Classic Ethernet: Difference between revisions
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{{short description|Early 10 Mbit/s Ethernet standards}} |
{{short description|Early 10 Mbit/s Ethernet standards}} |
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{{ |
{{Use American English|date=July 2020}} |
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'''Classic Ethernet''' is a family of 10 |
'''Classic Ethernet''' is a family of {{val|10|ul=Mbit/s}} [[Ethernet]] standards, which is the first generation of Ethernet standards. In 10BASE-X, the 10 represents its maximum throughput of {{val|10|u=Mbit/s}}, BASE indicates its use of [[baseband]] transmission, and X indicates the type of medium used. Classic Ethernet includes coax, [[Twisted-pair Ethernet|twisted pair]] and optical variants. The first Ethernet standard was published in 1983 and classic Ethernet operating at {{val|10|u=Mbit/s}} was the dominant form of Ethernet until the first standard for [[Fast Ethernet]] was approved in 1995.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://standards.ieee.org/ieee/802.3u/1079/ |title=IEEE Standards for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks: Supplement - Media Access Control (MAC) Parameters, Physical Layer, Medium Attachment Units, and Repeater for 100 Mb/s Operation, Type 100BASE-T (Clauses 21-30) | publisher=IEEE Standards Association |access-date=2023-06-04}}</ref> |
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== Varieties == |
== Varieties == |
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⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
|- |
|- |
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! Name |
! Name |
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! Standard |
! Standard |
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! Status |
! Status |
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! Media |
! style="width: 170px;" | Media |
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! Connector |
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! [[Optical fiber connector|OFC]] or [[RF connector|RFC]] |
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! Transceiver Module |
! <small>Transceiver<br />Module</small> |
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! Reach |
! Reach<br />in m |
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! <small>#<br/>{{tooltip|Media|Number of physical media (wires/fibres) needed for bidirectional traffic}}<br/>(⇆)</small> |
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! # Media |
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! <small>#<br/>{{tooltip|Lambdas|Number of wavelengths used in each direction}}<br/>(→)</small> |
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! Lanes (⇅) |
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! <small>#<br/>{{tooltip|Lanes|Number of lanes (on the wire/fibre) in each direction}}<br/>(→)</small> |
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! Notes |
! Notes |
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|- |
|- |
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| colspan=" |
| colspan="11" {{N/A|'''Classic [[coaxial cable|coaxial]] Ethernet''' - <small>([[Data signaling rate|Data rate]]: 10 Mbit/s - [[Line code]]: [[Manchester coding|PE]] - Line rate: 20 [[Baud|MBd]] - Full-Duplex / Half-Duplex)</small>}} |
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|- |
|- |
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| [[10BASE5]]<br /><small>{{nowrap|''Thick Ethernet''}}</small><br /><small>''DIX Standard''</small> |
| {{nowrap|[[10BASE5]]}}<br /><small>{{nowrap|''Thick Ethernet''}}</small><br /><small>''DIX Standard''</small> |
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| {{nowrap|802.3-1983}}<br /><small>(CL8)</small> |
| {{nowrap|802.3-1983}}<br /><small>(CL8)</small> |
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| {{N/A|obsolete<br />09/2003}} |
| {{N/A|obsolete<br />09/2003}} |
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| {{terminated|Coax<br />RG- |
| {{terminated|[[Coaxial cable|Coax]]<br />[[RG-8]]X<br />(50 [[Ohm|Ω]])}} |
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| {{terminated|[[Attachment Unit Interface|AUI]],<br />[[N connector|N]],<br />[[Vampire tap]]}} |
| {{terminated|[[Attachment Unit Interface|AUI]],<br />[[N connector|N]],<br />[[Vampire tap]]}} |
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| rowspan=" |
| rowspan="2" align="right" | [[Medium Attachment Unit|MAU]] |
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| |
| style="text-align:right;" | 500 |
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| |
| style="text-align:right;" | 1 |
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| |
| style="text-align:right;" | N/A |
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⚫ | |||
| <small>[[Local area network|LAN]]; original standard;<br />electrical [[bus topology]] with [[ |
| <small>[[Local area network|LAN]]; original standard;<br />electrical [[bus topology]] with [[Collision (telecommunications)|collision]] detection;<br />uses a single coaxial cable into which you literally tap a connection by drilling into the cable to connect to the core and screen.</small> |
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|- |
|- |
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| [[10BASE2]]<br /><small>{{nowrap|''Thin Ethernet''}}</small><br /><small>''ThinNet''</small><br /><small>''Cheapernet''</small> |
| {{nowrap|[[10BASE2]]}}<br /><small>{{nowrap|''Thin Ethernet''}}</small><br /><small>''ThinNet''</small><br /><small>''Cheapernet''</small> |
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| {{nowrap|802.3a-1988}}<br /><small>(CL10)</small> |
| {{nowrap|802.3a-1988}}<br /><small>(CL10)</small> |
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| {{N/A|obsolete<br />09/2011}} |
| {{N/A|obsolete<br />09/2011}} |
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| {{terminated|Coax<br />RG-58<br />(50 Ω)}} |
| {{terminated|[[Coaxial cable|Coax]]<br />[[RG-58]]<br />(50 Ω)}} |
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| {{terminated|[[BNC connector|BNC]],<br />[[EAD socket|EAD/TAE-E]]}} |
| {{terminated|[[BNC connector|BNC]],<br />[[EAD socket|EAD/TAE-E]]}} |
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| |
| style="text-align:right;" | 185 |
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| |
| style="text-align:right;" | 1 |
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| |
| style="text-align:right;" | N/A |
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⚫ | |||
| <small>LAN; dominant standard from the mid to late 1980s;<br />electrical bus topology with collision detection;<br />coaxial cable connects machines together, each machine using a T-connector to connect to its [[Network interface controller|NIC]]. Requires [[Electrical termination|terminators]] at each end.</small> |
| <small>LAN; dominant standard from the mid to late 1980s;<br />electrical bus topology with collision detection;<br />coaxial cable connects machines together, each machine using a T-connector to connect to its [[Network interface controller|NIC]]. Requires [[Electrical termination|terminators]] at each end.</small> |
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|- |
|- |
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| colspan="11" {{N/A|'''Classic [[Optical fibre|fibre]] Ethernet''' - <small>([[Data signaling rate|Data rate]]: 10 Mbit/s - [[Line code]]: [[Manchester coding|PE]] - Line rate: 20 [[Baud|MBd]] - Full-Duplex / Half-Duplex)</small>}} |
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⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
| |
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⚫ | |||
| align="right" | 2 |
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⚫ | |||
| |
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|- |
|- |
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| [[Fiber-optic inter-repeater link|FOIRL]] |
| {{nowrap|[[Fiber-optic inter-repeater link|FOIRL]]}} |
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| {{nowrap|802.3d-1987<br /><small>(CL9.9)</small> |
| {{nowrap|802.3d-1987}}<br /><small>(CL9.9)</small> |
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| {{N/A|superseded}} |
| {{N/A|superseded}} |
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| {{CGuest|Fibre<br /><small>'''{{fontcolour|red|850 nm}}'''</small>}} |
| {{CGuest|Fibre<br /><small>'''{{fontcolour|red|850 nm}}'''</small>}} |
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| {{CGuest|[[ST connector|ST]]}} |
| {{CGuest|[[ST connector|ST]]}} |
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| rowspan="4" align="right" | [[Medium Attachment Unit|MAU]] |
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| {{nowrap|[[Optical fiber|OF]]: |
| {{nowrap|[[Optical fiber|OF]]: 1k}} |
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⚫ | |||
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| style="text-align:right;" | 2 |
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⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
|- |
|- |
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| {{nowrap|[[10BASE-F#10BASE-FL|10BASE-FL]]}} |
| {{nowrap|[[10BASE-F#10BASE-FL|10BASE-FL]]}} |
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| {{CGuest|Fibre<br /><small>'''{{fontcolour|red|850 nm}}'''</small>}} |
| {{CGuest|Fibre<br /><small>'''{{fontcolour|red|850 nm}}'''</small>}} |
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| {{CGuest|ST}} |
| {{CGuest|ST}} |
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| style="background-color:orange" | {{nowrap|FDDI: |
| style="background-color:orange" | {{nowrap|FDDI: 2k}} |
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| style="text-align:right;" | 2 |
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| |
| style="text-align:right;" | 1 |
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| style="text-align:right;" | 1 |
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| <small>Nodes</small> |
| <small>[[Node (networking)|Nodes]]</small> |
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|- |
|- |
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| {{nowrap|[[10BASE-F#10BASE-FB|10BASE-FB]]}} |
| {{nowrap|[[10BASE-F#10BASE-FB|10BASE-FB]]}} |
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| {{CGuest|Fibre<br /><small>'''{{fontcolour|red|850 nm}}'''</small>}} |
| {{CGuest|Fibre<br /><small>'''{{fontcolour|red|850 nm}}'''</small>}} |
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| {{CGuest|ST}} |
| {{CGuest|ST}} |
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| style="background-color:orange" | {{nowrap|FDDI: |
| style="background-color:orange" | {{nowrap|FDDI: 2k}} |
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| |
| style="text-align:right;" | 2 |
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| |
| style="text-align:right;" | 1 |
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| style="text-align:right;" | 1 |
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| <small>synchronous inter-[[repeater]] connections</small> |
| <small>synchronous inter-[[repeater]] connections</small> |
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|- |
|- |
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| {{CGuest|Fibre<br /><small>'''{{fontcolour|red|850 nm}}'''</small>}} |
| {{CGuest|Fibre<br /><small>'''{{fontcolour|red|850 nm}}'''</small>}} |
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| {{CGuest|ST}} |
| {{CGuest|ST}} |
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| style="background-color:orange" | {{nowrap|FDDI: |
| style="background-color:orange" | {{nowrap|FDDI: 1k}} |
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| |
| style="text-align:right;" | 2 |
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| |
| style="text-align:right;" | 1 |
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| style="text-align:right;" | 1 |
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| {{N/A|passive, repeaterless [[star network]];<br />''{{fontcolour|red|Market Failure, never implemented}}''}} |
| {{N/A|<small>passive, repeaterless [[star network]];<br />''{{fontcolour|red|Market Failure, never implemented}}''</small>}} |
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⚫ | |||
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== 10BASE-F == |
== Fibre-based standards (10BASE-F) == |
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''10BASE-F'', or sometimes ''10BASE-FX'', is a generic term for the family of 10 Mbit/s [[Ethernet]] standards using [[fiber-optic cable]]. In 10BASE-F, the 10 represents a maximum throughput of 10 Mbit/s, BASE indicates its use of [[baseband]] transmission, and F indicates that it relies on a medium of fiber-optic cable. The technical standard requires two strands of 62.5/125 μm [[multimode fiber]]. One strand is used for data transmission while the other is used for reception, making 10BASE-F a [[full-duplex]] technology. There are three different variants of 10BASE-F: '''10BASE-FL''', '''10BASE-FB''' and '''10BASE-FP'''. Of these only 10BASE-FL experienced widespread use.<ref name="TDG_ETH_2nd">{{cite book |title=Ethernet: The Definitive Guide |edition=2nd |author=Charles E. Spurgeon |publisher=O'Reilly Media |year=2014 |isbn=978-1-4493-6184-6}}</ref> With the introduction of later standards 10 Mbit/s technology has been largely replaced by faster [[Fast Ethernet]], [[Gigabit Ethernet]] and [[100 Gigabit Ethernet]] standards. |
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⚫ | |||
⚫ | ''Fiber-optic inter-repeater link'' (FOIRL) is a specification of Ethernet over optical fiber. It was specially designed as a back-to-back transport between [[Ethernet hub|repeater hubs]] to decrease latency and [[Collision domain|collision]] detection time, thus increasing the possible network radius. It was replaced by [[10BASE-FL]].<ref name="TDG_ETH_2nd" /> |
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=== 10BASE-FL === |
=== 10BASE-FL === |
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10BASE-FL is the most commonly used 10BASE-F specification of |
10BASE-FL is the most commonly used 10BASE-F specification of Ethernet over [[optical fiber]]. In 10BASE-FL, ''FL'' stands for fiber optic link. It replaces the original [[fiber-optic inter-repeater link]] (FOIRL) specification, but retains compatibility with FOIRL-based equipment. When mixed with FOIRL equipment, the maximum segment length is limited to FOIRL's 1000 meters.<ref name="TDG_ETH_2nd" /> |
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=== 10BASE-FB === |
=== 10BASE-FB === |
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The 10BASE-FB is a [[network segment]] used to bridge [[Ethernet hub]]s. Here ''FB'' abbreviates FiberBackbone. Due to the [[Synchronization (computer science)|synchronous]] operation of 10BASE-FB, delays normally associated with |
The 10BASE-FB is a [[network segment]] used to bridge [[Ethernet hub]]s. Here ''FB'' abbreviates FiberBackbone. Due to the [[Synchronization (computer science)|synchronous]] operation of 10BASE-FB, delays normally associated with Ethernet [[repeater]]s are reduced, thus allowing segment distances to be extended without compromising the collision detection mechanism. The maximum allowable segment length for 10BASE-FB is 2000 meters. This media system allowed multiple half-duplex Ethernet signal repeaters to be linked in series, exceeding the limit on the total number of repeaters that could be used in a given 10 Mbit/s Ethernet system. 10BASE-FB links were attached to synchronous signaling repeater hubs and used to link the hubs together in a half-duplex repeated backbone system that could span longer distances.<ref name="TDG_ETH_2nd" /> |
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⚫ | |||
⚫ | ''Fiber-optic inter-repeater link'' (FOIRL) is a specification of Ethernet over optical fiber. It was |
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=== 10BASE-FP === |
=== 10BASE-FP === |
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In 10BASE-FP, ''FP'' denotes |
In 10BASE-FP, ''FP'' denotes ''fibre passive''. This variant calls for a non-powered optical signal coupler capable of linking up to 33 devices, with each segment being up to 500 m in length. This formed a [[star network]] centered on the signal coupler. A LAN implementing this standard was applied as a branch LAN to construct an all-optical fiber hierarchical integrated LAN with a high-speed LAN (FDDI, etc.) as the backbone.<ref name="TDG_ETH_2nd" /><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Parker |first1=Tim |title=Obscure standard may make you flip for fibre |journal=ProQuest Computer Science Journals |volume=13 |issue=11 |date=2000-07-10 |publisher=Rogers Publishing Limited|id={{ProQuest|274984076}} }}</ref> |
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==See also== |
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⚫ | |||
== References == |
== References == |
Latest revision as of 15:03, 19 May 2024
Classic Ethernet is a family of 10 Mbit/s Ethernet standards, which is the first generation of Ethernet standards. In 10BASE-X, the 10 represents its maximum throughput of 10 Mbit/s, BASE indicates its use of baseband transmission, and X indicates the type of medium used. Classic Ethernet includes coax, twisted pair and optical variants. The first Ethernet standard was published in 1983 and classic Ethernet operating at 10 Mbit/s was the dominant form of Ethernet until the first standard for Fast Ethernet was approved in 1995.[1]
Varieties
[edit]Name | Standard | Status | Media | Connector | Transceiver Module |
Reach in m |
# Media (⇆) |
# Lambdas (→) |
# Lanes (→) |
Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Classic coaxial Ethernet - (Data rate: 10 Mbit/s - Line code: PE - Line rate: 20 MBd - Full-Duplex / Half-Duplex) | ||||||||||
10BASE5 Thick Ethernet DIX Standard |
802.3-1983 (CL8) |
obsolete 09/2003 |
Coax RG-8X (50 Ω) |
AUI, N, Vampire tap |
MAU | 500 | 1 | N/A | 1 | LAN; original standard; electrical bus topology with collision detection; uses a single coaxial cable into which you literally tap a connection by drilling into the cable to connect to the core and screen. |
10BASE2 Thin Ethernet ThinNet Cheapernet |
802.3a-1988 (CL10) |
obsolete 09/2011 |
Coax RG-58 (50 Ω) |
BNC, EAD/TAE-E |
185 | 1 | N/A | 1 | LAN; dominant standard from the mid to late 1980s; electrical bus topology with collision detection; coaxial cable connects machines together, each machine using a T-connector to connect to its NIC. Requires terminators at each end. | |
Classic fibre Ethernet - (Data rate: 10 Mbit/s - Line code: PE - Line rate: 20 MBd - Full-Duplex / Half-Duplex) | ||||||||||
FOIRL | 802.3d-1987 (CL9.9) |
superseded | Fibre 850 nm |
ST | MAU | OF: 1k | 2 | 1 | 1 | original standard for Ethernet over fiber; uses any optical fiber with up to 4 dB/km attenuation and at least 150 MHz bandwidth; superseded by 10BASE-FL |
10BASE-FL | 802.3j-1993 (CL15/18) |
largely obsolete |
Fibre 850 nm |
ST | FDDI: 2k | 2 | 1 | 1 | Nodes | |
10BASE-FB | 802.3j-1993 (CL15/17) |
largely obsolete |
Fibre 850 nm |
ST | FDDI: 2k | 2 | 1 | 1 | synchronous inter-repeater connections | |
10BASE-FP | 802.3j-1993 (CL15/16) |
obsolete | Fibre 850 nm |
ST | FDDI: 1k | 2 | 1 | 1 | passive, repeaterless star network; Market Failure, never implemented |
Fibre-based standards (10BASE-F)
[edit]10BASE-F, or sometimes 10BASE-FX, is a generic term for the family of 10 Mbit/s Ethernet standards using fiber-optic cable. In 10BASE-F, the 10 represents a maximum throughput of 10 Mbit/s, BASE indicates its use of baseband transmission, and F indicates that it relies on a medium of fiber-optic cable. The technical standard requires two strands of 62.5/125 μm multimode fiber. One strand is used for data transmission while the other is used for reception, making 10BASE-F a full-duplex technology. There are three different variants of 10BASE-F: 10BASE-FL, 10BASE-FB and 10BASE-FP. Of these only 10BASE-FL experienced widespread use.[2] With the introduction of later standards 10 Mbit/s technology has been largely replaced by faster Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet and 100 Gigabit Ethernet standards.
FOIRL
[edit]Fiber-optic inter-repeater link (FOIRL) is a specification of Ethernet over optical fiber. It was specially designed as a back-to-back transport between repeater hubs to decrease latency and collision detection time, thus increasing the possible network radius. It was replaced by 10BASE-FL.[2]
10BASE-FL
[edit]10BASE-FL is the most commonly used 10BASE-F specification of Ethernet over optical fiber. In 10BASE-FL, FL stands for fiber optic link. It replaces the original fiber-optic inter-repeater link (FOIRL) specification, but retains compatibility with FOIRL-based equipment. When mixed with FOIRL equipment, the maximum segment length is limited to FOIRL's 1000 meters.[2]
10BASE-FB
[edit]The 10BASE-FB is a network segment used to bridge Ethernet hubs. Here FB abbreviates FiberBackbone. Due to the synchronous operation of 10BASE-FB, delays normally associated with Ethernet repeaters are reduced, thus allowing segment distances to be extended without compromising the collision detection mechanism. The maximum allowable segment length for 10BASE-FB is 2000 meters. This media system allowed multiple half-duplex Ethernet signal repeaters to be linked in series, exceeding the limit on the total number of repeaters that could be used in a given 10 Mbit/s Ethernet system. 10BASE-FB links were attached to synchronous signaling repeater hubs and used to link the hubs together in a half-duplex repeated backbone system that could span longer distances.[2]
10BASE-FP
[edit]In 10BASE-FP, FP denotes fibre passive. This variant calls for a non-powered optical signal coupler capable of linking up to 33 devices, with each segment being up to 500 m in length. This formed a star network centered on the signal coupler. A LAN implementing this standard was applied as a branch LAN to construct an all-optical fiber hierarchical integrated LAN with a high-speed LAN (FDDI, etc.) as the backbone.[2][3]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "IEEE Standards for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks: Supplement - Media Access Control (MAC) Parameters, Physical Layer, Medium Attachment Units, and Repeater for 100 Mb/s Operation, Type 100BASE-T (Clauses 21-30)". IEEE Standards Association. Retrieved 2023-06-04.
- ^ a b c d e Charles E. Spurgeon (2014). Ethernet: The Definitive Guide (2nd ed.). O'Reilly Media. ISBN 978-1-4493-6184-6.
- ^ Parker, Tim (2000-07-10). "Obscure standard may make you flip for fibre". ProQuest Computer Science Journals. 13 (11). Rogers Publishing Limited. ProQuest 274984076.