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{{Short description|Persian philosopher, poet and mystic}}
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'''Mir Fendereski''' ([[Persian language|Persian]]: میرفِنِدِرِسکی)&lrm; (1562&ndash;1640) was a renowned Iranian philosopher, poet and mystic of the [[Safavid]] era. His full name is given as '''Sayyed Mir Abulqasim Astarabadi''' ([[Persian language|Persian]]: سید ابولقاسم استرآبادی), and he is famously known as Fendereski. He lived for a while in [[Isfahan]] at the same time as [[Mir Damad]] spent a great part of his life in India among [[yogis]] and [[Zoroastrians]], and learnt certain things from them. He was patronized by both the [[Safavid]] and [[Mughal Empire|Mogul]] courts.<ref name="Iranica">[http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/mir-fendereski-sayyed-amir-abul-qasem Encyclopedia Iranica, "Mir Fenderski" by Sajjad. H. Rizvi]</ref> The famous Persian philosopher [[Mulla Sadra]] also studied under him.<ref>Fazlur Rahman, ''The Philosophy of Mullā Ṣadrā (Ṣadr Al-Dīn Al-Shirāzī)'', SUNY Press, 1975</ref>
{{Infobox person
⚫
| name = Mir Fendereski
| image = Head Statue of Mir Fendereski- سردیس میرفندرسکی.jpg
| caption = Bust of Mir Fendereski in [[Isfahan province]]
| native_name = میرفِنْدِرِسْکی
| native_name_lang = fa
⚫
| birth_date = 1562
⚫
| death_date = 1640
| occupation = [[Philosopher]] & [[Poet]]
| known_for = Writing various works such as: <br />
Resâle Sanaie <br />

Resâleh dar kimiyâ <br />

Šahre ketabe mahârat <br />

Resāla al-ṣenāʿiya <br />
⚫
}}

⚫
'''Mir Fendereski''' ([[Persian language|Persian]]: میرفِنْدِرِسْکی)&lrm; (1562&ndash;1640) was a [[Persian people|Persian]]<ref>{{cite web|last1=Hossein|first1=Nasr, Seyyed|title=Findiriskī|date=24 April 2012 |url=http://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-2/findiriski-SIM_8550?s.num=75&s.f.s2_parent=s.f.book.encyclopaedia-of-islam-2&s.start=60&s.q=persian|publisher=Encyclopedia of Islam, second edition, Brill|access-date=11 February 2017|language=en}}</ref> philosopher, poet and mystic of the [[Safavid]] era. His full name is given as '''Mir Abulqasim Mirfendereski''' ([[Persian language|Persian]]: میرابوالقاسم میرفندرسکی). He lived for a while in [[Isfahan]] at the same time as [[Mir Damad]], spent a great part of his life in India among [[yogis]] and [[Zoroastrians]], and learnt from them. He was patronized by both the [[Safavid]] and [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] courts.<ref name="Iranica">[http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/mir-fendereski-sayyed-amir-abul-qasem Encyclopedia Iranica, "Mir Fenderski" by Sajjad. H. Rizvi]</ref> The famous Persian philosopher [[Mulla Sadra]] also studied under him.<ref>Fazlur Rahman, ''The Philosophy of Mullā Ṣadrā (Ṣadr Al-Dīn Al-Shirāzī)'', SUNY Press, 1975</ref>


== Life ==
== Life ==
Mir Fendereski remains a mysterious and enigmatic figure whom we know very little about.<ref name="Iranica"/> He was probably born around 1562-1563 and died at the age of eighty.<ref name="Iranica"/> He gained a reputation of an [[asceticism|ascetic]] at the court of [[Abbas the Great|Shah Abbas]] in Isfahan. He is said to have journeyed through India, where he became a vegetarian and refused to go on pilgrimage to Mecca, so he would not be forced to sacrifice sheep. <ref>{{Citation |title=Anthropology and Iranian cultures: Iranian anthropology 1900–25 |date=2006-08-21 |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203029879-7 |work=Politics of Culture in Iran |pages=35–52 |publisher=Routledge |doi=10.4324/9780203029879-7 |isbn=9780203029879 |access-date=2022-11-24}}</ref>


⚫
Mir Fendereski was trained in the works of [[Avicenna]] as he taught the Avicennian medical and philosophical compendiums of al-Qanun (The Canon) and Al-Shifa (The Cure) in [[Isfahan]].
''Mir Fendereski remains a mysterious and enigmatic figure about whom we know very little''.<ref name="Iranica"/> He was probably born around 1562-1563 and that he died age eighty.<ref name="Iranica"/>

⚫
Mir Fendereski was trained in the works of [[Avicenna]] as he thought the Avicennian medical and philosophical compendiums of al-Qanun (The Canon) and Al-Shifa (The Cure) in [[Isfahan]].


== Works ==
== Works ==
{{Expand section|date=June 2008}}
{{Expand section|date=June 2008}}


A number of works are attributed to him, although these have not been studied in detail. He made extensive commentary on the Persian translation of the [[Mahabharata]] (Razm-Nama in Persian) and the philosophical text of the Yoga Vaishtaha. "Resâle Sanaie", "Resâleh dar kimiyâ" and "Šahre ketabe mahârat", in Persian language, are some of his most famous works. Also, his criticism of the Persian translation of Yoga Vaishtaha indicates he was familiar with [[Sanskrit]].
A number of works are attributed to him, although these have not been studied in detail. In his extensive commentary on the Persian translation of the ''[[Mahabharata]]'' (''Razm-Nama'' in Persian) and [[Nizam al-Din Panipati]]'s rendition of the ''[[Yoga Vasistha]],'' he complains about the quality of the translation, which implies that he was familiar with [[Sanskrit]]. He was among a group of Persians at the [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] court to engage with Indian thought.


He was also a poet and composed a long philosophical ode (qaṣida ḥekmiya) in imitation of and response to the Persian Ismaʿili thinker [[Nasir Khusraw]]. His best-known work is titled ''al-Resāla al-ṣenāʿiya'', an examination of the arts and professions within an ideal society. The importance of this treatise is that it combines a number of genres and subject areas: political and ethical thought, mirrors-for-princes, metaphysics, and the critical subject of the classifications of the sciences.<ref name="Iranica"/>
Some of his most famous works are "Resâle Sanaie", "Resâleh dar kimiyâ" and "Šahre ketabe mahârat", in Persian language. He was also a poet and composed a long philosophical ode (qaṣida ḥekmiya) in imitation of and response to the Persian Ismaʿili thinker [[Nasir Khusraw]]. His best-known work is titled ''al-Resāla al-ṣenāʿiya'', an examination of the arts and professions within an ideal society. The importance of this treatise is that it combines a number of genres and subject areas: political and ethical thought, [[mirrors for princes]], metaphysics, and the critical subject of the classifications of the sciences.<ref name="Iranica"/>


== Philosophical Views ==
== See also ==
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* [[List of Iranian scientists]]
{{Empty section|date=June 2008}}
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* [[Iranian philosophy]]
⚫
* [[Philosophers]]
* [[Fenderesk District]]


==Notes==
==Notes==
{{reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


==External links==
==Further reading==
⚫
* "The Place of the School of Isfahan in Islamic Philosophy and Sufism," in ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=lDjYAAAAMAAJ The Heritage of Sufism, Volume III: Late Classical Persianate Sufism (1501–1750)]'', ed. L. Lewisohn and D. Morgan, Oxford, 1999, pp.&nbsp;3–15.

Encyclopædia Iranica, "Mir Fenderski" by Sajjad. H. Rizvi [http://www.iranica.com/newsite/articles/ot_grp8/ot_mirfenderes_20050615.html]

Fazlur Rahman, ''The Philosophy of Mullā Ṣadrā (Ṣadr Al-Dīn Al-Shirāzī)'', SUNY Press, 1975

⚫
"The Place of the School of Isfahan in Islamic Philosophy and Sufism," in The Heritage of Sufism, Volume III: Late Classical Persianate Sufism (1501–1750), ed. L. Lewisohn and D. Morgan, Oxford, 1999, pp.&nbsp;3–15.

== See also ==
⚫
*[[List of Iranian scientists]]
⚫
*[[Iranian philosophy]]
⚫
*[[Philosophers]]


{{Islamic philosophy}}
{{Islamic philosophy}}
{{Authority control}}


{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. -->
⚫
| NAME = Fendereski, Mir
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = Persian philosopher
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| DATE OF BIRTH = 1562
| PLACE OF BIRTH =
⚫
| DATE OF DEATH = 1640
| PLACE OF DEATH =
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}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Fendereski, Mir}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Fendereski, Mir}}
[[Category:16th-century Iranian people]]
[[Category:16th-century Iranian philosophers]]
[[Category:17th-century Iranian people]]
[[Category:17th-century Iranian philosophers]]
[[Category:1562 births]]
[[Category:1562 births]]
[[Category:1640 deaths]]
[[Category:1640 deaths]]
[[Category:Persian philosophers]]
[[Category:People from Gorgan]]
[[Category:Burials at Takht-e Foulad]]

Latest revision as of 05:20, 19 January 2024

Mir Fendereski
میرفِنْدِرِسْکی
Bust of Mir Fendereski in Isfahan province
Born1562
Died1640
OccupationPhilosopher & Poet
Known forWriting various works such as:

Resâle Sanaie

Resâleh dar kimiyâ

Šahre ketabe mahârat

Resāla al-ṣenāʿiya

Mir Fendereski (Persian: میرفِنْدِرِسْکی)‎ (1562–1640) was a Persian[1] philosopher, poet and mystic of the Safavid era. His full name is given as Mir Abulqasim Mirfendereski (Persian: میرابوالقاسم میرفندرسکی). He lived for a while in Isfahan at the same time as Mir Damad, spent a great part of his life in India among yogis and Zoroastrians, and learnt from them. He was patronized by both the Safavid and Mughal courts.[2] The famous Persian philosopher Mulla Sadra also studied under him.[3]

Life

[edit]

Mir Fendereski remains a mysterious and enigmatic figure whom we know very little about.[2] He was probably born around 1562-1563 and died at the age of eighty.[2] He gained a reputation of an ascetic at the court of Shah Abbas in Isfahan. He is said to have journeyed through India, where he became a vegetarian and refused to go on pilgrimage to Mecca, so he would not be forced to sacrifice sheep. [4]

Mir Fendereski was trained in the works of Avicenna as he taught the Avicennian medical and philosophical compendiums of al-Qanun (The Canon) and Al-Shifa (The Cure) in Isfahan.

Works

[edit]

A number of works are attributed to him, although these have not been studied in detail. In his extensive commentary on the Persian translation of the Mahabharata (Razm-Nama in Persian) and Nizam al-Din Panipati's rendition of the Yoga Vasistha, he complains about the quality of the translation, which implies that he was familiar with Sanskrit. He was among a group of Persians at the Mughal court to engage with Indian thought.

Some of his most famous works are "Resâle Sanaie", "Resâleh dar kimiyâ" and "Šahre ketabe mahârat", in Persian language. He was also a poet and composed a long philosophical ode (qaṣida ḥekmiya) in imitation of and response to the Persian Ismaʿili thinker Nasir Khusraw. His best-known work is titled al-Resāla al-ṣenāʿiya, an examination of the arts and professions within an ideal society. The importance of this treatise is that it combines a number of genres and subject areas: political and ethical thought, mirrors for princes, metaphysics, and the critical subject of the classifications of the sciences.[2]

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Hossein, Nasr, Seyyed (24 April 2012). "Findiriskī". Encyclopedia of Islam, second edition, Brill. Retrieved 11 February 2017.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  2. ^ a b c d Encyclopedia Iranica, "Mir Fenderski" by Sajjad. H. Rizvi
  3. ^ Fazlur Rahman, The Philosophy of Mullā Ṣadrā (Ṣadr Al-Dīn Al-Shirāzī), SUNY Press, 1975
  4. ^ "Anthropology and Iranian cultures: Iranian anthropology 1900–25", Politics of Culture in Iran, Routledge, pp. 35–52, 2006-08-21, doi:10.4324/9780203029879-7, ISBN 9780203029879, retrieved 2022-11-24

Further reading

[edit]
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