2004 Boscastle flood: Difference between revisions
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{{short description|Flooding event in Boscastle, England}} |
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|name=Boscastle flood of 2004 |
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|date=16 August 2004 |
|date=16 August 2004 |
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|total fatalities=0 |
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|affected=Boscastle; Crackington Haven |
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|damages=Extensive |
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⚫ | The '''2004 Boscastle flood''' ({{lang-kw|An Lanwes Kastel Boterel 2004}}) occurred on Monday 16 August 2004 in the two villages of [[Boscastle]] and [[Crackington Haven]]<ref name="Crackington Haven">{{cite web|title=Crackington Haven|url=http://www.cornwall365.co.uk/cornwall/places,91,Crackington-Haven.html#.VMExlv7kd8M|website=cornwall365.co.uk|publisher=Cornwall 365|access-date=22 January 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150122200538/http://www.cornwall365.co.uk/cornwall/places,91,Crackington-Haven.html#.VMExlv7kd8M|archive-date=22 January 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. The villages suffered extensive damage after [[flash flood]]s caused by an exceptional amount of rain that fell over eight hours that afternoon. The flood in Boscastle was filmed and extensively reported, but the floods in [[Crackington Haven]] and [[Rocky Valley]] were not mentioned beyond the local news. The floods were the worst in local memory. A study commissioned by the [[Environment Agency]] from hydraulics consulting firm [[HR Wallingford]] concluded that it was among the most extreme ever experienced in Britain. The peak flow was about 140 m<sup>3</sup>/s, between 5:00 pm and 6:00 pm BST. The annual chance of this (or a greater) flood in any one year is about 1 in 400.<ref name="Ross 2012 p.65 ">{{cite book |last=Ross |first=S.R.J. |title=AQA GCSE Geography A |publisher=Nelson Thornes |location=Cheltenham |year=2012 |isbn=978-1-4085-1708-6 |page=[https://archive.org/details/aqagcsegeography0000ross/page/65 65] | url=https://archive.org/details/aqagcsegeography0000ross/page/65}}</ref> The probability each year of the heaviest three-hour rainfall is about 1 in 1300 (although rainfall probability is not the same as flood probability). At midday on 16 August 2004, heavy thundery showers had developed across the South West due to a weak disturbance to the northeast of the United Kingdom.<ref>{{cite web|title=17 August 2004 surface analysis|url=http://www.met.fu-berlin.de/de/wetter/maps/Analyse_20040816.gif|work=Institute of Meteorology|publisher=[[Free University of Berlin]]|access-date=4 April 2012}}</ref> |
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⚫ | The '''Boscastle flood |
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The last time Boscastle had suffered notable |
The last time Boscastle had suffered notable [[flood]]ing was in 1996 as a result of [[Hurricane Lili (1996)|Hurricane Lili]], but floods are recorded in 1847, 1957, on 3 June 1958 (one man drowned) and on 6 February during the [[Winter of 1962–63 in the United Kingdom]]. On 16 August 1952 the small town of [[Lynmouth]], {{convert|50|mi|km}} north-east along the north coast in [[Devon]] near [[Exmoor]], suffered extensive damage in a catastrophic flood, in which 34 people lost their lives. Coincidentally, this was 52 years to the day before Boscastle's 2004 flood. |
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==Causes of the flood== |
==Causes of the flood== |
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⚫ | On 16 August, warm air picking up moisture – due to residual heat from the Atlantic Ocean – travelled toward the Cornish coast as prevailing winds. Upon contact with the topographically vertical coast, these winds experienced a strong up-drafting force, thus causing internal moisture to rise and consequently cool as a string of storm clouds. With [[Convergence zone|convergence]]<ref>{{cite news |title=Weatherwatch: a meeting of winds in convergence zones |last=Wooltorton |first=Jodie |newspaper=The Guardian |date=17 August 2021 |url= https://www.theguardian.com/news/2021/aug/17/weatherwatch-a-meeting-of-winds-in-convergence-zones}}</ref> and coalescence, enhanced moisture levels resulted in heavy rainfall on the afternoon of 16 August 2004. 185 mm (7 inches) of rain fell over the high ground just inland of Boscastle. At the peak of the downpour, at about 15:40 [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]], 24.1mm of rain (almost one inch) was recorded as falling in just 15 minutes at [[Lesnewth]], {{convert|2.5|mi|0}} up the valley from Boscastle. In Boscastle, {{convert|89|mm|1}} of rain was recorded in 60 minutes. The rain was very localised: [[Otterham]] and Lesnewth, both a few miles inland from Boscastle, recorded 24-hour totals of 200 mm and 185 mm respectively on the day,<ref name="Met Office">{{cite web|title=Met Office (Boscastle Flood)|url=http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/binaries/content/assets/mohippo/pdf/6/0/boscastle_flood_-_16_august_2004.pdf|website=metoffice.gov.uk|publisher=Met Office|access-date=14 November 2016}}</ref> whereas four of the nearest 10 [[rain gauge]]s showed less than 3 mm of rain in the same period. The cause of the very heavy localised rain is thought to be an extreme example of what has become known as the [[Brown Willy effect]]. |
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⚫ | The torrential rain led to a {{convert|2|m|ft|0|adj=on|abbr=on}} rise in river levels in one hour. A {{convert|3|m|0|adj=on|abbr=on}} wave, believed to have been triggered by water pooling behind [[debris]] caught under a bridge and then being suddenly released as the bridge collapsed, surged down the main road. Water speed was over {{convert|4|m/s|mph|-1|abbr=on}}, more than enough to cause structural damage. It is estimated that {{convert|20000000|m3|USgal}} of water flowed through Boscastle that day alone. The steep valley sides and the saturated surface ensured a high amount of surface run-off. |
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⚫ | On |
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⚫ | The torrential rain led to a 2 |
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==Impact of the flood== |
==Impact of the flood== |
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75 cars, 5 caravans, 6 buildings and several boats were washed into the sea; approximately 100 homes and businesses were destroyed, and some had to be demolished; trees were uprooted and debris were scattered over a large area. In an operation lasting from mid-afternoon until 2:30 |
75 cars, 5 caravans, 6 buildings and several boats were washed into the sea {{cn|date=October 2023}}; approximately 100 homes and businesses were destroyed, and some had to be demolished; trees were uprooted and debris were scattered over a large area. In an operation lasting from mid-afternoon until 2:30 am, a fleet of 7 [[Westland Sea King]] [[helicopter]]s rescued about 150 people clinging to trees and the roofs of buildings and cars. No major injuries or loss of life were reported. It was widely reported by newspapers at the time that the only injury was a broken thumb. The estimated cost of damage was £15 million.<ref name="Ross 2012 p.64 ">{{cite book |last=Ross |first=S.R.J. |title=AQA GCSE Geography A |url=https://archive.org/details/aqagcsegeography0000ross/page/64 |publisher=Nelson Thornes |location=Cheltenham, UK |year=2012 |page=[https://archive.org/details/aqagcsegeography0000ross/page/64 64] |isbn=978-1-4085-1708-6}}</ref> |
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==Work since the flood== |
==Work since the flood== |
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===2004=== |
===2004=== |
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*August: Buildings searched, buried cars removed from harbour, trees removed, roads cleared, B3263 bridge temporary concrete parapets installed. |
*August: Buildings searched, buried cars removed from harbour, trees removed, roads cleared, B3263 bridge temporary concrete parapets installed. |
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*20 August: Boscastle Coast Path closed |
*20 August: Boscastle Coast Path closed |
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*14 September: Work started on the overflow culvert for the Valency River. |
*14 September: Work started on the overflow culvert for the [[Valency River]]. |
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*December: Overflow culvert work completed.Also many hard sticks were inserted into the ground so it would create a barrier against the flood. |
*December: Overflow culvert work completed. Also many hard sticks were inserted into the ground so it would create a barrier against the flood. |
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===2005=== |
===2005=== |
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*1 November: Work started to widen and lower the river channel to increase capacity. |
*1 November: Work started to widen and lower the river channel to increase capacity. |
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*December: A new visitor centre opened, in the former Harbour Restaurant, bought by the National Trust. |
*December: A new visitor centre opened, in the former Harbour Restaurant, bought by the National Trust. |
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*December: The car park level was raised |
*December: The car park level was raised and extended, reducing the risk of cars being washed away. |
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===2007=== |
===2007=== |
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==The lower bridge== |
==The lower bridge== |
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[[ |
[[File:SP A0036.jpg|thumb|right|The New Lower Bridge, taken on 20 December 2007]] |
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The main structure of the |
The main structure of the lower bridge survived the flood; however, the stone walls did not, and were washed away. On 1 May 2005, the official reopening of the village, wooden fences were used on the bridge to temporarily replace the stone walls. The bridge used to have a concrete plaque on it saying "This bridge is the private property of the lord of the manor, August 1887". This was lost during the flood, but then recovered from the harbour in good condition. This bridge has now been replaced with a new one. |
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The original proposal was for a stone bridge, this was rejected. The second proposal is for a modern concrete bridge, with steel railings. Public consultations were held and villagers were asked to select their preference from four designs; most did not choose the one which has been proposed. This plan was rejected. |
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==Mini flood – 21 June 2007== |
==Mini flood – 21 June 2007== |
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Boscastle flooded again, although not nearly as badly as the 2004 floods. After an afternoon of intense localised rainfall, and a week of steady rain everyday, a small flood happened on 21 June 2007. 30 mm fell on the area in one hour. Roads had become flooded in the area and in the village, most water came from the saturated fields around the village. Many drains had become blocked. Roads around the [[Tintagel]], [[Camelford]] and [[Davidstow]] area were closed off to stop people visiting the village. River levels were alarmingly high, but the banks contained the water. However the many culverts of the River Jordan had overflowed onto the villages roads, adding to the amount of water on the roads. The new storm culvert joining the River Jordan to the River Valency was at full capacity, but did not flood. Services and organisations called in included: |
Boscastle flooded again, although not nearly as badly as the 2004 floods. After an afternoon of intense localised rainfall, and a week of steady rain everyday, a small flood happened on 21 June 2007. 30 mm fell on the area in one hour. Roads had become flooded in the area and in the village, most water came from the saturated fields around the village. Many drains had become blocked. Roads around the [[Tintagel]], [[Camelford]] and [[Davidstow]] area were closed off to stop people visiting the village. River levels were alarmingly high, but the banks contained the water. However the many culverts of the [[River Valency|River Jordan]] had overflowed onto the villages roads, adding to the amount of water on the roads. The new storm culvert joining the River Jordan to the River Valency was at full capacity, but did not flood. Services and organisations called in included: |
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*Fire crews from [[Bude]], [[Delabole]] and [[Launceston, Cornwall|Launceston]] to pump out the water from properties |
*Fire crews from [[Bude]], [[Delabole]] and [[Launceston, Cornwall|Launceston]] to pump out the water from properties |
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*Crews to unblock the blocked up drains in the village |
*Crews to unblock the blocked up drains in the village |
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*Helicopters from RNAS Culdrose and RMB Chivenor were on stand-by |
*Helicopters from RNAS Culdrose and RMB Chivenor were on stand-by |
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*Boscastle Coast Guard |
*Boscastle Coast Guard |
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The Environment Agency's flood defences installed after the 2004 flood worked and kept the water in the river channel. A few properties in the village were flooded by {{convert|3|ft|m|abbr=on}} from water flowing down the streets, rather than from the river flooding, although the damage was not nearly as bad as the 2004 flood. The two main roads (B3266, B3263) were blocked with flood waste and debris, although this was cleared and the roads reopened the following morning. The Environment Agency looked at the culverts around the village and will change them all to modern drainage |
The Environment Agency's flood defences installed after the 2004 flood worked and kept the water in the river channel. A few properties in the village were flooded by {{convert|3|ft|m|0|abbr=on}} from water flowing down the streets, rather than from the river flooding, although the damage was not nearly as bad as the 2004 flood. The two main roads (B3266, B3263) were blocked with flood waste and debris, although this was cleared and the roads reopened the following morning. The Environment Agency looked at the culverts around the village and will change them all to modern drainage |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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{{Portal|Cornwall}} |
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*[[List of natural disasters in the United Kingdom]] |
*[[List of natural disasters in the United Kingdom]] |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
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{{ |
{{Commons}} |
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*[http://www.metoffice.com/climate/uk/interesting/20040816.html Weather statistics for Boscastle area] ([[Met Office]], 16 August 2004) |
*[http://www.metoffice.com/climate/uk/interesting/20040816.html Weather statistics for Boscastle area] ([[Met Office]], 16 August 2004) |
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*[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/cornwall/3571844.stm Prince sees Boscastle devastation] ([[BBC News]], 18 August 2004) |
*[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/cornwall/3571844.stm Prince sees Boscastle devastation] ([[BBC News]], 18 August 2004) |
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*[ |
*[https://www.bbc.co.uk/cornwall/uncovered/stories/august2004/boscastle_floods.shtml 'Boscastle Flood'] (BBC News, 23 August 2004) |
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*[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/cornwall/4167707.stm Boscastle gets rebuild go-ahead] ( |
*[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/cornwall/4167707.stm Boscastle gets rebuild go-ahead] (BBC News, 12 January 2005) |
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*[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/cornwall/4133936.stm Boscastle's mixed recovery] ( |
*[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/cornwall/4133936.stm Boscastle's mixed recovery] (BBC News, 15 August 2005) |
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*[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/cornwall/4154678.stm 'Ghost town' fears over Boscastle] ( |
*[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/cornwall/4154678.stm 'Ghost town' fears over Boscastle] (BBC News, 16 August 2005) |
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*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?hl=en&v=SxweiRNlHbo&gl=US 'Boscastle, Flash Flood'] (YouTube, added 30 April 2009) |
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?hl=en&v=SxweiRNlHbo&gl=US 'Boscastle, Flash Flood'] (YouTube, added 30 April 2009) |
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*[https://web.archive.org/web/20050114210524/http://www.environment-agency.gov.uk |
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20050114210524/http://www.environment-agency.gov.uk/news/944736?lang=_e Boscastle flood study findings] ([[Environment Agency]], 12 January 2005) |
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*[http://www.helis.com/database/ops/167/ Boscastle Flood Rescue operation] helis.com database operations page |
*[http://www.helis.com/database/ops/167/ Boscastle Flood Rescue operation] helis.com database operations page |
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*[https://sites.google.com/site/ukfloods/flooding-case-studies/boscastle-flood-2004 UK Floods-Case studies of causes and effects and flooding policies, Boscastle Flood- 16 August 2004] {{subscription}} |
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[[Category:2004 in England]] |
[[Category:2004 in England]] |
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[[Category:2004 natural disasters]] |
[[Category:2004 natural disasters]] |
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[[Category:2000s floods in the United Kingdom]] |
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[[Category:2004 disasters in the United Kingdom]] |
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[[Category:2004 floods]] |
[[Category:2004 floods]] |
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[[Category:Floods in England|Boscastle]] |
[[Category:Floods in England|Boscastle]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:2000s in Cornwall]] |
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[[Category:August 2004 events]] |
[[Category:August 2004 events in the United Kingdom]] |
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[[Category:Boscastle]] |
Revision as of 18:24, 16 March 2024
This article needs additional citations for verification. (May 2011) |
![]() The old Cornish Stores shop | |
Meteorological history | |
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Date | 16 August 2004 |
Overall effects | |
Damage | Extensive |
Areas affected | Boscastle; Crackington Haven |
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Boscastle_05.jpg/220px-Boscastle_05.jpg)
The 2004 Boscastle flood (Cornish: An Lanwes Kastel Boterel 2004) occurred on Monday 16 August 2004 in the two villages of Boscastle and Crackington Haven[1] in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. The villages suffered extensive damage after flash floods caused by an exceptional amount of rain that fell over eight hours that afternoon. The flood in Boscastle was filmed and extensively reported, but the floods in Crackington Haven and Rocky Valley were not mentioned beyond the local news. The floods were the worst in local memory. A study commissioned by the Environment Agency from hydraulics consulting firm HR Wallingford concluded that it was among the most extreme ever experienced in Britain. The peak flow was about 140 m3/s, between 5:00 pm and 6:00 pm BST. The annual chance of this (or a greater) flood in any one year is about 1 in 400.[2] The probability each year of the heaviest three-hour rainfall is about 1 in 1300 (although rainfall probability is not the same as flood probability). At midday on 16 August 2004, heavy thundery showers had developed across the South West due to a weak disturbance to the northeast of the United Kingdom.[3]
The last time Boscastle had suffered notable flooding was in 1996 as a result of Hurricane Lili, but floods are recorded in 1847, 1957, on 3 June 1958 (one man drowned) and on 6 February during the Winter of 1962–63 in the United Kingdom. On 16 August 1952 the small town of Lynmouth, 50 miles (80 km) north-east along the north coast in Devon near Exmoor, suffered extensive damage in a catastrophic flood, in which 34 people lost their lives. Coincidentally, this was 52 years to the day before Boscastle's 2004 flood.
Causes of the flood
On 16 August, warm air picking up moisture – due to residual heat from the Atlantic Ocean – travelled toward the Cornish coast as prevailing winds. Upon contact with the topographically vertical coast, these winds experienced a strong up-drafting force, thus causing internal moisture to rise and consequently cool as a string of storm clouds. With convergence[4] and coalescence, enhanced moisture levels resulted in heavy rainfall on the afternoon of 16 August 2004. 185 mm (7 inches) of rain fell over the high ground just inland of Boscastle. At the peak of the downpour, at about 15:40 GMT, 24.1mm of rain (almost one inch) was recorded as falling in just 15 minutes at Lesnewth, 2.5 miles (4 km) up the valley from Boscastle. In Boscastle, 89 millimetres (3.5 in) of rain was recorded in 60 minutes. The rain was very localised: Otterham and Lesnewth, both a few miles inland from Boscastle, recorded 24-hour totals of 200 mm and 185 mm respectively on the day,[5] whereas four of the nearest 10 rain gauges showed less than 3 mm of rain in the same period. The cause of the very heavy localised rain is thought to be an extreme example of what has become known as the Brown Willy effect.
The torrential rain led to a 2 m (7 ft) rise in river levels in one hour. A 3 m (10 ft) wave, believed to have been triggered by water pooling behind debris caught under a bridge and then being suddenly released as the bridge collapsed, surged down the main road. Water speed was over 4 m/s (10 mph), more than enough to cause structural damage. It is estimated that 20,000,000 cubic metres (5.3×109 US gal) of water flowed through Boscastle that day alone. The steep valley sides and the saturated surface ensured a high amount of surface run-off.
Changes in farming practice in the area also possibly contributed, sewage could have been a cause as well, with a reduction of trees and hedges higher up the valley causing water to flow through more quickly than would have been the case in the past. No one died in the flood.
Impact of the flood
75 cars, 5 caravans, 6 buildings and several boats were washed into the sea [citation needed]; approximately 100 homes and businesses were destroyed, and some had to be demolished; trees were uprooted and debris were scattered over a large area. In an operation lasting from mid-afternoon until 2:30 am, a fleet of 7 Westland Sea King helicopters rescued about 150 people clinging to trees and the roofs of buildings and cars. No major injuries or loss of life were reported. It was widely reported by newspapers at the time that the only injury was a broken thumb. The estimated cost of damage was £15 million.[6]
Work since the flood
Most work took place in the winter season (October–May), during the off-season. The carpark was reduced to half-capacity (120 spaces) in winter, in order for works to take place, and then back to 240 spaces in summer.
2004
- August: Buildings searched, buried cars removed from harbour, trees removed, roads cleared, B3263 bridge temporary concrete parapets installed.
- 20 August: Boscastle Coast Path closed
- 14 September: Work started on the overflow culvert for the Valency River.
- December: Overflow culvert work completed. Also many hard sticks were inserted into the ground so it would create a barrier against the flood.
2005
- Early 2005: Most shops and restaurants re-open
- Boscastle power system renewed
- Water supply restored
- Food supply restored
- The flood defences were increased
- Defences improved strongly
- Rebuilding and repairs are mostly finished
2006
- 30 October: Work on two underground pumping stations for the sewage treatment scheme began.
- 1 November: Work started to widen and lower the river channel to increase capacity.
- December: A new visitor centre opened, in the former Harbour Restaurant, bought by the National Trust.
- December: The car park level was raised and extended, reducing the risk of cars being washed away.
2007
- January: Work started on the 'gateway building' next to the car park, to contain toilets, a bus shelter, and information boards.
- April: Work stopped on gateway building due to problems with planning permission, and the building being built taller than expected.
- 21 June: Boscastle reflooded, although it was not nearly as bad as during the 2004 floods.
- September: Work restarted on Gateway Building, after planning permission is approved to lower the height of the building
- October: Work started on rebuilding an old culvert at the top of the village, to allow more water to flow through in periods of heavy rain.
- October: Work started on installing the pipes for the new sewage treatments works, in the harbour area (between the Lower and Upper bridges).
- 12 November: The main road in the harbour area was closed, from the bridge to the car park, while Cormac started work on new wider pavements, and Carillion installed pipes under the road for the new sewage treatment works.
- 14 December: The main road in the harbour area was reopened and temporary traffic lights put in place.
- 18 December: The new lower bridge was installed.
2008
- January: Work on improving the harbour pavements completed. Work on rebuilding the culvert next to the petrol station completed.
- February: Work began on renewing the culvert in Dunn Street, to allow more water through in times of heavy rain.
- March: The Harbour area road was resurfaced. Work on rebuilding the culvert in Dunn Street completed.
- April: Old Lower Bridge was demolished, and the new Lower Bridge was brought into use.
The lower bridge
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/SP_A0036.jpg/220px-SP_A0036.jpg)
During the flood of 2004, 14 cars became lodged beneath the old stone bridge; this caused a huge backlog of flood water and debris, adding to the damage caused in the surrounding area.
The main structure of the lower bridge survived the flood; however, the stone walls did not, and were washed away. On 1 May 2005, the official reopening of the village, wooden fences were used on the bridge to temporarily replace the stone walls. The bridge used to have a concrete plaque on it saying "This bridge is the private property of the lord of the manor, August 1887". This was lost during the flood, but then recovered from the harbour in good condition. This bridge has now been replaced with a new one.
The new bridge, which is a few metres further down the river than the old bridge, was installed on 18 December 2007, and was made by Cornish Concrete, a company based near Truro. The main arch is made from reinforced concrete, with metal railings.
The old bridge, which was over 100 years old, was demolished in early April 2008.
Mini flood – 21 June 2007
Boscastle flooded again, although not nearly as badly as the 2004 floods. After an afternoon of intense localised rainfall, and a week of steady rain everyday, a small flood happened on 21 June 2007. 30 mm fell on the area in one hour. Roads had become flooded in the area and in the village, most water came from the saturated fields around the village. Many drains had become blocked. Roads around the Tintagel, Camelford and Davidstow area were closed off to stop people visiting the village. River levels were alarmingly high, but the banks contained the water. However the many culverts of the River Jordan had overflowed onto the villages roads, adding to the amount of water on the roads. The new storm culvert joining the River Jordan to the River Valency was at full capacity, but did not flood. Services and organisations called in included:
- Fire crews from Bude, Delabole and Launceston to pump out the water from properties
- Crews to unblock the blocked up drains in the village
- The Environment Agency
- The Police and Council
- Helicopters from RNAS Culdrose and RMB Chivenor were on stand-by
- Boscastle Coast Guard
The Environment Agency's flood defences installed after the 2004 flood worked and kept the water in the river channel. A few properties in the village were flooded by 3 ft (1 m) from water flowing down the streets, rather than from the river flooding, although the damage was not nearly as bad as the 2004 flood. The two main roads (B3266, B3263) were blocked with flood waste and debris, although this was cleared and the roads reopened the following morning. The Environment Agency looked at the culverts around the village and will change them all to modern drainage
See also
References
- ^ "Crackington Haven". cornwall365.co.uk. Cornwall 365. Archived from the original on 22 January 2015. Retrieved 22 January 2015.
- ^ Ross, S.R.J. (2012). AQA GCSE Geography A. Cheltenham: Nelson Thornes. p. 65. ISBN 978-1-4085-1708-6.
- ^ "17 August 2004 surface analysis". Institute of Meteorology. Free University of Berlin. Retrieved 4 April 2012.
- ^ Wooltorton, Jodie (17 August 2021). "Weatherwatch: a meeting of winds in convergence zones". The Guardian.
- ^ "Met Office (Boscastle Flood)" (PDF). metoffice.gov.uk. Met Office. Retrieved 14 November 2016.
- ^ Ross, S.R.J. (2012). AQA GCSE Geography A. Cheltenham, UK: Nelson Thornes. p. 64. ISBN 978-1-4085-1708-6.
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- Weather statistics for Boscastle area (Met Office, 16 August 2004)
- Prince sees Boscastle devastation (BBC News, 18 August 2004)
- 'Boscastle Flood' (BBC News, 23 August 2004)
- Boscastle gets rebuild go-ahead (BBC News, 12 January 2005)
- Boscastle's mixed recovery (BBC News, 15 August 2005)
- 'Ghost town' fears over Boscastle (BBC News, 16 August 2005)
- 'Boscastle, Flash Flood' (YouTube, added 30 April 2009)
- Boscastle flood study findings (Environment Agency, 12 January 2005)
- Boscastle Flood Rescue operation helis.com database operations page
- UK Floods-Case studies of causes and effects and flooding policies, Boscastle Flood- 16 August 2004 (subscription required)