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{{Short description|Libyan psychologist and politician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2019}}
{{Infobox person
{{Infobox person
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| caption =
| caption =
| birth_name = <!-- only use if different from name -->
| birth_name = <!-- only use if different from name -->
| birth_date = {{birth year and age|1963}}{{citation needed|date=August 2019}}
| birth_date = {{birth year and age|1963}}<ref name="birthdate" />
| birth_place = [[Kingdom of Libya]]
| birth_place = [[Kingdom of Libya]]
| known_for = Documenting [[wartime sexual violence|rape as a weapon of war]] during the [[Libyan Civil War (2011)|2011 Libyan Civil War]]<ref name="Teleg_Gaddafi_rapes" /><ref name="CNN_LibCivWar_rape_details" /> and publicly speaking against [[Khalifa Haftar]] war.
| known_for = Documenting [[wartime sexual violence|rape as a weapon of war]] during the [[Libyan Civil War (2011)|2011 Libyan Civil War]]<ref name="Teleg_Gaddafi_rapes" /><ref name="CNN_LibCivWar_rape_details" /> and publicly speaking against [[Khalifa Haftar]] war.
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}}
}}


'''Seham Sergiwa'''<ref name="NBC_Sergiwa_detained" /> ({{lang-ar|سهام سرقيوة}} ''Sahām Sarqīwa'';<ref name="AJaz_detention" /> also Romanized ''Siham'', ''Sirqiwa'', ''Sergewa'',<ref name="CNN_LibCivWar_rape_details" /> ''Sirghua'';<ref name="LHerald_2014election" /> born 1963{{citation needed|date=August 2019}}) is a Libyan psychologist<ref name="Teleg_Gaddafi_rapes" /> elected to the [[2014 Libyan parliamentary election|Libyan parliament in 2014]].<ref name="LHerald_2014election" /> She was abducted by a [[Libyan National Army]] militia loyal to [[Khalifa Haftar]] on 17 July 2019.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/jul/31/abducted-libyan-mp-seham-sergiwa-torture-fears|title=Abducted Libyan MP's relatives in US sound alarm over torture fears|last=correspondent|first=Jason Burke Africa|date=31 July 2019|work=The Guardian|access-date=2019-08-03|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> The [[United Nations Support Mission in Libya]] expressed its deep concern and stated that "silencing the voices of women in decision-making positions [would] not be tolerated."<ref name="UNSMIL_Sergiwa" /> {{As of|2019|10|17}}, Sergiwa's location was unknown and the "authorities in eastern Libya" had not published the results of any investigation.<ref name="UNSMIL_Sergiwa_20191017" />
'''Seham Sergiwa'''<ref name="NBC_Sergiwa_detained" /> ({{lang-ar|سهام سرقيوة}} ''Sahām Sarqīwa'';<ref name="AJaz_detention" /> also Romanized ''Siham'', ''Sirqiwa'', ''Sergewa'',<ref name="CNN_LibCivWar_rape_details" /> ''Sirghua'';<ref name="LHerald_2014election" /> born 1963<ref name="birthdate" />) is a Libyan psychologist<ref name="Teleg_Gaddafi_rapes" /> elected to the [[2014 Libyan parliamentary election|Libyan parliament in 2014]].<ref name="LHerald_2014election" /> She was abducted by a [[Libyan National Army]] militia loyal to [[Khalifa Haftar]] on 17 July 2019.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/jul/31/abducted-libyan-mp-seham-sergiwa-torture-fears|title=Abducted Libyan MP's relatives in US sound alarm over torture fears|last=Burke|first=Jason |date=31 July 2019|work=The Guardian|access-date=2019-08-03|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> The [[United Nations Support Mission in Libya]] expressed its deep concern and stated that "silencing the voices of women in decision-making positions [would] not be tolerated."<ref name="UNSMIL_Sergiwa" /> {{As of|2019|10|17}}, Sergiwa's location was unknown and the "authorities in eastern Libya" had not published the results of any investigation.<ref name="UNSMIL_Sergiwa_20191017" />


==Research career==
==Research career==


Sergiwa is a psychologist<ref name="Teleg_Gaddafi_rapes" /> who received her doctorate in clinical psychology<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/jul/31/abducted-libyan-mp-seham-sergiwa-torture-fears</ref> in 1998 at [[King's College London]] for a thesis titled, ''"The effect of situation on children's response to assessment of hyperactivity."''<ref name= "The British Library Board" /> She lived in London until the late 2000s, working as a psychologist with patients and in research at [[Guy's Hospital]].
Sergiwa is a psychologist<ref name="Teleg_Gaddafi_rapes" /> who received her doctorate in clinical psychology<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/jul/31/abducted-libyan-mp-seham-sergiwa-torture-fears|title = Abducted Libyan MP's relatives in US sound alarm over torture fears| website=[[TheGuardian.com]] |date = 31 July 2019}}</ref> in 1998 at [[King's College London]], [[University of London]] for a thesis titled, ''"The effect of situation on children's response to assessment of hyperactivity."''<ref name= "The British Library Board" /> She lived in London until the late 2000s, working as a psychologist with patients and in research at [[Guy's Hospital]].{{cn|date=December 2023}}

Sergiwa returned to Libya a few years before the [[Arab Spring]], and was one of the first protesters on the streets protesting against Gaddafi's government.{{citation needed|date=July 2019}}


In 2011, Sergiwa investigated the use of [[wartime sexual violence|rape as a weapon of war]] during the [[Libyan Civil War (2011)|2011 Libyan Civil War]]. She documented 300 rapes during the war and estimates that in total, 6000 women were raped. She stated that five of [[Muammar Gaddafi]]'s personal women bodyguards were raped and sexually abused by Gaddafi, and "then passed onto senior officials as sexual playthings". She found that pro-government soldiers were given [[viagra]] and [[condom]]s in order to encourage them to carry out rapes.<ref name="Teleg_Gaddafi_rapes" /> Sergiwa's investigative methods included travelling to refugee camps on the borders with Tunisia and Egypt; distributing questionnaires to the refugees and receiving 50,000 responses.<ref name="CNN_LibCivWar_rape_details" /> All the rape claims were attributed to government soldiers. Reports on [[gang rape]]s included being held for several days and being raped by up to 15 men. Sergiwa's documentation was provided to the [[International Criminal Court investigation in Libya]].<ref name="CNN_LibCivWar_rape_details" />
In 2011, Sergiwa investigated the use of [[wartime sexual violence|rape as a weapon of war]] during the [[Libyan Civil War (2011)|2011 Libyan Civil War]]. She documented 300 rapes during the war and estimates that in total, 6000 women were raped. She stated that five of [[Muammar Gaddafi]]'s personal women bodyguards were raped and sexually abused by Gaddafi, and "then passed onto senior officials as sexual playthings". She found that pro-government soldiers were given [[viagra]] and [[condom]]s in order to encourage them to carry out rapes.<ref name="Teleg_Gaddafi_rapes" /> Sergiwa's investigative methods included travelling to refugee camps on the borders with Tunisia and Egypt; distributing questionnaires to the refugees and receiving 50,000 responses.<ref name="CNN_LibCivWar_rape_details" /> All the rape claims were attributed to government soldiers. Reports on [[gang rape]]s included being held for several days and being raped by up to 15 men. Sergiwa's documentation was provided to the [[International Criminal Court investigation in Libya]].<ref name="CNN_LibCivWar_rape_details" />
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==Disappearance==
==Disappearance==


Sergiwa's home was invaded at about 01:30am{{citation needed|date=July 2019}} on 17 July 2019 by 25–30 masked, uniformed members of the [[Libyan National Army#106th Brigade|106th Brigade of the Libyan National Army]], a unit also known as ''Awlia Aldem'' ({{lang-ar|أوليء الدم}}),<ref name="CNN_Sergewa_abducted" /><ref name="Indep_106th_Brigade_Sergiwa" /> headed by [[Khalifa Haftar]]'s son [[Khaled]].<ref name="SANA_WhoWhom_Tripoli" /> Electricity was cut to the region, and army vehicles flooded the region to prevent any family member's escape or Benghazi police arrival. Sergiwa's husband was shot in the legs and one of her sons, a fourteen-year-old boy, was beaten by the 106th Brigade forces. Both were hospitalized and prevented from being visited by family members. A guard was placed to keep them in the hospital.<ref>CNN_Sergewa_abducted</ref> The security forces graffitied "Don't cross the line of the armies" on the house walls, issuing a warning to all those who want to speak out against Haftar.<ref name="CNN_Sergewa_abducted" />
Sergiwa's home was invaded at about 01:30am{{citation needed|date=July 2019}} on 17 July 2019 by 25–30 masked, uniformed members of the [[106th Brigade (Libya)|106th Brigade of the Libyan National Army]], a unit also known as ''Awlia Aldem'' ({{lang-ar|أوليء الدم}}),<ref name="CNN_Sergewa_abducted" /><ref name="Indep_106th_Brigade_Sergiwa" /> headed by [[Khalifa Haftar]]'s son Khaled.<ref name="SANA_WhoWhom_Tripoli" /> Electricity was cut to the region, and army vehicles flooded the region to prevent any family member's escape or Benghazi police arrival. Sergiwa's husband was shot in the legs and one of her sons, a fourteen-year-old boy, was beaten by the 106th Brigade forces. Both were hospitalized and prevented from being visited by family members. A guard was placed to keep them in the hospital.<ref name="CNN_Sergewa_abducted" /> The security forces graffitied "Don't cross the line of the armies" on the house walls, issuing a warning to all those who want to speak out against Haftar.<ref name="CNN_Sergewa_abducted" />


On 3 August, [[Noman Benotman]], a former fighter of the [[Libyan Islamic Fighting Group]] living in the United Kingdom, claimed that Sergiwa had been killed on the first day of her abduction by the Awliaa al-Dam brigade loyal to the LNA.<ref name="LExpress_death_claim" />
On 3 August, [[Noman Benotman]], a former fighter of the [[Libyan Islamic Fighting Group]] living in the United Kingdom, claimed that Sergiwa had been killed on the first day of her abduction by the Awliaa al-Dam brigade loyal to the LNA.<ref name="LExpress_death_claim" />
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The [[House of Representatives (Libya)|Libyan House of Representatives]] issued a statement holding Haftar "legally and morally" responsible for the detention and "for jeopardizing her life".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/american-family-kidnapped-libyan-politician-pleads-her-return-n1032341|title=American family of kidnapped Libyan politician pleads for her return|website=NBC News}}</ref> The [[United Nations Support Mission in Libya]] (UNSMIL) stated on 18 July that "Enforced disappearance, unlawful arrest and abduction based on political views or affiliations constitute a serious blow to the rule of law and blatant violations of international humanitarian and human rights law" in response to the detention and disappearance and that "Silencing the voices of women in decision-making position will not be tolerated."<ref>{{cite web|url=https://unsmil.unmissions.org/unsmil-deplores-enforced-disappearance-elected-hor-member-ms-sergewa-calling-her-immediate-release|title=UNSMIL deplores enforced disappearance of elected HoR Member Ms. Sergewa, calling for her immediate release|date=18 July 2019|website=UNSMIL}}</ref>
The [[House of Representatives (Libya)|Libyan House of Representatives]] issued a statement holding Haftar "legally and morally" responsible for the detention and "for jeopardizing her life".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/american-family-kidnapped-libyan-politician-pleads-her-return-n1032341|title=American family of kidnapped Libyan politician pleads for her return|website=NBC News}}</ref> The [[United Nations Support Mission in Libya]] (UNSMIL) stated on 18 July that "Enforced disappearance, unlawful arrest and abduction based on political views or affiliations constitute a serious blow to the rule of law and blatant violations of international humanitarian and human rights law" in response to the detention and disappearance and that "Silencing the voices of women in decision-making position will not be tolerated."<ref>{{cite web|url=https://unsmil.unmissions.org/unsmil-deplores-enforced-disappearance-elected-hor-member-ms-sergewa-calling-her-immediate-release|title=UNSMIL deplores enforced disappearance of elected HoR Member Ms. Sergewa, calling for her immediate release|date=18 July 2019|website=UNSMIL}}</ref>


Media around the world reported Sergiwa's detention and disappearance, including [[NBC]],<ref name="NBC_Sergiwa_detained" /> CNN,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.cnn.com/2019/07/20/africa/libya-sergewa-intl/index.html|title=She's one of the most prominent female politicians in her country. A few days ago she was abducted from her house|author=Tim Lister and Nada Bashir|website=CNN}}</ref> [[Thomson Reuters]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://af.reuters.com/article/worldNews/idUSKCN1UD2ZZ|title=U.N. demands release of abducted lawmaker and Haftar critic in...|date=18 July 2019|via=af.reuters.com}}</ref> [[Associated Press]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://apnews.com/259d32f15bb94cd4ad349938d2df5476|title=Libya's largest oil field shut down over pipeline closure|first=Noha|last=Elhennawy|date=21 July 2019|website=AP NEWS}}</ref> [[The Washington Post]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/africa/libyas-un-backed-government-says-female-lawmaker-abducted/2019/07/18/e6fea2ce-a94b-11e9-8733-48c87235f396_story.html |title=Libya's UN-backed government says female lawmaker abducted |work=The Washington Post|accessdate=23 July 2019}}</ref> [[The New York Times]],<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/aponline/2019/07/18/world/middleeast/ap-ml-libya.html|title=Libya's UN-Backed Government Says Female Lawmaker Abducted|first=The Associated|last=Press|date=18 July 2019|via=NYTimes.com}}</ref> [[Al Jazeera]],<ref name="AJaz_detention" /> [[BBC Arabic]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l5zGLvs9ZwQ|title=اختطاف النائبة في البرلمان الليبي سهام سرقيوه من منزلها|date=19 July 2019|via=YouTube}}</ref> [[Libya Al Ahrar TV]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://libyaalahrar.tv/2019/07/17/%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%b7%d8%a7%d9%81-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%a6%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%b3%d9%87%d8%a7%d9%85-%d8%b3%d8%b1%d9%82%d9%8a%d9%88%d8%a9-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%aa%d9%87%d8%a7-%d8%a8%d8%a8/|title=اختطاف النائبة سهام سرقيوة من بيتها ببنغازي|date=17 July 2019|website=ليبيا الأحرار}}</ref> and [[Media of Libya|Libya Akhbar]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.libyaakhbar.com/libya-news/986560.html|title=مجهولون يختطفون النائب سهام سرقيوة بعد اقتحام منزلها - اخبار ليبيا الان|date=18 July 2019}}</ref>
Media around the world reported Sergiwa's detention and disappearance, including [[NBC]],<ref name="NBC_Sergiwa_detained" /> CNN,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.cnn.com/2019/07/20/africa/libya-sergewa-intl/index.html|title=She's one of the most prominent female politicians in her country. A few days ago she was abducted from her house|author=Tim Lister and Nada Bashir|website=CNN}}</ref> [[Thomson Reuters]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://af.reuters.com/article/worldNews/idUSKCN1UD2ZZ|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190723160013/https://af.reuters.com/article/worldNews/idUSKCN1UD2ZZ|url-status=dead|archive-date=23 July 2019|title=U.N. demands release of abducted lawmaker and Haftar critic in...|date=18 July 2019|via=af.reuters.com}}</ref> [[Associated Press]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://apnews.com/259d32f15bb94cd4ad349938d2df5476|title=Libya's largest oil field shut down over pipeline closure|first=Noha|last=Elhennawy|date=21 July 2019|website=AP NEWS}}</ref> [[The Washington Post]],<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/africa/libyas-un-backed-government-says-female-lawmaker-abducted/2019/07/18/e6fea2ce-a94b-11e9-8733-48c87235f396_story.html |title=Libya's UN-backed government says female lawmaker abducted |newspaper=The Washington Post|access-date=23 July 2019}}</ref> [[The New York Times]],<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/aponline/2019/07/18/world/middleeast/ap-ml-libya.html|title=Libya's UN-Backed Government Says Female Lawmaker Abducted|agency=Associated Press|date=18 July 2019|via=NYTimes.com}}</ref> [[Al Jazeera Media Network|Al Jazeera]],<ref name="AJaz_detention" /> [[BBC Arabic]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l5zGLvs9ZwQ|title=اختطاف النائبة في البرلمان الليبي سهام سرقيوه من منزلها|date=19 July 2019|via=YouTube}}</ref> [[Libya Al Ahrar TV]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://libyaalahrar.tv/2019/07/17/%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%b7%d8%a7%d9%81-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%a6%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%b3%d9%87%d8%a7%d9%85-%d8%b3%d8%b1%d9%82%d9%8a%d9%88%d8%a9-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%aa%d9%87%d8%a7-%d8%a8%d8%a8/|title=اختطاف النائبة سهام سرقيوة من بيتها ببنغازي|date=17 July 2019|website=ليبيا الأحرار}}</ref> and [[Media of Libya|Libya Akhbar]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.libyaakhbar.com/libya-news/986560.html|title=مجهولون يختطفون النائب سهام سرقيوة بعد اقتحام منزلها - اخبار ليبيا الان|date=18 July 2019}}</ref>


On 7 August, UNSMIL stated that it was "highly concerned about the safety and security of Ms. Sergewa and stresses that the relevant authorities are responsible for the safety and security of the people under their territorial control including in this case of prolonged enforced disappearance." UNSMIL stated that "silencing the voices of women in decision-making positions [would] not be tolerated and [reiterated] its strong commitment to support the crucial role Libyan women play in peacemaking and peacebuilding and their full participation and involvement in the country's political life and decision-making".<ref name="UNSMIL_Sergiwa" /> On 4 September, [[Ghassan Salamé]], head of UNSMIL, again called for "the authorities in the east" to investigate Sergiwa's disappearance and to publish the results. He stated that many international governments had given "continued and loud support ... demanding Ms. Sergewa's swift return."<ref name="UNSMIL_Salame_190904" /> On 17 October 2019, UNSMIL again called on the Haftar-controlled authorities to locate Sergiwa or her body and to hold those responsible for the kidnapping legally accountable.<ref name="UNSMIL_Sergiwa_20191017" />
On 7 August, UNSMIL stated that it was "highly concerned about the safety and security of Ms. Sergewa and stresses that the relevant authorities are responsible for the safety and security of the people under their territorial control including in this case of prolonged enforced disappearance." UNSMIL stated that "silencing the voices of women in decision-making positions [would] not be tolerated and [reiterated] its strong commitment to support the crucial role Libyan women play in peacemaking and peacebuilding and their full participation and involvement in the country's political life and decision-making".<ref name="UNSMIL_Sergiwa" /> On 4 September, [[Ghassan Salamé]], head of UNSMIL, again called for "the authorities in the east" to investigate Sergiwa's disappearance and to publish the results. He stated that many international governments had given "continued and loud support ... demanding Ms. Sergewa's swift return."<ref name="UNSMIL_Salame_190904" /> On 17 October 2019, UNSMIL again called on the Haftar-controlled authorities to locate Sergiwa or her body and to hold those responsible for the kidnapping legally accountable.<ref name="UNSMIL_Sergiwa_20191017" />
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{{reflist|refs=
{{reflist|refs=


<ref name="Teleg_Gaddafi_rapes">{{cite news | last1= Squires | first1= Nick | title= Gaddafi and his sons 'raped female bodyguards' | date= 29 August 2011 |newspaper= [[The Daily Telegraph]] | url= http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/libya/8729685/Gaddafi-and-his-sons-raped-female-bodyguards.html |accessdate= 22 July 2019 |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20170321082036/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/libya/8729685/Gaddafi-and-his-sons-raped-female-bodyguards.html |archivedate= 21 March 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="Teleg_Gaddafi_rapes">{{cite news | last1= Squires | first1= Nick | title= Gaddafi and his sons 'raped female bodyguards' | date= 29 August 2011 |newspaper= [[The Daily Telegraph]] | url= http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/libya/8729685/Gaddafi-and-his-sons-raped-female-bodyguards.html |access-date= 22 July 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170321082036/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/libya/8729685/Gaddafi-and-his-sons-raped-female-bodyguards.html |archive-date= 21 March 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="LHerald_2014election">{{cite web | last1 = Paton | first1 = Callum | last2= Seraj | first2= Essul | title = ELECTIONS 2014: Final results for House of Representative elections announced | work = [[Libya Herald]] | date = 22 July 2014 | url = https://www.libyaherald.com/2014/07/21/elections-2014-final-results-for-house-of-representative-elections-announced/ | url-access = subscription | accessdate = 9 May 2019 |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20140723135608/https://www.libyaherald.com/2014/07/21/elections-2014-final-results-for-house-of-representative-elections-announced/ |archivedate= 23 July 2014 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="LHerald_2014election">{{cite web | last1 = Paton | first1 = Callum | last2= Seraj | first2= Essul | title = ELECTIONS 2014: Final results for House of Representative elections announced | work = [[Libya Herald]] | date = 22 July 2014 | url = https://www.libyaherald.com/2014/07/21/elections-2014-final-results-for-house-of-representative-elections-announced/ | url-access = subscription | access-date = 9 May 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140723135608/https://www.libyaherald.com/2014/07/21/elections-2014-final-results-for-house-of-representative-elections-announced/ |archive-date= 23 July 2014 |url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="CNN_Sergewa_abducted">{{cite news | last1= Lister | first1= Tim | last2= Bashir | first2= Nada | title= She's one of the most prominent female politicians in her country. A few days ago she was abducted from her house | date= 20 July 2019 |newspaper= [[CNN]] | url= https://edition.cnn.com/2019/07/20/africa/libya-sergewa-intl/index.html |accessdate= 22 July 2019 |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20190722165132/https://edition.cnn.com/2019/07/20/africa/libya-sergewa-intl/index.html |archivedate= 22 July 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="CNN_Sergewa_abducted">{{cite news | last1= Lister | first1= Tim | last2= Bashir | first2= Nada | title= She's one of the most prominent female politicians in her country. A few days ago she was abducted from her house | date= 20 July 2019 |newspaper= [[CNN]] | url= https://edition.cnn.com/2019/07/20/africa/libya-sergewa-intl/index.html |access-date= 22 July 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190722165132/https://edition.cnn.com/2019/07/20/africa/libya-sergewa-intl/index.html |archive-date= 22 July 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="CNN_LibCivWar_rape_details">{{cite news | last1= Sidner | first1= Sara | last2= Ahmed | first2= Amir | title= Psychologist: Proof of hundreds of rape cases during Libya's war | date= 23 May 2011 |newspaper= [[CNN]] | url= http://edition.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/africa/05/23/libya.rape.survey.psychologist/ |accessdate= 22 July 2019 |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20170812100748/http://edition.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/africa/05/23/libya.rape.survey.psychologist/ |archivedate= 12 August 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="CNN_LibCivWar_rape_details">{{cite news | last1= Sidner | first1= Sara | last2= Ahmed | first2= Amir | title= Psychologist: Proof of hundreds of rape cases during Libya's war | date= 23 May 2011 |newspaper= [[CNN]] | url= http://edition.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/africa/05/23/libya.rape.survey.psychologist/ |access-date= 22 July 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170812100748/http://edition.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/africa/05/23/libya.rape.survey.psychologist/ |archive-date= 12 August 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="NBC_Sergiwa_detained">{{cite news | last1= Givetash | first1=Linda | title= American family of kidnapped Libyan politician pleads for her return | date= 22 July 2019 |newspaper= [[NBC]] | url= https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/american-family-kidnapped-libyan-politician-pleads-her-return-n1032341 |accessdate=23 July 2019 |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20190723203434/https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/american-family-kidnapped-libyan-politician-pleads-her-return-n1032341 |archivedate= 23 July 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="NBC_Sergiwa_detained">{{cite news | last1= Givetash | first1=Linda | title= American family of kidnapped Libyan politician pleads for her return | date= 22 July 2019 |newspaper= [[NBC]] | url= https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/american-family-kidnapped-libyan-politician-pleads-her-return-n1032341 |access-date=23 July 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190723203434/https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/american-family-kidnapped-libyan-politician-pleads-her-return-n1032341 |archive-date= 23 July 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="AJaz_detention">{{cite news | title= قانون الغاب في بنغازي.. مليشيات تختطف نائبة وتصفي معتقلين | date= 18 July 2019 |newspaper= [[Al Jazeera]] | url= https://www.aljazeera.net/news/politics/2019/7/18/%D8%AD%D9%81%D8%AA%D8%B1-%D8%B7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%B3-%D8%AE%D8%B7%D9%81-%D8%B3%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%87 |accessdate=23 July 2019 |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20190723204719/https://www.aljazeera.net/news/politics/2019/7/18/%D8%AD%D9%81%D8%AA%D8%B1-%D8%B7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%B3-%D8%AE%D8%B7%D9%81-%D8%B3%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%87 |archivedate= 23 July 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="AJaz_detention">{{cite news | title= قانون الغاب في بنغازي.. مليشيات تختطف نائبة وتصفي معتقلين | date= 18 July 2019 |newspaper= [[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] | url= https://www.aljazeera.net/news/politics/2019/7/18/%D8%AD%D9%81%D8%AA%D8%B1-%D8%B7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%B3-%D8%AE%D8%B7%D9%81-%D8%B3%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%87 |access-date=23 July 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190723204719/https://www.aljazeera.net/news/politics/2019/7/18/%D8%AD%D9%81%D8%AA%D8%B1-%D8%B7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%B3-%D8%AE%D8%B7%D9%81-%D8%B3%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%87 |archive-date= 23 July 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="LExpress_death_claim">{{cite news | title= Head of Quilliam Foundation: Libyan MP Sirgiwa has been killed | date= 3 August 2019 |newspaper= [[Libyan Express]] | url= https://www.libyanexpress.com/head-of-quilliam-foundation-libyan-mp-sirgiwa-has-been-killed/ |accessdate= 9 August 2019 |archiveurl= http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.libyanexpress.com%2Fhead-of-quilliam-foundation-libyan-mp-sirgiwa-has-been-killed%2F |archivedate= 9 August 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="LExpress_death_claim">{{cite news | title= Head of Quilliam Foundation: Libyan MP Sirgiwa has been killed | date= 3 August 2019 |newspaper= [[Libyan Express]] | url= https://www.libyanexpress.com/head-of-quilliam-foundation-libyan-mp-sirgiwa-has-been-killed/ |access-date= 9 August 2019 |archive-url= http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20210318020814/http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=https://www.libyanexpress.com/head-of-quilliam-foundation-libyan-mp-sirgiwa-has-been-killed/ |archive-date= 18 March 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="UNSMIL_Sergiwa">{{cite web | title =UNSMIL Statement on the Continued Enforced Disappearance of House of Representative Member Siham Sergawa | website= [[United Nations Support Mission in Libya|UNSMIL]] |date =7 August 2019 | url = https://unsmil.unmissions.org/unsmil-statement-continued-enforced-disappearance-house-representative-member-siham-sergawa | accessdate = 9 August 2019 |archiveurl= http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=https%3A%2F%2Funsmil.unmissions.org%2Funsmil-statement-continued-enforced-disappearance-house-representative-member-siham-sergawa |archivedate= 9 August 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="UNSMIL_Sergiwa">{{cite web | title =UNSMIL Statement on the Continued Enforced Disappearance of House of Representative Member Siham Sergawa | website= [[United Nations Support Mission in Libya|UNSMIL]] |date =7 August 2019 | url = https://unsmil.unmissions.org/unsmil-statement-continued-enforced-disappearance-house-representative-member-siham-sergawa | access-date = 9 August 2019 |archive-url= http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20210414235753/http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=https://unsmil.unmissions.org/unsmil-statement-continued-enforced-disappearance-house-representative-member-siham-sergawa |archive-date= 14 April 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="The British Library Board">{{cite news | last1= Sergewa | first1= Seham Salem |author1link=Seham Sergiwa | title= The effect of situation on children's response to assessment of hyperactivity | website= [[King's College London]] | url =https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.298203 |archiveurl=http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=https%3A%2F%2Fethos.bl.uk%2FOrderDetails.do%3Fuin%3Duk.bl.ethos.298203 |archivedate=9 September 2019 | url-access=subscription | url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="The British Library Board">{{cite news | last1= Sergewa | first1= Seham Salem |author1-link=Seham Sergiwa | title= The effect of situation on children's response to assessment of hyperactivity | website= [[King's College London]] | url =https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.298203 |archive-url=http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20190909221717/http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.298203 |archive-date=9 September 2019 | url-access=subscription | url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="UNSMIL_Salame_190904">{{cite web | title = Remarks of SRSG Ghassan Salamé to the United Nations Security Council on the situation in Libya - 4 September 2019 | trans-title= | website= [[United Nations Support Mission in Libya|UNSMIL]] |date = 4 September 2019 | url = https://unsmil.unmissions.org/remarks-srsg-ghassan-salam%C3%A9-united-nations-security-council-situation-libya-4-september-2019 | accessdate = 9 September 2019 |archiveurl= http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=https%3A%2F%2Funsmil.unmissions.org%2Fremarks-srsg-ghassan-salam%C3%A9-united-nations-security-council-situation-libya-4-september-2019 |archivedate= 9 September 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="UNSMIL_Salame_190904">{{cite web | title = Remarks of SRSG Ghassan Salamé to the United Nations Security Council on the situation in Libya - 4 September 2019 | website= [[United Nations Support Mission in Libya|UNSMIL]] |date = 4 September 2019 | url = https://unsmil.unmissions.org/remarks-srsg-ghassan-salam%C3%A9-united-nations-security-council-situation-libya-4-september-2019 | access-date = 9 September 2019 |archive-url= http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20201223123407/http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=https://unsmil.unmissions.org/remarks-srsg-ghassan-salam%C3%A9-united-nations-security-council-situation-libya-4-september-2019 |archive-date= 23 December 2020 |url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="UNSMIL_Sergiwa_20191017">{{cite web | title= Three months after the kidnapping of MP Sergewa, UNSMIL calls for her immediate releases and all victims of enforced disappearance in Libya |trans-title = <!-- trans-title is the English translation --> | website= [[United Nations Support Mission in Libya|UNSMIL]] |date =17 October 2019 | url = https://unsmil.unmissions.org/three-months-after-kidnapping-mp-sergewa-unsmil-calls-her-immediate-releases-and-all-victims | accessdate = 8 November 2019 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191108224933/https://unsmil.unmissions.org/three-months-after-kidnapping-mp-sergewa-unsmil-calls-her-immediate-releases-and-all-victims |archivedate= 8 November 2019 |url-status=live <!-- live|dead|unfit|usurped -->}}</ref>
<ref name="UNSMIL_Sergiwa_20191017">{{cite web | title= Three months after the kidnapping of MP Sergewa, UNSMIL calls for her immediate releases and all victims of enforced disappearance in Libya |trans-title = <!-- trans-title is the English translation --> | website= [[United Nations Support Mission in Libya|UNSMIL]] |date =17 October 2019 | url = https://unsmil.unmissions.org/three-months-after-kidnapping-mp-sergewa-unsmil-calls-her-immediate-releases-and-all-victims | access-date = 8 November 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191108224933/https://unsmil.unmissions.org/three-months-after-kidnapping-mp-sergewa-unsmil-calls-her-immediate-releases-and-all-victims |archive-date= 8 November 2019 |url-status=live <!-- live|dead|unfit|usurped -->}}</ref>


<ref name="Indep_106th_Brigade_Sergiwa">{{cite news | last1= Sengupta | first1= Kim | title= Libyan MP and rights campaigner dragged away by masked gunmen after criticising warlord: 'Don't cross the line of the army' |trans-title = <!-- trans-title is the English translation --> | date= 29 July 2019 |newspaper= [[The Independent]] | url= https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/libya-mp-seham-sergiwa-masked-gunmen-warlord-army-criticism-a9025891.html |accessdate=14 November 2019|archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20191114212306/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/libya-mp-seham-sergiwa-masked-gunmen-warlord-army-criticism-a9025891.html |archivedate= 14 November 2019 |url-status=live <!-- live|dead|unfit|usurped -->}}</ref>
<ref name="Indep_106th_Brigade_Sergiwa">{{cite news | last1= Sengupta | first1= Kim | title= Libyan MP and rights campaigner dragged away by masked gunmen after criticising warlord: 'Don't cross the line of the army' |trans-title = <!-- trans-title is the English translation --> | date= 29 July 2019 |newspaper= [[The Independent]] | url= https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/libya-mp-seham-sergiwa-masked-gunmen-warlord-army-criticism-a9025891.html |access-date=14 November 2019|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20191114212306/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/libya-mp-seham-sergiwa-masked-gunmen-warlord-army-criticism-a9025891.html |archive-date= 14 November 2019 |url-status=live <!-- live|dead|unfit|usurped -->}}</ref>


<ref name="SANA_WhoWhom_Tripoli">{{cite web | last1 =Lacher | first1 =Wolfram | author1link = Wolfram Lacher | title= Who is fighting whom in Tripoli? How the 2019 civil war is transforming Libya's military landscape | website = Security Assessment in North Africa Briefing Paper |trans-title = <!-- trans-title is the English translation --> | year = 2019 | url = http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/fileadmin/docs/T-Briefing-Papers/SAS-SANA-BP-Tripoli-2019.pdf | accessdate = 11 November 2019 |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20191110232900/http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/fileadmin/docs/T-Briefing-Papers/SAS-SANA-BP-Tripoli-2019.pdf |archivedate= 10 November 2019 |url-status=live <!-- live|dead|unfit|usurped -->}}</ref>
<ref name="SANA_WhoWhom_Tripoli">{{cite web | last1 =Lacher | first1 =Wolfram | author1-link = Wolfram Lacher | title= Who is fighting whom in Tripoli? How the 2019 civil war is transforming Libya's military landscape | website = Security Assessment in North Africa Briefing Paper |trans-title = <!-- trans-title is the English translation --> | year = 2019 | url = http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/fileadmin/docs/T-Briefing-Papers/SAS-SANA-BP-Tripoli-2019.pdf | access-date = 11 November 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20191110232900/http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/fileadmin/docs/T-Briefing-Papers/SAS-SANA-BP-Tripoli-2019.pdf |archive-date= 10 November 2019 |url-status=dead}}</ref>


<ref name="birthdate">{{cite web | title= من قتل سهام سرقيوة؟ |trans-title = Who killed Seham Sergiwa? | website= assabeel.net |date =18 July 2020 | url = https://assabeel.net/article/2020/7/18/من-قتل-سهام-سرقيوة؟ | accessdate = 1 December 2020 |archiveurl= |archivedate= |url-status=live <!-- live|dead|unfit|usurped -->}}</ref>
<ref name="birthdate">{{cite web | title= من قتل سهام سرقيوة؟ |trans-title = Who killed Seham Sergiwa? | website= assabeel.net |date =18 July 2020 | url = https://assabeel.net/article/2020/7/18/من-قتل-سهام-سرقيوة؟ | access-date = 1 December 2020 }}</ref>
}}
}}


{{authority control}}
{{authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Sergewa, Seham}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Sergiwa, Seham}}
[[Category:1963 births]]
[[Category:1963 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Women's rights in Libya]]
[[Category:Women's rights in Libya]]
[[Category:Women human rights defenders]]
[[Category:Women human rights activists]]
[[Category:21st-century Libyan women writers]]
[[Category:21st-century Libyan women writers]]
[[Category:21st-century Libyan writers]]
[[Category:Libyan women in politics]]
[[Category:Libyan women in politics]]
[[Category:Members of the House of Representatives (Libya)]]
[[Category:Missing people]]
[[Category:Missing people]]
[[Category:Violence against women in Libya]]
[[Category:21st-century Libyan politicians]]
[[Category:21st-century psychologists]]

Latest revision as of 05:10, 29 January 2024

Seham Sergiwa[1]
سهام سرقيوة[2]
Born1963 (age 60–61)[3]
Kingdom of Libya
Disappeared17 July 2019
Benghazi, Libya
StatusMissing for 5 years, 1 month and 28 days[4]
OccupationPsychologist[5]
Known forDocumenting rape as a weapon of war during the 2011 Libyan Civil War[5][6] and publicly speaking against Khalifa Haftar war.
Member of the Libya Parliament
for Benghazi
Incumbent
Assumed office
2014[7]
Majority5,883[7]

Seham Sergiwa[1] (Arabic: سهام سرقيوة Sahām Sarqīwa;[2] also Romanized Siham, Sirqiwa, Sergewa,[6] Sirghua;[7] born 1963[3]) is a Libyan psychologist[5] elected to the Libyan parliament in 2014.[7] She was abducted by a Libyan National Army militia loyal to Khalifa Haftar on 17 July 2019.[8] The United Nations Support Mission in Libya expressed its deep concern and stated that "silencing the voices of women in decision-making positions [would] not be tolerated."[9] As of 17 October 2019, Sergiwa's location was unknown and the "authorities in eastern Libya" had not published the results of any investigation.[10]

Research career

[edit]

Sergiwa is a psychologist[5] who received her doctorate in clinical psychology[11] in 1998 at King's College London, University of London for a thesis titled, "The effect of situation on children's response to assessment of hyperactivity."[12] She lived in London until the late 2000s, working as a psychologist with patients and in research at Guy's Hospital.[citation needed]

In 2011, Sergiwa investigated the use of rape as a weapon of war during the 2011 Libyan Civil War. She documented 300 rapes during the war and estimates that in total, 6000 women were raped. She stated that five of Muammar Gaddafi's personal women bodyguards were raped and sexually abused by Gaddafi, and "then passed onto senior officials as sexual playthings". She found that pro-government soldiers were given viagra and condoms in order to encourage them to carry out rapes.[5] Sergiwa's investigative methods included travelling to refugee camps on the borders with Tunisia and Egypt; distributing questionnaires to the refugees and receiving 50,000 responses.[6] All the rape claims were attributed to government soldiers. Reports on gang rapes included being held for several days and being raped by up to 15 men. Sergiwa's documentation was provided to the International Criminal Court investigation in Libya.[6]

Member of parliament

[edit]

Sergiwa was elected with 5,883 votes, third out of the women candidates for Benghazi, with more votes than the most popular man, in the 2014 Libyan parliamentary election.[7] This was described[who?] as a revolutionary step for Libya, as few women held power in Libya during the preceding decades. As of July 2019, she was considered to be one of the most prominent Libyan politicians fighting for democracy and equal rights.[4]

Disappearance

[edit]

Sergiwa's home was invaded at about 01:30am[citation needed] on 17 July 2019 by 25–30 masked, uniformed members of the 106th Brigade of the Libyan National Army, a unit also known as Awlia Aldem (Arabic: أوليء الدم),[4][13] headed by Khalifa Haftar's son Khaled.[14] Electricity was cut to the region, and army vehicles flooded the region to prevent any family member's escape or Benghazi police arrival. Sergiwa's husband was shot in the legs and one of her sons, a fourteen-year-old boy, was beaten by the 106th Brigade forces. Both were hospitalized and prevented from being visited by family members. A guard was placed to keep them in the hospital.[4] The security forces graffitied "Don't cross the line of the armies" on the house walls, issuing a warning to all those who want to speak out against Haftar.[4]

On 3 August, Noman Benotman, a former fighter of the Libyan Islamic Fighting Group living in the United Kingdom, claimed that Sergiwa had been killed on the first day of her abduction by the Awliaa al-Dam brigade loyal to the LNA.[15]

Reactions

[edit]

The Libyan House of Representatives issued a statement holding Haftar "legally and morally" responsible for the detention and "for jeopardizing her life".[16] The United Nations Support Mission in Libya (UNSMIL) stated on 18 July that "Enforced disappearance, unlawful arrest and abduction based on political views or affiliations constitute a serious blow to the rule of law and blatant violations of international humanitarian and human rights law" in response to the detention and disappearance and that "Silencing the voices of women in decision-making position will not be tolerated."[17]

Media around the world reported Sergiwa's detention and disappearance, including NBC,[1] CNN,[18] Thomson Reuters,[19] Associated Press,[20] The Washington Post,[21] The New York Times,[22] Al Jazeera,[2] BBC Arabic,[23] Libya Al Ahrar TV,[24] and Libya Akhbar.[25]

On 7 August, UNSMIL stated that it was "highly concerned about the safety and security of Ms. Sergewa and stresses that the relevant authorities are responsible for the safety and security of the people under their territorial control including in this case of prolonged enforced disappearance." UNSMIL stated that "silencing the voices of women in decision-making positions [would] not be tolerated and [reiterated] its strong commitment to support the crucial role Libyan women play in peacemaking and peacebuilding and their full participation and involvement in the country's political life and decision-making".[9] On 4 September, Ghassan Salamé, head of UNSMIL, again called for "the authorities in the east" to investigate Sergiwa's disappearance and to publish the results. He stated that many international governments had given "continued and loud support ... demanding Ms. Sergewa's swift return."[26] On 17 October 2019, UNSMIL again called on the Haftar-controlled authorities to locate Sergiwa or her body and to hold those responsible for the kidnapping legally accountable.[10]

Points of view

[edit]

According to Madrid-based academic Barah Mikail, Sergiwa is "an independent person, which is why all sides of the Libyan conflict got angry with her at some point" and she is "against anything that stood in the way of building or consolidating the country's interests and the Libyan nation."[4] In an interview a few hours before she was detained, she criticised Haftar's 2019 attack on Tripoli and stated that "even the extremists, on either side, have the right to participate" in a unity government involving all sides in the conflict.[4]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c Givetash, Linda (22 July 2019). "American family of kidnapped Libyan politician pleads for her return". NBC. Archived from the original on 23 July 2019. Retrieved 23 July 2019.
  2. ^ a b c "قانون الغاب في بنغازي.. مليشيات تختطف نائبة وتصفي معتقلين". Al Jazeera. 18 July 2019. Archived from the original on 23 July 2019. Retrieved 23 July 2019.
  3. ^ a b "من قتل سهام سرقيوة؟" [Who killed Seham Sergiwa?]. assabeel.net. 18 July 2020. Retrieved 1 December 2020.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g Lister, Tim; Bashir, Nada (20 July 2019). "She's one of the most prominent female politicians in her country. A few days ago she was abducted from her house". CNN. Archived from the original on 22 July 2019. Retrieved 22 July 2019.
  5. ^ a b c d e Squires, Nick (29 August 2011). "Gaddafi and his sons 'raped female bodyguards'". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 21 March 2017. Retrieved 22 July 2019.
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  18. ^ Tim Lister and Nada Bashir. "She's one of the most prominent female politicians in her country. A few days ago she was abducted from her house". CNN.
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