Industrial Groups: Difference between revisions
m fix citations |
No edit summary Tags: section blanking Mobile edit Mobile web edit |
||
| (22 intermediate revisions by 17 users not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{ |
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2019}} |
||
{{Use Australian English|date=March 2020}} |
|||
The '''Industrial Groups''' were groups formed by the [[Australian Labor Party]] (ALP) in the late 1940s, to combat [[Communist Party of Australia|Communist Party]] |
The '''Industrial Groups''' were groups formed by the [[Australian Labor Party]] (ALP) in the late 1940s, by Catholic ALP members aligned with [[B. A. Santamaria]]'s "Movement" within the ALP from 1944, to combat alleged [[Communist Party of Australia|Communist Party]] infiltration in the trade unions.<ref>Bruce Duncan. ''Crusade or Conspiracy? Catholics and the Anti-Communist Struggle in Australia'' (2001), [[University of New South Wales Press]]; {{ISBN|0-86840-731-3}}</ref><ref name="NewsWeekly_09Apr2005_GavanDuffy_TheLaborSplit-50yearson"/><ref name="Defining Momnents : ALP Split">{{Cite web|url=https://www.nma.gov.au/defining-moments/resources/alp-split|title=Defining Momnents : ALP Split}}</ref> |
||
In the late 1930s and early 1940s, there was |
In the late 1930s and early 1940s, there was a belief among some people, notably within the Catholic Church, that the [[Communist Party of Australia]] was trying to infiltrate [[trade union]]s in Australia.<ref name="FWCheshire_1970_RobertMurray_TheSplit">{{cite book|last=Murray|first=Robert|title=The Split: Australian labor in the fifties|edition=First|year=1970|publisher=[[F. W. Cheshire]]|page=13|chapter=2}}</ref><ref name="NewsWeekly_09Apr2005_GavanDuffy_TheLaborSplit-50yearson">{{cite news|url=http://www.newsweekly.com.au/articles/2005apr09_alp.html |title=Australian history: The Labor Split – 50 years on |last=Gavan Duffy |date=9 April 2005 |work=[[News Weekly]] |access-date=28 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100419082015/http://www.newsweekly.com.au/articles/2005apr09_alp.html |archive-date=19 April 2010 }}</ref> In response, the Labor party set up "industrial groups" within trade unions to counter the perceived Communist threat.<ref name="NewsWeekly_09Apr2005_GavanDuffy_TheLaborSplit-50yearson"/> |
||
In 1941, the Italian-Australian political scientist and anti-Communist activist [[B. A. Santamaria]] founded the Catholic Social Studies Movement ("The Movement") in [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]], with the support of Victoria's Roman Catholic Archbishop, [[Daniel Mannix]] to impact on the postwar labour movement. "The Movement" quickly gained a large influence in the Industrial Groups. Members of these groups were informally called "Groupers". |
In 1941, the Italian-Australian political scientist and anti-Communist activist [[B. A. Santamaria]] founded the [[Catholic Social Studies Movement]] ("[[The Movement (Australia)|The Movement]]") in [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]], with the support of Victoria's Roman Catholic Archbishop, [[Daniel Mannix]] to impact on the postwar labour movement. "The Movement" quickly gained a large influence in the Industrial Groups. Members of these groups were informally called "Groupers".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.smh.com.au/interactive/2016/shopped-out/|title=The great 'Shoppies' union sell out|last=Schneiders|first=Ben|website=Sydney Morning Herald|access-date=2020-03-26}}</ref> |
||
"The Movement" and the "Groupers" were opposed not only to the Communist Party, but to those elements within the Labor Party whom they reportedly considered to be insufficiently opposed to communism. Alleging that the "Groupers" were exercising disproportionate influence within the ALP, the party leader, [[H. V. Evatt]], turned against them following the 1954 federal election, precipitating the [[Australian Labor Party split of 1955|1955 split in the Labor Party]]. |
"The Movement" and the "Groupers" were opposed not only to the Communist Party, but to those elements within the Labor Party whom they reportedly considered to be insufficiently opposed to communism. Alleging that the "Groupers" were exercising disproportionate influence within the ALP, the party leader, [[H. V. Evatt]], turned against them following the 1954 federal election, precipitating the [[Australian Labor Party split of 1955|1955 split in the Labor Party]]. |
||
This resulted in many "Groupers" resigning or being expelled from the ALP, and the disaffiliation of several unions, and the formation of the [[Australian Labor Party (Anti-Communist)]], in 1957 becoming the [[Democratic Labor Party (1955-78)|Democratic Labor Party]].<ref>{{cite web|title=The Democratic Labor Party an overview|url=http://www.aph.gov.au/About_Parliament/Parliamentary_Departments/Parliamentary_Library/pubs/BN/2011-2012/DPLOverview|publisher=Parliament of Australia|access-date=5 March 2014}}</ref> |
|||
While the Movement and its Groupers achieved some success in the ALP and unions, the split in the ALP they caused and the preferencing of the [[Liberal Party]] by The Democratic Labor Party was instrumental in keeping the ALP out of power in Australia for almost 30 years.<ref name="Defining Momnents : ALP Split"/> |
|||
==References== |
==References== |
||
{{Reflist}} |
{{Reflist}} |
||
| ⚫ | |||
[[Category:History of the Australian Labor Party]] |
[[Category:History of the Australian Labor Party]] |
||
| ⚫ | |||
[[Category:1930s in Australia]] |
|||
[[Category:1940s in Australia]] |
|||
[[Category:1950s in Australia]] |
|||
{{ |
{{Australia-poli-stub}} |
||
{{VictoriaAU-stub}} |
{{VictoriaAU-stub}} |
||
Latest revision as of 10:28, 11 April 2024
The Industrial Groups were groups formed by the Australian Labor Party (ALP) in the late 1940s, by Catholic ALP members aligned with B. A. Santamaria's "Movement" within the ALP from 1944, to combat alleged Communist Party infiltration in the trade unions.[1][2][3]
In the late 1930s and early 1940s, there was a belief among some people, notably within the Catholic Church, that the Communist Party of Australia was trying to infiltrate trade unions in Australia.[4][2] In response, the Labor party set up "industrial groups" within trade unions to counter the perceived Communist threat.[2]
In 1941, the Italian-Australian political scientist and anti-Communist activist B. A. Santamaria founded the Catholic Social Studies Movement ("The Movement") in Victoria, with the support of Victoria's Roman Catholic Archbishop, Daniel Mannix to impact on the postwar labour movement. "The Movement" quickly gained a large influence in the Industrial Groups. Members of these groups were informally called "Groupers".[5]
"The Movement" and the "Groupers" were opposed not only to the Communist Party, but to those elements within the Labor Party whom they reportedly considered to be insufficiently opposed to communism. Alleging that the "Groupers" were exercising disproportionate influence within the ALP, the party leader, H. V. Evatt, turned against them following the 1954 federal election, precipitating the 1955 split in the Labor Party.
This resulted in many "Groupers" resigning or being expelled from the ALP, and the disaffiliation of several unions, and the formation of the Australian Labor Party (Anti-Communist), in 1957 becoming the Democratic Labor Party.[6]
While the Movement and its Groupers achieved some success in the ALP and unions, the split in the ALP they caused and the preferencing of the Liberal Party by The Democratic Labor Party was instrumental in keeping the ALP out of power in Australia for almost 30 years.[3]
References
[edit]- ^ Bruce Duncan. Crusade or Conspiracy? Catholics and the Anti-Communist Struggle in Australia (2001), University of New South Wales Press; ISBN 0-86840-731-3
- ^ a b c Gavan Duffy (9 April 2005). "Australian history: The Labor Split – 50 years on". News Weekly. Archived from the original on 19 April 2010. Retrieved 28 October 2010.
- ^ a b "Defining Momnents : ALP Split".
- ^ Murray, Robert (1970). "2". The Split: Australian labor in the fifties (First ed.). F. W. Cheshire. p. 13.
- ^ Schneiders, Ben. "The great 'Shoppies' union sell out". Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 26 March 2020.
- ^ "The Democratic Labor Party an overview". Parliament of Australia. Retrieved 5 March 2014.
 | This Australian politics–related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |
 | This Victoria (state) article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |