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{{Short description|Russian missionary and early Hebrew Christian leader}} |
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[[File:Joseph-Rabinowitz.jpg|thumb|Joseph Rabinowitz]] |
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{{Infobox Christian leader |
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| name = Joseph Rabinowitz |
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<!---------- Personal details ----------> |
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| birth_date = {{Birth date|1837|09|23}} |
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| birth_place = [[Rezina|Resina]], [[Russian Empire]] |
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| death_date = {{Death date and age|1899|05|17|1837|09|23}} |
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| death_place = [[Odessa]], Russian Empire |
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'''Joseph Rabinowitz''' (23 September 1837 – 17 May 1899) was a Russian [[Conversion of the Jews (future event)|missionary to the Jews]], who founded the [[Hebrew Christian movement|Hebrew Christian]] movement Novy Israel in 1882.{{r|JE}} |
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== Biography == |
== Biography == |
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Rabinowitz was born on September |
Rabinowitz was born on 23 September 1837 in [[Rezina|Resina]], [[Bessarabia]].{{r|schodde}} He was brought up as a [[Hasidic Judaism|Ḥasid]]{{Citation needed|date=October 2022}}, but later acquired some secular knowledge and mastered the Russian language. For a time he practised law in the lower courts of his native town, settling subsequently in [[Chişinău|Kishinev]]. |
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In 1882 he founded the movement Novy Israel, and began to preach Christianity to the Jews of Kishinev. Following immediately upon the founding of the [[Biblists|Bibleitzy]] brotherhood by [[Jacob Gordin]] at [[Kropyvnytskyi|Elizabethgrad]], the new movement attracted much attention, and was freely discussed in Russian newspapers. Rabinowitz succeeded for a time in interesting Christian [[Hebraist]] [[Franz Delitzsch]] in his movement and in allaying the suspicions of the Russian government, which strictly prohibited the formation of new religious movement and was called sect.<ref name=St.Petersburg>Sistematicheski Ukazatel, St. Petersburg, 1892</ref> But his open conversion to [[Protestantism]] had the natural result of estranging many of his followers.{{r|JE}} He was baptized in Berlin on 24 March 1885.{{r|mead}} |
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== Works == |
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*''Two sermons in The House of God in Bethlehem Kishinev held''. Publisher Dörffling & Franke, Leipzig 1885 |
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* [[Franz Delitzsch]] (ed.): ''Documents the southern Russian Christianity movement. Autobiography and Sermons of Joseph Rabinovich'', Leipzig 1887 |
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==Publications== |
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* ''Ketuvim le-yeshurun''. Published in French as {{cite book|title=Les souffrances du Messie|date=1890|location=Paris|publisher=Dépôt Central|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R_kKnt0oa9EC}} |
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* {{cite book|title=Zwei Predigten in dem Gotteshause Bethlehem in Kischinew|series=Schriften des Institutum Judaicum in Leipzig ;Nr. 9|location=Leipzig|publisher=Dörffling & Franke|date=1885|hdl=2027/hvd.hngeuh|url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/hvd.hngeuh}} |
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* {{cite book|title=Neue Documente der südrussischen Christentumsbewegung|series=Schriften des Institutum Judaicum in Leipzig,16|location=Leipzig|publisher=Dörffling & Franke|date=1887|url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.hngeui}} |
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* {{cite book|title=A Short Biography of Joseph Rabinowitsch of Kishinew, Southern-Russia: With Extracts from His Sermons|publisher=K. C. Holter|date=1917|url=http://zionchristianpress.org/rabinowitz/testimony.html?http%3A//zionchristianpress.org/rabinowitz/testimony-text.html}} |
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* {{cite book|title=A Short Biography of Rev. Joseph Rabinowitsch of Kishinew, Russia with Extracts from His Sermons Delivered in Russia and England|publisher=K.C. Holter Publishing Company|date=1917|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8fHXtgAACAAJ}} |
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⚫ | * {{cite book|first=Kai|last=Kjaer-Hansen|title=Josef Rabinowitsch og den messianske bevægelse|publisher=Forlaget Okay-Bog|location=Århus|date=1988}} English translation: {{cite book|title=Joseph Rabinowitz and the Messianic Movement: The Heart of Jewish Christianity|publisher=Handsel Press [u.a.]|location=Edinburgh|date=1995}} |
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===Citations=== |
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== External links == |
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{{Commons category|Joseph Rabinowitz}} |
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<ref name=JE>{{Jewish Encyclopedia|article=Rabinowitz, Joseph|url=https://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/12517-rabinowitz-joseph|first1=Herman|last1= Rosenthal|first2=Peter|last2=Wiernik|volume=10|pages=303–304|no-prescript=1}}</ref> |
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*{{BBKL|r/rabinowitsch_j|band=7|autor=Rainer Reuter|artikel=Rabinowitsch, Joseph (Osip|spalten=1175-1177}} |
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<ref name=schodde>{{cite journal|title=Josph Rabinowitch, the Jewish-Christian Leader|first=George H.|last=Schodde|journal=The Missionary Review of the World|volume=1|number=3|series=New Series|date=1888|location=Funk & Wagnalls|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qdxDAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA193|pages=193–197}}</ref> |
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*[http://zionchristianpress.org/rabinowitz/testimony.html?http%3A//zionchristianpress.org/rabinowitz/testimony-text.html Autobiography of 1886 with images] |
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<ref name=mead>{{cite journal|title=The Baptism, in Berlin, of Joseph Rabinowitz (a Russian Jew), by an American Clergyman|first=C. M.|last=Mead|journal=New Englander and Yale Review|date=1890|series=New Series|publisher=Tuttle, Morehouse & Taylor|location=New Haven|volume=16|number=3|url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.b3058170&view=1up&seq=261|pages=245–252}}</ref> |
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*[http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=53&letter=R Jewish Encyclopedia: Biography] {{en icon}} |
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}} |
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*[http://www.messianicassociation.org/ezine06-rabinowitz.htm Dr. Alan Poyner-Levison: ''The Life and Times of Joseph Rabinowitz''; Biography] {{en icon}} |
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*[http://www.manfred-gebhard.de/1910.htm Comparation Rabinowitz - Delitzsch – Russell] {{de icon}} |
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[[Category:1899 deaths]] |
[[Category:1899 deaths]] |
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[[Category:Converts to Christianity from Judaism]] |
[[Category:Converts to Christianity from Judaism]] |
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[[Category:Expatriates in Ottoman Palestine]] |
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[[Category:Moldavian Jews]] |
[[Category:Moldavian Jews]] |
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[[Category:Bessarabian Jews]] |
[[Category:Bessarabian Jews]] |
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[[Category:Jews from Ottoman Palestine]] |
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[[Category:Messianic Jews]] |
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[[Category:People from Rezina District]] |
[[Category:People from Rezina District]] |
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[[Category:Hebrew Christian movement]] |
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[[Category:Russian Christians]] |
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[[Category:Russian Christian missionaries]] |
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[[Category:Russian Jews]] |
Revision as of 09:54, 10 January 2024
Joseph Rabinowitz | |
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Personal details | |
Born | |
Died | May 17, 1899 Odessa, Russian Empire | (aged 61)
Joseph Rabinowitz (23 September 1837 – 17 May 1899) was a Russian missionary to the Jews, who founded the Hebrew Christian movement Novy Israel in 1882.[1]
Biography
Rabinowitz was born on 23 September 1837 in Resina, Bessarabia.[2] He was brought up as a Ḥasid[citation needed], but later acquired some secular knowledge and mastered the Russian language. For a time he practised law in the lower courts of his native town, settling subsequently in Kishinev.
In 1882 he founded the movement Novy Israel, and began to preach Christianity to the Jews of Kishinev. Following immediately upon the founding of the Bibleitzy brotherhood by Jacob Gordin at Elizabethgrad, the new movement attracted much attention, and was freely discussed in Russian newspapers. Rabinowitz succeeded for a time in interesting Christian Hebraist Franz Delitzsch in his movement and in allaying the suspicions of the Russian government, which strictly prohibited the formation of new religious movement and was called sect.[3] But his open conversion to Protestantism had the natural result of estranging many of his followers.[1] He was baptized in Berlin on 24 March 1885.[4]
He died in Kishinev on 17 May 1899.[5]
Publications
- "Descriptions of Russia". Yearbook for the history of Jews and Judaism'. Leipzig: Institute for the Promoting of Hebrew Literature. 1860–1869.
- Ketuvim le-yeshurun. Published in French as Les souffrances du Messie. Paris: Dépôt Central. 1890.
- Zwei Predigten in dem Gotteshause Bethlehem in Kischinew. Schriften des Institutum Judaicum in Leipzig ;Nr. 9. Leipzig: Dörffling & Franke. 1885. hdl:2027/hvd.hngeuh.
- Neue Documente der südrussischen Christentumsbewegung. Schriften des Institutum Judaicum in Leipzig,16. Leipzig: Dörffling & Franke. 1887.
- A Short Biography of Joseph Rabinowitsch of Kishinew, Southern-Russia: With Extracts from His Sermons. K. C. Holter. 1917.
- A Short Biography of Rev. Joseph Rabinowitsch of Kishinew, Russia with Extracts from His Sermons Delivered in Russia and England. K.C. Holter Publishing Company. 1917.
References
- Fauerholdt, I. (1914). "Joseph Rabinowitsch: A Prophetic Figure of the Modern Judaism". Small Writings on the Jewish Mission. 8. Leipzig.
- Kjaer-Hansen, Kai (1988). Josef Rabinowitsch og den messianske bevægelse. Århus: Forlaget Okay-Bog. English translation: Joseph Rabinowitz and the Messianic Movement: The Heart of Jewish Christianity. Edinburgh: Handsel Press [u.a.] 1995.
Citations
- ^ a b Rosenthal, Herman; Wiernik, Peter (1905). "Rabinowitz, Joseph". In Singer, Isidore; et al. (eds.). The Jewish Encyclopedia. Vol. 10. New York: Funk & Wagnalls. pp. 303–304.
- ^ Schodde, George H. (1888). "Josph Rabinowitch, the Jewish-Christian Leader". The Missionary Review of the World. New Series. 1 (3). Funk & Wagnalls: 193–197.
- ^ Sistematicheski Ukazatel, St. Petersburg, 1892
- ^ Mead, C. M. (1890). "The Baptism, in Berlin, of Joseph Rabinowitz (a Russian Jew), by an American Clergyman". New Englander and Yale Review. New Series. 16 (3). New Haven: Tuttle, Morehouse & Taylor: 245–252.
- ^ Rainer Reuter (1994). "Rabinowitsch, Joseph (Osip)". In Bautz, Traugott (ed.). Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL) (in German). Vol. 7. Herzberg: Bautz. cols. 1175–1177. ISBN 3-88309-048-4..