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Blackwater National Wildlife Refuge marshland and forests

Harriet Tubman's birthplace is in Dorchester County, Maryland. Araminta Ross, the daughter of Benjamin (Ben) and Harriet (Rit) Greene Ross, was born into slavery in 1822 ^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4] in her father's cabin.^[2]^[3]^[5]^[a] It was located on the farm of Anthony Thompson at Peter's Neck, at the end of Harrisville Road, which is now part of the Blackwater National Wildlife Refuge.^[2]^[8]^[b]

After a few years, she lived on the Brodess farm with her mother and siblings.^[2]^[8] In the early 1840s, her father was emancipated and received 10 acres of land following Anthony Johnson's death. She was married in 1844 to John Tubman,^[3]^[4] at the same time, she changed her given name, becoming Harriet Tubman.^[2] Realizing she was to be sold following her enslaver's death, Tubman escaped in 1849, when she was 27 years of age.^[4]^[8]^[c] A conductor on the Underground Railroad, she made 13 return trips over 10 years to lead her parents, siblings, and friends to freedom.^[4]^[6]

In March 2021, archaeologists excavated what they determined to be the site of Ben Ross's cabin. They found artifacts from the 1800s, including broken dish ware, glass, a button, and nails.^[2]^[d] In April 2021, it was said that the site was to be added to the Harriet Tubman Underground Railroad Scenic Byway. It is a scenic drive with more than 30 stops over 125 miles.^[2]

Notes

^ A historic marker, located on Maryland 397 near Bucktown states: "Tubman was called 'The Moses of Her People' because of her courageous work on the Underground Railroad. She helped more than 300 slaves escape to freedom."^[6]^[7]

Some people take this to be a marker for her birthplace. The most recent information by historians is that she was born in 1822, in her father's cabin on Anthony Thompsom's farm at what is now Blackwater National Wildlife Refuge, and moved with her mother and siblings to the Brodess farm (near the placement of the marker) when she was several years of age.^[2]^[3]^[5]^[8] Further defining her year and place of birth, Anthony Thompson hired a midwife in March 1822 for Harriet "Rit" Ross, taken in conjunction with the timing of her sibling's life events.^[5]

Dates of birth were typically not recorded for enslaved people. In addition, most parents were unable to record key events. They did not celebrate their birthdays.^[9]
^ The coordinates are based upon this description. There is no United States Geological Survey (USGS) record for the Harriet Tubman birthplace. There is, though, a record for Peters Neck, which is 38°27′54.44″N 76°12′45.8″W / 38.4651222°N 76.212722°W / 38.4651222; -76.212722
^ She may have escaped by following a trail or by following the Transquaking River north of Bucktown to Choptank River about 15 miles from the farm.^[6]
^ Patricia C. Guida received the 2008 Heritage Researcher award for her research into the 2,167 acre farm owned by Anthony C. Thompson, which is mentioned in Harriet Tubman's autobiographies.^[10]

References

^ Holtz, D.; Markham, A.; Cell, K.; Ekwurzel, B. (2014). "Monument to Harriet Tubman's Legacy Is Vulnerable to Rising Sea Levels". National Landmarks at Risk: How Rising Seas, Floods, and Wildfires Are Threatening the United States' Most Cherished Historic Sites. Union of Concerned Scientists. pp. 10–12. JSTOR resrep00036.9. Retrieved May 26, 2021. {{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help)
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h "Historic Find: Archaeologists discover home of Harriet Tubman's father". The News Journal. 2021-04-25. pp. A26. Retrieved 2021-05-26. Ross and his family were enslaved on the Thompson farm, where Tubman was born in 1822. Tubman and her mother were enslaved by the Brodess family a few years later and forced to move away from the Thompson farm.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "Inspiration along Tubman byway". The Atlanta Constitution. 2017-03-09. pp. E4. Retrieved 2021-05-26. The exact date of her birth is unknown, but historians generally agree that Tubman, who had eight siblings, was born Araminta Ross in 1822 to Benjamin and Harriet (Rit) Greene Ross, taking on her mother's first name when she married in 1844. Many have incorrectly cited her birthplace as Bucktown. She was actually born in nearby Peters Neck, on a farm owned by Anthony Thompson, a medical doctor and timber magnate, and was later moved to Bucktown.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "Harriet Tubman (U.S. National Park Service)". www.nps.gov. Retrieved 2021-05-26.
^ ^a ^b ^c Larson, Kate Clifford (2009-02-19). Bound for the Promised Land: Harriet Tubman: Portrait of an American Hero. Random House Publishing Group. pp. xiv, 16, 18–19, 297, 305. ISBN 978-0-307-51476-9. On March 15, 1822, Anthony Thompson paid a midwife $2 to assist Harriet "Rit" Green in childbirth.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Underground Railroad - Special Resource Study - 42 UGRR sites" (PDF). National Park Service. pp. 49, 146, 166. Retrieved 2021-05-25.
^ "Birthplace Marker of Harriet Tubman". VisitMaryland.org. Retrieved 2021-05-26.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "Presidential Proclamation -- Harriet Tubman Underground Railroad National Monument". whitehouse.gov. 2013-03-25. Retrieved 2021-05-26.
^ "Tubman, part 2". The Star-Democrat. 2002-07-30. p. 10. Retrieved 2021-05-28. Part 1 of the article.
^ "ESHI salutes individuals, organizations". The Kent Island Bay Times. 2008-12-03. p. 12. Retrieved 2021-05-26.

External links

Clues of Harriet Tubman's birthplace found in Dorchester County, WBAL-TV 11 Baltimore on YouTube

38°28′36.07″N 76°12′56.11″W / 38.4766861°N 76.2155861°W / 38.4766861; -76.2155861

[10] A historic marker, located on Maryland 397 near Bucktown states: "Tubman was called 'The Moses of Her People' because of her courageous work on the Underground Railroad. She helped more than 300 slaves escape to freedom."^[6]^[7]

Some people take this to be a marker for her birthplace. The most recent information by historians is that she was born in 1822, in her father's cabin on Anthony Thompsom's farm at what is now Blackwater National Wildlife Refuge, and moved with her mother and siblings to the Brodess farm (near the placement of the marker) when she was several years of age.^[2]^[3]^[5]^[8] Further defining her year and place of birth, Anthony Thompson hired a midwife in March 1822 for Harriet "Rit" Ross, taken in conjunction with the timing of her sibling's life events.^[5]

Dates of birth were typically not recorded for enslaved people. In addition, most parents were unable to record key events. They did not celebrate their birthdays.^[9]

[11] The coordinates are based upon this description. There is no United States Geological Survey (USGS) record for the Harriet Tubman birthplace. There is, though, a record for Peters Neck, which is 38°27′54.44″N 76°12′45.8″W / 38.4651222°N 76.212722°W / 38.4651222; -76.212722

[12] She may have escaped by following a trail or by following the Transquaking River north of Bucktown to Choptank River about 15 miles from the farm.^[6]

[14] Patricia C. Guida received the 2008 Heritage Researcher award for her research into the 2,167 acre farm owned by Anthony C. Thompson, which is mentioned in Harriet Tubman's autobiographies.^[10]

[Holtz-1] Holtz, D.; Markham, A.; Cell, K.; Ekwurzel, B. (2014). "Monument to Harriet Tubman's Legacy Is Vulnerable to Rising Sea Levels". National Landmarks at Risk: How Rising Seas, Floods, and Wildfires Are Threatening the United States' Most Cherished Historic Sites. Union of Concerned Scientists. pp. 10–12. JSTOR resrep00036.9. Retrieved May 26, 2021. {{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help)

[TNJ-2] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h "Historic Find: Archaeologists discover home of Harriet Tubman's father". The News Journal. 2021-04-25. pp. A26. Retrieved 2021-05-26. Ross and his family were enslaved on the Thompson farm, where Tubman was born in 1822. Tubman and her mother were enslaved by the Brodess family a few years later and forced to move away from the Thompson farm.

[TAC-3] "Inspiration along Tubman byway". The Atlanta Constitution. 2017-03-09. pp. E4. Retrieved 2021-05-26. The exact date of her birth is unknown, but historians generally agree that Tubman, who had eight siblings, was born Araminta Ross in 1822 to Benjamin and Harriet (Rit) Greene Ross, taking on her mother's first name when she married in 1844. Many have incorrectly cited her birthplace as Bucktown. She was actually born in nearby Peters Neck, on a farm owned by Anthony Thompson, a medical doctor and timber magnate, and was later moved to Bucktown.

[NPS_-_HT-4] "Harriet Tubman (U.S. National Park Service)". www.nps.gov. Retrieved 2021-05-26.

[Larson-5] Larson, Kate Clifford (2009-02-19). Bound for the Promised Land: Harriet Tubman: Portrait of an American Hero. Random House Publishing Group. pp. xiv, 16, 18–19, 297, 305. ISBN 978-0-307-51476-9. On March 15, 1822, Anthony Thompson paid a midwife $2 to assist Harriet "Rit" Green in childbirth.

[NPS_SRS-6] "Underground Railroad - Special Resource Study - 42 UGRR sites" (PDF). National Park Service. pp. 49, 146, 166. Retrieved 2021-05-25.

[7] "Birthplace Marker of Harriet Tubman". VisitMaryland.org. Retrieved 2021-05-26.

[Obama-8] "Presidential Proclamation -- Harriet Tubman Underground Railroad National Monument". whitehouse.gov. 2013-03-25. Retrieved 2021-05-26.

[9] "Tubman, part 2". The Star-Democrat. 2002-07-30. p. 10. Retrieved 2021-05-28. Part 1 of the article.

[13] "ESHI salutes individuals, organizations". The Kent Island Bay Times. 2008-12-03. p. 12. Retrieved 2021-05-26.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 [[File:Harriet Tubman c1868-69 (cropped).jpg|thumb|[[Harriet Tubman]], ca. 1868–1869]]
 [[File:BlackwaterNWR.jpg|thumb|[[Blackwater National Wildlife Refuge]] marshland and forests]]
+__NOTOC__
-'''Harriet Tubman's birthplace''' is in [[Dorchester County, Maryland]]. Araminta Ross, the daughter of Ben Ross, was born into slavery in her father's cabin in 1822.<ref name="TNJ">{{Cite news |date=2021-04-25 |title=Historic Find: Archaeologists discover home of Harriet Tubman's father |pages=A26 |work=The News Journal |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/78341214/historic-find-archaeologists-discover/ |access-date=2021-05-26}}</ref>{{efn|A historic marker, located on Maryland 397 near Bucktown states: "Tubman was called 'The Moses of Her People' because of her courageous work on the Underground Railroad. She helped more than 300 slaves escape to freedom."<ref name="NPS SRS" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Birthplace Marker of Harriet Tubman |url=https://www.visitmaryland.org/listing/history-heritage/birthplace-marker-harriet-tubman |access-date=2021-05-26 |website=VisitMaryland.org |language=en}}</ref> The placement of the marker and information about the year of her birth (1820 vs. 1822), place of birth (Ben Ross cabin at Anthony Thompson farm, now [[Blackwater National Wildlife Refuge]] vs. Greenbrier Road in Cambridge), and to what extent she lived on the Brodess Farm (her entire life up to age 27 vs. after a few years of age and then intermittently) are questionable. The most recent information is that she was born in 1822, was born in her father's cabin, moved with her mother and siblings to the Brodess farm.<ref name="TNJ" /><ref name="Obama" />}} It was located on the farm of Anthony Thompson at Peter's Neck, at the end of Harrisville Road, which is now part of the [[Blackwater National Wildlife Refuge]].<ref name="TNJ" /><ref name="Obama" />
+{{main|Harriet Tubman#Birth and family}}
+'''Harriet Tubman's birthplace''' is in [[Dorchester County, Maryland]]. Araminta Ross, the daughter of Benjamin (Ben) and Harriet (Rit) Greene Ross, was born into slavery in 1822
+<ref name="Holtz">{{cite book |last1=Holtz |first1=D. |last2= Markham | first2=A. |last3=Cell |first3=K. |last4=Ekwurzel|first4=B. |year=2014 |chapter=Monument to Harriet Tubman’s Legacy Is Vulnerable to Rising Sea Levels |title=National Landmarks at Risk: How Rising Seas, Floods, and Wildfires Are Threatening the United States' Most Cherished Historic Sites |journal=National Landmarks at Risk |pages=10–12 |publisher=Union of Concerned Scientists |access-date=May 26, 2021 |chapter-url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/resrep00036.9 |jstor=resrep00036.9}}</ref><ref name="TNJ" /><ref name="TAC" /><ref name="NPS - HT">{{Cite web |title=Harriet Tubman (U.S. National Park Service) |url=https://www.nps.gov/people/harriet-tubman.htm |access-date=2021-05-26 |website=www.nps.gov |language=en}}</ref> in her father's cabin.<ref name="TNJ">{{Cite news |date=2021-04-25 |title=Historic Find: Archaeologists discover home of Harriet Tubman's father |pages=A26 |work=The News Journal |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/78341214/historic-find-archaeologists-discover/ |access-date=2021-05-26 |quote=Ross and his family were enslaved on the Thompson farm, where Tubman was born in 1822. Tubman and her mother were enslaved by the Brodess family a few years later and forced to move away from the Thompson farm.}}</ref><ref name="TAC" /><ref name="Larson" />{{efn|A historic marker, located on Maryland 397 near Bucktown states: "Tubman was called 'The Moses of Her People' because of her courageous work on the Underground Railroad. She helped more than 300 slaves escape to freedom."<ref name="NPS SRS" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Birthplace Marker of Harriet Tubman |url=https://www.visitmaryland.org/listing/history-heritage/birthplace-marker-harriet-tubman |access-date=2021-05-26 |website=VisitMaryland.org |language=en}}</ref><br />
+<br />
+Some people take this to be a marker for her birthplace. The most recent information by historians is that she was born in 1822, in her father's cabin on Anthony Thompsom's farm at what is now [[Blackwater National Wildlife Refuge]], and moved with her mother and siblings to the Brodess farm (near the placement of the marker) when she was several years of age.<ref name="TNJ" /><ref name="TAC">{{Cite news |date=2017-03-09 |title=Inspiration along Tubman byway |pages=E4 |work=The Atlanta Constitution |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/78343488/inspiration-along-tubman-byway/ |access-date=2021-05-26 |quote=The exact date of her birth is unknown, but historians generally agree that Tubman, who had eight siblings, was born Araminta Ross in 1822 to Benjamin and Harriet (Rit) Greene Ross, taking on her mother’s first name when she married in 1844. Many have incorrectly cited her birthplace as Bucktown. She was actually born in nearby Peters Neck, on a farm owned by Anthony Thompson, a medical doctor and timber magnate, and was later moved to Bucktown.}}</ref><ref name="Larson">{{Cite book |last=Larson |first=Kate Clifford |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0-IUC00guXEC&q=%2522Harriet+Tubman%2522+1822 |title=Bound for the Promised Land: Harriet Tubman: Portrait of an American Hero |date=2009-02-19 |publisher=Random House Publishing Group |isbn=978-0-307-51476-9 |pages=xiv, 16, 18–19, 297, 305 |language=en |quote=On March 15, 1822, Anthony Thompson paid a midwife $2 to assist Harriet "Rit" Green in childbirth.}}</ref><ref name="Obama" /> Further
+defining her year and place of birth, Anthony Thompson hired a midwife in March 1822 for Harriet "Rit" Ross, taken in conjunction with the timing of her sibling's life events.<ref name="Larson" /><br />
+<br />
+Dates of birth were typically not recorded for enslaved people. In addition, most parents were unable to record key events. They did not celebrate their birthdays.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2002-07-30 |title=Tubman, part 2 |pages=10 |work=The Star-Democrat |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/78448774/tubman-part-2/ |access-date=2021-05-28}} [https://www.newspapers.com/clip/78450049/many-details-of-tubmans-life-remain/ Part 1 of the article].</ref>
+}} It was located on the farm of Anthony Thompson at Peter's Neck, at the end of Harrisville Road, which is now part of the [[Blackwater National Wildlife Refuge]].<ref name="TNJ" /><ref name="Obama" />{{efn|The coordinates are based upon this description. There is no United States Geological Survey (USGS) record for the Harriet Tubman birthplace. There is, though, a record for Peters Neck, which is {{Coord|38|27|54.44|N|76|12|45.8|W|display=inline}}}}
-After a few years, she lived on the Edward Brodess farm with her mother and siblings.<ref name="TNJ" /><ref name="Obama">{{Cite web |date=2013-03-25 |title=Presidential Proclamation -- Harriet Tubman Underground Railroad National Monument |url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2013/03/25/presidential-proclamation-harriet-tubman-underground-railroad-national-m |access-date=2021-05-26 |website=whitehouse.gov |language=en}}</ref> In the early 1840s, her father was emancipated and received 10 acres of land following Anthony Johnson's death. She was married in the 1840s, acquiring the Tubman surname, and she changed her given name to Harriet.<ref name="TNJ" />
+After a few years, she lived on the Brodess farm with her mother and siblings.<ref name="TNJ" /><ref name="Obama">{{Cite web |date=2013-03-25 |title=Presidential Proclamation -- Harriet Tubman Underground Railroad National Monument |url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2013/03/25/presidential-proclamation-harriet-tubman-underground-railroad-national-m |access-date=2021-05-26 |website=whitehouse.gov |language=en}}</ref> In the early 1840s, her father was emancipated and received 10 acres of land following Anthony Johnson's death. She was married in 1844 to John Tubman,<ref name="TAC" /><ref name="NPS - HT" /> at the same time, she changed her given name, becoming [[Harriet Tubman]].<ref name="TNJ" /> Realizing she was to be sold following her enslaver's death, Tubman escaped in 1849, when she was 27 years of age.<ref name="NPS - HT" /><ref name="Obama" />{{efn|She may have escaped by following a trail or by following the [[Transquaking River]] north of Bucktown to [[Choptank River]] about 15 miles from the farm.<ref name="NPS SRS" />}} A conductor on the [[Underground Railroad]], she made 13 return trips over 10 years to lead her parents, siblings, and friends to freedom.<ref name="NPS - HT" /><ref name="NPS SRS">{{Cite web |title=Underground Railroad - Special Resource Study - 42 UGRR sites |url=http://npshistory.com/publications/ugrr/srs.pdf |access-date=2021-05-25 |website=National Park Service |pages=49, 146, 166}}</ref>
+In March 2021, archaeologists excavated what they determined to be the site of Ben Ross's cabin. They found artifacts from the 1800s, including broken dish ware, glass, a button, and nails.<ref name="TNJ" />{{efn|Patricia C. Guida received the 2008 Heritage Researcher award for her research into the 2,167 acre farm owned by Anthony C. Thompson, which is mentioned in Harriet Tubman's autobiographies.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2008-12-03 |title=ESHI salutes individuals, organizations |pages=12 |work=The Kent Island Bay Times |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/78343725/eshi-salutes-individuals-organizations/ |access-date=2021-05-26}}</ref>}} In April 2021, it was said that the site was to be added to the [[Harriet Tubman Underground Railroad Scenic Byway (Maryland)|Harriet Tubman Underground Railroad Scenic Byway]]. It is a scenic drive with more than 30 stops over 125 miles.<ref name="TNJ" />
-Tubman escaped in 1849, when she was 27 years of age.<ref name="Obama" /> She may have escaped by following a trail or by following the [[Transquaking River]] north of Bucktown to [[Choptank River]] about 15 miles from the farm. A conductor on the [[Underground Railroad]], she may return trips to lead family members—her parents and siblings—and friends to safety.<ref name="NPS SRS">{{Cite web |title=Underground Railroad - Special Resource Study - 42 UGRR sites |url=http://npshistory.com/publications/ugrr/srs.pdf |access-date=2021-05-25 |website=National Park Service |pages=49, 146, 166}}</ref>
+==See also==
-In March 2021, archaeologists excavated what is considered to be the site of Ben Ross's cabin and found artifacts from the 1800s, including broken dish ware, glass, a button, and nails.<ref name="TNJ" /> In April 2021, it was said that the site was to be added to the Harriet Tubman Underground Railroad Byway. It is a scenic drive with more than 30 stops over 125 miles.<ref name="TNJ" />
+* [[List of Underground Railroad sites]]
 ==Notes==
 {{Notelist}}
 ==References==
 {{Reflist}}
+==Further reading==
+* {{Cite web |title=Senate Report 112-105 - Harriet Tubman National Historical Parks |url=https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CRPT-112srpt105/html/CRPT-112srpt105.htm |access-date=2021-05-26 |website=www.govinfo.gov | quote=Born circa 1822 as an enslaved person in Dorchester County, Maryland.}}
+* {{Cite news |last=Holt |first=Dustin |title=National historical park considered for Tubman |language=en |work=My Eastern Shore Maryland |url=https://www.myeasternshoremd.com/news/dorchester_county/national-historical-park-considered-for-tubman/article_4babf125-34aa-52c2-8835-0826a3244323.html |access-date=2021-05-26 |quote=Harriet Tubman was born enslaved in 1822 in Dorchester County... the Anthony Thompson home site at Peters Neck, where Tubman was probably born.}}
 ==External links==
 * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4q5lg-LPF1Y Clues of Harriet Tubman's birthplace found in Dorchester County], WBAL-TV 11 Baltimore on YouTube
+{{Coord|38|28|36.07|N|76|12|56.11|W|display=title}}
 {{Harriet Tubman}}
@@ Line 22: / Line 39: @@
 [[Category:Harriet Tubman]]
 [[Category:Dorchester County, Maryland]]
+[[Category:Birthplaces of individual people|Tubman, Harriet]]
+[[Category:African-American history of Maryland]]