Geographic data and information: Difference between revisions
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{{short description|Data and information having an implicit or explicit association with a location}} |
{{short description|Data and information having an implicit or explicit association with a location}} |
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{{Redirect|Geospatial}} |
{{Redirect|Geospatial}} |
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{{More citations needed|date=April 2023}} |
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'''Geographic data and information''' is defined in the [[ISO/TC 211]] series of standards as data and information having an implicit or explicit association with a location relative to [[Earth]] (a [[geographic location]] or [[geographic position]]).<ref>[https://isotc211.geolexica.org/concepts/202/ Geolexica, the authoritative glossary for geographic information technology from ISO/TC 211]</ref><ref>[https://isotc211.geolexica.org/concepts/205/ Geolexica, the authoritative glossary for geographic information technology from ISO/TC 211]</ref> |
'''Geographic data and information''' is defined in the [[ISO/TC 211]] series of standards as data and information having an implicit or explicit association with a location relative to [[Earth]] (a [[geographic location]] or [[geographic position]]).<ref>[https://isotc211.geolexica.org/concepts/202/ Geolexica, the authoritative glossary for geographic information technology from ISO/TC 211]</ref><ref>[https://isotc211.geolexica.org/concepts/205/ Geolexica, the authoritative glossary for geographic information technology from ISO/TC 211]</ref> It is also called '''geospatial data and information''',{{citation needed|date=July 2016}} '''georeferenced data and information''',{{citation needed|date=July 2016}} as well as '''geodata''' and '''geoinformation'''.{{citation needed|date=July 2016}} |
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Location information (known by the many names mentioned here) is stored in a [[geographic information system]] (GIS). |
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It is also called '''geospatial data and information''',{{citation needed|date=July 2016}} '''georeferenced data and information''',{{citation needed|date=July 2016}} as well as '''geodata''' and '''geoinformation'''.{{citation needed|date=July 2016}} |
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Approximately 90% of government sourced data has a location component.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Romero|first1=Melissa|title=New Atlas tool has everything you need to know about Philly properties|url=https://philly.curbed.com/2017/11/7/16617296/philadelphia-properties-land-vacant-lot-atlas-map-tool|website=Curbed|access-date=7 November 2017|date=2017-11-07}}</ref> Location information (known by the many names mentioned here) is stored in a [[geographic information system]] (GIS). |
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⚫ | There are also many different types of geodata, including [[vector graphics|vector files]], [[raster graphics|raster files]], [[geographic databases]], web files, and multi-temporal data. |
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'''Spatial data''' or '''spatial information''' is broader class of data whose geometry is relevant but it is not necessarily [[georeferenced]], such as in [[computer-aided design]] (CAD), see [[geometric modeling]]. |
'''Spatial data''' or '''spatial information''' is broader class of data whose geometry is relevant but it is not necessarily [[georeferenced]], such as in [[computer-aided design]] (CAD), see [[geometric modeling]]. |
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* [[Geocomputation]] |
* [[Geocomputation]] |
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* [[Geographic information science]] |
* [[Geographic information science]] |
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** [[Geographic information science and technology]] |
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* [[Geoinformatics]] |
* [[Geoinformatics]] |
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* [[Geomatics]] |
* [[Geomatics]] |
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* [[Geovisualization]] |
* [[Geovisualization]] |
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"Geospatial technology" may refer to any of "geomatics", "geomatics", or "geographic information technology." |
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* [[Cartography]] |
* [[Cartography]] |
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* [[Geodesy]] |
* [[Geodesy]] |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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{{Main cat|Geographic data and information}} |
{{Main cat|Geographic data and information}} |
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* [[Geomatics engineering]] |
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* [[Earth observation data]] |
* [[Earth observation data]] |
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* [[Geographic feature]] |
* [[Geographic feature]] |
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==Further reading== |
==Further reading== |
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* Roger A. Longhorn |
* Roger A. Longhorn; Michael Blakemore (2007). ''[https://books.google.com/books/about/Geographic_Information.html?id=SiWEEvUvTSkC Geographic Information: Value, Pricing, Production, and Consumption]''. CRC Press. |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
Revision as of 10:04, 8 March 2024
This article needs additional citations for verification. (April 2023) |
Geographic data and information is defined in the ISO/TC 211 series of standards as data and information having an implicit or explicit association with a location relative to Earth (a geographic location or geographic position).[1][2] It is also called geospatial data and information,[citation needed] georeferenced data and information,[citation needed] as well as geodata and geoinformation.[citation needed]
Location information (known by the many names mentioned here) is stored in a geographic information system (GIS).
There are also many different types of geodata, including vector files, raster files, geographic databases, web files, and multi-temporal data.
Spatial data or spatial information is broader class of data whose geometry is relevant but it is not necessarily georeferenced, such as in computer-aided design (CAD), see geometric modeling.
Fields of study
Geographic data and information are the subject of a number of overlapping fields of study, mainly:
"Geospatial technology" may refer to any of "geomatics", "geomatics", or "geographic information technology."
The above is in addition to other related fields, such as:
- Cartography
- Geodesy
- Geography
- Geostatistics
- Photogrammetry
- Remote sensing
- Spatial data analysis
- Surveying
- Topography
See also
- Geomatics engineering
- Earth observation data
- Geographic feature
- Georeferencing
- Geospatial intelligence
- Ubiquitous geographic information
References
Further reading
- Roger A. Longhorn; Michael Blakemore (2007). Geographic Information: Value, Pricing, Production, and Consumption. CRC Press.
External links
- Media related to Geographic data and information at Wikimedia Commons