Retable: Difference between revisions
Bangabandhu (talk | contribs) No edit summary |
Adding local short description: "Structure or element placed on or behind an altar or communion table", overriding Wikidata description "vertical construction that carries carved, sometimes painted decorations behind an altar table" |
||
| (28 intermediate revisions by 14 users not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{Short description|Structure or element placed on or behind an altar or communion table}} |
|||
[[Image:Sto Nino Basilica Retablo.jpg|thumb|240px|The centuries-old ''retablo'' of the Main Altar of the [http://cebuheritage.com/heritage-of-cebu/old-churches/basilica-minore-del-santo-nino/ Basilica Minore del Sto. Niño] in Cebu City, Philippines.]] |
|||
{{about|elements placed either on or immediately behind the altar|devotional paintings|Retablo}} |
|||
{{wiktionary}}[[File:St John's Church, Allerston - Interior - geograph.org.uk - 495774.jpg|thumb|A simple shelf retable in Yorkshire]] |
|||
[[File:Eglise Saint-Ayoul Provins retable maitre-autel.jpg|thumb|On one strict definition, this French 17th-century construction is a retable rather than a reredos, as it is all one construction]] |
|||
A '''retable''' is a structure or element placed either on or immediately behind and above the [[altar]] or [[communion table]]<ref name=EB1911>{{EB1911 |wstitle=Retable |volume=23 |page=201}}</ref> of a church. At the minimum, it may be a simple shelf for candles behind an altar, but it can also be a large and elaborate structure. A retable which incorporates sculptures or paintings is often referred to as an [[altarpiece]]. |
|||
A '''retable''' is a framed [[altarpiece]], raised slightly above the back of the altar or [[communion table]], on which are placed the [[cross]], sculptures, ceremonial [[candlestick]]s or other ornaments. <ref name=pitt> {{cite web | url = http://www.pitt.edu/~medart/menuglossary/retable.htm | title = Glossary of Medieval Art and Architecture | publisher = Pitt.edu | access-date = November 22, 2015}} </ref> |
|||
According to the Getty ''Art & Architecture Thesaurus Online'', "A 'retable' is distinct from a '[[reredos]]'; while the reredos typically rises from ground level behind the altar, the retable is smaller, standing either on the back of the altar itself or on a pedestal behind it. Many altars have both a reredos and a retable."<ref>[http://www.getty.edu/vow/AATFullDisplay?find=retable&logic=AND¬e=&english=N&prev_page=1&subjectid=300076035 ''Art & Architecture Thesaurus Online''] 'Retable'</ref> This distinction is not always upheld in common use, and the terms are often confused or used as synonyms. In several foreign languages, such as [[French language|French]] (also using 'retable'), the usage is different, usually equating the word with the English 'reredos' or 'altarpiece', and this often leads to confusion and incorrect usage in translated texts. The [[Medieval Latin]] ''retrotabulum'' (modernized ''retabulum'') was applied to an architectural feature set up at the back of an altar, and generally taking the form of a screen framing a picture, carved or sculptured work in wood or stone, or [[mosaic]], or of a movable feature such as the ''[[Pala d'Oro]]'' in [[St Mark's Basilica]], [[Venice]], of gold, jewels and enamels.<ref name=EB1911/> The non-English word "retable" therefore often refers to what should in English be called a [[reredos]].<ref name=EB1911/> The situation is further complicated by the frequent modern addition of free-standing altars in front of the old integrated altar, to allow the celebrant to face the congregation, or be closer to it. |
|||
[[Dossal]] is another term that may overlap with both retable and reredos; today it usually means an altarpiece painting rising at the back of the altar to which it is attached, or a cloth usually hanging on the wall directly behind the altar. |
|||
| ⚫ | The cognate Spanish term, ''[[retablo]]'', refers also to a reredos or retrotabulum, although in the specific context of Mexican folk art it may refer to any two-dimensional depiction (usually a framed painting) of a saint or other Christian religious figure, as contrasted with a ''[[bulto]]'', a three-dimensional statue of same. |
||
| ⚫ | The cognate Spanish term, ''[[retablo]]'', refers also to a reredos or retrotabulum, although in the specific context of Mexican folk art, it may refer to any two-dimensional depiction (usually a framed painting) of a saint or other Christian religious figure, as contrasted with a ''[[bulto]]'', a three-dimensional statue of same. |
||
The retable may hold the [[altar cross]], mostly in Protestant churches, as well as candles, flowers and other things. |
|||
==References== |
==References== |
||
{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
||
*{{1911}} |
|||
== |
== See also == |
||
* [[Reredos]] |
|||
<gallery widths=240 heights=300> |
|||
* [[Retablo]] |
|||
File:Main altar piece of Cathedral of Seville.JPG|''Retablo Mayor'' in the [[Seville Cathedral]], greatest retable in the world |
|||
File:Tarancon - Iglesia de Nra. Sra. de la Asuncion 3.jpg|''Retablo'' of the Iglesia de Nuestra Señora de la Asunción, [[Tarancón]]. |
|||
File:SanJuanCapistranoGrandRetablo.jpg|The "Grand Retablo," a contemporary piece created in Spain in 2007 and located in Southern California's [[Mission Basilica San Juan Capistrano]].</gallery> |
|||
[[Category:Altarpieces]] |
[[Category:Altarpieces]] |
||
[[Category:Christian art]] |
[[Category:Christian art]] |
||
[[fi:Alttaritaulu]] |
|||
Latest revision as of 22:08, 10 April 2024
A retable is a structure or element placed either on or immediately behind and above the altar or communion table[1] of a church. At the minimum, it may be a simple shelf for candles behind an altar, but it can also be a large and elaborate structure. A retable which incorporates sculptures or paintings is often referred to as an altarpiece.
According to the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus Online, "A 'retable' is distinct from a 'reredos'; while the reredos typically rises from ground level behind the altar, the retable is smaller, standing either on the back of the altar itself or on a pedestal behind it. Many altars have both a reredos and a retable."[2] This distinction is not always upheld in common use, and the terms are often confused or used as synonyms. In several foreign languages, such as French (also using 'retable'), the usage is different, usually equating the word with the English 'reredos' or 'altarpiece', and this often leads to confusion and incorrect usage in translated texts. The Medieval Latin retrotabulum (modernized retabulum) was applied to an architectural feature set up at the back of an altar, and generally taking the form of a screen framing a picture, carved or sculptured work in wood or stone, or mosaic, or of a movable feature such as the Pala d'Oro in St Mark's Basilica, Venice, of gold, jewels and enamels.[1] The non-English word "retable" therefore often refers to what should in English be called a reredos.[1] The situation is further complicated by the frequent modern addition of free-standing altars in front of the old integrated altar, to allow the celebrant to face the congregation, or be closer to it.
Dossal is another term that may overlap with both retable and reredos; today it usually means an altarpiece painting rising at the back of the altar to which it is attached, or a cloth usually hanging on the wall directly behind the altar.
The cognate Spanish term, retablo, refers also to a reredos or retrotabulum, although in the specific context of Mexican folk art, it may refer to any two-dimensional depiction (usually a framed painting) of a saint or other Christian religious figure, as contrasted with a bulto, a three-dimensional statue of same.
The retable may hold the altar cross, mostly in Protestant churches, as well as candles, flowers and other things.
References
[edit]- ^ a b c This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Retable". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 23 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 201.
- ^ Art & Architecture Thesaurus Online 'Retable'
