Tour Total: Difference between revisions

Tour Total
Tour Total
	Tour Total, La Défense, Paris
General information
Type	Office
Architectural style	Modern architecture
Location	La Défense; (Courbevoie)
Coordinates	48°53′34″N 2°14′35″E / 48.89278°N 2.24306°E
Construction started	1982
Completed	1985
Height
Antenna spire	190 m (620 ft)
Roof	187 m (614 ft)
Technical details
Floor count	48
Floor area	130,000 m2 (1,400,000 sq ft)
Design and construction
Architect(s)	WZMH Architects, Roger Saubot
Website
	totalenergies.com/fr/groupe

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Latest revision as of 05:00, 11 May 2024

Tour Total (previously known as Tour Elf from 1985 to 1999, then Tour TotalFinaElf from 1999 to 2003) is an office skyscraper located in La Défense, Courbevoie, the high-rise business district west of and adjacent to the city of Paris, France, designed in the Modern architectural style. The building now serves as headquarters for TotalEnergies, one of the six "Supermajor" oil companies in the world.

Completed and opened in 1985, it is the third-tallest skyscraper in La Défense and the fourth-tallest skyscraper in the Paris area, after the Tour First and the Tour Montparnasse. Tour Total is 190 m (623 ft) tall; a three-metre (9 ft) long antenna is located on its roof, which is 187 m (614 ft) above the ground.

The site on which the Tour Total was built was initially reserved for a skyscraper which would have been a twin tower to Tour Areva, but the oil shock of 1974 forced the investors to cancel their project.

Tour Total is one of La Défense's third generation of skyscrapers. Architects took into account the flaws in towers of previous generations (such as Tour Areva, Tour Gan and Tour AXA). For instance, the Tour Total is much more efficient in terms of energy consumption than previous La Défense skyscrapers.

Standing 48 storeys tall,^[1] Tour Total actually consists of five bodies of different heights super-imposed on each other. The tallest of those bodies has 48 floors, while the next two have 44 and 37 floors respectively.

References

^ Traherne, Harry (6 November 2023). "'French Spiderman' scales 48-storey Paris skyscraper to appeal for peace in Middle East". Telegraph.co.uk. Retrieved 11 May 2024 – via ProQuest.

External links

Tour Elf at Structurae

[1] Traherne, Harry (6 November 2023). "'French Spiderman' scales 48-storey Paris skyscraper to appeal for peace in Middle East". Telegraph.co.uk. Retrieved 11 May 2024 – via ProQuest.

[1]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Office skyscraper located in La Défense, Courbevoie, the high-rise business district}}{{More citations needed|date=May 2024}}
-{{No footnotes|date=August 2008}}
-{{Infobox Skyscraper
+{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2024}}{{Infobox building
-|building_name  = Tour Total
-|image          = [[File:Tour-Total.jpg|thumb|250px]]
+|name               = Tour Total
-|caption        =
+|image              = Tour-Total.jpg
+|image_size         = 240px
-|year_highest   =
+|caption            = Tour Total, La Défense, Paris
-|year_end       =
+|location           = [[La Défense]]<br /><small>([[Courbevoie]])</small>
-|plural         =
+|coordinates        = {{coord|48|53|34|N|2|14|35|E|region:FR|display=inline,title}}
-|location       = [[La Défense]]<br /><small>([[Courbevoie]])</small>
-|coordinates    =
+|status             =
-|status         =
+|start_date         = 1982
+|completion_date    = 1985
-|groundbreaking =
-|constructed    = 1982–1985<br>[[Modern architecture]]
+|architectural_style= [[Modern architecture]]
+|opening            =
-|est_completion =
-|opening        =
+|building_type      = Office
+|antenna_spire      = {{convert|190|m|ft|abbr=on}}
-|demolished     =
+|roof               = {{convert|187|m|ft|abbr=on}}
-|destroyed      =
-|use            = Office
+|top_floor          =
+|floor_count        = 48
-|antenna_spire  = 190 m/623 ft
-|roof           = 187 m/614 ft
+|elevator_count     =
-|top_floor      =
+|cost               =
+|floor_area         = {{convert|130,000|m2|sqft|abbr=on}}
-|floor_count    = 48
+|architect          = [[WZMH Architects]], Roger Saubot
-|elevator_count =
+|structural_engineer=
-|cost           =
+|main_contractor    =
-|floor_area     = 130,000 m<sup>2</sup>/1.4 million ft<sup>2</sup>
-|architect      = [[WZMH Architects]], Roger Saubot
+|developer          =
-|engineer       =
+|owner              =
-|contractor     =
+|management         =
-|developer      =
+|references         =
+|website = {{URL|https://totalenergies.com/fr/groupe}}
-|owner          =
-|management     =
-|references     =
 }}
-'''Tour [[Total SA|Total]]''' (previously known as '''Tour Elf''' from 1985 to 1999, and '''Tour TotalFinaElf''' from 1999 to 2003) is an office [[skyscraper]] located in [[La Défense]], [[Courbevoie]], the high-rise [[Central business district|business district]] west of and adjacent to the city of [[Paris]], [[France]] designed in the [[Modern architecture|Modern architectural style]]. The building now serves as headquarters for [[Total SA]], one of the six "[[Supermajor]]" oil companies in the world.
+'''Tour Total''' (previously known as '''Tour Elf''' from 1985 to 1999, then '''Tour TotalFinaElf''' from 1999 to 2003) is an office [[skyscraper]] located in [[La Défense]], [[Courbevoie]], the high-rise [[Central business district|business district]] west of and adjacent to the city of [[Paris]], [[France]], designed in the [[Modern architecture|Modern architectural style]]. The building now serves as headquarters for [[TotalEnergies]], one of the six "[[Supermajor]]" oil companies in the world.
-Completed and opened in 1985, it is the tallest skyscraper in La Défense and the second-tallest skyscraper in the Paris area, after the [[Tour Montparnasse]]. Tour Total is 190&nbsp;m (623&nbsp;ft) tall; a three-metre (9&nbsp;ft) long antennae is located on its roof which is 187&nbsp;m (614&nbsp;ft) above the ground. The site on which the Tour Total was built was initially reserved for a skyscraper which would have been a twin tower to [[Tour Areva]], but the oil shock of 1974 forced the investors to cancel their project.
+Completed and opened in 1985, it is the third-tallest skyscraper in La Défense and the fourth-tallest skyscraper in the Paris area, after the [[Tour First]] and the [[Tour Montparnasse]]. Tour Total is 190&nbsp;m (623&nbsp;ft) tall; a three-metre (9&nbsp;ft) long antenna is located on its roof, which is 187&nbsp;m (614&nbsp;ft) above the ground.
-Tour Total is one of La Défense's third generation of skyscrapers. Architects took into account the flaws in towers of previous generations (such as [[Tour Areva]], [[Tour Gan]], [[Tour AXA]]). For instance, the Tour Total is much more efficient in terms of energy consumption than previous La Défense skyscrapers.
+The site on which the Tour Total was built was initially reserved for a skyscraper which would have been a twin tower to [[Tour Areva]], but the oil shock of 1974 forced the investors to cancel their project.
-Tour Total actually consists of five bodies of different heights being super-imposed on each other. The tallest of those bodies has 48 floors, the next two have 44 and 37 floors respectively.
+Tour Total is one of La Défense's third generation of skyscrapers. Architects took into account the flaws in towers of previous generations (such as [[Tour Areva]], [[Tour Gan]] and [[Tour AXA]]). For instance, the Tour Total is much more efficient in terms of energy consumption than previous La Défense skyscrapers.
+Standing 48 storeys tall,<ref>{{Cite news |last=Traherne |first=Harry |date=6 November 2023 |title=‘French Spiderman’ scales 48-storey Paris skyscraper to appeal for peace in Middle East |url=https://www.proquest.com/newspapers/french-spiderman-scales-48-storey-paris/docview/2886454213/se-2 |access-date=2024-05-11 |work=Telegraph.co.uk |via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref> Tour Total actually consists of five bodies of different heights super-imposed on each other. The tallest of those bodies has 48 floors, while the next two have 44 and 37 floors respectively.
 == See also ==
-{{Portal|Paris}}
+{{Portal|France|Architecture}}
 * [[Skyscraper]]
 * [[La Défense]]
 * [[List of tallest structures in Paris]]
+==References==
-== External links ==
+{{reflist}}
-* {{structurae|id=s0002173|title=Tour Elf}}
+== External links ==
-{{Coord|48|53|34|N|2|14|35|E|type:landmark_region:FR|display=title}}
+* {{Structurae|id=20002173|title=Tour Elf}}
+{{La Défense}}
-[[Category:Skyscrapers in France|Total]]
+{{Courbevoie}}
-[[Category:La Défense|Total]]
+{{Authority control}}
-[[Category:Tall buildings and structures in the Paris region|Total]]
-[[Category:Skyscrapers between 150 and 199 meters]]
-[[Category:1985 architecture]]
-[[Category:Total S.A.]]
+{{DEFAULTSORT:Total}}
-[[de:Tour Total Coupole]]
+[[Category:Skyscraper office buildings in La Défense]]
-[[es:Tour Total]]
+[[Category:Office buildings completed in 1985]]
-[[fr:Tour Total (Coupole)]]
+[[Category:TotalEnergies]]
-[[id:Tour Total]]
+[[Category:WZMH Architects buildings]]
-[[it:Tour Total]]
+[[Category:1985 establishments in France]]
-[[hu:Tour Total]]
-[[pl:Tour Total]]
-[[fi:Tour Total]]
-[[sv:Tour Total]]
-[[vi:Tháp Total]]