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{{short description|Destroyer of the Regia Marina}}
{{other ships|Italian destroyer Euro}}
{{other ships|Italian ship Euro}}

{|{{Infobox ship begin}}
{|{{Infobox ship begin}}
{{Infobox ship image
{{Infobox ship image
|Ship image=
|Ship image=RN Nembo5.JPG
|Ship caption=
|Ship caption=[[Sister ship]] ''Nembo''
}}
}}
{{Infobox ship career
{{Infobox ship career
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|Ship ordered=
|Ship ordered=
|Ship awarded=
|Ship awarded=
|Ship builder=[[Cantiere navale di Riva Trigoso|CNT]], [[Riva Trigoso]]
|Ship builder=[[Cantiere navale di Riva Trigoso|Cantieri del Tirreno]], [[Riva Trigoso]]
|Ship original cost=
|Ship original cost=
|Ship yard number=
|Ship yard number=
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|Ship completed=22 December 1927
|Ship completed=22 December 1927
|Ship commissioned=
|Ship commissioned=
|Ship identification='''ER'''
|Ship identification=ER
|Ship motto=
|Ship motto=
|Ship nickname=
|Ship nickname=
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}}
}}
{{Infobox ship characteristics
{{Infobox ship characteristics
|Header caption=(as built)
|Ship class={{sclass-|Turbine|destroyer|3}}
|Ship class={{sclass|Turbine|destroyer}}
|Ship displacement=*{{convert|1092|LT|t}} ([[Standard displacement|standard]])<ref name=Jane>{{cite book|last=McMurtrie |first=Francis |title=Jane's Fighting Ships: 1937 |year=1937 |page=280 }}</ref>
|Ship displacement=*{{cvt|1090|t|LT|lk=on}} ([[Displacement (ship)#Standard displacement|standard]])
* {{convert|1670|LT|t}} ([[deep load]])
*{{cvt|1700|t|LT|-1}} ([[full load]])
|Ship length={{convert|307|ft|6|in|m|1|abbr=on}}<ref name=Jane/>
|Ship beam={{convert|30.5|ft|m|1|abbr=on}}<ref name=Jane/>
|Ship length= {{convert|93.2|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
|Ship draught={{convert|10.75|ft|m|1|abbr=on}}<ref name=Jane/>
|Ship beam= {{convert|9.2|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
|Ship power=*{{convert|40000|shp|lk=in|abbr=on}}<ref name=Jane/>
|Ship draught= {{convert|3|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
* 3 [[Thornycroft]] [[Three-drum boiler|3-drum boiler]]s
|Ship power=*3 [[Thornycroft boiler]]s
*{{Cvt|40000|shp|lk=on}}
|Ship propulsion=2 shafts, [[Parsons Marine Steam Turbine Company|Parsons]] geared [[steam turbine]]s
|Ship propulsion=2 shafts; 2 geared [[steam turbine]]s
|Ship speed={{convert|36|kn|lk=in}}<ref name=Jane/>
|Ship range={{convert|3800|nmi|lk=in|abbr=on}} at {{convert|20|kn}}
|Ship speed={{convert|33|kn|lk=in}}
|Ship range= {{convert|3200|nmi|abbr=on|lk=in}} at {{convert|14|kn}}
|Ship complement=*145 (6 officers + 139 non-officers and sailors) peacetime
|Ship complement=179
*179 (12 officers + 167 non-officers and sailors) wartime
|Ship armament=* 2 × twin [[120 mm Italian naval gun#45-calibre OTO 1926|{{convert|120|mm|in|abbr=on}} guns]]
|Ship sensors=
|Ship armament=*2 × twin [[120 mm Italian naval gun#45-calibre OTO 1926|{{convert|120|mm|in|abbr=on}} guns]]
* 2 × single [[QF 2 pounder naval gun|{{cvt|40|mm|in|1}}]] [[AA gun]]s
* 3 × single [[QF 2-pounder naval gun|40 mm/39 pom-pom]] anti-aircraft guns
* 1 × twin [[Breda Model 1931 Machine Gun|{{cvt|13.2|mm}} machine guns]]
* 2 × triple {{convert|533|mm|in|0|abbr=on}} [[torpedo tube]]s
* 2 × triple {{convert|533|mm|in|0|abbr=on}} [[torpedo tube]]s
* 52 [[naval mine|mines]] (optional)
* 52 [[naval mine|mines]]
|Ship notes=
|Ship notes=
}}
}}
|}
|}


'''Italian destroyer ''Euro''''' was a {{sclass-|Turbine|destroyer|2}} built for the [[Royal Italian Navy]] (''Regia Marina'') during late 1920s. She was named after Euro, weak winter easterly wind bringing rain and storms to the Mediterranean.
'''''Euro''''' was one of eight {{sclass|Turbine|destroyer|2}}s built for the {{lang|it|[[Regia Marina]]}} (Royal Italian Navy) during the 1920s. She was named after Euro, weak winter easterly wind bringing rain and storms to the Mediterranean.


==Description and Construction==
==Design and description==
The ''Turbine''-class destroyers were enlarged and improved versions of the preceding {{sclass|Sauro|destroyer|4}}. They had an [[length overall|overall length]] of {{convert|93.2|m|ft|0|sp=us}}, a beam of {{convert|9.2|m|ftin|sp=us}} and a mean [[draft (hull)|draft]] of {{convert|3|m|ftin|sp=us}}.<ref name=w9>Whitley, p. 161</ref> They displaced {{convert|1090|t|LT|sp=us|lk=on}} at [[Displacement (ship)#Standard displacement|standard]] load, and {{convert|1700|t|LT|sp=us|-1}} at [[deep load]]. Their complement was 12 officers and 167 enlisted men.<ref name=f8/>
{{sclass-|Turbine|destroyer|0}} warships were built in 1927-1928 and contained characteristics that can be described as transitional between the ships of the post-World War I period and those built in 1930s. Compared to both of their predecessors, {{sclass-|Sauro|destroyer|0}} and {{sclass-|Sella|destroyer|0}} vessels, their hull was elongated to accommodate a more powerful propulsion system to gain about 10% more power and increase their speed by 1 knot. Additional side fuel tanks were added which allowed to increase fuel stowage to 446 tons of fuel oil.


The ''Turbine''s were powered by two [[Parsons Marine Steam Turbine Company|Parsons]] geared [[steam turbine]]s, each driving one propeller shaft using steam supplied by three [[Thornycroft boiler]]s. The turbines were rated at {{convert|40000|shp|lk=on}} for a speed of {{convert|33|kn|lk=in}} in service,<ref name=g0>Roberts, p. 299</ref> although ''Euro'' reached a speed of {{convert|38.9|kn}} during her [[sea trial]]s while lightly loaded.<ref>McMurtrie, p. 280</ref> They carried enough [[fuel oil]] to give them a range of {{convert|3200|nmi|lk=in}} at a speed of {{convert|14|kn}}.<ref name=w9/>
''Euro'' like all other Turbine-class boats had a significant overload: their design standard displacement was {{convert|1092|LT|t}} but in practice it was around {{convert|1220|LT|t}}. Her [[deep load]] was {{convert|1670|LT|t}} as designed, and ended up being {{convert|1715|LT|t}} as built. The ship had an [[length overall|overall length]] of {{convert|307.5|ft|m|1}}, a [[beam (nautical)|beam]] of {{convert|30.5|ft|m|1}} and a [[draft (hull)|draught]] of {{convert|10.75|ft|m|1}}. She was powered by 2 [[Parsons Marine Steam Turbine Company|Parsons]] geared [[steam turbine]]s, driving two shafts, which developed a total of {{convert|40000|shp|lk=in}} and gave a maximum speed of {{convert|36|kn|lk=in}}.<ref name=Jane/> During the trials the contract speed was exceeded, ''Euro'' was clocked at {{convert|38.9|kn|lk=in}} during trials,<ref name=Jane/> but at full load the vessel could reach no more than {{convert|33|kn|lk=in}}. Steam for the turbines was provided by three [[Thornycroft]] [[Three-drum boilers|3-drum boiler]]s. ''Euro'' carried a maximum of {{convert|446|LT|t}} of [[fuel oil]] that gave her a range of {{convert|3800|nmi|lk=in}} at {{convert|20|kn}}.


The ship mounted four 45-[[caliber (artillery)|calibre]] [[120 mm Italian naval gun#45-calibre OTO 1926|{{convert|120|mm|in|abbr=on}} guns]] in twin mounts. For [[Anti-aircraft warfare|anti-aircraft]] (AA) defense, three [[QF 2-pounder naval gun|40 mm/39 pom-pom]] cannons in single mounts were deployed at the time of launching. In early 1930s one of the [[QF 2-pounder naval gun|40 mm/39 pom-pom]] guns was removed, and a single mount twin [[Breda Model 1931 Machine Gun|13.2&nbsp;mm]] machine guns were installed. She was fitted with two above-water triple {{convert|533|mm|in|0|abbr=on}} [[torpedo tube]] mounts, and could also carry 52 mines.
Their [[main battery]] consisted of four [[120 mm Italian naval gun#50-calibre Ansaldo 1926|{{convert|120|mm|in|sp=us|adj=on}}]] guns in two twin-[[gun turret]]s, one each fore and aft of the [[superstructure]].<ref name=f8>Fraccaroli, p. 47</ref> [[Anti-aircraft warfare|Anti-aircraft (AA) defense]] for the ''Turbine''-class ships was provided by a pair of [[QF 2 pounder naval gun|{{convert|40|mm|in|1|adj=on|sp=us}}]] [[AA gun]]s in single mounts [[amidships]] and a twin-gun mount for [[Breda Model 1931 Machine Gun|{{convert|13.2|mm|adj=on|sp=us}} machine guns]]. They were equipped with six {{convert|533|mm|in|adj=on|sp=us|0}} [[torpedo tube]]s in two triple mounts amidships.<ref name=g0/> The ''Turbine''s could carry 52 [[naval mine|mines]].<ref name=f8/>


==Construction and career==
''Euro'' was built at the [[Cantiere navale di Riva Trigoso|CNT]] shipyard in [[Riva Trigoso]]. She was laid down on 24 January 1925 and launched on 7 July 1927. The ship was completed on 22 December 1927 and after sea trials officially entered the service with [[Regia Marina]].
''Euro'' was [[laid down]] by [[Cantiere navale di Riva Trigoso|Cantieri Navali del Tirreno]] at their [[Riva Trigoso]] [[shipyard]] on 24 January 1925, [[Ceremonial ship launching|launched]] on 7 July 1927 and completed on 22 December.<ref name=w9/>

==Service==

TBC


== Notes ==
== Notes ==
{{reflist|30em}}
{{reflist|30em}}


==References==
==Bibliography==
* {{cite book|last=Brescia|first=Maurizio|title=Mussolini's Navy: A Reference Guide to the Regina Marina 1930–45|year=2012|publisher=Naval Institute Press|location=Annapolis, Maryland|isbn=978-1-59114-544-8}}
*Greene, Jack & Massignani, Alessandro: ''The Naval War in the Mediterranean, 1940–1943'', Chatam Publishing, London, 1998. {{ISBN|1-86176-057-4}}.
*{{cite book |last1=Fraccaroli |first1=Aldo |title=Italian Warships of World War II |date=1968 |publisher=Ian Allan |location=Shepperton, UK |isbn=0-7110-0002-6}}
*De la Sierra, Luis: ''La Guerra Naval en el Mediterráneo'', Editorial Juventud, Barcelona, 1976. {{ISBN|84-261-0264-6}}. {{es icon}}
*{{cite book|last=O'Hara|first=Vincent P.|year=2009|title=Struggle for the Middle Sea: The Great Navies at War in the Mediterranean Theater, 1940–1945|publisher=Naval Institute Press| location=[[Annapolis, Maryland]]|isbn=978-1-59114-648-3}}
*{{cite book|last1=Greene|first1=Jack|last2=Massignani|first2=Alessandro|title=The Naval War in the Mediterranean, 1940–1943|publisher=Chatham Publishing|location=London|year=1998| name-list-style=amp|isbn=1-86176-057-4}}
*{{cite book|last=Brown |first=David |title=The Royal Navy and the Mediterranean: Vol.I: September 1939 - October 1940 |year=2013 |publisher=Routledge |isbn= 978-1135281540}}
*{{cite book |editor1-last=McMurtrie |editor1-first=Francis E. |title=Jane's Fighting Ships 1937 |date=1937 |publisher=Sampson Low |location=London |oclc=927896922}}
*{{cite book|last=O'Hara|first=Vincent P.|year=2009|title=Struggle for the Middle Sea: The Great Navies at War in the Mediterranean Theater, 1940–1945|publisher=Naval Institute Press| location=Annapolis, Maryland|isbn=978-1-59114-648-3}}
*{{cite book|title=Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1922–1946|editor1-last=Chesneau |editor1-first=Roger |publisher=Mayflower Books|location=New York|year=1980|isbn=0-8317-0303-2 |chapter=Italy |last1=Roberts |first1=John|pages=280–317}}
* {{cite book|last=Rohwer|first=Jürgen|title=Chronology of the War at Sea 1939–1945: The Naval History of World War Two|publisher=Naval Institute Press|location=Annapolis, Maryland|year=2005|edition=Third Revised|isbn=1-59114-119-2|authorlink=Jürgen Rohwer}}
* {{cite book|first=M. J.|last=Whitley|title=Destroyers of World War 2: An International Encyclopedia |year=1988|publisher=Naval Institute Press|location=Annapolis, Maryland|isbn=1-85409-521-8 |authorlink=Michael J. Whitley}}

==External links==
==External links==
* [https://www.marina.difesa.it/noi-siamo-la-marina/mezzi/mezzi-storici/Pagine/EFGHI/euro02.aspx Euro (1927)] Marina Militare website
*[http://www.navypedia.org/ships/italy/it_dd_turbine.htm Turbine class destroyers]


{{Portal bar|Italy|Engineering}}
{{Turbine class destroyer}}
{{Turbine class destroyer}}
{{October 1943 shipwrecks}}
{{October 1943 shipwrecks}}


{{coord missing}}
{{coord missing|Mediterranean}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Euro}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Euro}}
[[Category:Turbine-class destroyers]]
[[Category:Turbine-class destroyers]]
[[Category:World War II naval ships of Italy]]
[[Category:World War II destroyers of Italy]]
[[Category:World War II destroyers of Italy]]
[[Category:1927 ships]]
[[Category:1927 ships]]
[[Category:Maritime incidents in September 1940]]
[[Category:Maritime incidents in September 1940]]
[[Category:World War II shipwrecks in the Mediterranean]]
[[Category:World War II shipwrecks in the Mediterranean Sea]]
[[Category:Ships built in Italy]]
[[Category:Ships built in Italy]]
[[Category:Maritime incidents in October 1943]]

Latest revision as of 08:48, 3 February 2024

For other ships with the same name, see Italian ship Euro.
History
Kingdom of Italy
NameEuro
NamesakeEuro, easterly wind
BuilderCantieri del Tirreno, Riva Trigoso
Laid down24 January 1925
Launched7 July 1927
Completed22 December 1927
IdentificationER
FateSunk, 3 October 1943
General characteristics (as built)
Class and typeTurbine-class destroyer
Displacement
Length93.2 m (305 ft 9 in)
Beam9.2 m (30 ft 2 in)
Draught3 m (9 ft 10 in)
Installed power
Propulsion2 shafts; 2 geared steam turbines
Speed33 knots (61 km/h; 38 mph)
Range3,200 nmi (5,900 km; 3,700 mi) at 14 knots (26 km/h; 16 mph)
Complement179
Armament

Euro was one of eight Turbine-class destroyers built for the Regia Marina (Royal Italian Navy) during the 1920s. She was named after Euro, weak winter easterly wind bringing rain and storms to the Mediterranean.

Design and description

[edit]

The Turbine-class destroyers were enlarged and improved versions of the preceding Sauro class. They had an overall length of 93.2 meters (306 ft), a beam of 9.2 meters (30 ft 2 in) and a mean draft of 3 meters (9 ft 10 in).[1] They displaced 1,090 metric tons (1,070 long tons) at standard load, and 1,700 metric tons (1,670 long tons) at deep load. Their complement was 12 officers and 167 enlisted men.[2]

The Turbines were powered by two Parsons geared steam turbines, each driving one propeller shaft using steam supplied by three Thornycroft boilers. The turbines were rated at 40,000 shaft horsepower (30,000 kW) for a speed of 33 knots (61 km/h; 38 mph) in service,[3] although Euro reached a speed of 38.9 knots (72.0 km/h; 44.8 mph) during her sea trials while lightly loaded.[4] They carried enough fuel oil to give them a range of 3,200 nautical miles (5,900 km; 3,700 mi) at a speed of 14 knots (26 km/h; 16 mph).[1]

Their main battery consisted of four 120-millimeter (4.7 in) guns in two twin-gun turrets, one each fore and aft of the superstructure.[2] Anti-aircraft (AA) defense for the Turbine-class ships was provided by a pair of 40-millimeter (1.6 in) AA guns in single mounts amidships and a twin-gun mount for 13.2-millimeter (0.52 in) machine guns. They were equipped with six 533-millimeter (21 in) torpedo tubes in two triple mounts amidships.[3] The Turbines could carry 52 mines.[2]

Construction and career

[edit]

Euro was laid down by Cantieri Navali del Tirreno at their Riva Trigoso shipyard on 24 January 1925, launched on 7 July 1927 and completed on 22 December.[1]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c Whitley, p. 161
  2. ^ a b c Fraccaroli, p. 47
  3. ^ a b Roberts, p. 299
  4. ^ McMurtrie, p. 280

Bibliography

[edit]
  • Brescia, Maurizio (2012). Mussolini's Navy: A Reference Guide to the Regina Marina 1930–45. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 978-1-59114-544-8.
  • Fraccaroli, Aldo (1968). Italian Warships of World War II. Shepperton, UK: Ian Allan. ISBN 0-7110-0002-6.
  • Greene, Jack & Massignani, Alessandro (1998). The Naval War in the Mediterranean, 1940–1943. London: Chatham Publishing. ISBN 1-86176-057-4.
  • McMurtrie, Francis E., ed. (1937). Jane's Fighting Ships 1937. London: Sampson Low. OCLC 927896922.
  • O'Hara, Vincent P. (2009). Struggle for the Middle Sea: The Great Navies at War in the Mediterranean Theater, 1940–1945. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 978-1-59114-648-3.
  • Roberts, John (1980). "Italy". In Chesneau, Roger (ed.). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1922–1946. New York: Mayflower Books. pp. 280–317. ISBN 0-8317-0303-2.
  • Rohwer, Jürgen (2005). Chronology of the War at Sea 1939–1945: The Naval History of World War Two (Third Revised ed.). Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-59114-119-2.
  • Whitley, M. J. (1988). Destroyers of World War 2: An International Encyclopedia. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-85409-521-8.
[edit]

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