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{{short description|Data and information having an implicit or explicit association with a location}}
{{short description|Data and information having an implicit or explicit association with a location}}
{{Redirect|Geospatial}}
{{Redirect|Geospatial}}
{{More citations needed|date=April 2023}}


'''Geographic data and information''' is defined in the [[ISO/TC 211]] series of standards as data and information having an implicit or explicit association with a location relative to [[Earth]] (a [[geographic location]] or [[geographic position]]).<ref>[https://isotc211.geolexica.org/concepts/202/ Geolexica, the authoritative glossary for geographic information technology from ISO/TC 211]</ref><ref>[https://isotc211.geolexica.org/concepts/205/ Geolexica, the authoritative glossary for geographic information technology from ISO/TC 211]</ref>
'''Geographic data and information''' is defined in the [[ISO/TC 211]] series of standards as data and information having an implicit or explicit association with a location relative to [[Earth]] (a [[geographic location]] or [[geographic position]]).<ref>[https://isotc211.geolexica.org/concepts/202/ Geolexica, the authoritative glossary for geographic information technology from ISO/TC 211]</ref><ref>[https://isotc211.geolexica.org/concepts/205/ Geolexica, the authoritative glossary for geographic information technology from ISO/TC 211]</ref> It is also called '''geospatial data and information''',{{citation needed|date=July 2016}} '''georeferenced data and information''',{{citation needed|date=July 2016}} as well as '''geodata''' and '''geoinformation'''.{{citation needed|date=July 2016}}


Location information (known by the many names mentioned here) is stored in a [[geographic information system]] (GIS).
It is also called '''geospatial data and information''',{{citation needed|date=July 2016}} '''georeferenced data and information''',{{citation needed|date=July 2016}} as well as '''geodata''' and '''geoinformation'''.{{citation needed|date=July 2016}}


⚫
There are also many different types of geodata, including [[vector graphics|vector files]], [[raster graphics|raster files]], [[geographic databases]], web files, and multi-temporal data.
Approximately 90% of government sourced data has a location component.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Romero|first1=Melissa|title=New Atlas tool has everything you need to know about Philly properties|url=https://philly.curbed.com/2017/11/7/16617296/philadelphia-properties-land-vacant-lot-atlas-map-tool|website=Curbed|access-date=7 November 2017|date=2017-11-07}}</ref> Location information (known by the many names mentioned here) is stored in a [[geographic information system]] (GIS).

⚫
There are also many different types of geodata, including [[vector graphics|vector files]], [[raster graphics|raster files]], [[geographic databases]], web files, and multi-temporal data.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://gisgeography.com/what-is-geodata-geospatial-data/|title=What is Geodata? A Guide to Geospatial Data|last=says|first=Samir Mera|date=2019-06-17|website=GIS Geography|language=en-US|access-date=2019-10-10}}</ref>


'''Spatial data''' or '''spatial information''' is broader class of data whose geometry is relevant but it is not necessarily [[georeferenced]], such as in [[computer-aided design]] (CAD), see [[geometric modeling]].
'''Spatial data''' or '''spatial information''' is broader class of data whose geometry is relevant but it is not necessarily [[georeferenced]], such as in [[computer-aided design]] (CAD), see [[geometric modeling]].
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* [[Geocomputation]]
* [[Geocomputation]]
* [[Geographic information science]]
* [[Geographic information science]]
** [[Geographic information science and technology]]
* [[Geoinformatics]]
* [[Geoinformatics]]
* [[Geomatics]]
* [[Geomatics]]
* [[Geovisualization]]
* [[Geovisualization]]
"Geospatial technology" may refer to any of "geomatics", "geomatics", or "geographic information technology."
⚫
This is in addition to other more specific branches, such as:

⚫
The above is in addition to other related fields, such as:
* [[Cartography]]
* [[Cartography]]
* [[Geodesy]]
* [[Geodesy]]
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==See also==
==See also==
{{Main cat|Geographic data and information}}
{{Main cat|Geographic data and information}}
* [[Geomatics engineering]]
* [[Earth observation data]]
* [[Earth observation data]]
* [[Geographic feature]]
* [[Geographic feature]]
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==Further reading==
==Further reading==
* Roger A. Longhorn and Michael Blakemore (2007), ''Geographic Information: Value, Pricing, Production, and Consumption'', CRC Press.
* Roger A. Longhorn; Michael Blakemore (2007). ''[https://books.google.com/books/about/Geographic_Information.html?id=SiWEEvUvTSkC Geographic Information: Value, Pricing, Production, and Consumption]''. CRC Press.


==External links==
==External links==

Revision as of 10:04, 8 March 2024

"Geospatial" redirects here. For other uses, see Geospatial (disambiguation).

Geographic data and information is defined in the ISO/TC 211 series of standards as data and information having an implicit or explicit association with a location relative to Earth (a geographic location or geographic position).[1][2] It is also called geospatial data and information,[citation needed] georeferenced data and information,[citation needed] as well as geodata and geoinformation.[citation needed]

Location information (known by the many names mentioned here) is stored in a geographic information system (GIS).

There are also many different types of geodata, including vector files, raster files, geographic databases, web files, and multi-temporal data.

Spatial data or spatial information is broader class of data whose geometry is relevant but it is not necessarily georeferenced, such as in computer-aided design (CAD), see geometric modeling.

Fields of study

Geographic data and information are the subject of a number of overlapping fields of study, mainly:

"Geospatial technology" may refer to any of "geomatics", "geomatics", or "geographic information technology."

The above is in addition to other related fields, such as:

See also

Main category: Geographic data and information

References

  1. ^ Geolexica, the authoritative glossary for geographic information technology from ISO/TC 211
  2. ^ Geolexica, the authoritative glossary for geographic information technology from ISO/TC 211

Further reading


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