Southern lesser bamboo lemur: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Species of lemur}} |
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{{Taxobox |
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{{Speciesbox |
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| name = Southern lesser bamboo lemur |
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| image = Southern lesser bamboo lemur, Südliche Bambuslemur, Detail.jpg |
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| status_ref = <ref name=iucn>{{IUCN2007 | assessors = Baillie, J. | year = 2000 | id = 9673 | title = Hapalemur griseus | downloaded = [[2008-03-30]]}}</ref> |
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| status_system = |
| status_system = IUCN3.1 |
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| regnum = [[Animal]]ia |
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| status_ref = <ref name="iucn status 19 November 2021">{{cite iucn |author=Donati, G. |author2=Balestri, M. |author3=Campera, M. |author4=Eppley, T.M. |date=2020 |title=''Hapalemur meridionalis'' |volume=2020 |page=e.T136384A115582831 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T136384A115582831.en |access-date=19 November 2021}}</ref> |
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| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]] |
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| status2 = CITES_A1 |
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| status2_system = CITES |
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| ordo = [[Primate]]s |
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| status2_ref = <ref name=CITES/> |
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| familia = [[Lemuridae]] |
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| taxon = Hapalemur meridionalis |
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| species = '''''H. meridionalis''''' |
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| range_map = Hapalemur meridionalis range map.svg |
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| range_map_caption = Distribution of ''H. meridionalis''<ref name="iucn status 19 November 2021" /> |
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| binomial_authority = (Warter, et al., 1987) |
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The '''Southern Lesser Bamboo Lemur''' (''Hapalemur meridionalis'') is species of [[bamboo lemur]] endemic to southern [[Madagascar]] near [[Tôlanaro]]. It was originally proposed as a subspecies of the [[Eastern Lesser Bamboo Lemur]] and is of similar size.<ref name="mitt">{{cite book|title=Lemurs of Madagascar, Second Edition|author=Mittermeier, Russell, et al|year=2006|page=226}}</ref> However, it is darker and redder than the Eastern Lesser Bamboo Lemur, with a shorter tail and different vocalizations.<ref name="mitt" /> The type locality is [[Mandena]], and it is believed to inhabit moist lowland and [[montane forest]]s.<ref name="mitt" /> |
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The '''southern lesser bamboo lemur''' ('''''Hapalemur meridionalis'''''), also known as the '''southern bamboo lemur''', '''rusty-gray lesser bamboo lemur''',<ref name=mdd>{{cite web |title=Mammal Diversity Database |date=2019 |url=http://www.mammaldiversity.org |website=mammaldiversity.org |publisher=American Society of Mammalologists |access-date=6 January 2019}}</ref> and '''southern gentle lemur''', is a species of [[bamboo lemur]] [[Endemism|endemic]] to southern [[Madagascar]]. |
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The Southern Lesser Bamboo Lemur is further supported as a separate species by recent [[mitochondrial DNA]] research.<ref>{{cite journal | title=Phylogenetic relationships between Hapalemur species and subspecies based on mitochondrial DNA sequences | author= Fausser, J., Donati, G., Ramanamanjato, J. and Rumpler, Y. |journal=BMC Evol Biol. |year=2002 | volume=2|pages=4 | doi=10.1186/1471-2148-2-4}}</ref> |
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==Taxonomy== |
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It was originally considered to be a subspecies of the [[eastern lesser bamboo lemur]] (''Hapalemur griseus''), and is of similar size, but is darker and redder than the eastern lesser bamboo lemur, with a shorter tail and different vocalizations.<ref name="mitt">{{cite book|title=Lemurs of Madagascar|edition=Second|author=Mittermeier, Russell|year=2006|page=226|display-authors=etal}}</ref> The type locality is the forestry station of [[Mandena]], and it is further supported as a separate species by recent [[mitochondrial DNA]] research.<ref name="mitt" /><ref>{{cite journal | title=Phylogenetic relationships between ''Hapalemur'' species and subspecies based on mitochondrial DNA sequences | author= Fausser, J. | author2= Donati, G. | author3= Ramanamanjato, J. | author4= Rumpler, Y. | name-list-style= amp |journal=BMC Evol. Biol. |year=2002 | volume=2|pages=4 | doi=10.1186/1471-2148-2-4 | pmid=11914128 | pmc=101410 | doi-access= free }}</ref> It is possible that [[Hybrid (biology)|hybridisation]] with ''H griseus'' occurs on the [[Andringitra Massif]] at altitudes of {{convert|1600|m|ft|abbr=on}}.<ref name="iucn status 19 November 2021" /> |
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==Distribution== |
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The precise distribution is not known but it is found in south-eastern Madagascar from the [[Mananara River]] south to [[Andohahela]] and up to an altitude of {{convert|1500|m|ft|abbr=on}}. This species is found in three national parks; ([[Andohahela National Park|Andohahela]], [[Andringitra National Park|Andringitra]] and [[Midongy du sud National Park|Midongy du Sud]]), three special reserves ([[Kalambatritra Reserve|Kalambatritra]], [[Manombo Reserve|Manombo]] and [[Pic d'Ivohibe Reserve|Pic d' Ivohibe]]), [[Tsitongambarika|Tsitongambarika Protected Area]], and in the [[Mandena Conservation Zone]].<ref name="iucn status 19 November 2021" /> |
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==Ecology== |
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It is thought that this species is [[Cathemerality|cathemeral]], (i.e. it has sporadic and random intervals of activity during the day or night) and inhabits subtropical moist lowland and [[montane forest]]s up to {{convert|1600|m|ft|abbr=on}}. They live in groups of four to seven and sometimes there is more than one breeding female. Latrine behaviour has been observed where adults urinate, in turn, at specific sites followed by juveniles – it is thought this behaviour could be territorial or has some other communication function.<ref name="iucn status 19 November 2021" /> In Madena forest groups forage on the ground eating various grasses in areas of sparse tree cover and swamps, and have also been observed in [[Reed (plant)|reed beds]] along the [[Estuary|estuaries]] of [[Evahtra]].<ref name="iucn status 19 November 2021" /> |
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==Conservation== |
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The southern lesser bamboo lemu is listed by the [[CITES|Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species]] of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) on [[CITES#Appendix I|Appendix 1]] and the [[International Union for Conservation of Nature]] (IUCN) categorise this species as [[Vulnerable species|vulnerable]].<ref name="iucn status 19 November 2021" /><ref name=CITES>{{cite web | url = http://checklist.cites.org/#/en/search/scientific_name=Hapalemur | title = Checklist of CITES Species | website = CITES | publisher = UNEP-WCMC | access-date = 18 March 2015}}</ref> |
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==References== |
==References== |
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[[it:Hapalemur griseus meridionalis]] |
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Latest revision as of 07:52, 3 December 2023
| Southern lesser bamboo lemur | |
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Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Primates |
| Suborder: | Strepsirrhini |
| Family: | Lemuridae |
| Genus: | Hapalemur |
| Species: | H. meridionalis
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| Binomial name | |
| Hapalemur meridionalis Warter et al., 1987[3]
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| Distribution of H. meridionalis[1] | |
The southern lesser bamboo lemur (Hapalemur meridionalis), also known as the southern bamboo lemur, rusty-gray lesser bamboo lemur,[4] and southern gentle lemur, is a species of bamboo lemur endemic to southern Madagascar.
Taxonomy
[edit]It was originally considered to be a subspecies of the eastern lesser bamboo lemur (Hapalemur griseus), and is of similar size, but is darker and redder than the eastern lesser bamboo lemur, with a shorter tail and different vocalizations.[5] The type locality is the forestry station of Mandena, and it is further supported as a separate species by recent mitochondrial DNA research.[5][6] It is possible that hybridisation with H griseus occurs on the Andringitra Massif at altitudes of 1,600 m (5,200 ft).[1]
Distribution
[edit]The precise distribution is not known but it is found in south-eastern Madagascar from the Mananara River south to Andohahela and up to an altitude of 1,500 m (4,900 ft). This species is found in three national parks; (Andohahela, Andringitra and Midongy du Sud), three special reserves (Kalambatritra, Manombo and Pic d' Ivohibe), Tsitongambarika Protected Area, and in the Mandena Conservation Zone.[1]
Ecology
[edit]It is thought that this species is cathemeral, (i.e. it has sporadic and random intervals of activity during the day or night) and inhabits subtropical moist lowland and montane forests up to 1,600 m (5,200 ft). They live in groups of four to seven and sometimes there is more than one breeding female. Latrine behaviour has been observed where adults urinate, in turn, at specific sites followed by juveniles – it is thought this behaviour could be territorial or has some other communication function.[1] In Madena forest groups forage on the ground eating various grasses in areas of sparse tree cover and swamps, and have also been observed in reed beds along the estuaries of Evahtra.[1]
Conservation
[edit]The southern lesser bamboo lemu is listed by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) on Appendix 1 and the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) categorise this species as vulnerable.[1][2]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e f g Donati, G.; Balestri, M.; Campera, M.; Eppley, T.M. (2020). "Hapalemur meridionalis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T136384A115582831. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T136384A115582831.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
- ^ a b "Checklist of CITES Species". CITES. UNEP-WCMC. Retrieved 18 March 2015.
- ^ Groves, C. P. (2005). Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 116. ISBN 0-801-88221-4. OCLC 62265494.
- ^ "Mammal Diversity Database". mammaldiversity.org. American Society of Mammalologists. 2019. Retrieved 6 January 2019.
- ^ a b Mittermeier, Russell; et al. (2006). Lemurs of Madagascar (Second ed.). p. 226.
- ^ Fausser, J.; Donati, G.; Ramanamanjato, J. & Rumpler, Y. (2002). "Phylogenetic relationships between Hapalemur species and subspecies based on mitochondrial DNA sequences". BMC Evol. Biol. 2: 4. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-2-4. PMC 101410. PMID 11914128.