87, 1946).
* [[Reinhold Glière]] (Cello Concerto in D minor, Op. 87, 1946).


Other composers who wrote for him were [[Sergei Vasilenko]] and [[Alexander Goedicke]].<ref name=celeb/> His repertoire included mainstream works from concertos and chamber works through to smaller pieces and arrangements, along with contemporary and rarer works such as the [[Richard Strauss]] Cello Sonata and the Solo Cello Suites of [[Max Reger]].
Other composers who wrote for him were [[Sergei Vasilenko]] and [[Alexander Goedicke]].<ref name=celeb/> His repertoire included mainstream works from concertos and chamber works through to smaller pieces and arrangements, along with contemporary and rarer works such as the [[Richard Strauss]] Cello Sonata and the Solo Cello Suites of [[Max Reger]].

He was awarded the USSR State Prize (1950), and the title of Honored Artist of the RSFSR (1956).<ref name=celeb/>


Sviatoslav Knushevitsky was an alcoholic,<ref name=presto/> which, along with his frenetic lifestyle, contributed to his early death at the age of 55 in 1963, in [[Moscow]].
Sviatoslav Knushevitsky was an alcoholic,<ref name=presto/> which, along with his frenetic lifestyle, contributed to his early death at the age of 55 in 1963, in [[Moscow]].
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Sviatoslav Knushevitsky's brother Victor (1906–1974) was a violinist and from 1936 the conductor of a renowned Russian jazz ensemble, the State Jazz Orchestra of the USSR.<ref name=celeb/><ref name=melodiya/>
Sviatoslav Knushevitsky's brother Victor (1906–1974) was a violinist and from 1936 the conductor of a renowned Russian jazz ensemble, the State Jazz Orchestra of the USSR.<ref name=celeb/><ref name=melodiya/>


His wife Natalia Spiller (1909–1995) was a soprano soloist of the Bolshoi Theatre for over 30 years. She was a favourite of [[Joseph Stalin]] and often sang at the Kremlin. She taught at the Gnessin Institute 1950-76.<ref name=melodiya/><ref>[http://www.classicsonline.com/catalogue/product.aspx?pid=464 Classics Online]</ref>
His wife [[Natalia Shpiller]] (1909–1995) was a soprano soloist of the Bolshoi Theatre for over 30 years. She was a favourite of [[Joseph Stalin]] and often sang at the Kremlin.<ref>{{cite news |title=Natalia Shpiller: Songs for Stalin |author=McMillan, Arnold |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=21 October 1995|page= 32}}</ref> She taught at the Gnessin Institute 1950–1995.<ref name="GRE">{{cite encyclopedia |title=ШПИ́ЛЛЕР (en: Natalia Shpiller) |encyclopedia=[[Great Russian Encyclopedia]] |url=https://bigenc.ru/music/text/4945583 |access-date=July 10, 2021 |language=Russian}}</ref>


==Honours and awards==
==Awards and honors==
* [[Order of the Red Banner of Labour]] (December 28, 1946)
* [[Stalin Prize]] - 1950
* [[USSR State Prize|Stalin Prize]], 3rd class (1950)
* [[Honoured Artist of the RSFSR]]
* [[Medal "For Labour Valour"]] (July 9, 1954)
* Honored Art Worker of the RSFSR (1956)


==Recordings==
==Recordings==
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* [[Ludwig van Beethoven|Beethoven]]: [[Triple Concerto (Beethoven)|Triple Concerto in C]]; Oborin, Oistrakh, Knushevitsky, with the [[Philharmonia Orchestra]] under Sir [[Malcolm Sargent]]<ref name=PIT/><ref name=arkiv/>
* [[Ludwig van Beethoven|Beethoven]]: [[Triple Concerto (Beethoven)|Triple Concerto in C]]; Oborin, Oistrakh, Knushevitsky, with the [[Philharmonia Orchestra]] under Sir [[Malcolm Sargent]]<ref name=PIT/><ref name=arkiv/>
* Beethoven: [[Piano Trio, Op. 97 (Beethoven)|''Archduke'' Trio]]<ref name=arkiv>[http://www.arkivmusic.com/classical/album.jsp?album_id=60802 ArkivMusik]</ref>
* Beethoven: [[Piano Trio, Op. 97 (Beethoven)|''Archduke'' Trio]]<ref name=arkiv>{{Cite web |url=https://www.arkivmusic.com/products/beethovenbrahamsschubert-248932 |title=BEETHOVEN: ARCHDUKE TRIO; SCH |website=ArkivMusic}}{{deadlink|date=November 2023}}</ref>
* [[Alexander Borodin|Borodin]]: String Sextet in D minor
* [[Alexander Borodin|Borodin]]: String Sextet in D minor
* [[Johannes Brahms|Brahms]]: [[Double Concerto (Brahms)|Double Concerto]], with Oistrakh and the USSR Symphony Orchestra under [[Karl Eliasberg]]<ref>[http://www.arkivmusic.com/classical/album.jsp?album_id=142925 ArkivMusik]</ref>
* [[Johannes Brahms|Brahms]]: [[Double Concerto (Brahms)|Double Concerto]], with Oistrakh and the USSR Symphony Orchestra under [[Karl Eliasberg]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.arkivmusic.com/classical/album.jsp?album_id=142925|title=ArkivMusik}}{{deadlink|date=November 2023}}</ref>
* [[Frédéric Chopin|Chopin]]: [[Piano Trio (Chopin)|Piano Trio in G minor]], Op. 8<ref name=CDU/><ref name=HBD/>
* [[Frédéric Chopin|Chopin]]: [[Piano Trio (Chopin)|Piano Trio in G minor]], Op. 8<ref name=CDU/><ref name=HBD/>
* [[Antonín Dvořák|Dvořák]]: [[Piano Trio No. 4 (Dvořák)|Piano Trio No. 4, ''Dumky Trio'']], Op. 90<ref name=HBD/> and Trio in F minor, Op. 65<ref>[http://www.musicweb-international.com/classrev/2004/Sept04/Dvorak_trios.htm Music Web International]</ref>
* [[Antonín Dvořák|Dvořák]]: [[Piano Trio No. 4 (Dvořák)|Piano Trio No. 4, ''Dumky Trio'']], Op. 90<ref name=HBD/> and Trio in F minor, Op. 65<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.musicweb-international.com/classrev/2004/Sept04/Dvorak_trios.htm |title=Dvorak Trios PREISER 90593 [JW]: Classical CD Reviews- September 2004 MusicWeb(UK) |website=www.musicweb-international.com |access-date=21 November 2023}}</ref>
* [[Aram Khachaturian|Khachaturian]]: [[Cello Concerto (Khachaturian)|Cello Concerto in E minor]] (the premiere performance; and a later one conducted by [[Aleksandr Gauk]])<ref name=MWI>[http://www.musicweb-international.com/classrev/2008/June08/Gauk_8866.htm Music Web International]</ref>
* [[Aram Khachaturian|Khachaturian]]: [[Cello Concerto (Khachaturian)|Cello Concerto in E minor]] (the premiere performance; and a later one conducted by [[Alexander Gauk]])<ref name=MWI>{{Cite web |url=http://www.musicweb-international.com/classrev/2008/June08/Gauk_8866.htm |title=Alexander Gauk Archives Brilliant 8866 [RB]: Classical CD Reviews – June 2008 MusicWeb-International |website=www.musicweb-international.com}}</ref>
* [[Nikolai Myaskovsky|Myaskovsky]]: Cello Sonata No. 1 in D, Op. 12<ref name=MWI2>[http://www.musicweb-international.com/classrev/2002/nov02/Miaskovsky_survey.htm Music Web International]</ref>
* [[Nikolai Myaskovsky|Myaskovsky]]: Cello Sonata No. 1 in D, Op. 12<ref name=MWI2>{{Cite web |author=Jonathan Woolf |url=http://www.musicweb-international.com/classrev/2002/nov02/Miaskovsky_survey.htm |title=Classical Music Reviews – November 2002 MusicWeb-International |website=www.musicweb-international.com |access-date=18 November 2023}}</ref>
* [[David Popper|Popper]]: Cello Concerto in C
* [[David Popper|Popper]]: Cello Concerto in C
* [[Sergei Rachmaninoff|Rachmaninoff]]: [[Cello Sonata (Rachmaninoff)|Cello Sonata in G minor]], Op. 19
* [[Sergei Rachmaninoff|Rachmaninoff]]: [[Cello Sonata (Rachmaninoff)|Cello Sonata in G minor]], Op. 19
* [[Maurice Ravel|Ravel]]: [[Piano Trio (Ravel)|Piano Trio in A minor]]<ref name=HBD/>
* [[Maurice Ravel|Ravel]]: [[Piano Trio (Ravel)|Piano Trio in A minor]]<ref name=HBD/>
* [[Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov|Rimsky-Korsakov]]: Piano Trio in C (1897, incomplete; completed 1939 by [[Maximilian Steinberg]]; world premiere recording)<ref name=MWI3>[http://www.musicweb-international.com/classrev//2004/Sept04/rimsky_trio.htm Music Web International]</ref>
* [[Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov|Rimsky-Korsakov]]: Piano Trio in C (1897, incomplete; completed 1939 by [[Maximilian Steinberg]]; world premiere recording)<ref name=MWI3>{{Cite web |url=http://www.musicweb-international.com/classrev//2004/Sept04/rimsky_trio.htm |title=RIMSKY-KORSAKOV, SMETANA Trios PREISER 90595 [JW]: Classical CD Reviews- September 2004 MusicWeb(UK) |website=www.musicweb-international.com}}</ref>
* [[Camille Saint-Saëns|Saint-Saëns]]: [[Cello Concerto No. 1 (Saint-Saëns)|Cello Concerto No. 1 in A minor]], Op. 33
* [[Camille Saint-Saëns|Saint-Saëns]]: [[Cello Concerto No. 1 (Saint-Saëns)|Cello Concerto No. 1 in A minor]], Op. 33
* [[Franz Schubert|Schubert]]: [[Octet (Schubert)|Octet in F major]], D. 803<ref name=arkiv/>
* [[Franz Schubert|Schubert]]: [[Octet (Schubert)|Octet in F major]], D. 803<ref name=arkiv/>
* Schubert: [[Piano Trio No. 1 (Schubert)|Piano Trio No. 1 in B-flat]]<ref name=arkiv/>
* Schubert: [[Piano Trio No. 1 (Schubert)|Piano Trio No. 1 in B-flat]]<ref name=arkiv/>
* Schubert: [[Piano Trio No. 2 (Schubert)|Piano Trio No. 2 in E-flat]]<ref name=CDU>[http://www.cduniverse.com/search/xx/music/pid/6777096/a/Schubert:+Trio+No.+2+In+E+Flat+Major,+D+929,+Op.+100%3B+Chopin:+Trio+In+G+Minor,+Op.+8.htm CD Universe]</ref>
* Schubert: [[Piano Trio No. 2 (Schubert)|Piano Trio No. 2 in E-flat]]<ref name=CDU>{{Cite web |url=https://www.cduniverse.com/search/xx/music/pid/6777096/a/schubert:&frm=www.cduniverse.com |title=Chopin / Knushevitzky / D Oistrakh / Schubert – Famous Oistrakh Trio CD Album |website=www.cduniverse.com |access-date=21 November 2023}}</ref>
* [[Robert Schumann|Schumann]]: Piano Trio No. 2 in F, Op. 80
* [[Robert Schumann|Schumann]]: Piano Trio No. 2 in F, Op. 80
* [[Dmitri Shostakovich|Shostakovich]]: [[Piano Trio No. 2 (Shostakovich)|Piano Trio No. 2 in E minor]], Op. 67<ref>[http://www.arkivmusic.com/classical/album.jsp?album_id=39668 ArkivMusik]</ref>
* [[Dmitri Shostakovich|Shostakovich]]: [[Piano Trio No. 2 (Shostakovich)|Piano Trio No. 2 in E minor]], Op. 67<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.arkivmusic.com/classical/album.jsp?album_id=39668 |title=ArkivMusik}}</ref>
* [[Bedřich Smetana|Smetana]]: Piano Trio in G minor, Op. 15<ref name=HBD>[http://www.hbdirect.com/album_detail.php?pid=1030559 HB Direct]</ref><ref name=MWI3/>
* [[Bedřich Smetana|Smetana]]: Piano Trio in G minor, Op. 15<ref name=HBD>{{Cite web |url=http://www.hbdirect.com/album_detail.php?pid=1030559 |title=HB Direct |website=www.hbdirect.com}}{{deadlink|date=November 2023}}</ref><ref name=MWI3/>
* [[Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky|Tchaikovsky]]: [[Variations on a Rococo Theme]], Op. 33 (conducted by Aleksandr Gauk<ref name=MWI/>)
* [[Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky|Tchaikovsky]]: [[Variations on a Rococo Theme]], Op. 33 (conducted by Alexander Gauk<ref name=MWI/>)
* Tchaikovsky: [[Piano Trio (Tchaikovsky)|Piano Trio in A minor]], Op. 50<ref>[http://www.hbdirect.com/browse_classical.php?v%5B0%5D=performer&performer=K&do=specific_performer&specific_performer=Knushevitzky%2C+Sviatoslav HB Direct]</ref>
* Tchaikovsky: [[Piano Trio (Tchaikovsky)|Piano Trio in A minor]], Op. 50<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.hbdirect.com/browse_classical.php?v%5B0%5D=performer&performer=K&do=specific_performer&specific_performer=Knushevitzky%2C+Sviatoslav |title=HB Direct |website=www.hbdirect.com}}</ref>
* Tchaikovsky: [[Souvenir de Florence|String Sextet in D minor, ''Souvenir de Florence'']], Op. 70, with [[Elizabeth Gilels|Elizaveta Gilels]] (violin), [[Rudolf Barshai]] and [[Genrikh Talalyan]] (violas), and [[Mstislav Rostropovich]] (cello).<ref>[http://tchaikovsky-research.net/en/news/experience.html Tchaikovsky Research Net]</ref>
* Tchaikovsky: [[Souvenir de Florence|String Sextet in D minor, ''Souvenir de Florence'']], Op. 70, with [[Elizabeth Gilels]] (violin), [[Rudolf Barshai]] and [[Genrikh Talalyan]] (violas), and [[Mstislav Rostropovich]] (cello).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://tchaikovsky-research.net/en/news/experience.html |title=Tchaikovsky Research : BBC Tchaikovsky Experience |website=tchaikovsky-research.net}}</ref>


==References==
==References==
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==Sources==
==Sources==
* [http://www.prestoclassical.co.uk/r/Brilliant+Classics/8924 Presto Classical]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20151010100905/http://www.prestoclassical.co.uk/r/Brilliant%2BClassics/8924 Presto Classical]

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{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2010}}


{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Knushevitsky, Sviatoslav}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Knushevitsky, Sviatoslav}}
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[[Category:Soviet classical cellists]]
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[[Category:Russian classical cellists]]
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[[Category:Soviet music educators]]
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[[Category:Russian music educators]]
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[[Category:Stalin Prize winners]]
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[[Category:Honored Artists of RSFSR]]
[[Category:People from Petrovsk]]
[[Category:1908 births]]
[[Category:1908 births]]
[[Category:1963 deaths]]
[[Category:1963 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century cellists]]
[[Category:20th-century classical musicians]]
[[Category:20th-century classical musicians]]
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[[Category:People from Petrovsk]]
[[Category:Academic staff of Moscow Conservatory]]
[[Category:Moscow Conservatory alumni]]
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[[Category:Recipients of the Stalin Prize]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Order of the Red Banner of Labour]]
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[[Category:Russian classical cellists]]
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[[Category:Russian music educators]]
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[[Category:Soviet classical cellists]]
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[[Category:Soviet music educators]]
[[Category:Burials at Novodevichy Cemetery]]

Latest revision as of 15:11, 27 May 2024

Sviatoslav Nikolayevich Knushevitsky (also seen as Knushevitzky; 6 January 1908 [O.S. 24 December 1907] – 19 February 1963) was a Soviet-Russian classical cellist. He was particularly noted for his partnership with the violinist David Oistrakh and the pianist Lev Oborin in a renowned piano trio from 1940 until his death. After Mstislav Rostropovich and Daniil Shafran, he is spoken of as one of the pre-eminent Russian cellists of the 20th century.

Biography

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Sviatoslav Knushevitsky was born at Petrovsk, Saratov Oblast, on 6 January 1908 [O.S. 24 December 1907].[1] He studied at the Moscow Conservatory with Semyon Kozolupov,[2][3][4] graduating with a gold medal. He joined the Bolshoi Theatre Orchestra in 1929, remaining their principal cellist until 1943.[5]

In 1933 Knushevitsky won First Prize at the All-Union Music Competition.[6] In 1940 he joined in partnership with the violinist David Oistrakh and the pianist Lev Oborin in a renowned piano trio, often referred to as the Oistrakh Trio, which concertised and recorded a great deal in many countries. He also joined a string quartet with Oistrakh, Pyotr Bondarenko and Mikhail Terian,[3][7] known as the Beethoven Quartet.[1] His sonata performances with Oistrakh were considered the equal in their day of the later duo of Sviatoslav Richter and Mstislav Rostropovich.[6]

In 1941 Knushevitsky joined the staff of the Moscow Conservatory, becoming a professor in 1950. From 1954 to 1959 he was chair of cello and double bass studies.[1] His pupils there included the cellists Stefan Popov, Mikhail Khomitser and Yevgeny Altman,[6] and the double bassist Rodion Azarkhin.[8]

Cello concertos were written for him by:

Other composers who wrote for him were Sergei Vasilenko and Alexander Goedicke.[1] His repertoire included mainstream works from concertos and chamber works through to smaller pieces and arrangements, along with contemporary and rarer works such as the Richard Strauss Cello Sonata and the Solo Cello Suites of Max Reger.

Sviatoslav Knushevitsky was an alcoholic,[5] which, along with his frenetic lifestyle, contributed to his early death at the age of 55 in 1963, in Moscow.

Family

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Sviatoslav Knushevitsky's brother Victor (1906–1974) was a violinist and from 1936 the conductor of a renowned Russian jazz ensemble, the State Jazz Orchestra of the USSR.[1][3]

His wife Natalia Shpiller (1909–1995) was a soprano soloist of the Bolshoi Theatre for over 30 years. She was a favourite of Joseph Stalin and often sang at the Kremlin.[11] She taught at the Gnessin Institute 1950–1995.[12]

Awards and honors

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Recordings

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Sviatoslav Knushevitsky's many recordings include:

References

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  1. ^ a b c d e "Knushevitsky Svetoslav, photo, biography". persona.rin.ru.
  2. ^ Semyon Kozolupov 1884–1961; uncle and teacher of Mstislav Rostropovich; pupil of Aleksandr Verzhbilovich, a friend and contemporary of Tchaikovsky
  3. ^ a b c "Catalogue // Classic // Svyatoslav Knushevitsky M.Reger, R.Strauss, J.S.Bach, A.Wilhelmi, M.T. von Paradies, G.Pekker, F.Chopin, A.Glazunov, F.Mendelssohn-Bartholdy, C.Saint-Saens". Archived from the original on 10 January 2011.
  4. ^ Elizabeth Wilson (1999). Jacqueline Du Pré: Her Life, Her Music, Her Legend. Arcade Publishing. p. 178. ISBN 978-1-55970-490-8.
  5. ^ a b "Sviatoslav Knushevitsky Edition Brilliant Classics: 8924". Presto Classical. Archived from the original on 10 October 2015.
  6. ^ a b c d "Главная". www.mosconsv.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 17 November 2023.
  7. ^ "Oistrakh, David- Bio, Albums, Pictures – Naxos Classical Music". www.naxos.com.[dead link]
  8. ^ "Art of Rodion Azarkhin". www.monova.org.[dead link]
  9. ^ a b Jonathan Woolf. "Classical Music Reviews – November 2002 MusicWeb-International". www.musicweb-international.com. Retrieved 18 November 2023.
  10. ^ Soviet Composers Archived 18 December 2009 at the Wayback Machine
  11. ^ McMillan, Arnold (21 October 1995). "Natalia Shpiller: Songs for Stalin". The Guardian. p. 32.
  12. ^ "ШПИ́ЛЛЕР (en: Natalia Shpiller)". Great Russian Encyclopedia (in Russian). Retrieved 10 July 2021.
  13. ^ a b c d "BEETHOVEN: ARCHDUKE TRIO; SCH". ArkivMusic.[dead link]
  14. ^ "ArkivMusik".[dead link]
  15. ^ a b "Chopin / Knushevitzky / D Oistrakh / Schubert – Famous Oistrakh Trio CD Album". www.cduniverse.com. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
  16. ^ a b c d "HB Direct". www.hbdirect.com.[dead link]
  17. ^ "Dvorak Trios PREISER 90593 [JW]: Classical CD Reviews- September 2004 MusicWeb(UK)". www.musicweb-international.com. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
  18. ^ a b "Alexander Gauk Archives Brilliant 8866 [RB]: Classical CD Reviews – June 2008 MusicWeb-International". www.musicweb-international.com.
  19. ^ a b "RIMSKY-KORSAKOV, SMETANA Trios PREISER 90595 [JW]: Classical CD Reviews- September 2004 MusicWeb(UK)". www.musicweb-international.com.
  20. ^ "ArkivMusik".
  21. ^ "HB Direct". www.hbdirect.com.
  22. ^ "Tchaikovsky Research : BBC Tchaikovsky Experience". tchaikovsky-research.net.

Sources

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