Geographic data and information: Difference between revisions

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Geographic data and information is defined in the ISO/TC 211 series of standards as data and information having an implicit or explicit association with a location relative to Earth (a geographic location or geographic position).^[1]^[2] It is also called geospatial data and information,^{[citation needed]} georeferenced data and information,^{[citation needed]} as well as geodata and geoinformation.^{[citation needed]}

Location information (known by the many names mentioned here) is stored in a geographic information system (GIS).

There are also many different types of geodata, including vector files, raster files, geographic databases, web files, and multi-temporal data.

Spatial data or spatial information is broader class of data whose geometry is relevant but it is not necessarily georeferenced, such as in computer-aided design (CAD), see geometric modeling.

Fields of study

Geographic data and information are the subject of a number of overlapping fields of study, mainly:

"Geospatial technology" may refer to any of "geomatics", "geomatics", or "geographic information technology."

The above is in addition to other related fields, such as:

References

External links

Media related to Geographic data and information at Wikimedia Commons

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[1] Geolexica, the authoritative glossary for geographic information technology from ISO/TC 211

[2] Geolexica, the authoritative glossary for geographic information technology from ISO/TC 211

[1]

[2]

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+{{short description|Data and information having an implicit or explicit association with a location}}
 {{Redirect|Geospatial}}
+{{More citations needed|date=April 2023}}
-'''Geographic data and information''' are defined in the [[ISO/TC 211]] series of standards as data and information having an implicit or explicit association with a location relative to [[Earth]].<ref>[https://www.geolexica.com/concepts/202/ Geolexica, the authoritative glossary for geographic information technology from ISO/TC 211]</ref><ref>[https://www.geolexica.com/concepts/205/ Geolexica, the authoritative glossary for geographic information technology from ISO/TC 211]</ref>
+'''Geographic data and information''' is defined in the [[ISO/TC 211]] series of standards as data and information having an implicit or explicit association with a location relative to [[Earth]] (a [[geographic location]] or [[geographic position]]).<ref>[https://isotc211.geolexica.org/concepts/202/ Geolexica, the authoritative glossary for geographic information technology from ISO/TC 211]</ref><ref>[https://isotc211.geolexica.org/concepts/205/ Geolexica, the authoritative glossary for geographic information technology from ISO/TC 211]</ref> It is also called '''geospatial data and information''',{{citation needed|date=July 2016}} '''georeferenced data and information''',{{citation needed|date=July 2016}} as well as '''geodata''' and '''geoinformation'''.{{citation needed|date=July 2016}}
+Location information (known by the many names mentioned here) is stored in a [[geographic information system]] (GIS).
-It is also called '''geospatial data and information''',{{cn|date=July 2016}} '''georeferenced data and information''',{{cn|date=July 2016}} as well as '''geodata''' and '''geoinformation'''.{{cn|date=July 2016}}
+There are also many different types of geodata, including [[vector graphics|vector files]], [[raster graphics|raster files]], [[geographic databases]], web files, and multi-temporal data.
-Approximately 90% of government sourced data has a location component.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Romero|first1=Melissa|title=New Atlas tool has everything you need to know about Philly properties|url=https://philly.curbed.com/2017/11/7/16617296/philadelphia-properties-land-vacant-lot-atlas-map-tool|website=Curbed|accessdate=7 November 2017|date=2017-11-07}}</ref> Location information (known by the many names mentioned here) is stored in a [[geographic information system]] (GIS).
+'''Spatial data''' or '''spatial information''' is broader class of data whose geometry is relevant but it is not necessarily [[georeferenced]], such as in [[computer-aided design]] (CAD), see [[geometric modeling]].
-There are also many different types of geodata, including [[vector graphics|vector files]], [[raster graphics|raster files]], [[geographic databases]], web files, and multi-temporal data.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://gisgeography.com/what-is-geodata-geospatial-data/|title=What is Geodata? A Guide to Geospatial Data|last=says|first=Samir Mera|date=2019-06-17|website=GIS Geography|language=en-US|access-date=2019-10-10}}</ref>
+==Fields of study==
+Geographic data and information are the subject of a number of overlapping [[fields of study]], mainly:
+* [[Geocomputation]]
+* [[Geographic information science]]
+** [[Geographic information science and technology]]
+* [[Geoinformatics]]
+* [[Geomatics]]
+* [[Geovisualization]]
+"Geospatial technology" may refer to any of "geomatics", "geomatics", or "geographic information technology."
+The above is in addition to other related fields, such as:
+* [[Cartography]]
+* [[Geodesy]]
+* [[Geography]]
+* [[Geostatistics]]
+* [[Photogrammetry]]
+* [[Remote sensing]]
+* [[Spatial data analysis]]
+* [[Surveying]]
+* [[Topography]]
 ==See also==
 {{Main cat|Geographic data and information}}
+* [[Geomatics engineering]]
+* [[Earth observation data]]
+* [[Geographic feature]]
 * [[Georeferencing]]
+* [[Geospatial intelligence]]
-* [[Geographic information science]]
+* [[Spatial_contextual_awareness#Ubiquitous_geographic_information_(UBGI)/Ubiquitous_cartography|Ubiquitous geographic information]]
-* [[Geomatics]]
-*[[Geospatial intelligence]]
 ==References==
@@ Line 20: / Line 45: @@
 ==Further reading==
-* Roger A. Longhorn and Michael Blakemore (2007), ''Geographic Information: Value, Pricing, Production, and Consumption'', CRC Press.
+* Roger A. Longhorn; Michael Blakemore (2007). ''[https://books.google.com/books/about/Geographic_Information.html?id=SiWEEvUvTSkC Geographic Information: Value, Pricing, Production, and Consumption]''. CRC Press.
 ==External links==
-* {{Commonscat-inline}}
+*{{Commons category-inline}}
-{{geography-stub}}
 [[Category:Geographic data and information| ]]
+{{geography-stub}}