Malunion: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox |
{{Infobox medical condition (new) |
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| name = Malunion |
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| field = [[Osteology]] |
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| field = [[Orthopedics]] |
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A '''malunion''' is when a [[Bone fracture|fractured bone]] |
A '''malunion''' is when a [[Bone fracture|fractured bone]] does not heal properly. Some ways that it shows is by having the bone being twisted, shorter, or bent. Malunions can occur by having the bones improperly aligned when immobilized, having the [[orthopedic cast|cast]] taken off too early, or never seeking medical treatment after the break.<ref name="test 6">{{cite web|title=Malunion|url=https://www.floridahospital.com/malunion|website=floridahospital.com|publisher=florida hospital|accessdate=29 March 2015}}</ref> Malunions are painful and commonly produce [[swelling (medical)|swelling]] around the area, possible immobilization, and [[:wikt:deterioration|deterioration]] of the [[bone]] and [[tissue (biology)|tissue]].<ref name="test 2">{{cite web|title=Foot and Ankle Malunion|url=http://my.clevelandclinic.org/services/orthopaedics-rheumatology/diseases-conditions/foot-ankle-fractures-malunion|website=clevelandclinic.org|accessdate=20 March 2015|ref=4}}</ref> |
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Malunions are painful and commonly produce [[swelling (medical)|swelling]] around the area, possible immobilization, and [[:wikt:deterioration|deterioration]] of the [[bone]] and [[tissue (biology)|tissue]].<ref name="test 2">{{cite web|title=Foot and Ankle Malunion|url=http://my.clevelandclinic.org/services/orthopaedics-rheumatology/diseases-conditions/foot-ankle-fractures-malunion|website=clevelandclinic.org|accessdate=20 March 2015|ref=4}}</ref> |
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==Signs and symptoms== |
==Signs and symptoms== |
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Malunions are presented by excessive swelling, twisting, bending, and possibly shortening of the bone.<ref name="test 3">{{cite web|title=Malunion Fracture|url=http://www.uofmhealth.org/medical-services/cmc/fracture/malunion|website=uofmhealth.org|accessdate=20 March 2015|ref=5}}</ref> Patients may have trouble placing weight on or near the malunion.<ref name="test 5">{{cite web|title=Malunion|url=http://www.llila.com/malunions-correction.php|website=llila.com|accessdate=20 March 2015|ref=3}}</ref> |
Malunions are presented by excessive swelling, twisting, bending, and possibly shortening of the bone.<ref name="test 3">{{cite web|title=Malunion Fracture|url=http://www.uofmhealth.org/medical-services/cmc/fracture/malunion|website=uofmhealth.org|accessdate=20 March 2015|ref=5}}</ref> Patients may have trouble placing weight on or near the malunion.<ref name="test 5">{{cite web|title=Malunion|url=http://www.llila.com/malunions-correction.php|website=llila.com|accessdate=20 March 2015|ref=3}}</ref> |
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==Diagnosis== |
==Diagnosis== |
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An [[X-ray]] is essential for the proper diagnosis of a malunion. The doctor will look into the patient’s history and the treatment process for the bone fracture. Oftentimes a [[CT scan]] and probably |
An [[X-ray]] is essential for the proper diagnosis of a malunion. The doctor will look into the patient’s history and the treatment process for the bone fracture. Oftentimes a [[CT scan]] and probably an [[MRI]] are also used in diagnosis. [[MRI]] are used to check of cartilage and ligament issues that developed due to the malunion and misalignment. [[CT scans]] are used to locate normal or abnormal structures within the body and to help during procedures to guide the placement of instruments and/or treatments.<ref name="test 3" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.medicinenet.com/cat_scan/article.htm|title=CT Scan (Computerized Tomography, CAT Scan)|website=MedicineNet|accessdate=25 March 2015}}</ref><ref name="test 7">{{cite web|title=Malunion and Nonunion of Fracture|url=http://www.mdguidelines.com/malunion-and-nonunion-of-fracture|website=mdguidelines.com|publisher=mdguidelines|accessdate=29 March 2015}}</ref> |
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==Treatment== |
==Treatment== |
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Once diagnosed and located surgery is the most common treatment for a malunion. The surgery consists |
Once diagnosed and located, surgery is the most common treatment for a malunion. The surgery consists of the surgeon re-breaking the bone and realigning it to the anatomically correct position. There are different types and levels of severity for malunions which helps determine the treatment. Most often, either screws, plates or pins are used to secure the new alignment. In some cases, the bone may be trimmed to allow full orientation at the fractured spot. It is also possible that a [[bone graft]] could be used to help with healing.{{citation needed|date=August 2021}} |
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During follow ups an [[X-ray]] or a [[CT scan]] may be used to verify that the fracture is healing properly and is now in the anatomically correct position.{{citation needed|date=August 2021}} |
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After surgery make sure not to smoke or use any nicotine products as that affects the healing process by limiting blood flow. Also, don’t use any [[NSAIDS]] (non steroidal anti-inflammatory drug) as that will also affect the blood flow and the healing to the area of fracture.<ref name="test 2" /> Do not put weight on the area where the fracture and surgery occurred until informed by your doctor and that could lead to other and future problems. After surgery and the surgical stitches are removed you will be put into a cast to complete the healing process. During follow ups an [[X-ray]] or a [[CT scan]] may be used to verify that the fracture is healing properly and is now in the anatomical correct position.<ref name="test 2" /> |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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*[[HOSMAT]] |
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*[[Monteggia fracture]] |
*[[Monteggia fracture]] |
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*[[Duverney fracture]] |
*[[Duverney fracture]] |
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*[[Clavicle fracture]] |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
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[[Category:Bone fractures]] |
[[Category:Bone fractures]] |
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Latest revision as of 08:31, 30 November 2023
| Malunion | |
|---|---|
| Specialty | Orthopedics |
A malunion is when a fractured bone does not heal properly. Some ways that it shows is by having the bone being twisted, shorter, or bent. Malunions can occur by having the bones improperly aligned when immobilized, having the cast taken off too early, or never seeking medical treatment after the break.[1] Malunions are painful and commonly produce swelling around the area, possible immobilization, and deterioration of the bone and tissue.[2]
Signs and symptoms
[edit]Malunions are presented by excessive swelling, twisting, bending, and possibly shortening of the bone.[3] Patients may have trouble placing weight on or near the malunion.[4]
Diagnosis
[edit]An X-ray is essential for the proper diagnosis of a malunion. The doctor will look into the patient’s history and the treatment process for the bone fracture. Oftentimes a CT scan and probably an MRI are also used in diagnosis. MRI are used to check of cartilage and ligament issues that developed due to the malunion and misalignment. CT scans are used to locate normal or abnormal structures within the body and to help during procedures to guide the placement of instruments and/or treatments.[3][5][6]
Treatment
[edit]Once diagnosed and located, surgery is the most common treatment for a malunion. The surgery consists of the surgeon re-breaking the bone and realigning it to the anatomically correct position. There are different types and levels of severity for malunions which helps determine the treatment. Most often, either screws, plates or pins are used to secure the new alignment. In some cases, the bone may be trimmed to allow full orientation at the fractured spot. It is also possible that a bone graft could be used to help with healing.[citation needed]
During follow ups an X-ray or a CT scan may be used to verify that the fracture is healing properly and is now in the anatomically correct position.[citation needed]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "Malunion". floridahospital.com. florida hospital. Retrieved 29 March 2015.
- ^ "Foot and Ankle Malunion". clevelandclinic.org. Retrieved 20 March 2015.
- ^ a b "Malunion Fracture". uofmhealth.org. Retrieved 20 March 2015.
- ^ "Malunion". llila.com. Retrieved 20 March 2015.
- ^ "CT Scan (Computerized Tomography, CAT Scan)". MedicineNet. Retrieved 25 March 2015.
- ^ "Malunion and Nonunion of Fracture". mdguidelines.com. mdguidelines. Retrieved 29 March 2015.