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Coordinates: 19°59′N 76°31′E / 19.98°N 76.52°E / 19.98; 76.52
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{{Use Indian English|date=April 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2017}}
<!-- See [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Indian cities]] for details -->{{Infobox settlement
<!-- See [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Indian cities]] for details -->{{Infobox settlement
| name = Lonar
| name = Lonar
| native_name =
| native_name =
| native_name_lang = Marathi
| native_name_lang = Marathi
| other_name =
| other_name =
| nickname =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = Town
| settlement_type = [[Town]]
| image_skyline =
| image_skyline = Lonar Sarovar lake Maharastra.jpg
| image_alt =
| image_alt =
| image_caption = Ariel view of Lonar crater
| image_caption = Aerial view of Lonar crater lake in Buldhana district (Maharashtra)
| pushpin_map = India Maharashtra
| pushpin_map = India Maharashtra
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Maharashtra, India
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Maharashtra, India
| coordinates = {{coord|19.98|N|76.52|E|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates = {{coord|19.98|N|76.52|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Maharashtra]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Maharashtra]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Buldana district|Buldana]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Buldhana district|Buldhana]]
| established_title = <!-- Established -->
| established_title = <!-- Established -->
| established_date =
| established_date =
| founder =
| founder = Indian ecological dept
| named_for =
| named_for =
| government_type =
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 =
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 563
| elevation_m = 563
| population_total = 20082
| population_total = 20082
| population_as_of = 2001
| population_as_of = 2001
| population_rank =
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Marathi language|Marathi]]
| demographics1_info1 = [[Marathi language|Marathi]], [[Hindi]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = <!-- [[Postal Index Number|PIN]] -->
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 443302<ref name="pincode">{{cite web|url=https://pin-code.net/in-loc/lonar-pin-code/365799/|title=Lonar Pin code|publisher=pin-code.net|accessdate=19 July 2021}}</ref>
| postal_code =
| registration_plate =
| registration_plate =
| website =
| website =
| footnotes =
| footnotes =
}}
}}
'''Lonar''' is a town and [[municipal council]] in [[Buldhana district]] of [[Vidarbha]] region of the [[India]]n [[states of India|state]] of [[Maharashtra]]. The town is the headquarter of Lonar [[taluka]] and is located near [[Mehkar]].
'''Lonar''' is a [[town]], just 79 km from [[Buldhana|Buldhana city]] and [[municipal council]] in [[Buldhana district]] of [[Vidarbha]] region of the [[India]]n [[states of India|state]] of [[Maharashtra]]. The town is the headquarter of Lonar [[taluka]] and is located near [[Mehkar]].


Lonar is famous for [[Lonar crater]] and Lonar Lake, which is located at {{Coord|19|58|N|76|30|E |region:IN-MH_type:waterbody |name=Lonar Lake}}. It is a [[meteorite]] crater created in the Pleistocene Epoch. The crater contains salt water lake is 1.8&nbsp;km in diameter and is about 137&nbsp;m below the level of the crater rim. A small fresh water stream drains into the lake. Due to [[evaporite]] effects, the lake is mineral rich and salty and sodium and potassium salts are extracted from it.
Lonar is famous for [[Lonar crater]] and Lonar Lake, which is located at {{Coord|19|58|N|76|30|E |region:IN-MH_type:waterbody |name=Lonar Lake}}. It is a [[meteorite]] crater created in the Pleistocene Epoch. The crater contains salt water lake is 1.8&nbsp;km in diameter and is about 137&nbsp;m below the level of the crater rim. A small fresh water stream drains into the lake. Due to [[evaporite]] effects, the lake is mineral rich and salty and sodium and potassium salts are extracted from it.


==Geography==
==Geography==
Lonar is situated around 360&nbsp;km from [[Nagpur]], around 100&nbsp;km from [[Buldhana]], around 100&nbsp;km from [[Akola]], 550&nbsp;km from [[Mumbai]], around 160&nbsp;km from [[Aurangabad, Maharashtra|Aurangabad]] and around 140&nbsp;km southeast of the [[Ajanta Caves]], about 4½&nbsp;hours drive via [[Buldhana]].<ref>http://www.theindia.info/travel/lonarcrater.htm</ref>
Lonar is situated around 360&nbsp;km from [[Nagpur]], around 100&nbsp;km from [[Buldhana]], around 100&nbsp;km from [[Akola]], 550&nbsp;km from [[Mumbai]], around 160&nbsp;km from [[Aurangabad, Maharashtra|Aurangabad]] and around 140&nbsp;km southeast of the [[Ajanta Caves]], about 4½&nbsp;hours drive via [[Buldhana]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.theindia.info/travel/lonarcrater.htm |title=Lonar Meteorite Crater, Maharastra - The India Info: Speaking about Life and Travel in India |website=www.theindia.info |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120510045028/http://www.theindia.info/travel/lonarcrater.htm |archive-date=2012-05-10}} </ref>


Lonar town is located at {{Coord|19|59|06|N|76|31|23|E |scale:20000_region:IN-MH_type:city |name=Lonar}}.<ref>[http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/16/Lonar.html Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Lonar]</ref> It has an average elevation of 563&nbsp;m (1847&nbsp;[[foot (length)|feet]]).
Lonar town is located at {{Coord|19|59|06|N|76|31|23|E |scale:20000_region:IN-MH_type:city |name=Lonar}}.<ref>[http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/16/Lonar.html Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Lonar]</ref> It has an average elevation of 563&nbsp;m (1847&nbsp;[[foot (length)|feet]]).


==Demographics==
==Demographics==
As of the 2001 Indian [[census]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archivedate=2004-06-16|title= Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)|accessdate=2008-11-01|publisher= Census Commission of India}}</ref> Lonar had a population of 20,082. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Lonar has an average literacy rate of 66%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 74%, and female literacy is 58%. In Lonar, 16% of the population is under 6&nbsp;years of age.
As of the 2001 Indian [[census]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archivedate=2004-06-16|title= Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)|accessdate=2008-11-01|publisher= Census Commission of India}}</ref> Lonar had a population of 20,082. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Lonar has an average literacy rate of 66%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 74%, and female literacy is 58%. In Lonar, 16% of the population is under 6&nbsp;years of age.

{| class="wikitable"
! rowspan="2" |Year
! rowspan="2" |Male
! rowspan="2" |Female
! rowspan="2" |Total Population
! rowspan="2" |Change
! colspan="8" |Religion (%)
|-
!Hindu
!Muslim
!Christian
!Sikhs
!Buddhist
!Jain
!Other religions and persuasions
!Religion not stated
|-
|2001<ref>[https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/21494/download/24626/PC01_C01_27.xls Census India 2001].</ref>
| style="text-align:right;" |10388
| style="text-align:right;" |9694
| style="text-align:right;" |20082
| style="text-align:center;" | -
| style="text-align:right;" |55.089
| style="text-align:right;" |32.243
| style="text-align:right;" |0.080
| style="text-align:right;" |0.045
| style="text-align:right;" |8.127
| style="text-align:right;" |4.258
| style="text-align:right;" |0.105
| style="text-align:right;" |0.055
|-
|2011<ref>[https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/11382/download/14495/DDW27C-01%20MDDS.XLS Census India 2011].</ref>
| style="text-align:right;" |12114
| style="text-align:right;" |11302
| style="text-align:right;" |23416
| style="text-align:right;" |0.166
| style="text-align:right;" |52.985
| style="text-align:right;" |35.194
| style="text-align:right;" |0.056
| style="text-align:right;" |0.004
| style="text-align:right;" |8.071
| style="text-align:right;" |3.557
| style="text-align:right;" |0.004
| style="text-align:right;" |0.128
|}
{{Graph:Chart
| width=400
| height=150
| xAxisTitle=Year
| yAxisFormat = %
| showSymbols =
|colors = orange,green,blue,red,pink,grey,purple,black
| yAxisTitle=Religion
| legend=
| y1Title=Hindu
| y2Title=Muslim
| y3Title=Christian
| y4Title=Sikhs
| y5Title=Buddhist
| y6Title=Jain
| y7Title=Other
| y8Title=Religion not stated
| x=2001,2011
| type = line
| y1=0.55089,0.52985
| y2=0.32243,0.35194
| y3=0.0008,0.00056
| y4=0.00045,0.00004
| y5=0.08127,0.08071
| y6=0.04258,0.03557
| y7=0.00105,0.00004
| y8=0.00055,0.00128
}}
{{Graph:Chart
| width=400
| height=150
| xAxisTitle=Year
| yAxisFormat = %
| showSymbols =
|colors = orange,green,blue,red,pink,grey,purple,black
| yAxisTitle=Religion
| legend=
| y1Title=Hindu
| y2Title=Muslim
| y3Title=Christian
| y4Title=Sikhs
| y5Title=Buddhist
| y6Title=Jain
| y7Title=Other
| y8Title=Religion not stated
| x=2001,2011
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| y2=0.32243,0.35194
| y3=0.0008,0.00056
| y4=0.00045,0.00004
| y5=0.08127,0.08071
| y6=0.04258,0.03557
| y7=0.00105,0.00004
| y8=0.00055,0.00128
}}


==Lonar crater==
==Lonar crater==
{{main|Lonar crater}}
{{main|Lonar crater}}
{{wide image|Lonar Panorama.JPG|900px|Panoramic view of Lonar Crater|center}}
{{wide image|Lonar Panorama.JPG|900px|Panoramic view of Lonar Crater|center}}
The [[Lonar crater]] is the world's only salt water lake in [[basalt]]ic rock, believed to have been caused by a meteorite hitting Earth around 52,000 years ago.<ref>[https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2010.70 Active methylotrophs in the sediments of Lonar Lake, a saline and alkaline ecosystem formed by meteor impact]. ''The ISME Journal'' advance online publication, 17 June 2010</ref> It is surrounded by forests with a large variety of birds, particularly [[peacock]]s, [[owl]]s, [[red-wattled lapwing]]s and [[duck]]s.
The [[Lonar crater]] is the world's only salt water lake in [[basalt]]ic rock, believed to have been caused by a meteorite hitting Earth around 52,000 years ago.<ref>{{cite journal | doi = 10.1038/ismej.2010.70 | volume=4 | title=Active methylotrophs in the sediments of Lonar Lake, a saline and alkaline ecosystem formed by meteor impact | year=2010 | journal=The ISME Journal | pages=1470–1480 | last1 = Paul Antony | first1 = Chakkiath | last2 = Kumaresan | first2 = Deepak | last3 = Ferrando | first3 = Lucia | last4 = Boden | first4 = Rich | last5 = Moussard | first5 = Hélène | last6 = Fernández Scavino | first6 = Ana | last7 = Shouche | first7 = Yogesh S | last8 = Murrell | first8 = J Colin| issue=11 | pmid=20555363 | doi-access = free }}</ref> It is surrounded by forests with a large variety of birds, particularly [[peacock]]s, [[owl]]s, [[red-wattled lapwing]]s and [[duck]]s.

===Flora and fauna===
===Flora and fauna===
Lonar has its own ecological system. As the sun sets, the entire lake appears differently. The lake water sweeps across the shore like sea water, and the birds, wolves, peacocks and other creatures start making their presence felt. It is a wonderful scene to watch the sun rising or setting below the lake walls. The lake has a remarkable presence of splinters of glass confirming the meteorite's impact, which caused the enormous temperature rise thereby turning the sand into glass.
Lonar has its own ecological system. As the sun sets, the entire lake appears differently. The lake water sweeps across the shore like sea water, and the birds, wolves, peacocks and other creatures start making their presence felt. It is a wonderful scene to watch the sun rising or setting below the lake walls. The lake has a remarkable presence of splinters of glass confirming the meteorite's impact, which caused the enormous temperature rise thereby turning the sand into glass.


==Ambar lake==
==Ambar lake==
This lake was formed by a small meteor which might have been separated from the main meteor.
This lake was formed by a small meteor which might have been separated from the main meteor. Shags


==Temples==
==Temples==
Line 79: Line 182:


==Transport and tourism==
==Transport and tourism==
[[File:Maharashtra Tourism Information Board at Lonar Crater.jpg|thumb|right|Maharashtra Tourism Information Board at Lonar Crater depicting information about the same]]
The nearest [[train station]]s are Shegaon near Khamgaon and [[Malkapur, Buldana|Malkapur]] near [[Bhusawal]] railway-junction, on the [[Mumbai]]-[[Bhusawal]]-[[Nagpur]] route of [[Central Railway (India)|Central Railway]] of Indian Railways and is around 100&nbsp;km from Lonar. Buses also run to Lonar from Nagpur, Akola, Buldhana, Malkapur and Jalna.

The nearest [[train station]]s are Shegaon near Khamgaon and [[Malkapur, Buldana|Malkapur]] near [[Bhusawal]] railway-junction, on the [[Mumbai]]-[[Bhusawal]]-[[Nagpur]] route of [[Central Railway (India)|Central Railway]] of Indian Railways and is around 100&nbsp;km from Lonar. Buses also run to Lonar from Nagpur, Akola, Buldhana, Malkapur, Jalna and Nanded.


If travelling from [[Nagpur]], one must take a bus till Mehkar near [[Washim]] and then head to Lonar. From Mumbai or Pune, the most convenient route is to first reach Aurangabad via bus (Mumbai and Pune) or train/flight (from Mumbai only) and then take a state transport bus to Lonar. From Pune, air-conditioned and regular buses run every hour from the Shivajinagar bus stand to Aurangabad.
If travelling from [[Nagpur]], one must take a bus till Mehkar near [[Washim]] and then head to Lonar. From Mumbai or Pune, the most convenient route is to first reach Aurangabad via bus (Mumbai and Pune) or train/flight (from Mumbai only) and then take a state transport bus to Lonar. From Pune, air-conditioned and regular buses run every hour from the Shivajinagar bus stand to Aurangabad.


Maharashtra Tourism runs a resort just 50 meters from the lake. This property is modern, well maintained and cheap. There also are several low cost and simple accommodations called lodges available in the town.
Maharashtra Tourism runs a resort just 50 meters from the lake. This property is modern, well maintained and cheap. There also are several low cost and simple accommodations called lodges available in the town.


The food available in Lonar has influence from both Khandesh and Marathwada cuisines. It is unique and simple but spicy.
The food available in Lonar has influence from both Khandesh and Marathwada cuisines. It is unique and simple but spicy.
Line 96: Line 201:
|East = [[Risod]]([[Washim district]])
|East = [[Risod]]([[Washim district]])
|Southeast =
|Southeast =
|South = [[Mantha]]
|South = [[Mantha, Jalna|Mantha]]
|Southwest = [[Partur]],([[Jalna district]])
|Southwest = [[Partur]],([[Jalna district]])
|West = [[Sindkhed Raja]], [[Bibi]], [[Sultanpur Lodhi|Sultanpur]]
|West = [[Sindkhed Raja]], Bibi, [[Sultanpur Lodhi|Sultanpur]]
|Northwest = [[Chikhali]]
|Northwest = [[Chikhali (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Chikhali]]
}}
}}


Latest revision as of 07:25, 17 March 2024

Lonar
Town
Aerial view of Lonar crater lake in Buldhana district (Maharashtra)
Aerial view of Lonar crater lake in Buldhana district (Maharashtra)
Lonar is located in Maharashtra
Lonar
Lonar
Location in Maharashtra, India
Coordinates: 19°59′N 76°31′E / 19.98°N 76.52°E / 19.98; 76.52
Country India
StateMaharashtra
DistrictBuldhana
Founded byIndian ecological dept
Elevation
563 m (1,847 ft)
Population
 (2001)
 • Total
20,082
Languages
 • OfficialMarathi, Hindi
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN
443302[1]

Lonar is a town, just 79 km from Buldhana city and municipal council in Buldhana district of Vidarbha region of the Indian state of Maharashtra. The town is the headquarter of Lonar taluka and is located near Mehkar.

Lonar is famous for Lonar crater and Lonar Lake, which is located at 19°58′N 76°30′E / 19.967°N 76.500°E / 19.967; 76.500 (Lonar Lake). It is a meteorite crater created in the Pleistocene Epoch. The crater contains salt water lake is 1.8 km in diameter and is about 137 m below the level of the crater rim. A small fresh water stream drains into the lake. Due to evaporite effects, the lake is mineral rich and salty and sodium and potassium salts are extracted from it.

Geography

[edit]

Lonar is situated around 360 km from Nagpur, around 100 km from Buldhana, around 100 km from Akola, 550 km from Mumbai, around 160 km from Aurangabad and around 140 km southeast of the Ajanta Caves, about 4½ hours drive via Buldhana.[2]

Lonar town is located at 19°59′06″N 76°31′23″E / 19.98500°N 76.52306°E / 19.98500; 76.52306 (Lonar).[3] It has an average elevation of 563 m (1847 feet).

Demographics

[edit]

As of the 2001 Indian census,[4] Lonar had a population of 20,082. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Lonar has an average literacy rate of 66%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 74%, and female literacy is 58%. In Lonar, 16% of the population is under 6 years of age.

Year Male Female Total Population Change Religion (%)
Hindu Muslim Christian Sikhs Buddhist Jain Other religions and persuasions Religion not stated
2001[5] 10388 9694 20082 - 55.089 32.243 0.080 0.045 8.127 4.258 0.105 0.055
2011[6] 12114 11302 23416 0.166 52.985 35.194 0.056 0.004 8.071 3.557 0.004 0.128

Lonar crater

[edit]
Main article: Lonar crater
Panoramic view of Lonar Crater

The Lonar crater is the world's only salt water lake in basaltic rock, believed to have been caused by a meteorite hitting Earth around 52,000 years ago.[7] It is surrounded by forests with a large variety of birds, particularly peacocks, owls, red-wattled lapwings and ducks.

Flora and fauna

[edit]

Lonar has its own ecological system. As the sun sets, the entire lake appears differently. The lake water sweeps across the shore like sea water, and the birds, wolves, peacocks and other creatures start making their presence felt. It is a wonderful scene to watch the sun rising or setting below the lake walls. The lake has a remarkable presence of splinters of glass confirming the meteorite's impact, which caused the enormous temperature rise thereby turning the sand into glass.

Ambar lake

[edit]

This lake was formed by a small meteor which might have been separated from the main meteor. Shags

Temples

[edit]
Main article: Lonar crater lake § Religious setting
Side profile of the Daitya Sudan temple

Numerous temples surround the lake, around the rim of the crater and further down around the lake, most of which stand in ruins today, except for the temple of Daitya Sudan at the centre of the Lonar town, which was built in honour of Vishnu's victory over the giant Lonasur. It is a fine example of early Hindu architecture.[8] Vishnumandir, Wagh Mahadev, Mora Mahadev, Munglyacha Mandir and Goddess Kamalaja Devia are the other temples found inside the crater.[9]

Transport and tourism

[edit]
Maharashtra Tourism Information Board at Lonar Crater depicting information about the same

The nearest train stations are Shegaon near Khamgaon and Malkapur near Bhusawal railway-junction, on the Mumbai-Bhusawal-Nagpur route of Central Railway of Indian Railways and is around 100 km from Lonar. Buses also run to Lonar from Nagpur, Akola, Buldhana, Malkapur, Jalna and Nanded.

If travelling from Nagpur, one must take a bus till Mehkar near Washim and then head to Lonar. From Mumbai or Pune, the most convenient route is to first reach Aurangabad via bus (Mumbai and Pune) or train/flight (from Mumbai only) and then take a state transport bus to Lonar. From Pune, air-conditioned and regular buses run every hour from the Shivajinagar bus stand to Aurangabad.

Maharashtra Tourism runs a resort just 50 meters from the lake. This property is modern, well maintained and cheap. There also are several low cost and simple accommodations called lodges available in the town.

The food available in Lonar has influence from both Khandesh and Marathwada cuisines. It is unique and simple but spicy.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Lonar Pin code". pin-code.net. Retrieved 19 July 2021.
  2. ^ "Lonar Meteorite Crater, Maharastra - The India Info: Speaking about Life and Travel in India". www.theindia.info. Archived from the original on 10 May 2012.
  3. ^ Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Lonar
  4. ^ "Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 16 June 2004. Retrieved 1 November 2008.
  5. ^ Census India 2001.
  6. ^ Census India 2011.
  7. ^ Paul Antony, Chakkiath; Kumaresan, Deepak; Ferrando, Lucia; Boden, Rich; Moussard, Hélène; Fernández Scavino, Ana; Shouche, Yogesh S; Murrell, J Colin (2010). "Active methylotrophs in the sediments of Lonar Lake, a saline and alkaline ecosystem formed by meteor impact". The ISME Journal. 4 (11): 1470–1480. doi:10.1038/ismej.2010.70. PMID 20555363.
  8. ^ [1] Central Provinces Buldana district Gazetteer
  9. ^ [2] –Lonar more 29 March Lillyn Kamath
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