Opiliones penis: Difference between revisions

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The penis of the Opiliones (harvestmen) is an intromittent organ that is not present in other arachnids. It consists of a long shaft (the truncus) and a terminal capsule called a glans, containing a stylus and ejaculatory duct. It may have from one to three muscles, or none as in the specialized lineage Grassatores, where the penis is operated by haemolymph pressure. In some members of the Cyphophthalmi, the structure has been termed a "spermatopositor".^[1]

This denomination refers to a superficial similarity (analogy) with vertebrate penises and does not have any phylogenetic relationship with it.

References

^ Ricardo Pinto-da-Rocha; Glauco Machado; Gonzalo Giribet, eds. (2006). "Morphology and Functional Anatomy". Harvestmen: the Biology of Opiliones. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. pp. 59–60. ISBN 0-674-02343-9.

External links

Opiliones reproductive anatomy- Dr. Jefferey Schultz, University of Maryland
Harvestman Spider penis, Thelbunus mirabilus - Australian Museum

This harvestmen-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

[1] Ricardo Pinto-da-Rocha; Glauco Machado; Gonzalo Giribet, eds. (2006). "Morphology and Functional Anatomy". Harvestmen: the Biology of Opiliones. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. pp. 59–60. ISBN 0-674-02343-9.

[1]

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+[[File:Britannica Harvester.png|thumb|300px|Anatomy of ''Phalangium cornutum''. d, Sheath of penis. e, penis.
-The penis of the [[Opiliones]] (harvestmen) is an [[intromittent organ]] that is not present in other [[arachnid]]s. It consists of a long shaft (the truncus) and a terminal capsule called a [[glans]], containing a [[stylus]] and ejaculatory duct. It may have from one to three muscles, or none as in the specialized lineage [[Grassatores]], where the penis is operated by [[haemolymph]] pressure. In some members of the [[Cyphophthalmi]], the structure has been termed a "spermatopositor".<ref>{{cite book|authors=Ricardo Pinto-da-Rocha, Glauco Machado, Gonzalo Giribet (eds).|title=Harvestmen: the Biology of Opiliones|year=2006|publisher=Harvard University Press|location=Cambridge, MA|isbn=0674023439|pages=59-60|chapter=Morphology and Functional Anatomy}}</ref>
+f, glans.]]
+The penis of the [[Opiliones]] (harvestmen) is an [[intromittent organ]] that is not present in other [[arachnid]]s. It consists of a long shaft (the truncus) and a terminal capsule called a [[glans]], containing a [[stylus]] and ejaculatory duct. It may have from one to three muscles, or none as in the specialized lineage [[Grassatores]], where the penis is operated by [[haemolymph]] pressure. In some members of the [[Cyphophthalmi]], the structure has been termed a "spermatopositor".<ref>{{cite book |editor=Ricardo Pinto-da-Rocha |editor2=Glauco Machado |editor3=Gonzalo Giribet |title=Harvestmen: the Biology of Opiliones|year=2006|publisher=Harvard University Press|location=Cambridge, MA|isbn=0-674-02343-9|pages=59–60|chapter=Morphology and Functional Anatomy}}</ref>
 This denomination refers to a superficial similarity ([[analogy]]) with [[vertebrate]] [[penis]]es and does not have any [[phylogenetic]] relationship with it.
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 ==External links==
-*[http://entomology.umd.edu/research/fall2013colloquium/jeffshultz Opiliones reproductive anatomy]- Dr. Jefferey Schultz, University of Maryland
+*[https://web.archive.org/web/20140201230943/http://entomology.umd.edu/research/fall2013colloquium/jeffshultz Opiliones reproductive anatomy]- Dr. Jefferey Schultz, University of Maryland
 *[http://australianmuseum.net.au/image/Harvestman-Spider-penis-Thelbunus-mirabilus-SEM Harvestman Spider penis, ''Thelbunus mirabilus''] - Australian Museum
 {{Opiliones-stub}}
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 [[Category:Arachnid anatomy]]
 [[Category:Harvestmen]]
-[[Category:Animal penises]]
+[[Category:Sex organs]]
+[[Category:Penis]]