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Coordinates: 44°57′23″N 18°18′04″E / 44.95639°N 18.30111°E / 44.95639; 18.30111
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| subdivision_name1 = {{Nowrap|{{Flag|Republika Srpska}}}}
| subdivision_name1 = {{Nowrap|{{Flag|Republika Srpska}}}}
| subdivision_type2 = Geographical [[region]]
| subdivision_type2 = Geographical [[region]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Bosanska Posavina]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Posavina]]
| leader_party = [[Serb Democratic Party (Bosnia and Herzegovina)|SDS]]
| leader_title = Municipal mayor
| leader_title = Mayor
| leader_name = Jovica Radulović
| leader_name = Jovica Radulović
| leader_party = [[Serb Democratic Party (Bosnia and Herzegovina)|SDS]]
| area_blank1_title = Town
| area_blank1_title = Town
| area_blank1_km2 =
| area_blank1_km2 =
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[[File:Modričabypopulation.png|thumb|278x278px|Modriča municipality by population proportional to the settlement with the highest and lowest population]]
[[File:Modričabypopulation.png|thumb|278x278px|Modriča municipality by population proportional to the settlement with the highest and lowest population]]
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2019}}
'''Modriča''' ({{lang-sr-cyrl|Модрича}}) is a town and municipality located in [[Republika Srpska]], an entity of [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]]. As of 2013 census, the town has a population of 10,137 inhabitants, while the municipality has a population of 25,720 inhabitants.
'''Modriča''' ({{lang-sr-cyrl|Модрича}}) is a town and municipality in [[Republika Srpska]], [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]]. As of 2013 census, the town has a population of 10,137 inhabitants, while the municipality has a population of 25,720 inhabitants.


==History==
==History==
{{unreferenced section|date=November 2015}}
{{unreferenced section|date=November 2015}}
The first written document about Modriča is 13th century charter of Hungarian King Bela IV in which Modriča is mentioned as spring: "...fons Modricha, ubi cadit in Boznam", but it all indicates that it was minor stream which was flowing into Bosna river. According to traditional stories, Modriča was named after the small river with blue, mountain water. It is assumed that the small river is Dusa. According to other narratives, area bears the name of the old Slavic marks of the blue sky and distances, which are more discerned on the horizon than visible – modrina (the blue)/modriča.
The first written document about Modriča is a 13th century charter of Hungarian King [[Béla IV of Hungary|Bela IV]] in which Modriča is mentioned as a spring: "...fons Modricha, ubi cadit in Boznam ("...the spring of Modricha, where it falls into the Boznam")"; this indicates that it was a minor stream which was flowing into the [[Bosna (river)|Bosna]] river. According to traditional stories, Modriča was named after a small river with blue, mountain water. It is assumed that the small river is Dusa. According to other narratives, the area bears the name of Old Slavic marks of the blue sky and distances, which are more discerned on the horizon than visible – modrina (blue/bruise-like)/modriča.

⚫
There is archaeological evidence of human presence in the territory of present-day Modriča municipality back in the [[Paleolithic]] — Old Stone Age. This is evidenced by traces discovered at the Gradina site in the village of [[Dugo Polje (Modriča)|Dugo Polje]] above the valley of the Bosna river.
⚫
Traces of ancient [[Neolithic]] farmers were found in several places, among others at the locations of Kulište in [[Kruškovo Polje]], Ždralovo Brdo in the village of [[Kladari, Bosnia and Herzegovina|Kladari]], Prljaca, then in the villages of [[Vranjak, Modriča|Vranjak]], Kužnjača, Skugrić, Dugo Polje, etc. There is an important site at Dobor hill with seven archaeological layers of the [[Iron Age]]. Traces of Old Slavic settlements can be found in several places in the Modriča municipality. In the charter of Kotromanić from 1323 the Nenavište Parish is mentioned with the settlements of Modriča and [[Jakeš]].


⚫
The events that were developing around the Dobor fortress presaged the end of [[Kingdom of Bosnia|Bosnia's]] independence. Those were conflicts with the Hungarians in 1393/94 and 1408, and the removal of 170 Bosnian boyars from the ramparts of the fort. These areas then became a cruel war frontier in the onslaught of the [[Ottoman Empire|Turks]], and they won Dobor and Modriča in 1536. After the [[Battle of Vienna|defeat of the Turks at Vienna in 1683]], Modriča was the border area the next two centuries, which meant it was a zone of conflicts, rebellions, devastation and economic stagnation. During the [[Austro-Hungarian rule in Bosnia and Herzegovina|Austro-Hungarian rule]], Modriča was included in a list of 66 towns that Bosnia and Herzegovina had at that time.
⚫
There is archaeological evidence of human presence in the territory of present-day Modrica municipality back in the Paleolithic - Old Stone Age. This is evidenced by traces discovered at the site Gradina in the village of Dugo Polje above the valley of Bosna river.
⚫
Traces of ancient Neolithic farmers were found in several places, among others at locations Kulište in Kruskovo Polje, at Zdralovo brdo in village Kladari, at location Prljaca, then in villages Vranjak, Kuznjaca, Skugric, Dugo Polje, etc. At Dobor hill is important site with seven archaeological layers of the Iron Age. Traces of old Slavic settlements can be found in several places in Modrica municipality. In the charter of Kotromanic from 1323 mentioned is parish Nenaviste with settlements Modrica and Jakes.


In the second half of the 19th century economic, cultural and educational conditions were slowly improving. According to archives, schools had existed since at least the 19th century, maybe even since the end of the 18th century. Modriča had a nursery school in the rural area.
⚫
The events were developing around Dobor fortress which presage the end of the Bosnian national independence. Those were conflicts with Hungarians in 1393/94 and 1408th, and the cut of 170 Bosnian boyars on the ramparts of the fort. These areas then became cruel war frontier in a fit of the Turks, and they won Dobor and Modrica in the 1536th. After the defeat of the Turks at Vienna 1683rd, in the next two centuries this was the border area, and that means - the zone of conflicts, rebellions, devastation and economic stagnation. During Austrian-Hungarian rule, in 1897 Modrica has been included in list of such towns that Bosnia and Herzegovina had only 66.


In the second half of the 19th century economic and cultural - educational conditions are slowly improving. Memory was recorded that school existed, maybe even at the end of the 18th century, and in any case from the second half of the 19th century. Modrica was a nursery of schools in the rural area. From 1929 to 1939, Modriča was part of the [[Vrbas Banovina]] and from 1939 to 1941 of the [[Banovina of Croatia]] within the [[Kingdom of Yugoslavia]].
From 1929 to 1939, Modriča was part of the [[Vrbas Banovina]] and from 1939 to 1941 of the [[Banovina of Croatia]] within the [[Kingdom of Yugoslavia]].


The conditions improved in the second half of 20th century. because in 1947 railroad Šamac-Sarajevo passed through city, with a branch line Modrića-Gradačac built in 1951. Then some factories in the city were built: oil refinery, factories of paper and plastic boxes Pamo and Plastmo, flour mill, shoe factory "Vjekoslav Bakulić", color dissolver factory "Hemija" and small wood factory "8th September", together with a required town infrastructure (residential buildings, secondary school, sport hall),. The wheat and cattle  farm "Dr. Mujbegović" (later Petar Mrkonjič) was also expanded. Volleyball team "Modriča" won the national championship of Yugoslavia in 1979.
Conditions improved in the second half of 20th century, with a contributing factor being the [[Šamac, Bosnia and Herzegovina|Šamac]]-[[Sarajevo]] railroad, built in 1947, that passed through the town, with a branch line Modriča-[[Gradačac]] built in 1951. Some factories in the city were also built: an oil refinery, factories of paper and plastic boxes Pamo and Plastmo, a flour mill, the "Vjekoslav Bakulić" shoe factory, the "Hemija" chemical cleaning company and the small "8th of September" wood factory, together with the required town infrastructure (residential buildings, a secondary school, a sports hall),. The "Dr. Mujbegović (later Petar Mrkonjić)" wheat and cattle farm was also expanded. The "Modriča" volleyball team won the national championship of Yugoslavia in 1979.


After the 1992–95 [[Bosnian War]], prewar municipal borders were changed, villages of Jakeš, Pećnik and Modrički Lug were excluded from Modriča and included in new Vukosavlje municipality, and a few villages from the western part of prewar Gradačac municipality were included, thus the size of the municipality changed substantially.
After the 1992–95 [[Bosnian War]], the pre-war municipal borders were changed, the villages of Jakeš, Pećnik and Modrički Lug were excluded from Modriča and included in the new [[Vukosavlje|Vukosavlje municipality]], and a few villages from the western part of the pre-war Gradačac municipality were included in the Modriča municipality, thus the size of the municipality changed substantially.


==Demographics==
==Demographics==
[[File:Serberne flytter.jpg|thumb|right|Serb families forced from their homes due to border regulations in the [[Dayton agreement]] from 1995]]
[[File:Serberne flytter.jpg|thumb|right|Serb families forced from their homes due to the border regulations in the [[Dayton Agreement]] from 1995]]


=== Population ===
=== Population ===
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{| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:95%;"
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:95%;"
|-
|-
! Professional field
! Activity
! Total
! Total
|-
|-
Line 468: Line 470:


==Religion==
==Religion==
[[File:Hram Svetog Nikole Milosevac.jpg|thumb|right|Serbian Orthodox Church of St. Nicholas]]
[[File:Hram Svetog Nikole Milosevac.jpg|thumb|right|The [[Serbian Orthodox Church|Serbian Orthodox]] Church of St. Nicholas]]
[[File:Crkva, Visnjik, Modrica - panoramio.jpg|thumb|right|Newly built Serbian orthodox church in Višnjik]]
[[File:Crkva, Visnjik, Modrica - panoramio.jpg|thumb|right|A Serbian Orthodox church in Višnjik]]
There are 18 churches and monasteries of the [[Serbian Orthodox church]], five mosques and three Catholic churches in the municipality.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Religija {{!}} www.modrica.ba|url=https://modrica.ba/md/religija/|access-date=2021-01-18|language=sr-RS}}</ref>
There are 18 churches and monasteries of the [[Serbian Orthodox church]], five mosques and three Catholic churches in the municipality.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Religija {{!}} www.modrica.ba|url=https://modrica.ba/md/religija/|access-date=2021-01-18|language=sr-RS}}</ref>


==Sports==
==Sports==
[[File:Stadion-modrica.jpg|thumb|right|City stadium]]
[[File:Stadion-modrica.jpg|thumb|right|The City stadium]]
*[[FK Modriča]] plays in the [[First League of the Republika Srpska]]
*[[FK Modriča]] plays in the [[First League of the Republika Srpska]]
*The local volleyball club is [[Modriča Optima]].
*The local volleyball club is Modriča Optima.


==Twin towns – sister cities==
==Twin towns – sister cities==
Line 492: Line 494:
* [[Nikola Nikić]] (b. 1956), footballer
* [[Nikola Nikić]] (b. 1956), footballer
* [[Milan Jelić]] (1956–2007), former [[List of Presidents of Republika Srpska|President]] of [[Republika Srpska]]
* [[Milan Jelić]] (1956–2007), former [[List of Presidents of Republika Srpska|President]] of [[Republika Srpska]]
* [[Marta Savić]] (b. 1966), singer
* Sanjin Dajić (b. 2007), Yugoslav Diplomat
* [[Jusuf Dajić]] (b. 1984), footballer
* [[Jusuf Dajić]] (b. 1984), footballer
* [[Zdravko Kuzmanović]] (b. 1987), footballer
* [[Zdravko Kuzmanović]] (b. 1987), footballer
* [[Aleksandar Okolić]] (b. 1993), volleyball player
* [[Aleksandar Okolić]] (b. 1993), volleyball player
* Asim Sarvan (b. 1949), musician, a member of "[[S Vremena Na Vreme]]"


==See also==
==See also==
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[[Category:Modriča| ]]
[[Category:Modriča| ]]
[[Category:Populated places in Modriča]]
[[Category:Populated places in Modriča]]
[[Category:Municipalities of Bosnia and Herzegovina]]
[[Category:Municipalities of Republika Srpska]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in Republika Srpska]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in Republika Srpska]]

Latest revision as of 09:17, 1 May 2024

Modriča
Модрича
Town and municipality
Modriča
Modriča
Coat of arms of Modriča
Coat of arms
Location of Modriča within Republika Srpska
Location of Modriča within Republika Srpska
Location of Modriča
Coordinates: 44°57′23″N 18°18′04″E / 44.95639°N 18.30111°E / 44.95639; 18.30111
Country Bosnia and Herzegovina
Entity Republika Srpska
Geographical regionPosavina
Government
 • Municipal mayorJovica Radulović (SDS)
 • Municipality319.8 km2 (123.5 sq mi)
Population
 (2013 census)
 • Town
10,137
 • Municipality
25,712
 • Municipality density80/km2 (210/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
74480
Area code+387 53
Websitewww.modrica.ba
Modriča municipality by population proportional to the settlement with the highest and lowest population

Modriča (Serbian Cyrillic: Модрича) is a town and municipality in Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. As of 2013 census, the town has a population of 10,137 inhabitants, while the municipality has a population of 25,720 inhabitants.

History

[edit]

The first written document about Modriča is a 13th century charter of Hungarian King Bela IV in which Modriča is mentioned as a spring: "...fons Modricha, ubi cadit in Boznam ("...the spring of Modricha, where it falls into the Boznam")"; this indicates that it was a minor stream which was flowing into the Bosna river. According to traditional stories, Modriča was named after a small river with blue, mountain water. It is assumed that the small river is Dusa. According to other narratives, the area bears the name of Old Slavic marks of the blue sky and distances, which are more discerned on the horizon than visible – modrina (blue/bruise-like)/modriča.

There is archaeological evidence of human presence in the territory of present-day Modriča municipality back in the Paleolithic — Old Stone Age. This is evidenced by traces discovered at the Gradina site in the village of Dugo Polje above the valley of the Bosna river. Traces of ancient Neolithic farmers were found in several places, among others at the locations of Kulište in Kruškovo Polje, Ždralovo Brdo in the village of Kladari, Prljaca, then in the villages of Vranjak, Kužnjača, Skugrić, Dugo Polje, etc. There is an important site at Dobor hill with seven archaeological layers of the Iron Age. Traces of Old Slavic settlements can be found in several places in the Modriča municipality. In the charter of Kotromanić from 1323 the Nenavište Parish is mentioned with the settlements of Modriča and Jakeš.

The events that were developing around the Dobor fortress presaged the end of Bosnia's independence. Those were conflicts with the Hungarians in 1393/94 and 1408, and the removal of 170 Bosnian boyars from the ramparts of the fort. These areas then became a cruel war frontier in the onslaught of the Turks, and they won Dobor and Modriča in 1536. After the defeat of the Turks at Vienna in 1683, Modriča was the border area the next two centuries, which meant it was a zone of conflicts, rebellions, devastation and economic stagnation. During the Austro-Hungarian rule, Modriča was included in a list of 66 towns that Bosnia and Herzegovina had at that time.

In the second half of the 19th century economic, cultural and educational conditions were slowly improving. According to archives, schools had existed since at least the 19th century, maybe even since the end of the 18th century. Modriča had a nursery school in the rural area.

From 1929 to 1939, Modriča was part of the Vrbas Banovina and from 1939 to 1941 of the Banovina of Croatia within the Kingdom of Yugoslavia.

Conditions improved in the second half of 20th century, with a contributing factor being the Šamac-Sarajevo railroad, built in 1947, that passed through the town, with a branch line Modriča-Gradačac built in 1951. Some factories in the city were also built: an oil refinery, factories of paper and plastic boxes Pamo and Plastmo, a flour mill, the "Vjekoslav Bakulić" shoe factory, the "Hemija" chemical cleaning company and the small "8th of September" wood factory, together with the required town infrastructure (residential buildings, a secondary school, a sports hall),. The "Dr. Mujbegović (later Petar Mrkonjić)" wheat and cattle farm was also expanded. The "Modriča" volleyball team won the national championship of Yugoslavia in 1979.

After the 1992–95 Bosnian War, the pre-war municipal borders were changed, the villages of Jakeš, Pećnik and Modrički Lug were excluded from Modriča and included in the new Vukosavlje municipality, and a few villages from the western part of the pre-war Gradačac municipality were included in the Modriča municipality, thus the size of the municipality changed substantially.

Demographics

[edit]
Serb families forced from their homes due to the border regulations in the Dayton Agreement from 1995

Population

[edit]
Population of settlements – Modriča municipality
Settlement 1948. 1953. 1961. 1971. 1981. 1991. 2013.
Total 19,746 39,156 31,622 34,541 35,413 25,720
1 Botajica 1,019 579
2 Čardak 1,006 353
3 Dobrinja 437 446
4 Donji Skugrić 910
5 Dugo Polje 1,596 994
6 Garevac 2,795 2,993
7 Kladari Donji 1,046 362
8 Kladari Gornji 448 359
9 Koprivna 2,218 1,151
10 Krčevljani 282 253
11 Miloševac 1,735 1,323
12 Modriča 3,072 5,032 7,324 9,630 10,454 10,137
13 Skugrić Gornji 1,453 785
14 Tarevci 2,322 2,719
15 Tolisa 858 358
16 Vranjak 2,370 1,419

Ethnic composition

[edit]
Ethnic composition – Modriča town
2013. 1991. 1981. 1971.
Total 10,137 (100,0%) 10,454 (100,0%) 9,630 (100,0%) 7,324 (100,0%)
Serbs 6,952 (73,81%) 2,420 (23,15%) 1,841 (19,12%) 1,428 (19,50%)
Bosniaks 1,836 (19,49%) 5,252 (50,24%) 4,815 (50,00%) 4,910 (67,04%)
Others 284 (3,015%) 301 (2,879%) 138 (1,433%) 49 (0,669%)
Roma 168 (1,784%) 38 (0,395%) 3 (0,041%)
Croats 157 (1,667%) 1 134 (10,85%) 838 (8,702%) 732 (9,995%)
Montenegrins 13 (0,138%) 29 (0,301%) 25 (0,341%)
Slovenes 6 (0,064%) 4 (0,042%) 3 (0,041%)
Macedonians 2 (0,021%) 3 (0,031%) 4 (0,055%)
Albanians 1 (0,011%) 15 (0,156%) 12 (0,164%)
Yugoslavs 1 347 (12,89%) 1 904 (19,77%) 154 (2,103%)
Hungarias 5 (0,052%) 4 (0,055%)


Ethnic composition – Modriča municipality
2013. 1991. 1981. 1971.
Total 25,720 (100,0%) 35,613 (100,0%) 34,541 (100,0%) 31,622 (100,0%)
Serbs 20,227 (78,64%) 12,534 (35,20%) 13,012 (37,67%) 13,457 (42,56%)
Bosniaks 3,101 (12,06%) 10,375 (29,13%) 8,578 (24,83%) 8,356 (26,42%)
Croats 1,674 (6,509%) 9,805 (27,53%) 9,598 (27,79%) 9,418 (29,78%)
Others 718 (2,792%) 1,048 (2,943%) 476 (1,378%) 138 (0,436%)
Yugoslavs 1,851 (5,198%) 2,755 (7,976%) 180 (0,569%)
Roma 38 (0,110%) 3 (0,009%)
Montenegrins 37 (0,107%) 32 (0,101%)
Albanians 29 (0,084%) 16 (0,051%)
Macedonians 7 (0,020%) 10 (0,032%)
Slovenes 6 (0,017%) 4 (0,013%)
Hungarias 5 (0,014%) 8 (0,025%)

Economy

[edit]
Velika Rijeka
Modriča oil refinery

The Modriča oil refinery, currently owned by Russian investors, is located in Modriča.

The following table gives a preview of total number of registered employed people per their core activity (as of 2016):[1]

Professional field Total
Agriculture, forestry and fishing 62
Mining and quarrying 9
Manufacturing 1,475
Distribution of power, gas, steam and air-conditioning 45
Distribution of water and water waste management 80
Construction 128
Wholesale and retail, repair 803
Transportation and storage 206
Hotels and restaurants 158
Information and communication 47
Finance and insurance 47
Real estate activities 2
Professional, scientific and technical activities 90
Administrative and support services 28
Public administration and defence 270
Education 383
Healthcare and social work 325
Art, entertainment and recreation 17
Other service activities 122
Total 4,297

Religion

[edit]
The Serbian Orthodox Church of St. Nicholas
A Serbian Orthodox church in Višnjik

There are 18 churches and monasteries of the Serbian Orthodox church, five mosques and three Catholic churches in the municipality.[2]

Sports

[edit]
The City stadium

Twin towns – sister cities

[edit]

Modriča is twinned with:

Notable people

[edit]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Cities and Municipalities of Republika Srpska 2017" (PDF). rzs.rs.ba (in Serbian). December 2017. Retrieved 21 October 2018.
  2. ^ "Religija | www.modrica.ba" (in Serbian). Retrieved 18 January 2021.
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Modriča.
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