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{{Short description|National government of Ukraine}}
{{Short description|National government of Ukraine}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2017}}
{{Infobox executive government
{{ Infobox executive government
| government_name = Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine
| government_name = Cabinet of Ministers
| nativename =
| nativename =
| image = Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine (en).svg
| image = Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine (en).svg
| image_size = 250px
| image_size = 250px
| caption =
| caption =
| state = {{UKR}}
| state = [[Ukraine]]
| address = [[Government Building, Kyiv|Government Building]]<br />[[Hrushevsky Street (Kyiv)|Hrushevsky Street]], [[Kyiv]]<ref>{{cite web
| address = [[Government Building, Kyiv|Government Building]]<br />[[Hrushevsky Street (Kyiv)|Hrushevsky Street]], [[Kyiv]]<ref>{{cite web
| url = https://www.kmu.gov.ua/control/en/publish/article?art_id=335366
| url = https://www.kmu.gov.ua/control/en/publish/article?art_id=335366
| title = Official CMU website. Address
| title = Official CMU website. Address
| date = March 2017
| date = March 2017
}}</ref>
}}</ref>
| date = {{Start date|df=yes|1917|06|28}} ([[General Secretariat of Ukraine|originally]])<br>{{Start date|df=yes|1991|04|18}} (current form)
| date = {{Start date|df=yes|1917|06|28}} ([[General Secretariat of Ukraine|originally]])<br>{{Start date|df=yes|1991|04|18}} (current form)
| leader_title = [[Prime Minister of Ukraine|Prime Minister]]
| leader_title = [[Prime Minister of Ukraine|Prime Minister]]
| appointed = ''[[Verkhovna Rada]]'' <br />([[Prime Minister of Ukraine|Prime Minister's]] proposal)
| appointed = ''[[Verkhovna Rada]]''
| main_organ = Cabinet of Ministers
| main_organ = Cabinet of Ministers
| ministries = [[Government ministries of Ukraine|17]]
| ministries = [[Government ministries of Ukraine|17]]
| responsible = [[President of Ukraine|President]] and the ''[[Verkhovna Rada]]'' (Parliament)
| responsible = [[President of Ukraine|President]] and the ''[[Verkhovna Rada]]''
| url = {{url|https://www.kmu.gov.ua/en}}
| url = {{URL|https://www.kmu.gov.ua/en}}
}}
}}
{{coord|50|26|52.0|N|30|32|1.4|E|type:landmark_region:UA|display=title}}
{{coord|50|26|52.0|N|30|32|1.4|E|type:landmark_region:UA|display=title}}
The '''Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine''' ({{lang-uk|Кабінет Міністрів України|translit=Kabinet Ministriv Ukrainy}}; shortened to '''CabMin'''), commonly referred to as the '''Government of Ukraine''' ({{lang-uk|Уряд України}}, ''Uriad Ukrainy''), is the highest body of state [[Executive (government)|executive power]] in [[Ukraine]].<ref name="s-116">{{cite web|url=http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Constitution_of_Ukraine#Article_116 |title=Article 116 |access-date=2007-12-23 |work=[[Wikisource]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070325112013/http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Constitution_of_Ukraine#Article_116 |archive-date=25 March 2007 |url-status=dead }}</ref> As the [[Council of Ministers of the Ukrainian SSR]], it was formed on 18 April 1991, by the Law of Ukrainian SSR No.980-XII. [[Vitold Fokin]] was approved as the first [[Prime Minister of Ukraine]].
The '''Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine''' ({{lang-uk|Кабінет Міністрів України|translit=Kabinet Ministriv Ukrainy}}; shortened to '''CabMin'''), commonly referred to as the '''Government of Ukraine''' ({{lang-uk|Уряд України}}, ''Uriad Ukrainy''), is the highest body of state [[Executive (government)|executive power]] in [[Ukraine]].<ref name="s-116">{{cite web|url=http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Constitution_of_Ukraine#Article_116 |title=Article 116 |access-date=2007-12-23 |work=[[Wikisource]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070325112013/http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Constitution_of_Ukraine#Article_116 |archive-date=25 March 2007 |url-status=dead }}</ref> As the [[Council of Ministers of the Ukrainian SSR]], it was formed on 18 April 1991, by the Law of Ukrainian SSR No.980-XII. [[Vitold Fokin]] was approved as the first [[Prime Minister of Ukraine]].
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==Scope==
==Scope==
The number of ministries in the cabinet has changed over time, some ministries were abolished, others combined with others or degraded to state committees or agencies. Each ministry is in charge of other government sub-departments. There are three basic types of government sub-departments known as "central offices (organs) of executive authority": services, agencies, inspections. Beside the basic government sub-departments there also other government sub-departments which were granted a special status. Among such sub-departments there are various government committees, government commissions, government funds, and other institutions. Sub-departments may be elevated to ministerial status by their reorganization and, vice versa, government ministries may degraded to sub-departments (e.g. Ministry of Emergencies was degraded to a sub-department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs).
The number of ministries in the cabinet has changed over time, some ministries were abolished, others combined with others or degraded to state committees or agencies. Each ministry is in charge of other government sub-departments. There are three basic types of government sub-departments known as "central offices (organs) of executive authority": services, agencies, inspections. Beside the basic government sub-departments there also other government sub-departments which were granted a special status. Among such sub-departments there are various government committees, government commissions, government funds, and other institutions. Sub-departments may be elevated to ministerial status by their reorganisation and, vice versa, government ministries may degraded to sub-departments (e.g. Ministry of Emergencies was degraded to a sub-department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs).


The Cabinet is responsible to the President of Ukraine and is under the control of, and is held accountable to, the ''Verkhovna Rada''. The Cabinet consists of the Prime Minister, the First Vice-Prime Minister, three<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.kyivpost.com/news/politics/detail/86199/|title=Yanukovych dismisses Sivkovych and Slauta as vice-premiers|date=13 October 2010 }}</ref> Vice-Prime Ministers, and other Ministers, who head their assigned Ministries (departments). At one time, there also was an institute of "state ministries", this institute being abolished on 25 February 1992 by the Presidential Decree (#98). The Secretariat of Cabinet of Ministers (or Minister of the Cabinet of Ministers) supports the effective operation of the government.<ref name=MAG2KP241212>[http://www.kyivpost.com/content/ukraine/yanukovych-is-appointing-new-cabinet-of-ministers-318086.html Yanukovych appoints new Cabinet of Ministers], [[Kyiv Post]] (24 December 2007)</ref> Structural part of the secretariat is also the office of the Prime Minister of Ukraine.
The Cabinet is responsible to the President of Ukraine and is under the control of, and is held accountable to, the ''Verkhovna Rada''. The Cabinet consists of the Prime Minister, the First Vice-Prime Minister, three<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.kyivpost.com/news/politics/detail/86199/|title=Yanukovych dismisses Sivkovych and Slauta as vice-premiers|date=13 October 2010 }}</ref> Vice-Prime Ministers, and other Ministers, who head their assigned Ministries (departments). At one time, there also was an institute of "state ministries", this institute being abolished on 25 February 1992 by the Presidential Decree (#98). The Secretariat of Cabinet of Ministers (or Minister of the Cabinet of Ministers) supports the effective operation of the government.<ref name=MAG2KP241212>[http://www.kyivpost.com/content/ukraine/yanukovych-is-appointing-new-cabinet-of-ministers-318086.html Yanukovych appoints new Cabinet of Ministers], [[Kyiv Post]] (24 December 2007)</ref> Structural part of the secretariat is also the office of the Prime Minister of Ukraine.
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===Reforms and "optimizations"===
===Reforms and "optimizations"===
According to Oleksandr Zapadynchuk, the process of establishing an administrative system in an already independent Ukraine started in the spring of 1991 when the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine (in place of the Council of Ministers of the Ukrainian SSR) was created, with new members of the government being appointed, as well as a new government office being formed.<ref name=Zapadynchuk>Zapadinchuk, O.P. ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20200924142511/http://academy.gov.ua/ej/ej13/txts/Zapadynchuk.pdf Optimization of the central executive authorities in the context of administrative reform]''. [[National Academy for Public Administration]]</ref> Until the adaptation of the [[Constitution of Ukraine]] in 1996, the government of Ukraine was ruled by the 1978 Constitution of Ukraine (the Ukrainian SSR).<ref name=Zapadynchuk/> Also, the 1978 Constitution ruled that the President of Ukraine (an office created in 1991) is a head of state and a head of government (executive power) (Article 114-1).<ref>The 1978 [https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/888-09#Text Constitution of Ukraine]. [[Verkhovna Rada]].</ref><ref name=Zapadynchuk/> At the same time, the government headed by Prime Minister ''de facto'' remained independent and detached from the President, a state institution which had to function governed by its own programme.<ref name=Zapadynchuk/>
According to Oleksandr Zapadynchuk, the process of establishing an administrative system in an already independent Ukraine started in the spring of 1991 when the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine (in place of the Council of Ministers of the Ukrainian SSR) was created, with new members of the government being appointed, as well as a new government office being formed.<ref name=Zapadynchuk>Zapadinchuk, O.P. ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20200924142511/http://academy.gov.ua/ej/ej13/txts/Zapadynchuk.pdf Optimization of the central executive authorities in the context of administrative reform]''. [[National Academy for Public Administration]]</ref> Until the adaptation of the [[Constitution of Ukraine]] in 1996, the government of Ukraine was ruled by the 1978 Constitution of Ukraine (the Ukrainian SSR).<ref name=Zapadynchuk/> Also, the 1978 Constitution ruled that the President of Ukraine (an office created in 1991) is a head of state and a head of government (executive power) (Article {{not a typo|114-1}}).<ref>The 1978 [https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/888-09#Text Constitution of Ukraine]. [[Verkhovna Rada]].</ref><ref name=Zapadynchuk/> At the same time, the government headed by Prime Minister ''de facto'' remained independent and detached from the President, a state institution which had to function governed by its own programme.<ref name=Zapadynchuk/>


==Duties and authority==
==Duties and authority==
[[File:Kiev Cabinet of Ministers.jpg|thumb|270px|[[Government Building, Kyiv|Government Building]], 12/2, [[Hrushevsky Street (Kyiv)|Hrushevsky Street]], [[Kyiv]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.kmu.gov.ua/control/en/photogallery/gallerylist?gGroupId=12958356|title=Official CMU website. Building address.|date=March 2017}}</ref>]]The duties of the Cabinet of Ministers are described in [[s:Constitution of Ukraine#Article 116|Article 116]] of the Constitution of Ukraine. Members of the government (cabinet) are citizens of Ukraine, who have the right of vote, higher education, and possess the state language ([[Ukrainian language]]). The members of the government cannot have judgement against them that has not been extinguished and taken away in the established legal order. Members of the Cabinet and chief officers of central and local bodies of executive power may not combine their official activity with other work, except teaching, scholarly and creative activity outside working hours, and/or to be members of an administrative body or board of supervisors of an enterprise that is aimed at making profit. In case if a [[People's Deputy of Ukraine]] was appointed to the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine they resign as a member of parliament and their letter of resignation is reviewed immediately at the next session of the ''Verkhovna Rada''.
[[File:Kiev Cabinet of Ministers.jpg|thumb|270px|[[Government Building, Kyiv|Government Building]], 12/2, [[Hrushevsky Street (Kyiv)|Hrushevsky Street]], [[Kyiv]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.kmu.gov.ua/control/en/photogallery/gallerylist?gGroupId=12958356|title=Official CMU website. Building address.|date=March 2017}}</ref>]]The duties of the Cabinet of Ministers are described in [[s:Constitution of Ukraine#Article 116|Article 116]] of the Constitution of Ukraine. Members of the government (cabinet) are citizens of Ukraine, who have the right of vote, higher education, and possess the state language ([[Ukrainian language|Ukrainian]]). The members of the government cannot have judgement against them that has not been extinguished and taken away in the established legal order. Members of the Cabinet and chief officers of central and local bodies of executive power may not combine their official activity with other work, except teaching, scholarly and creative activity outside working hours, and/or to be members of an administrative body or board of supervisors of an enterprise that is aimed at making profit. In case if a [[People's Deputy of Ukraine]] was appointed to the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine they resign as a member of parliament and their letter of resignation is reviewed immediately at the next session of the ''Verkhovna Rada''.


At the sessions of the Cabinet may participate the President of Ukraine or their [[Representatives of the President of Ukraine|representative]]. During the plenary sessions of the ''Verkhovna Rada'', the People's Deputies of Ukraine have the ''Time of questions to the Government'' during which the whole Cabinet participates and answers to all queries of members of the ''Verkhovna Rada''.
At the sessions of the Cabinet may participate the President of Ukraine or their [[Representatives of the President of Ukraine|representative]]. During the plenary sessions of the ''Verkhovna Rada'', the People's Deputies of Ukraine have the ''Time of questions to the Government'' during which the whole Cabinet participates and answers to all queries of members of the ''Verkhovna Rada''.
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The ''Verkhovna Rada'' has five days to approve the Prime Minister after the President proposes a candidate.<ref name=KP31212DMbB>[http://www.kyivpost.com/content/ukraine/azarov-out-for-now-or-out-for-good-as-prime-minister-317085.html Azarov out for now or out for good as prime minister?], [[Kyiv Post]] (3 December 2012)</ref> A vote in Parliament is required to approve or dismiss any government minister.<ref name="voxukraineUsoge">[https://voxukraine.org/cards/pravlinnya/index-en.html#three Political Explainer: Ukraine’s System of Government], [[VoxUkraine]]</ref> The President or one-third of members of parliament can initiate a vote of no confidence, but only once in a parliament session.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/go/794-18|title=Про Кабінет Міністрів України|website=Офіційний вебпортал парламенту України}}</ref>
The ''Verkhovna Rada'' has five days to approve the Prime Minister after the President proposes a candidate.<ref name=KP31212DMbB>[http://www.kyivpost.com/content/ukraine/azarov-out-for-now-or-out-for-good-as-prime-minister-317085.html Azarov out for now or out for good as prime minister?], [[Kyiv Post]] (3 December 2012)</ref> A vote in Parliament is required to approve or dismiss any government minister.<ref name="voxukraineUsoge">[https://voxukraine.org/cards/pravlinnya/index-en.html#three Political Explainer: Ukraine’s System of Government], [[VoxUkraine]]</ref> The President or one-third of members of parliament can initiate a vote of no confidence, but only once in a parliament session.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/go/794-18|title=Про Кабінет Міністрів України|website=Офіційний вебпортал парламенту України}}</ref>


The entire Cabinet has to be dismissed following the Prime Minister's resignation.<ref name=KP31212DMA>[http://www.kyivpost.com/content/politics/nsdc-secretary-sees-azarov-as-likely-candidate-for-premiership-317089.html NSDC secretary sees Azarov as likely candidate for premiership], [[Kyiv Post]] (3 December 2012)</ref> But a Cabinet's resignation cannot be considered within a year of the Cabinet's approval of its program of activities, meaning a Cabinet dismissal can not done in its first year of existence.<ref name="7237561Tymoshenko">{{in lang|uk}} [https://www.pravda.com.ua/news/2020/01/16/7237561/ Tymoshenko wants change of power: "Let them return to their 95s"], [[Ukrayinska Pravda]] (16 January 2020)</ref>
The entire Cabinet has to be dismissed following the Prime Minister's resignation.<ref name=KP31212DMA>[http://www.kyivpost.com/content/politics/nsdc-secretary-sees-azarov-as-likely-candidate-for-premiership-317089.html NSDC secretary sees Azarov as likely candidate for premiership], [[Kyiv Post]] (3 December 2012)</ref> But a Cabinet's resignation cannot be considered within a year of the Cabinet's approval of its programme of activities, meaning a Cabinet dismissal can not done in its first year of existence.<ref name="7237561Tymoshenko">{{in lang|uk}} [https://www.pravda.com.ua/news/2020/01/16/7237561/ Tymoshenko wants change of power: "Let them return to their 95s"], [[Ukrayinska Pravda]] (16 January 2020)</ref>


The President can order the Cabinet to carry out its duties for up to 60 days until a new Cabinet begins to work.<ref name=KP31212DMA/><ref>[http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/188961.html Serhiy Arbuzov to head Ukraine govt pending premier's appointment], [[Interfax-Ukraine]] (6 February 2014)</ref>
The President can order the Cabinet to carry out its duties for up to 60 days until a new Cabinet begins to work.<ref name=KP31212DMA/><ref>[http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/188961.html Serhiy Arbuzov to head Ukraine govt pending premier's appointment], [[Interfax-Ukraine]] (6 February 2014)</ref>


The composition of Cabinet is determined by the Parliament of Ukraine on the petition of the Prime Minister (with exception of Minister of Defence and Minister of Foreign Affairs, which candidates are proposed by the President). The legislation on Labor and State Service do not cover regulations of Cabinet's members. Positions of Cabinet of Ministers are political and are regulated by the Constitution of Ukraine and the Law of Ukraine on the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine.
The composition of Cabinet is determined by the Parliament of Ukraine on the petition of the Prime Minister (with exception of Minister of Defence and Minister of Foreign Affairs, which candidates are proposed by the President). The legislation on Labour and State Service do not cover regulations of Cabinet's members. Positions of Cabinet of Ministers are political and are regulated by the Constitution of Ukraine and the Law of Ukraine on the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine.


The ''Verkhovna Rada'' terminates the powers of members of parliament appointed to the Cabinet of Ministers.<ref>[http://www.kyivpost.com/content/ukraine/rada-terminates-mandates-of-yatsenyuk-eight-members-of-parliament-appointed-ministers-373866.html Rada terminates mandates of Yatsenyuk, eight members of parliament appointed ministers], [[Kyiv Post]] (2 December 2014)</ref>
The ''Verkhovna Rada'' terminates the powers of members of parliament appointed to the Cabinet of Ministers.<ref>[http://www.kyivpost.com/content/ukraine/rada-terminates-mandates-of-yatsenyuk-eight-members-of-parliament-appointed-ministers-373866.html Rada terminates mandates of Yatsenyuk, eight members of parliament appointed ministers], [[Kyiv Post]] (2 December 2014)</ref>

===2004 Constitutional amendments===
===2004 constitutional amendments===
The '''2004 Constitutional amendments''' are also erroneously known as the 2004 Constitution of Ukraine. The following amendments were procedurally adopted however as amendments rather than as constitution which requires approval of 2/3 parliament.
The '''2004 constitutional amendments''' are also erroneously known as the 2004 Constitution of Ukraine. The following amendments were procedurally adopted however as amendments rather than as constitution which requires approval of 2/3 parliament.


Under the terms of [[s:Constitution of Ukraine, 2004#Article 83|Article 83 of Ukraine's Constitution]] a governing coalition needs to be formed by [[Political faction|factions]] (rather than by individuals) that represent a majority of the parliament, a "coalition of parliamentary factions" (Ukrainian: Коаліція парламентських партій).<ref>[http://www.president.gov.ua/en/news/5913.html Excerpt from April 12 press conference, Responsibility. Lawfulness. People’s Choice] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081014165841/http://www.president.gov.ua/en/news/5913.html |date=14 October 2008 }}, Press office of President Victor Yushchenko (12 April 2007)</ref> A February 2010 law on the parliament's regulations does demand both a decision by the factions and 226 signatures by members of parliament.<ref>[http://www.kyivpost.com/news/politics/detail/59381/ Factions' approval, 226 signatures needed to form coalition in Ukraine's parliament], [[Kyiv Post]] (12 February 2010)</ref> On 1 October 2010, the [[Constitutional Court of Ukraine]] declared the [[Constitution of Ukraine#2004 and 2010 amendments and 2014 return to 2004 amendments|constitutional amendments of 2004]] illegal, thus abolishing the principle of coalition creation in the parliament.<ref>[http://www.ccu.gov.ua/doccatalog/document?id=122826 Summary to the Decision of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine No. 20-rp/2010 dated 30 September 2010] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120326012947/http://www.ccu.gov.ua/doccatalog/document?id=122826 |date=26 March 2012 }}</ref><ref>[http://www.kyivpost.com/news/politics/detail/84619/ Update: Return to 1996 Constitution strengthens president, raises legal questions], [[Kyiv Post]] (1 October 2010)</ref> In February 2014 the parliament passed a law that reinstated the 2004 amendments of the constitution.<ref name="bt2004UCIU21214">[http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/191727.html Ukrainian parliament reinstates 2004 Constitution], [[Interfax-Ukraine]] (21 February 2014)</ref> Three days later they also terminated the powers of five judges of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine appointed from the parliament's quota, for violating their oath.<ref>[http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/192520.html Rada dismisses Constitutional Court judges appointed from its quota, proposes acting president and congress of judges dismiss the rest], [[Interfax-Ukraine]] (24 February 2014)</ref>
Under the terms of [[s:Constitution of Ukraine, 2004#Article 83|Article 83 of Ukraine's Constitution]] a governing coalition needs to be formed by [[Political faction|factions]] (rather than by individuals) that represent a majority of the parliament, a "coalition of parliamentary factions" (Ukrainian: Коаліція парламентських партій).<ref>[http://www.president.gov.ua/en/news/5913.html Excerpt from April 12 press conference, Responsibility. Lawfulness. People’s Choice] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081014165841/http://www.president.gov.ua/en/news/5913.html |date=14 October 2008 }}, Press office of President Victor Yushchenko (12 April 2007)</ref> A February 2010 law on the parliament's regulations does demand both a decision by the factions and 226 signatures by members of parliament.<ref>[http://www.kyivpost.com/news/politics/detail/59381/ Factions' approval, 226 signatures needed to form coalition in Ukraine's parliament], [[Kyiv Post]] (12 February 2010)</ref> On 1 October 2010, the [[Constitutional Court of Ukraine]] declared the [[Constitution of Ukraine#2004 and 2010 amendments and 2014 return to 2004 amendments|constitutional amendments of 2004]] illegal, thus abolishing the principle of coalition creation in the parliament.<ref>[http://www.ccu.gov.ua/doccatalog/document?id=122826 Summary to the Decision of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine No. 20-rp/2010 dated 30 September 2010] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120326012947/http://www.ccu.gov.ua/doccatalog/document?id=122826 |date=26 March 2012 }}</ref><ref>[http://www.kyivpost.com/news/politics/detail/84619/ Update: Return to 1996 Constitution strengthens president, raises legal questions], [[Kyiv Post]] (1 October 2010)</ref> In February 2014 the parliament passed a law that reinstated the 2004 amendments of the constitution.<ref name="bt2004UCIU21214">[http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/191727.html Ukrainian parliament reinstates 2004 Constitution], [[Interfax-Ukraine]] (21 February 2014)</ref> Three days later they also terminated the powers of five judges of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine appointed from the parliament's quota, for violating their oath.<ref>[http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/192520.html Rada dismisses Constitutional Court judges appointed from its quota, proposes acting president and congress of judges dismiss the rest], [[Interfax-Ukraine]] (24 February 2014)</ref>


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{{Main|Shmyhal Government}}
{{Main|Shmyhal Government}}
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==Other Central Offices (Agencies) of Executive Authority==
==Other Central Offices (Agencies) of Executive Authority==
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===Former and originally established ministries===
===Former and originally established ministries===
{{more|Government ministries of Ukraine}}
{{further|Government ministries of Ukraine}}
* [[Ministry of Internal Affairs (Ukraine)|Ministry of Internal Affairs]]
* [[Ministry of Internal Affairs (Ukraine)|Ministry of Internal Affairs]]
* [[Ministry of Finance (Ukraine)|Ministry of Finance]]
* [[Ministry of Finance (Ukraine)|Ministry of Finance]]
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* Ministry of Post and Telegraph
* Ministry of Post and Telegraph
* Ministry of Trade and Industry
* Ministry of Trade and Industry
* Ministry of Labor
* Ministry of Labour
* Ministry of Justice
* Ministry of Justice
* Ministry of Railways
* Ministry of Railways

==Notes==
{{Notelist}}


==References==
==References==
{{reflist|refs=
{{reflist}}

<ref name="777273Liubchenko">[https://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/777273.html Rada dismisses Liubchenko from post of First Dpty PM, Economy Minister], [[Interfax-Ukraine]] (3 November 2021)</ref>

<ref name="3344173Abramovsky">[https://www.ukrinform.net/rubric-polytics/3344173-mps-dismiss-abramovsky-as-ukraines-environment-minister.html MPs dismiss Abramovsky as Ukraine's environment minister], [[Ukrinform]] (3 November 2021)</ref>

<ref name="755809AvakovFR">[https://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/755809.html Rada supports Avakov's resignation], [[Interfax-Ukraine]] (15 July 2021)</ref>

}}


== External links ==
==External links==
{{Commons category}}
{{Commons category}}
* [https://www.kmu.gov.ua Governmental Portal of Ukraine] – official site of the Cabinet of Ministers
* [https://www.kmu.gov.ua Governmental Portal of Ukraine] – official site of the Cabinet of Ministers
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* [https://twitter.com/Kabmin%20UA%20e Kabmin of Ukraine] Official Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine Twitter account
* [https://twitter.com/Kabmin%20UA%20e Kabmin of Ukraine] Official Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine Twitter account


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{{Cabinets of Ukraine}}
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{{Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine}}
{{Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine}}

Revision as of 01:17, 20 April 2024

Cabinet of Ministers
Overview
Established28 June 1917 (1917-06-28) (originally)
18 April 1991 (1991-04-18) (current form)
StateUkraine
LeaderPrime Minister
Appointed byVerkhovna Rada
Main organCabinet of Ministers
Ministries17
Responsible toPresident and the Verkhovna Rada
HeadquartersGovernment Building
Hrushevsky Street, Kyiv[1]
Websitewww.kmu.gov.ua/en

50°26′52.0″N 30°32′1.4″E / 50.447778°N 30.533722°E / 50.447778; 30.533722 The Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine (Ukrainian: Кабінет Міністрів України, romanized: Kabinet Ministriv Ukrainy; shortened to CabMin), commonly referred to as the Government of Ukraine (Ukrainian: Уряд України, Uriad Ukrainy), is the highest body of state executive power in Ukraine.[2] As the Council of Ministers of the Ukrainian SSR, it was formed on 18 April 1991, by the Law of Ukrainian SSR No.980-XII. Vitold Fokin was approved as the first Prime Minister of Ukraine.

The cabinet is a collegiate body consisting of the cabinet's "presidium" composed of the Prime Minister of Ukraine and their vice prime ministers as well as other ministers who participate and vote on sessions of the cabinet. The prime minister presides over the cabinet. Some vice prime ministers may be appointed as the first vice prime ministers. Unlike the Soviet period of the government when presidium was actually a functioning institution, the current government presidium is nominal and vice prime ministers do not have much advantage over other ministers. All government decisions are being voted for and adopted at the sessions of the cabinet by ministers only or heads of central offices of executive authority with ministerial status. The Secretariat of Cabinet of Ministers ensures the operations of the cabinet, while the National Agency of Ukraine for Civil Service provides human resources of government officials.

The basic unit of government administration in Ukraine is a central office of executive authority (central executive office) which may be granted ministerial status. Each such central office of executive authority is chaired by its head (holova). Many central offices of executive authority without ministerial status may be part of a government ministry, while others function separately or support either the President of Ukraine or the Verkhovna Rada (parliament). Central offices of executive authority without ministerial status are designated either as services, agencies, or inspections. Selected central offices of executive authority are granted a "special status". Only very few central executive offices are designated as funds, committees or otherwise.

The current Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine is the Shmyhal Government that was formed on 4 March 2020, led by Denys Shmyhal.[3]

Scope

The number of ministries in the cabinet has changed over time, some ministries were abolished, others combined with others or degraded to state committees or agencies. Each ministry is in charge of other government sub-departments. There are three basic types of government sub-departments known as "central offices (organs) of executive authority": services, agencies, inspections. Beside the basic government sub-departments there also other government sub-departments which were granted a special status. Among such sub-departments there are various government committees, government commissions, government funds, and other institutions. Sub-departments may be elevated to ministerial status by their reorganisation and, vice versa, government ministries may degraded to sub-departments (e.g. Ministry of Emergencies was degraded to a sub-department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs).

The Cabinet is responsible to the President of Ukraine and is under the control of, and is held accountable to, the Verkhovna Rada. The Cabinet consists of the Prime Minister, the First Vice-Prime Minister, three[4] Vice-Prime Ministers, and other Ministers, who head their assigned Ministries (departments). At one time, there also was an institute of "state ministries", this institute being abolished on 25 February 1992 by the Presidential Decree (#98). The Secretariat of Cabinet of Ministers (or Minister of the Cabinet of Ministers) supports the effective operation of the government.[5] Structural part of the secretariat is also the office of the Prime Minister of Ukraine.

Public relations

Parts of Cabinet meetings are broadcast live on Ukrainian TV.[6]

Since August 2016, Ukrainians can sign and submit electronic petitions to the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine "to (assist with) the formation of the priorities of state policy and management decision-making".[7] To be considered, the petition must get at least 25,000 votes three months from the date of publication.[7]

Reforms and "optimizations"

According to Oleksandr Zapadynchuk, the process of establishing an administrative system in an already independent Ukraine started in the spring of 1991 when the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine (in place of the Council of Ministers of the Ukrainian SSR) was created, with new members of the government being appointed, as well as a new government office being formed.[8] Until the adaptation of the Constitution of Ukraine in 1996, the government of Ukraine was ruled by the 1978 Constitution of Ukraine (the Ukrainian SSR).[8] Also, the 1978 Constitution ruled that the President of Ukraine (an office created in 1991) is a head of state and a head of government (executive power) (Article 114-1).[9][8] At the same time, the government headed by Prime Minister de facto remained independent and detached from the President, a state institution which had to function governed by its own programme.[8]

Duties and authority

Government Building, 12/2, Hrushevsky Street, Kyiv[10]

The duties of the Cabinet of Ministers are described in Article 116 of the Constitution of Ukraine. Members of the government (cabinet) are citizens of Ukraine, who have the right of vote, higher education, and possess the state language (Ukrainian). The members of the government cannot have judgement against them that has not been extinguished and taken away in the established legal order. Members of the Cabinet and chief officers of central and local bodies of executive power may not combine their official activity with other work, except teaching, scholarly and creative activity outside working hours, and/or to be members of an administrative body or board of supervisors of an enterprise that is aimed at making profit. In case if a People's Deputy of Ukraine was appointed to the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine they resign as a member of parliament and their letter of resignation is reviewed immediately at the next session of the Verkhovna Rada.

At the sessions of the Cabinet may participate the President of Ukraine or their representative. During the plenary sessions of the Verkhovna Rada, the People's Deputies of Ukraine have the Time of questions to the Government during which the whole Cabinet participates and answers to all queries of members of the Verkhovna Rada.

Authority

The Cabinet issues resolutions and orders that are mandatory for execution. Normative legal acts of the Cabinet, ministries, and other central bodies of executive power are subject to registration. Failure to register invalidates the act. (see Article 117) The Cabinet also possesses the power of legislative initiative and may introduce its own bills to the Verkhovna Rada. The members of Cabinet and deputy ministers may be present at the sessions of the parliament and participate in discussions. Every year no later than 15 September the Cabinet submits a bill on the State Budget of Ukraine to the Verkhovna Rada.

The sessions of the Cabinet are considered plenipotentiary if more than a half of the Cabinet's members participate in them. In case if a minister cannot participate at the sessions they may be replaced by a deputy with a consultative capacity. On propositions of other members of the Cabinet a consultative capacity may be awarded to other participants who allowed at the sessions of the Cabinet. Over the sessions presides the Prime Minister of Ukraine, while in his(hers) absent – the First Vice Prime Minister.

The decisions of the Cabinet are adopted by the majority of the Cabinet's composition. In case of votes equality the vote of the Prime Minister is considered to be decisive.

Heads of regional government (including the Presidential representative of Ukraine in Crimea) are appointed by the President of Ukraine on the submission of the Cabinet of Ministers for the term of office of the Head of the State.[11][unreliable source?]

Appointment and dismissal

The Verkhovna Rada has five days to approve the Prime Minister after the President proposes a candidate.[12] A vote in Parliament is required to approve or dismiss any government minister.[13] The President or one-third of members of parliament can initiate a vote of no confidence, but only once in a parliament session.[14]

The entire Cabinet has to be dismissed following the Prime Minister's resignation.[15] But a Cabinet's resignation cannot be considered within a year of the Cabinet's approval of its programme of activities, meaning a Cabinet dismissal can not done in its first year of existence.[16]

The President can order the Cabinet to carry out its duties for up to 60 days until a new Cabinet begins to work.[15][17]

The composition of Cabinet is determined by the Parliament of Ukraine on the petition of the Prime Minister (with exception of Minister of Defence and Minister of Foreign Affairs, which candidates are proposed by the President). The legislation on Labour and State Service do not cover regulations of Cabinet's members. Positions of Cabinet of Ministers are political and are regulated by the Constitution of Ukraine and the Law of Ukraine on the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine.

The Verkhovna Rada terminates the powers of members of parliament appointed to the Cabinet of Ministers.[18]

2004 constitutional amendments

The 2004 constitutional amendments are also erroneously known as the 2004 Constitution of Ukraine. The following amendments were procedurally adopted however as amendments rather than as constitution which requires approval of 2/3 parliament.

Under the terms of Article 83 of Ukraine's Constitution a governing coalition needs to be formed by factions (rather than by individuals) that represent a majority of the parliament, a "coalition of parliamentary factions" (Ukrainian: Коаліція парламентських партій).[19] A February 2010 law on the parliament's regulations does demand both a decision by the factions and 226 signatures by members of parliament.[20] On 1 October 2010, the Constitutional Court of Ukraine declared the constitutional amendments of 2004 illegal, thus abolishing the principle of coalition creation in the parliament.[21][22] In February 2014 the parliament passed a law that reinstated the 2004 amendments of the constitution.[23] Three days later they also terminated the powers of five judges of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine appointed from the parliament's quota, for violating their oath.[24]


Other Central Offices (Agencies) of Executive Authority

Presidential state agencies

See also: President of Ukraine

Separate central offices (agencies) of Executive Authority

National commissions (regulatory agencies)

Advisory bodies

Government press media

Previous (historic) executive assemblies

Alternative governments

Former and originally established ministries

Further information: Government ministries of Ukraine

References

  1. ^ "Official CMU website. Address". March 2017.
  2. ^ "Article 116". Wikisource. Archived from the original on 25 March 2007. Retrieved 23 December 2007.
  3. ^ Talant, Bermet (6 March 2020). "Hasty government reshuffle sows disquiet at home, abroad". Kyiv Post.
  4. ^ "Yanukovych dismisses Sivkovych and Slauta as vice-premiers". 13 October 2010.
  5. ^ Yanukovych appoints new Cabinet of Ministers, Kyiv Post (24 December 2007)
  6. ^ First National Channel to broadcast governmental meetings, Kyiv Post (19 May 2010)
  7. ^ a b Ukrainians can submit e-petitions to Cabinet from Aug 29, UNIAN (29 August 2016)
  8. ^ a b c d Zapadinchuk, O.P. Optimization of the central executive authorities in the context of administrative reform. National Academy for Public Administration
  9. ^ The 1978 Constitution of Ukraine. Verkhovna Rada.
  10. ^ "Official CMU website. Building address". March 2017.
  11. ^ Ukraine's govt approves dismissal of Odesa region governor Stepanov, disloyal to Poroshenko, 112 Ukraine (10 April 2019)
  12. ^ Azarov out for now or out for good as prime minister?, Kyiv Post (3 December 2012)
  13. ^ Political Explainer: Ukraine’s System of Government, VoxUkraine
  14. ^ "Про Кабінет Міністрів України". Офіційний вебпортал парламенту України.
  15. ^ a b NSDC secretary sees Azarov as likely candidate for premiership, Kyiv Post (3 December 2012)
  16. ^ (in Ukrainian) Tymoshenko wants change of power: "Let them return to their 95s", Ukrayinska Pravda (16 January 2020)
  17. ^ Serhiy Arbuzov to head Ukraine govt pending premier's appointment, Interfax-Ukraine (6 February 2014)
  18. ^ Rada terminates mandates of Yatsenyuk, eight members of parliament appointed ministers, Kyiv Post (2 December 2014)
  19. ^ Excerpt from April 12 press conference, Responsibility. Lawfulness. People’s Choice Archived 14 October 2008 at the Wayback Machine, Press office of President Victor Yushchenko (12 April 2007)
  20. ^ Factions' approval, 226 signatures needed to form coalition in Ukraine's parliament, Kyiv Post (12 February 2010)
  21. ^ Summary to the Decision of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine No. 20-rp/2010 dated 30 September 2010 Archived 26 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine
  22. ^ Update: Return to 1996 Constitution strengthens president, raises legal questions, Kyiv Post (1 October 2010)
  23. ^ Ukrainian parliament reinstates 2004 Constitution, Interfax-Ukraine (21 February 2014)
  24. ^ Rada dismisses Constitutional Court judges appointed from its quota, proposes acting president and congress of judges dismiss the rest, Interfax-Ukraine (24 February 2014)
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