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{{Short description|Series of coordinated attacks on American computer systems}}
[[File:Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Discussion.jpg|thumb|Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Discussion]]
[[File:Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Discussion.jpg|thumb|Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Discussion]]


'''Titan Rain''' was the designation given by the [[federal government of the United States]] to a series of coordinated attacks on American [[computer]] systems since 2003; they were known to have been ongoing for at least three years.<ref name="Bodmer, Kilger 2012">{{cite book |last1=Bodmer |first1=Sean |last2=Kilger |first2=Max |last3=Carpenter |first3=Gregory |last4=Jones |first4=Jade |date=July 24, 2012 |title=[[Reverse Deception: Organized Cyber Threat Counter-Exploitation]] |place=New York |publisher=McGraw-Hill Osborne Media |isbn=0071772499}}, {{ISBN|978-0071772495}}</ref> The attacks originated in Guangdong, China.<ref>https://courses.cs.washington.edu/courses/csep590/05au/readings/titan.rain.htm</ref> The activity is believed to be associated with a state-sponsored [[advanced persistent threat]].
'''Titan Rain''' was a series of coordinated attacks on [[computer]] systems in the [[United States]] since 2003; they were known to have been ongoing for at least three years.<ref name="Bodmer, Kilger 2012">{{cite book |last1=Bodmer |first1=Sean |last2=Kilger |first2=Max |last3=Carpenter |first3=Gregory |last4=Jones |first4=Jade |date=July 24, 2012 |title=Reverse Deception: Organized Cyber Threat Counter-Exploitation |place=New York |publisher=McGraw-Hill Osborne Media |isbn=978-0071772495|title-link=Reverse Deception: Organized Cyber Threat Counter-Exploitation }}</ref> The attacks originated in [[Guangdong]], [[China]].<ref>{{cite magazine
⚫
| last = Thornburgh | first = Nathan | magazine = Time | date = 2005-08-29
⚫
| url = http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1098961,00.html
⚫
| title = The Invasion of the Chinese Cyberspies (And the Man Who Tried to Stop Them)
}}</ref> The activity is believed to be associated with a state-sponsored [[advanced persistent threat]]. It was given the designation ''Titan Rain'' by the [[federal government of the United States]].


Titan Rain hackers gained access to many United States [[defense contractor]] computer networks, which were targeted for their sensitive information,<ref name="Bodmer, Kilger 2012"/> including those at [[Lockheed Martin]], [[Sandia National Laboratories]], [[Redstone Arsenal]], and [[NASA]].
Titan Rain hackers gained access to many United States [[defense contractor]] computer networks, which were targeted for their sensitive information,<ref name="Bodmer, Kilger 2012"/> including those at [[Lockheed Martin]], [[Sandia National Laboratories]], [[Redstone Arsenal]], and [[NASA]].


== Attackers ==
== Attackers ==
⚫
{{Further|Cyberwarfare by China}}
The attacks are believed to be the result of actions by [[People’s Liberation Army]] Unit 61398.<ref>https://www.cfr.org/interactive/cyber-operations/titan-rain</ref> These hackers attacked both the US government ([[Defense Intelligence Agency]]) and the UK government ([[Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom)|Ministry of Defence]]). In 2006, an “organised Chinese hacking group” shut down a part of the UK House of Commons computer system.<ref>{{cite news |last=Norton-Taylor |first=Richard |date=September 5, 2007 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2007/sep/04/news.internet |title=Titan Rain - how Chinese hackers targeted Whitehall |newspaper=The Guardian |access-date=2018-05-10}}</ref> The Chinese government has denied responsibility.
The attacks are reported to be the result of actions by [[People's Liberation Army]] [[PLA Unit 61398|Unit 61398]].<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://www.cfr.org/interactive/cyber-operations/titan-rain |title = Connect the Dots on State-Sponsored Cyber Incidents - Titan Rain}}</ref> These hackers attacked both the US government ([[Defense Intelligence Agency]]) and the UK government ([[Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom)|Ministry of Defence]]). In 2006, an "organised Chinese hacking group" shut down a part of the UK House of Commons computer system.<ref>{{cite news |last=Norton-Taylor |first=Richard |author-link=Richard Norton-Taylor|date=September 5, 2007 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2007/sep/04/news.internet |title=Titan Rain - how Chinese hackers targeted Whitehall |newspaper=The Guardian |access-date=2018-05-10}}</ref> The Chinese government has denied responsibility.


== Consequences ==
== Consequences ==


The U.S. government has blamed the Chinese government for the 2004 attacks. Alan Paller, SANS Institute research director, stated that the attacks came from individuals with “intense discipline” and that “no other organisation could do this if they were not a military”. Such sophistication has pointed toward the People’s Liberation Army as the attackers.<ref>{{cite news |newspaper=Homeland Security News Wire |date=December 14, 2005 |url=http://www.homelandsecuritynewswire.com/lesson-titan-rain-articulate-dangers-cyber-attack-upper-management |title=The lesson of Titan Rain: Articulate the dangers of cyber attack to upper management |access-date=2018-05-10}}</ref>
The U.S. government has blamed the Chinese government for the 2004 attacks. [[Alan Paller]], [[SANS Institute]] research director, stated that the attacks came from individuals with "intense discipline" and that "no other organization could do this if they were not a military". Such sophistication has pointed toward the People's Liberation Army as the attackers.<ref>{{cite news |newspaper=Homeland Security News Wire |date=December 14, 2005 |url=http://www.homelandsecuritynewswire.com/lesson-titan-rain-articulate-dangers-cyber-attack-upper-management |title=The lesson of Titan Rain: Articulate the dangers of cyber attack to upper management |access-date=2018-05-10}}</ref>


Titan Rain reportedly attacked multiple organisations, such as NASA and the FBI. Although no classified information was reported stolen, the hackers were able to steal unclassified information (e.g., information from a home computer) that could reveal strengths and weaknesses of the United States.<ref>{{cite web |website=Dvice |date=September 22, 2010 |url=http://www.dvice.com/archives/2010/09/7_of_the_most_d.php |title=The 7 worst cyberattacks in history (that we know about)|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141112155600/http://www.dvice.com/archives/2010/09/7_of_the_most_d.php |archive-date=November 12, 2014}}</ref>
Titan Rain reportedly attacked multiple organizations, such as NASA and the [[FBI]]. Although no classified information was reported stolen, the hackers were able to steal unclassified information (e.g., information from a home computer) that could reveal strengths and weaknesses of the United States.<ref>{{cite web |website=Dvice |date=September 22, 2010 |url=http://www.dvice.com/archives/2010/09/7_of_the_most_d.php |title=The 7 worst cyberattacks in history (that we know about)|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141112155600/http://www.dvice.com/archives/2010/09/7_of_the_most_d.php |archive-date=November 12, 2014}}</ref>
[[File:The US Treasury Department.jpg|thumb|The U.S. Department of the Treasury, Washington, D.C.]]
[[File:The US Treasury Department.jpg|thumb|The U.S. Department of the Treasury, Washington, D.C.]]


Titan Rain has also caused distrust between other countries (such as the United Kingdom and Russia) and China. The United Kingdom has stated officially that Chinese hackers attacked its governmental offices. Titan Rain has caused the rest of the world to be more cautious of attacks not just from China but from other countries as well.
Titan Rain has also caused distrust between other countries (such as the United Kingdom and [[Russia]]) and China. The United Kingdom has stated officially that Chinese hackers attacked its governmental offices. Titan Rain has caused the rest of the world to be more cautious of attacks not just from China but from other countries as well.


==See also==
==See also==
*[[Shawn Carpenter]]
*[[Cyberwarfare by China]]
*[[Red Apollo]]
*[[Moonlight Maze]]
*[[Moonlight Maze]]
*[[Operation Aurora]]
*[[Operation Aurora]]
*[[Cyberwarfare]]
*[[Shawn Carpenter]]
*[[Advanced Persistent Threat]]
*[[Computer network operations]]
*[[Stakkato]]
*[[Stakkato]]


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}{{Hacking in the 2000s}}

==External links==
* {{cite web
| last = Graham | first = Bradley | work = Washington Post | date = 2005-08-25
| url = https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/08/24/AR2005082402318.html
| title = Hackers Attack Via Chinese Web Sites
}}
* {{cite web
| last = Espiner | first = Tom | work = ZDNet News
| title = Security experts lift lid on Chinese hack attacks
| url = http://news.zdnet.com/2100-1009_22-5969516.html | date = 2005-11-23
| archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20061211145201/http://news.zdnet.com/2100-1009_22-5969516.html
| archivedate = 2006-12-11
}}
* {{cite web
| last = Thornburgh | first = Nathan | work = Time.com | date = 2005-08-25
| url = http://www.time.com/time/nation/article/0,8599,1098371,00.html
| title = Inside the Chinese Hack Attack
}}
* {{cite web
⚫
| last = Thornburgh | first = Nathan | work = Time | date = 2005-08-29
⚫
| url = http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1098961-1,00.html
⚫
| title = The Invasion of the Chinese Cyberspies (And the Man Who Tried to Stop Them)
}}
*{{ cite web
| last = Brenner | first = Bill | work = SearchSecurity.com | date = 2005-08-31
| url = http://searchsecurity.techtarget.com/news/1120855/Myfips-Titan-Rain-connection
| title = Myfip's Titan Rain connection
}}
* {{cite web
| last1 = Onley | first1 = Dawn S. | last2 = Wait | first2 = Patience
| url = http://gcn.com/articles/2006/08/17/red-storm-rising.aspx
| title = Red Storm Rising | work = Government Computing News | date = 2007-08-21
}}
*{{ cite web
| last = Norton-Taylor | first = Richard | work = theguardian.com| date = 2007-09-05
| url = https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2007/sep/04/news.internet
| title = Titan Rain - how Chinese hackers targeted Whitehall
}}
*{{ cite web
| last = Winkler | first = Ian | work = computerworld.com| date = 2005-10-20
| url = http://www.computerworld.com/article/2559195/security0/guard-against-titan-rain-hackers.html
| title = Guard against Titan Rain hackers
}}

{{Hacking in the 2000s}}


[[Category:Hacker groups]]
[[Category:Hacker groups]]
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[[Category:National security]]
[[Category:National security]]
[[Category:Information sensitivity]]
[[Category:Information sensitivity]]
[[Category:Computer security]]
[[Category:Data security]]
[[Category:Data security]]
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[[Category:Information operations and warfare]]
[[Category:21st-century conflicts]]
[[Category:21st-century conflicts]]
[[Category:Electronic warfare]]
[[Category:Electronic warfare]]
[[Category:Cyberattacks]]
[[Category:Cyberattacks]]
[[Category:Advanced persistent threat]]
[[Category:Cyberwarfare by China]]
⚫
[[Category:Cyberwarfare in China]]
[[Category:Hacking in the 2000s]]
[[Category:Hacking in the 2000s]]
[[Category:Chinese advanced persistent threat groups]]
⚫
[[Category:Chinese information operations and information warfare]]

Latest revision as of 13:35, 2 November 2023

Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Discussion

Titan Rain was a series of coordinated attacks on computer systems in the United States since 2003; they were known to have been ongoing for at least three years.[1] The attacks originated in Guangdong, China.[2] The activity is believed to be associated with a state-sponsored advanced persistent threat. It was given the designation Titan Rain by the federal government of the United States.

Titan Rain hackers gained access to many United States defense contractor computer networks, which were targeted for their sensitive information,[1] including those at Lockheed Martin, Sandia National Laboratories, Redstone Arsenal, and NASA.

Attackers

[edit]
Further information: Cyberwarfare by China

The attacks are reported to be the result of actions by People's Liberation Army Unit 61398.[3] These hackers attacked both the US government (Defense Intelligence Agency) and the UK government (Ministry of Defence). In 2006, an "organised Chinese hacking group" shut down a part of the UK House of Commons computer system.[4] The Chinese government has denied responsibility.

Consequences

[edit]

The U.S. government has blamed the Chinese government for the 2004 attacks. Alan Paller, SANS Institute research director, stated that the attacks came from individuals with "intense discipline" and that "no other organization could do this if they were not a military". Such sophistication has pointed toward the People's Liberation Army as the attackers.[5]

Titan Rain reportedly attacked multiple organizations, such as NASA and the FBI. Although no classified information was reported stolen, the hackers were able to steal unclassified information (e.g., information from a home computer) that could reveal strengths and weaknesses of the United States.[6]

The U.S. Department of the Treasury, Washington, D.C.

Titan Rain has also caused distrust between other countries (such as the United Kingdom and Russia) and China. The United Kingdom has stated officially that Chinese hackers attacked its governmental offices. Titan Rain has caused the rest of the world to be more cautious of attacks not just from China but from other countries as well.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Bodmer, Sean; Kilger, Max; Carpenter, Gregory; Jones, Jade (July 24, 2012). Reverse Deception: Organized Cyber Threat Counter-Exploitation. New York: McGraw-Hill Osborne Media. ISBN 978-0071772495.
  2. ^ Thornburgh, Nathan (2005-08-29). "The Invasion of the Chinese Cyberspies (And the Man Who Tried to Stop Them)". Time.
  3. ^ "Connect the Dots on State-Sponsored Cyber Incidents - Titan Rain".
  4. ^ Norton-Taylor, Richard (September 5, 2007). "Titan Rain - how Chinese hackers targeted Whitehall". The Guardian. Retrieved 2018-05-10.
  5. ^ "The lesson of Titan Rain: Articulate the dangers of cyber attack to upper management". Homeland Security News Wire. December 14, 2005. Retrieved 2018-05-10.
  6. ^ "The 7 worst cyberattacks in history (that we know about)". Dvice. September 22, 2010. Archived from the original on November 12, 2014.
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