William Jones Boone (father): Difference between revisions

William Jones Boone
William Jones Boone
Missionary Bishop of China and Japan
Church	Episcopal Church
See	China and Japan (missionary district)
In office	1844-1864
Predecessor	none
Successor	Channing M. Williams
Orders
Ordination	3 March 1837
Personal details
Born	1 July 1811; Walterboro, South Carolina
Died	17 July 1864 (aged 53); Shanghai

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William Jones Boone (1 July 1811 – 17 July 1864) was the first Episcopalian missionary bishop of China and Japan and the first bishop of China outside the Roman tradition.^[1]

Life

Boone was born in Walterboro, South Carolina, graduated from the College of South Carolina in 1829 and was admitted to the bar in 1833. He then attended Virginia Theological Seminary and was ordained deacon on 18 September 1836 and priest on 3 March 1837.

Missionary work in China

Under the auspices of the Protestant Episcopal Church Mission (PECM, also called the American Church Mission), Boone was appointed a missionary to China on 17 January 1837. Accompanied by his wife Amelia he commenced his journey to China from Boston on 8 July 1837 reaching Batavia on 22 October the same year. In Batavia he studied alongside the priests Henry Lockwood and Francis Hanson to gain a degree of fluency in the Chinese language.

Prior to the conclusion of the First Opium War Boone relocated to Macau in 1840.^[1] In February 1842 conditions in China were considered secure enough for Boone to relocate his missionary work to Kulangsu, a small island half a mile from the recently opened treaty port of Amoy, to set up the first base for the Episcopalians.^[1]

On a return visit the United States Boone was consecrated at St. Peter's Church, Philadelphia on 26 October 1844 as the first Anglican missionary bishop of China and Japan (under later bishops, the missionary district was reduced and called Shanghai)^[2]^[3] and the first bishop of China outside the Roman tradition.^[1]^[4] Influenced by British CMS missionary George Smith he chose to relocate the center of his mission work to Shanghai in 1845 where he served until his death in 1864.

Boone was responsible for the recruitment of numerous missionaries; notably Emma Jones, Henry M. Parker and Channing Moore Williams his eventual successor as Bishop of China nad Japan. Boone with others is credited with the translation of the Book of Common Prayer into Chinese and also contributed to a Chinese translation of the Bible. He also ordained the first Chinese priest, Huang Guangcai (Chinese: 黃光彩, 1827–96) in 1851.^[1]

Between 1848 and 1850, Boone was a central figure in the "Term Question" debate on how to translate the word "God" into Chinese for the Delegates Version Bible. He advocated using the word shen 神, in opposition to figures like James Legge who favoured using Shangdi 上帝.^[5]

Family

He married Sarah Amelia deSaussure who died at Amoy in 1842. His second wife was Phobe Caroline Elliott. Boone's son, also named William Jones Boone, also served as a Missionary Bishop of Shanghai in the Episcopal Church.

Consecrators

Philander Chase, 1st bishop of Ohio and 1st bishop of Illinois
George Washington Doane, 2nd bishop of New Jersey
James Hervey Otey, 1st bishop of Tennessee

William Jones Boone was the 45th bishop consecrated for the Episcopal Church.

Works

(1837) Address in Behalf of the China Mission, By the Rev. William J. Boone, M.D., Missionary of the Protestant Episcopal Church of the United States of America to China.
(1848) An Essay on the Proper Rendering of the Words Elohim and Theos into the Chinese Language. Canton [Guangzhou]: Office of the Chinese Repository.
(1850) Defense of an essay on the proper rendering of the words Elohim and Theos into the Chinese language. Canton [Guangzhou]: Office of the Chinese Repository.
(1852) A vindication of comments on the translation of Ephesians I : in the Delegates' version of the New Testament. Canton [Guangzhou]. Publisher not indicated - presumably Office of the Chinese Repository.

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Wickeri, Philip Lauri (2015). Christian Encounters with Chinese Culture : Essays on Anglican and Episcopal History in China. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press. ISBN 9789888313259. OCLC 911961991.
^ "Anglican and Episcopal Bishops in China, 1844–1912" (PDF). Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui Archives. May 11, 2021. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 4, 2022. Retrieved January 7, 2022.
^ "China, Missionary District of". An Episcopal Dictionary of the Church. 2000. Archived from the original on January 7, 2022. Retrieved January 7, 2022.
^ Gray, G. F. S. (1996). Smalley, Martha Lund (ed.). Anglicans in China: A History of the Zhonghua Shenggong Hui (Chung Hua Sheng Kung Huei). Episcopal China Mission History Project.
^ Oak, S. D. (2012). Competing Chinese names for God: the Chinese term question and its influence upon Korea. Journal of Korean Religions, 89-115.

Episcopal Church (USA) titles
New title	Missionary Bishop of China and Japan 1844–1864	Succeeded by Channing Moore Williams

[:0-1] Wickeri, Philip Lauri (2015). Christian Encounters with Chinese Culture : Essays on Anglican and Episcopal History in China. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press. ISBN 9789888313259. OCLC 911961991.

[HKA1-2] "Anglican and Episcopal Bishops in China, 1844–1912" (PDF). Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui Archives. May 11, 2021. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 4, 2022. Retrieved January 7, 2022.

[3] "China, Missionary District of". An Episcopal Dictionary of the Church. 2000. Archived from the original on January 7, 2022. Retrieved January 7, 2022.

[4] Gray, G. F. S. (1996). Smalley, Martha Lund (ed.). Anglicans in China: A History of the Zhonghua Shenggong Hui (Chung Hua Sheng Kung Huei). Episcopal China Mission History Project.

[5] Oak, S. D. (2012). Competing Chinese names for God: the Chinese term question and its influence upon Korea. Journal of Korean Religions, 89-115.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-{{About|the first Bishop of Shanghai|his son|William Boone (son)}}
+{{About|the first Bishop of Shanghai|his son|William Jones Boone (son)}}
-{{Portal|Anglicanism}}
 {{Infobox Christian leader
 | type        = Bishop
 | name        = William Jones Boone
-| title       = [[Anglican diocese of Shanghai|Anglican Bishop of Shanghai]]
+| title       = [[Anglican diocese of Shanghai|Missionary Bishop of China and Japan]]
-| image       =
+| image       = The Rt. Rev. William Jones Boone (father).jpg
 | alt         =
 | caption     =
@@ Line 11: / Line 10: @@
 | archdiocese =
 | diocese     =
-| see         = [[Anglican diocese of Shanghai|Shanghai]]
+| see         = [[Anglican diocese of Shanghai|China and Japan (missionary&nbsp;district)]]
 | term        = 1844-1864
 | predecessor = none
@@ Line 24: / Line 23: @@
 | birth_date    = 1 July 1811
 | birth_place   = [[Walterboro, South Carolina]]
-| death_date    = 17 July 1864
+| death_date    = {{d-da|17 July 1864|1 July 1811}}
-| death_place   =
+| death_place   = Shanghai
 | previous_post =
 }}
-'''William Jones Boone''' (1 July 1811 – 17 July 1864) was the first [[Anglican]] [[missionary]] [[Anglican diocese of Shanghai|bishop of Shanghai]].
+'''William Jones Boone''' (1 July 1811{{snd}}17 July 1864) was the first [[Episcopalian]] [[missionary]] [[Anglican diocese of Shanghai|bishop of China and Japan]] and the first bishop of [[China]] outside the Roman tradition.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=Christian Encounters with Chinese Culture : Essays on Anglican and Episcopal History in China |last=Wickeri |first=Philip Lauri |date=2015|publisher=Hong Kong University Press |isbn=9789888313259|location=Hong Kong|oclc=911961991}}</ref>
 ==Life==
 Boone was born in [[Walterboro, South Carolina]], graduated from the [[College of South Carolina]] in 1829 and was admitted to the bar in 1833. He then attended [[Virginia Theological Seminary]] and was ordained [[deacon]] on 18 September 1836 and priest on 3 March 1837.
 ==Missionary work in China==
-Under the auspices of the Protestant Episcopal Church Mission, Boone was appointed a missionary to China on 17 January 1837. Accompanied by his wife Amelia he commenced his journey to China from Boston on 8 Juky 1837 reaching [[Batavia, Dutch East Indies|Batavia]] on 22 October the same year.  In Batavia he studied alongside Revd. Henry Lockwood and Revd. Francis Hanson to gain a degree of fluency in the Chinese language.
+Under the auspices of the [[Protestant Episcopal Church Mission]] (PECM, also called the American Church Mission), Boone was appointed a missionary to China on 17 January 1837. Accompanied by his wife Amelia he commenced his journey to China from Boston on 8 July 1837 reaching [[Batavia, Dutch East Indies|Batavia]] on 22 October the same year. In Batavia he studied alongside the priests Henry Lockwood and [[Francis Hanson]] to gain a degree of fluency in the Chinese language.
-Prior to the conclusion of the [[First Opium War]] relocated to Macau. In February 1842 conditions in China were considered secure enough for Boone to relocate his missionary work to Kulang-see, a small island half a mile from the recently opened [[treaty port]] of [[Xiamen|Amoy]],
+Prior to the conclusion of the [[First Opium War]] Boone relocated to Macau in 1840.<ref name=":0" /> In February 1842 conditions in China were considered secure enough for Boone to relocate his missionary work to [[Kulangsu]], a small island half a mile from the recently opened [[treaty port]] of [[Xiamen|Amoy]], to set up the first base for the Episcopalians.<ref name=":0" />
+On a return visit the United States Boone was consecrated at [[St. Peter's Episcopal Church, Society Hill, Philadelphia|St. Peter's Church]], [[Philadelphia]] on 26 October 1844 as the first [[Anglican]] missionary bishop of China and Japan (under later bishops, the missionary district was reduced and called [[Shanghai]])<ref name="HKA1">{{cite web |website=Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui Archives |title=Anglican and Episcopal Bishops in China, 1844–1912 |url=http://archives.hkskh.org/uploads/%E6%AD%B7%E4%BB%BB%E8%81%96%E5%85%AC%E5%AE%97%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E4%B8%BB%E6%95%99/Revise%201%20Anglican%20and%20Episcopal%20Bishops%20in%20China.pdf |date=May 11, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220104182910/http://archives.hkskh.org/uploads/%E6%AD%B7%E4%BB%BB%E8%81%96%E5%85%AC%E5%AE%97%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E4%B8%BB%E6%95%99/Revise%201%20Anglican%20and%20Episcopal%20Bishops%20in%20China.pdf |archive-date=January 4, 2022 |access-date=January 7, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |website=An Episcopal Dictionary of the Church |title=China, Missionary District of |url=https://www.episcopalchurch.org/glossary/china-missionary-district-of/ |date=2000 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220107191422/https://www.episcopalchurch.org/glossary/china-missionary-district-of/ |archive-date=January 7, 2022 |access-date=January 7, 2022 }}</ref> and the first bishop of China outside the Roman tradition.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite book|title=Anglicans in China: A History of the Zhonghua Shenggong Hui (Chung Hua Sheng Kung Huei)|last=Gray|first=G. F. S.|publisher=Episcopal China Mission History Project|year=1996|editor-last=Smalley|editor-first=Martha Lund}}</ref> Influenced by British [[Church Missionary Society|CMS]] missionary [[George Smith (Bishop of Victoria)|George Smith]] he chose to relocate the center of his mission work to Shanghai in 1845 where he served until his death in 1864.
-Boone was consecrated at [[St. Peter's Episcopal Church, Society Hill, Philadelphia|St. Peter's Church]], [[Philadelphia]] on 26 October 1844 as the first missionary bishop of China. Influenced by British [[Church Missionary Society|CMS]] missionary [[George Smith (Bishop of Victoria)|George Smith]] he chose to relocate to Shanghai where he served until his death in 1864. He translated the [[Book of Common Prayer]] into Chinese and worked on a Chinese translation of the Bible.
+Boone was responsible for the recruitment of numerous missionaries; notably Emma Jones, Henry M. Parker and [[Channing Moore Williams]] his eventual successor as Bishop of China nad Japan. Boone with others is credited with the translation of the [[Book of Common Prayer]] into Chinese and also contributed to a Chinese translation of the Bible. He also ordained the first Chinese priest, [[Huang Guangcai]] (Chinese: 黃光彩, 1827–96) in 1851.<ref name=":0" />
+Between 1848 and 1850, Boone was a central figure in the "Term Question" debate on how to translate the word "God" into Chinese for the [[Delegates Version]] Bible. He advocated using the word ''shen'' 神, in opposition to figures like [[James Legge]] who favoured using ''Shangdi'' 上帝.<ref>Oak, S. D. (2012). Competing Chinese names for God: the Chinese term question and its influence upon Korea. Journal of Korean Religions, 89-115.</ref>
 ==Family==
+He married Sarah Amelia deSaussure who died at [[Xiamen|Amoy]] in 1842.  His second wife was Phobe Caroline Elliott. Boone's son, also named [[William Jones Boone (son)|William Jones Boone]], also served as a [[Anglican diocese of Shanghai|Missionary Bishop of Shanghai]] in the Episcopal Church.
-Married Sarah Amelia deSaussure. Died at [[Xiamen|Amoy]] in 1842.
-Boone's son, also named [[William Boone (son)|William Jones Boone]], also served as a [[Anglican diocese of Shanghai|bishop of Shanghai]] in the Episcopal Church.
 ===Consecrators===
-* The Right Reverend [[Philander Chase]], 1st bishop of [[Episcopal Diocese of Ohio|Ohio]] and 1st bishop of [[Episcopal Diocese of Chicago|Illinois]]
+* [[Philander Chase]], 1st bishop of [[Episcopal Diocese of Ohio|Ohio]] and 1st bishop of [[Episcopal Diocese of Chicago|Illinois]]
-* The Right Reverend [[George Washington Doane]], 2nd bishop of [[Episcopal Diocese of New Jersey|New Jersey]]
+* [[George Washington Doane]], 2nd bishop of [[Episcopal Diocese of New Jersey|New Jersey]]
-* The Right Reverend [[James Hervey Otey]], 1st bishop of [[Episcopal Diocese of Tennessee|Tennessee]]
+* [[James Hervey Otey]], 1st bishop of [[Episcopal Diocese of Tennessee|Tennessee]]
 William Jones Boone was the [[Succession of Bishops of the Episcopal Church in the United States|45th]] bishop consecrated for the [[Episcopal Church in the United States of America|Episcopal Church]].
-==Bibliography==
+==Works==
+{{Portal|Christianity}}
-* [http://anglicanhistory.org/asia/china/boone_address1837.html ''Address in Behalf of the China Mission'', By the Rev. William J. Boone, M.D., Missionary of the Protestant Episcopal Church of the United States of America to China.]
+* (1837) [http://anglicanhistory.org/asia/china/boone_address1837.html ''Address in Behalf of the China Mission'', By the Rev. William J. Boone, M.D., Missionary of the Protestant Episcopal Church of the United States of America to China.]
+* (1848) ''An Essay on the Proper Rendering of the Words Elohim and Theos into the Chinese Language''. Canton [Guangzhou]: Office of the Chinese Repository.
+* (1850) ''Defense of an essay on the proper rendering of the words Elohim and Theos into the Chinese language''. Canton [Guangzhou]: Office of the Chinese Repository.
+* (1852) ''A vindication of comments on the translation of Ephesians I : in the Delegates' version of the New Testament''. Canton [Guangzhou]. Publisher not indicated - presumably Office of the Chinese Repository.
-==References==
+==See also==
+* [[Huachung University]] – originally called Boone University, named after W. J. Boone.
-*[http://ecusa.anglican.org/19625_12492_ENG_HTM.htm Episcopal Church Office of Liturgy and Music: William Jones Boone]
+==References==
+{{Reflist}}
 {{Protestant missions to China}}
+{{authority control}}
 {{S-start}}
 {{S-rel|ep}}
+{{S-new}}
-{{Succession box|title=[[Anglican diocese of Shanghai|Bishop of Shanghai]]|before=(none)|after=[[Channing Moore Williams]]|years=1844 &ndash; 1864}}
+{{S-ttl|title=[[Anglican diocese of Shanghai|Missionary Bishop of China and Japan]]|years=1844&ndash;1864}}
+{{S-aft|after=[[Channing Moore Williams]]}}
 {{S-end}}
-{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. -->
-| NAME              =Boone, William Jones
-| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
-| SHORT DESCRIPTION = American bishop
-| DATE OF BIRTH     =1 July 1811
-| PLACE OF BIRTH    =[[Walterboro, South Carolina]]
-| DATE OF DEATH     =17 July 1864
-| PLACE OF DEATH    =
-}}
 {{DEFAULTSORT:Boone, William Jones}}
 [[Category:1811 births]]
 [[Category:1864 deaths]]
 [[Category:Translators of the Bible into Chinese]]
-[[Category:People from Colleton County, South Carolina]]
+[[Category:People from Walterboro, South Carolina]]
 [[Category:Episcopal bishops of Shanghai]]
-[[Category:Anglican bishops in China]]
+[[Category:19th-century Anglican bishops in China]]
-[[Category:19th-century translators]]
+[[Category:19th-century American translators]]
 [[Category:Virginia Theological Seminary alumni]]
+[[Category:University of South Carolina alumni]]
-{{anglican-stub}}
-{{US-bishop-stub}}
-{{US-translator-stub}}
-{{bible-translator-stub}}
-[[Category:American translators]]

v t e Protestant missions to China
Background	Protestantism in China Protestantism in Sichuan Chinese history Missions timeline Christianity in China Nestorians Jesuits Protestant missions in China 1807–1953
People	David Howard Adeney Mary Ann Aldersey Roland Allen Thomas J. Arnold Gladys Aylward Joseph Beech John Birch William Jones Boone Pearl S. Buck John Burdon Thomas Cochrane Hunter Corbett Jonathan Goforth Frederick Graves Karl Gützlaff Francis Hanson Laura Askew Haygood Elizabeth G. K. Hewat Jennie V. Hughes Robert A. Jaffray Carl C. Jeremiassen Griffith John Walter Judd James Legge Eric Liddell Robert Samuel Maclay Lottie Moon Robert Morrison George Moule Gideon Nye David Paton Karl Ludvig Reichelt Timothy Richard Issachar Jacox Roberts Charles Scott Cambridge Seven George Smith Vincent John Stanton John and Betty Stam John Leighton Stuart Elwood Gardner Tewksbury Hudson Taylor Thomas Torrance William C. White (more missionaries)
Missionary agencies	American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions American Methodist Episcopal Mission Canadian Methodist Mission China Inland Mission Church Mission Society London Missionary Society National Christian Council US Presbyterian Mission Protestant Episcopal Church Mission List of Protestant missionary societies in China (1807–1953)
Colleges and universities	United Board University of Shanghai Cheeloo University Ginling College University of Nanking Soochow University Yenching University St. John's University Hangchow University Fukien Christian University Lingnan University College of Yale-in-China Huachung University West China Union University Peking Union Medical College Methodist Episcopal Church Hwa Nan College English Presbyterian Mission Chung Hua Sheng Kung Hui Oberlin Shansi Memorial Association Reformed Church in the United States
Impact	Bible translations into Chinese Medical missions in China Manchurian revival Chinese Christian colleges Chinese hymnody Chinese Roman Type Minnan Roman Type Foochow Roman Type Anti-footbinding Anti-opium
Pivotal events	Taiping Rebellion First Opium War Second Opium War Unequal treaty Yangzhou riot Tianjin Massacre Kucheng Massacre Boxer Crisis 1911 Revolution Chinese Civil War Second Sino-Japanese War People's Republic
Publications	The Chinese Repository Chinese Recorder and Missionary Journal The Christian Occupation of China Journal of the West China Border Research Society The West China Missionary News

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