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{{NZelectorateShortDesc|current=no|type=general|region=}}
'''Raglan''' is a former New Zealand parliamentary [[New Zealand electorates|electorate]]. It existed for three periods between 1861 and 1996 and during that time, it was represented by 13 [[Member of Parliament|Members of Parliament]].
{{Use New Zealand English|date=April 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2020}}
'''Raglan''' is a former New Zealand parliamentary [[New Zealand electorates|electorate]]. It existed for three periods between 1861 and 1996 and during that time, it was represented by 13 [[Member of parliament|Members of Parliament]].


==Population centres==
==Population centres==
In the 1860 electoral redistribution, the [[House of Representatives of New Zealand|House of Representatives]] increased the number of representatives by 12, reflecting the immense population growth since the original electorates were established in 1853. The redistribution created 15 additional electorates with between one and three members, and Raglan was one of the single-member electorates.{{sfn|McRobie|1989|p=35}} It was created by splitting the {{NZ electorate link|Southern Division}} electorate into two areas, and the eastern part was called {{NZ electorate link|Franklin}}, while the western part was called Raglan.{{sfn|McRobie|1989|pp=28, 32}} The electorates were distributed to [[Provinces of New Zealand|provinces]] so that every province had at least two members. Within each province, the number of registered electors by electorate varied greatly.{{sfn|McRobie|1989|p=35}} The Raglan electorate had 482 registered electors for the 1861 election.{{sfn|McRobie|1989|p=33}}
In the 1860 electoral redistribution, the [[New Zealand House of Representatives|House of Representatives]] increased the number of representatives by 12, reflecting the immense population growth since the original electorates were established in 1853. The redistribution created 15 additional electorates with between one and three members, and Raglan was one of the single-member electorates.{{sfn|McRobie|1989|p=35}} It was created by splitting the {{NZ electorate link|Southern Division}} electorate into two areas, and the eastern part was called {{NZ electorate link|Franklin}}, while the western part was called Raglan.{{sfn|McRobie|1989|pp=28, 32}} The electorates were distributed to [[Provinces of New Zealand|provinces]] so that every province had at least two members. Within each province, the number of registered electors by electorate varied greatly.{{sfn|McRobie|1989|p=35}} The Raglan electorate had 482 registered electors for the 1861 election.{{sfn|McRobie|1989|p=33}} In 1861 it was named Raglan, but that town had the only polling station between the southern boundary of the [[Mokau River]]<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=NZ18610130.2.30&srpos=185&zto=1|title=Statutes of New Zealand.|date=1861-01-30|work=New Zealander|pages=6|access-date=2016-04-05}}</ref> and [[Waiuku]], the majority being in the Auckland suburbs.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=NZ18610209.2.5&srpos=190&zto=1|title=Local Memoranda.|date=1861-02-09|work=New Zealander|pages=2|access-date=2016-04-05}}</ref> The northern boundary was close to the centre of Auckland, bordering on [[Newton, New Zealand|Newton]] District.<ref name=":0" /> The southern boundary was the [[Mokau River]] and the eastern, the [[Great South Road, New Zealand|Great South Road]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=THE NEW ZEALAND OFFICIAL YEAR-BOOK 1864|url=https://www3.stats.govt.nz/historic_publications/1864-statistics-NZ/1864-statistics-NZ.html?_ga=2.89221019.1641771531.1607317145-1553930732.1594919571#idchapter_1_3111|access-date=2020-12-07|website=www3.stats.govt.nz}}</ref>


The Raglan electorate was on the West coast of the [[Waikato region]], and was based on the small town of [[Raglan, New Zealand|Raglan]].
The Raglan electorate was on the West coast of the [[Waikato]] region, and was based on the small town of [[Raglan, New Zealand|Raglan]].


In the 1911 electoral redistribution, the [[North Island]] gained a further seat from the [[South Island]] due to faster population growth. In addition, there were substantial population movements within each island, and significant changes resulted from this. Only four electorates were unaltered, five electorates were abolished, one former electorate was re-established (Raglan), and four electorates were created for the first time.{{sfn|McRobie|1989|pp=71–76}}
In the 1911 electoral redistribution, the [[North Island]] gained a further seat from the [[South Island]] due to faster population growth. In addition, there were substantial population movements within each island, and significant changes resulted from this. Only four electorates were unaltered, five electorates were abolished, one former electorate was re-established (Raglan), and four electorates were created for the first time.{{sfn|McRobie|1989|pp=71–76}} Raglan was created by the Franklin electorate moving north, and the {{NZ electorate link|Waikato}} electorate moving south.{{sfn|McRobie|1989|pp=70, 74}}

The 1981 census had shown that the North Island had experienced further population growth, and three additional general seats were created through the 1983 electoral redistribution, bringing the total number of electorates to 95.{{sfn|McRobie|1989|pp=123f}} The South Island had, for the first time, experienced a population loss, but its number of general electorates was fixed at 25 since the 1967 electoral redistribution.{{sfn|McRobie|1989|pp=111, 123}} More of the South Island population was moving to [[Christchurch]], and two electorates were abolished, while two electorates were recreated. In the North Island, six electorates were newly created, three electorates were recreated (including Raglan), and six electorates were abolished.{{sfn|McRobie|1989|pp=119–124}}


==History==
==History==
Line 18: Line 23:
'''Key'''
'''Key'''


{{Party index link|Independent (politician)}}
{{Party index link|Independent politician}}
{{Party index link|New Zealand Reform Party}}
{{Party index link|Reform Party (New Zealand)}}
{{Party index link|New Zealand Labour Party}}
{{Party index link|New Zealand Labour Party}}
{{Party index link|New Zealand National Party}}
{{Party index link|New Zealand National Party}}
Line 28: Line 33:
| width=230 colspan=2|'''Winner'''
| width=230 colspan=2|'''Winner'''
|-
|-
| [[New Zealand general election, 1860–61|1861 election]]
| [[1860–1861 New Zealand general election|1861 election]]
| width=5 rowspan=1 bgcolor={{Independent (politician)/meta/color}} |
| width=5 rowspan=1 bgcolor={{party color|Independent politician}} |
| [[Charles John Taylor]]
| [[Charles John Taylor]]
|-
|-
| | {{By-election link small|Raglan|1865}}
| | {{By-election link small|Raglan|1865}}
| rowspan=1 bgcolor={{Independent (politician)/meta/color}} |
| rowspan=1 bgcolor={{party color|Independent politician}} |
| rowspan=1 | [[William Thorne Buckland]]
| rowspan=1 | [[William Buckland (politician)|William Buckland]]
|-
|-
| [[New Zealand general election, 1866|1866 election]]
| [[1866 New Zealand general election|1866 election]]
| rowspan=1 bgcolor={{Independent (politician)/meta/color}} |
| rowspan=1 bgcolor={{party color|Independent politician}} |
| rowspan=1 | [[Joseph Newman (politician)|Joseph Newman]] <ref name="1866 general elections">{{cite news |title=The Elections |url= http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&d=OW18660324.2.25 |accessdate=12 July 2010 |newspaper=[[Otago Witness]] |date=24 March 1866 |issue=747 |page=11}}</ref>
| rowspan=1 | [[Joseph Newman (politician)|Joseph Newman]]<ref name="1866 general elections">{{cite news |title=The Elections |url= https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&d=OW18660324.2.25 |access-date=12 July 2010 |work=[[Otago Witness]] |date=24 March 1866 |issue=747 |page=11}}</ref>
|-
|-
| {{By-election link small|Raglan|1867}}
| {{By-election link small|Raglan|1867}}
| bgcolor={{Independent (politician)/meta/color}} |
| bgcolor={{party color|Independent politician}} |
| [[James Farmer (politician)|James Farmer]]
| [[James Farmer (politician)|James Farmer]]
|-
|-
Line 47: Line 52:
|-
|-
| {{NZ election link|1911}}
| {{NZ election link|1911}}
| rowspan=5 bgcolor={{New Zealand Reform Party/meta/color}} |
| rowspan=5 bgcolor={{party color|Reform Party (New Zealand)}} |
| rowspan=5 | [[Richard Bollard]]
| rowspan=5 | [[Richard Bollard]]
|-
|-
Line 59: Line 64:
|-
|-
| {{By-election link small|Raglan|1927}}
| {{By-election link small|Raglan|1927}}
| rowspan=2 bgcolor={{New Zealand Labour Party/meta/color}} |
| rowspan=2 bgcolor={{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}} |
| rowspan=2 | [[Lee Martin (politician)|Lee Martin]]
| rowspan=2 | [[Lee Martin (politician)|Lee Martin]]
|-
|-
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|-
|-
| {{NZ election link|1931}}
| {{NZ election link|1931}}
| bgcolor={{New Zealand Reform Party/meta/color}} |
| bgcolor={{party color|Reform Party (New Zealand)}} |
| [[Stewart Reid]]
| [[Stewart Reid]]
|-
|-
| {{NZ election link|1935}}
| {{NZ election link|1935}}
| rowspan=2 bgcolor={{New Zealand Labour Party/meta/color}} |
| rowspan=2 bgcolor={{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}} |
| rowspan=2 | Lee Martin (2nd period)
| rowspan=2 | Lee Martin (2nd period)
|-
|-
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|-
|-
| {{NZ election link|1943}}
| {{NZ election link|1943}}
| bgcolor={{New Zealand Labour Party/meta/color}} |
| bgcolor={{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}} |
| [[Robert Coulter (New Zealand politician)|Robert Coulter]]
| [[Robert Coulter (New Zealand politician)|Robert Coulter]]
|-
|-
| {{By-election link small|Raglan|1946}}
| {{By-election link small|Raglan|1946}}
| bgcolor={{New Zealand National Party/meta/color}} |
| bgcolor={{party color|New Zealand National Party}} |
| [[Hallyburton Johnstone]]
| [[Hallyburton Johnstone]]
|-
|-
| {{NZ election link|1946}}
| {{NZ election link|1946}}
| bgcolor={{New Zealand Labour Party/meta/color}} |
| bgcolor={{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}} |
| [[Alan Baxter (politician)|Alan Baxter]]
| [[Alan Baxter (politician)|Alan Baxter]]
|-
|-
| {{NZ election link|1949}}
| {{NZ election link|1949}}
| rowspan=3 bgcolor={{New Zealand National Party/meta/color}} |
| rowspan=3 bgcolor={{party color|New Zealand National Party}} |
| rowspan=3 | Hallyburton Johnstone (2nd period)
| rowspan=3 | Hallyburton Johnstone (2nd period)
|-
|-
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|-
|-
| {{NZ election link|1957}}
| {{NZ election link|1957}}
| rowspan=6 bgcolor={{New Zealand National Party/meta/color}} |
| rowspan=6 bgcolor={{party color|New Zealand National Party}} |
| rowspan=6 | [[Douglas Carter]]
| rowspan=6 | [[Douglas Carter]]
|-
|-
Line 109: Line 114:
|-
|-
| {{NZ election link|1975}}
| {{NZ election link|1975}}
| bgcolor={{New Zealand National Party/meta/color}} |
| bgcolor={{party color|New Zealand National Party}} |
| [[Marilyn Waring]]
| [[Marilyn Waring]]
|-
|-
Line 115: Line 120:
|-
|-
| {{NZ election link|1984}}
| {{NZ election link|1984}}
| rowspan=4 bgcolor={{New Zealand National Party/meta/color}} |
| rowspan=4 bgcolor={{party color|New Zealand National Party}} |
| rowspan=4 | [[Simon Upton]]
| rowspan=4 | [[Simon Upton]]
|-
|-
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| {{NZ election link|1993}}
| {{NZ election link|1993}}
|-
|-
|colspan=3 align=center|<small>(Abolished in 1996)</small>
|colspan=3 align=center|<small>(Electorate abolished in 1996; see {{NZ electorate link|Port Waikato}})</small>
|}
|}


==Election results==
==Election results==
===1938 election===


===1946 election===
{{Election box begin | title=[[New Zealand general election, 1938|General election, 1938]]: Raglan<ref name="1938 election">{{cite web
{{Election box begin | title=[[1946 New Zealand general election|1946 general election]]: Raglan<ref>{{cite web |title=The General Election, 1946 |url= http://www.atojs.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/atojs?a=d&cl=search&d=AJHR1947-I.2.4.2.38 |publisher=[[National Library of New Zealand|National Library]] |access-date=1 January 2014 |pages=1–11, 14 |year=1947}}</ref>
}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link
|party = New Zealand Labour Party
|candidate = [[Alan Baxter (politician)|Alan Baxter]]
|votes = 6,821
|percentage = 49.17
|change = +0.74
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = New Zealand National Party
|candidate = [[Hallyburton Johnstone]]
|votes = 6,808
|percentage = 49.08
|change = -2.49
}}
{{Election box informal
|votes = 241
|percentage = 1.73
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority
|votes = 13
|percentage = 0.09
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout
|votes = 13,870
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box end}}

In an electoral court ruling Baxter gained 2 votes while losing 83, while Johnstone lost 61 votes from the original result.{{sfn|Norton|1988|p=323}}

===1946 by-election===
{{Raglan by-election, 1946}}

===1943 election===
{{Election box begin | title=[[1943 New Zealand general election|1943 general election]]: Raglan<ref>{{cite news | title=Electoral | url= https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/NZH19431211.2.44.1 | access-date=16 May 2017 | work=[[The New Zealand Herald]] | volume=80 | issue=24764 | date=11 December 1943 | page=6}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title = The General Election, 1943 |url = https://atojs.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/atojs?a=d&cl=search&d=AJHR1944-I.2.2.5.37 |publisher = National Library |access-date = 28 March 2014 |page = 11 |year = 1944}}</ref>
}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link
|party = New Zealand Labour Party
|candidate = [[Robert Coulter (New Zealand politician)|Robert Coulter]]
|votes = 4,817
|percentage = 47.99
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = New Zealand National Party
|candidate = Robert James Glasgow
|votes = 4,709
|percentage = 46.92
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Democratic Labour Party (New Zealand)
|candidate = Alwyn Temple Dillon
|votes = 289
|percentage = 2.87
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Real Democracy Movement
|candidate = Stanley Burton
|votes = 221
|percentage = 2.20
|change =
}}
{{Election box informal
|votes = 90
|percentage = 0.89
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority
|votes = 108
|percentage = 1.07
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout
|votes = 10,036
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===1938 election===
{{Election box begin | title=[[1938 New Zealand general election|1938 general election]]: Raglan<ref name="1938 election">{{cite web
|title = The General Election, 1938
|title = The General Election, 1938
|url = http://atojs.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/atojs?a=d&d=AJHR1939-I.2.3.2.36
|url = https://atojs.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/atojs?a=d&d=AJHR1939-I.2.3.2.36
|publisher = National Library
|publisher = National Library
|accessdate = 30 November 2014
|access-date = 30 November 2014
|page = 4
|page = 4
|year = 1939
|year = 1939
}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Electoral |url= http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=NZH19381029.2.218.6 |accessdate=30 November 2014 |work=[[The New Zealand Herald]] |volume=LXXV |issue=23181 |date=29 October 1938 |page=25}}</ref>
}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Electoral |url= https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=NZH19381029.2.218.6 |access-date=30 November 2014 |work=[[The New Zealand Herald]] |volume=LXXV |issue=23181 |date=29 October 1938 |page=25}}</ref>
}}
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
{{Election box winning candidate with party link
|party = New Zealand Labour Party
|party = New Zealand Labour Party
|candidate = [[Lee Martin (politician)|Lee Martin]]
|candidate = [[Lee Martin (politician)|Lee Martin]]
Line 148: Line 240:
{{Election box candidate with party link
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = New Zealand National Party
|party = New Zealand National Party
|candidate = [[Andrew Sutherland]]
|candidate = [[Andy Sutherland]]
|votes = 4,458
|votes = 4,458
|percentage = 46.27
|percentage = 46.27
Line 154: Line 246:
}}
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Independent politician
|party = Country Party (New Zealand)
|candidate = Albert James Gallichan
|candidate = Albert James Gallichan
|votes = 115
|votes = 115
Line 180: Line 272:
{{Election box end}}
{{Election box end}}


===1931 election===
===1935 election===
{{Election box begin | title=[[1935 New Zealand general election|1935 general election]]: Raglan<ref name="The General Election 1935">{{cite book |title=The General Election, 1935 |year=1936 |publisher=National Library |pages = 1–35 |url= https://atojs.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/atojs?a=d&cl=search&d=AJHR1936-I.2.3.2.33&srpos=167 |access-date=3 August 2013}}</ref>

{{Election box begin | title=[[New Zealand general election, 1931|General election, 1931]]: Raglan<ref name="1931 election">{{cite book |title=The General Election, 1931 |year=1932 |publisher=Government Printer |url= http://atojs.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/atojs?a=d&d=AJHR1932-I-II.2.3.2.31 |page=4 |accessdate=2 November 2014}}</ref>
}}
}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link
|party = New Zealand Labour Party
|candidate = [[Lee Martin (politician)|Lee Martin]]
|votes = 5,148
|percentage = 55.48
|change = +10.81
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = New Zealand Reform Party
|party = Reform Party (New Zealand)
|candidate = [[Stewart Reid]]
|votes = 3,453
|percentage = 37.21
|change = -18.12
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = New Zealand Democrat Party (1934)
|candidate = J H Potter
|votes = 581
|percentage = 6.26
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Independent politician
|candidate = H Hampton
|votes = 96
|percentage = 1.03
|change =
}}
{{Election box informal
|votes = 97
|percentage = 1.04
|change = +0.37
}}
{{Election box majority
|votes = 1,695
|percentage = 18.26
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout
|votes = 9,278
|percentage = 89.78
|change = +9.38
}}
{{Election box Registered electors
|reg. electors = 10,334
}}
{{Election box end}}

===1931 election===
{{Election box begin | title=[[1931 New Zealand general election|1931 general election]]: Raglan<ref name="1931 election">{{cite book |title=The General Election, 1931 |year=1932 |publisher=Government Printer |url= https://atojs.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/atojs?a=d&d=AJHR1932-I-II.2.3.2.31 |page=4 |access-date=2 November 2014}}</ref>
}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link
|party = Reform Party (New Zealand)
|candidate = [[Stewart Reid]]
|candidate = [[Stewart Reid]]
|votes = 4,180
|votes = 4,180
Line 218: Line 360:
{{Election box end}}
{{Election box end}}


===1925 election===
===1928 election===


{{Election box begin | title=[[New Zealand general election, 1925|General election, 1925]]: Raglan<ref name="1925 election">{{cite book |title=The General Election, 1925 |year=1926 |publisher=Government Printer |url= http://atojs.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/atojs?a=d&d=AJHR1926-I.2.2.6.39 |page=2 |accessdate=20 November 2014}}</ref>
{{Election box begin | title=[[1928 New Zealand general election|1928 general election]]: Raglan<ref name="1928 election">{{cite book |last=Skinner | first=W. A. G. |title=The General Election, 1928 |year=1929 |publisher=Government Printer |url= https://atojs.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/atojs?a=d&cl=search&d=AJHR1929-I.2.3.2.37 |page=4 |access-date=19 February 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=General election : date drawing nearer |url= https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/FRTIM19281029.2.17 |access-date=19 February 2020 |work=Franklin Times |volume=XVIII |issue=124 |date=29 October 1928 |page=5}}</ref>
}}
}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link
|party = New Zealand Labour Party
|candidate = [[Lee Martin (politician)|Lee Martin]]
|votes = 4,206
|percentage = 55.44
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = New Zealand Reform Party
|party = Reform Party (New Zealand)
|candidate = Walter Seavill
|votes = 3,165
|percentage = 41.72
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Independent Reform
|candidate = William Brown
|votes = 216
|percentage = 2.85
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority
|votes = 1,041
|percentage = 13.72
|change =
}}
{{Election box informal
|votes = 113
|percentage = 1.47
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout
|votes = 7,700
|percentage = 86.38
|change =
}}
{{Election box Registered electors
|reg. electors = 8,914
}}
{{Election box end}}

===1927 by-election===
{{Raglan by-election, 1927}}
Waring (Reform) was the great-grandfather of [[Marilyn Waring]].

===1925 election===
{{Election box begin | title=[[1925 New Zealand general election|1925 general election]]: Raglan<ref name="1925 election">{{cite book |title=The General Election, 1925 |year=1926 |publisher=Government Printer |url= https://atojs.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/atojs?a=d&d=AJHR1926-I.2.2.6.39 |page=2 |access-date=20 November 2014}}</ref>
}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link
|party = Reform Party (New Zealand)
|candidate = [[Richard Bollard]]
|candidate = [[Richard Bollard]]
|votes = 4,470
|votes = 4,470
Line 231: Line 421:
{{Election box candidate with party link
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = New Zealand Labour Party
|party = New Zealand Labour Party
|candidate = Ernest Piggott<ref>{{cite news |title=Labour in Raglan |url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=NZH19251015.2.128 |accessdate=20 December 2014 |work=[[The New Zealand Herald]] |volume=LXII |issue=19149 |date=15 October 1925 |page=14}}</ref>
|candidate = Ernest Piggott<ref>{{cite news |title=Labour in Raglan |url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=NZH19251015.2.128 |access-date=20 December 2014 |work=[[The New Zealand Herald]] |volume=LXII |issue=19149 |date=15 October 1925 |page=14}}</ref>
|votes = 1,614
|votes = 1,614
|percentage = 22.20
|percentage = 22.20
Line 238: Line 428:
{{Election box candidate with party link
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = New Zealand Liberal Party
|party = New Zealand Liberal Party
|candidate = Samuel Charles Gale Lye<ref>{{cite news |title=Election Candidates |url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=NZH19280507.2.96 |accessdate=20 December 2014 |work=[[The New Zealand Herald]] |volume=LXV |issue=19939 |date=7 May 1928 |page=10}}</ref>
|candidate = Samuel Charles Gale Lye<ref>{{cite news |title=Election Candidates |url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=NZH19280507.2.96 |access-date=20 December 2014 |work=[[The New Zealand Herald]] |volume=LXV |issue=19939 |date=7 May 1928 |page=10}}</ref>
|votes = 965
|votes = 965
|percentage = 13.27
|percentage = 13.27
Line 245: Line 435:
{{Election box candidate with party link
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Country Party (New Zealand)
|party = Country Party (New Zealand)
|candidate = Robert Dickinson Duxfield<ref>{{cite news |title=Waikato Farmer |url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=NZH19380427.2.156 |accessdate=20 December 2014 |work=[[The New Zealand Herald]] |volume=LXXV |issue=23022 |date=27 April 1938 |page=17}}</ref>
|candidate = Robert Dickinson Duxfield<ref>{{cite news |title=Waikato Farmer |url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=NZH19380427.2.156 |access-date=20 December 2014 |work=[[The New Zealand Herald]] |volume=LXXV |issue=23022 |date=27 April 1938 |page=17}}</ref>
|votes = 222
|votes = 222
|percentage = 3.05
|percentage = 3.05
Line 269: Line 459:
}}
}}
{{Election box end}}
{{Election box end}}

=== 1922 election===
{{Election box begin | title=[[1922 New Zealand general election|1922 general election]]:<ref>{{Cite web|date=14 Dec 1922|title=THE POLITICAL OUTLOOK. WAIKATO TIMES|url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/WT19221214.2.30|access-date=2022-01-08|website=paperspast.natlib.govt.nz}}</ref>
}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link
|party = Reform Party (New Zealand)
|candidate = [[Richard Bollard]]
|votes = 3,494
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=New Zealand Liberal Party|candidate=Samuel Charles Gale Lye|votes=2,718|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=New Zealand Labour Party|candidate=E. Piggott|votes=99|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=|candidate=|votes=|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box majority|votes=776|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box informal
|votes = 139
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|votes=|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box Registered electors
|reg. electors =
}}
{{Election box end}}

=== 1919 election===
{{Election box begin | title=[[1919 New Zealand general election|1914 general election]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=27 Dec 1919|title=NEW ZEALAND HERALD|url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/NZH19191227.2.141.1|access-date=2022-01-08|website=paperspast.natlib.govt.nz}}</ref>
}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Reform Party (New Zealand)
|candidate = [[Richard Bollard]]
|votes = 2,888
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=Independent politician |candidate=Campbell Johnstone|votes=756|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=New Zealand Labour Party|candidate=[[Bill Jordan (politician)|Bill Jordan]]|votes=1,900|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box majority|votes=988|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box informal
|votes = 64
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|votes=5,608|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box Registered electors
|reg. electors =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===1914 election===
{{Election box begin | title=[[1914 New Zealand general election|1914 general election]]<ref name="General Election, 1914">{{cite book |first1=J. |last1=Hislop |title=The General Election, 1914 |url= https://atojs.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/atojs?a=d&d=AJHR1915-I.2.3.2.36 |publisher=[[National Library of New Zealand|National Library]] |access-date=1 August 2013 |pages=1–33 | year=1915}}</ref>
}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Reform Party (New Zealand)
|candidate = [[Richard Bollard]]
|votes = 4,002
|percentage = 60.16
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = New Zealand Liberal Party
|candidate = William Thompson
|votes = 2,554
|percentage = 38.39
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Social Democratic Party (New Zealand)
|candidate = John Furniss
|votes = 96
|percentage = 1.44
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority
|votes = 2,552
|percentage = 38.36
|change =
}}
{{Election box informal
|votes = 83
|percentage = 1.24
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout
|votes = 6,652
|percentage = 89.96
|change =
}}
{{Election box Registered electors
|reg. electors = 7,394
}}
{{Election box end}}

===1911 election===

{{Election box begin | title=[[1911 New Zealand general election|1911 general election]]: Raglan, [[Second Ballot Act 1908|first ballot]]{{sfn|AtoJs 1911 election|1912|p=2}}
}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link
|party = Reform Party (New Zealand)
|candidate = [[Richard Bollard]]
|votes = 2,435
|percentage = 46.02
|change =
}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link
|party = Reform Party (New Zealand)
|candidate = [[Allen Bell]]
|votes = 894
|percentage = 16.90
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = New Zealand Liberal Party
|candidate = James Charles Dromgool
|votes = 750
|percentage = 14.18
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = New Zealand Liberal Party
|candidate = William Duncan
|votes = 742
|percentage = 14.02
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Independent Liberal
|candidate = Basil Hewett<ref>{{cite news|title=Political|url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=WT19111107.2.7 |access-date=25 April 2015 |work=[[Waikato Times]] |issue=12124|date=7 November 1911|page=4}}</ref>
|votes = 470
|percentage = 8.88
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority
|votes = 1,541
|percentage = 29.12
|change =
}}
{{Election box informal
|votes = 99
|percentage = 1.84
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout
|votes = 5,390
|percentage = 82.01
|change =
}}
{{Election box Registered electors
|reg. electors = 6,572
}}
{{Election box end}}

{{Election box begin | title=[[1911 New Zealand general election|1911 general election]]: Raglan, [[Second Ballot Act 1908|second ballot]]{{sfn|AtoJs 1911 election|1912|p=6}}
}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link
|party = Reform Party (New Zealand)
|candidate = [[Richard Bollard]]
|votes = 2,782
|percentage = 59.89
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Reform Party (New Zealand)
|candidate = [[Allen Bell]]{{refn|group=nb|[[Richard Bollard]] was the official candidate endorsed by the Reform Party; [[Allen Bell]] was an unofficial candidate who also stood for the Reform Party.<ref>{{cite news|title=Next Thursday's Poll|url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=NZH19111204.2.30|access-date=26 April 2015|work=[[The New Zealand Herald]]|volume=XLVIII|issue=14854|date=4 December 1911|page=7}}</ref>}}
|votes = 1,863
|percentage = 40.11
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority
|votes = 919
|percentage = 19.78
|change =
}}
{{Election box informal
|votes = 20
|percentage = 0.43
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout
|votes = 4,665
|percentage = 70.98
|change =
}}
{{Election box Registered electors
|reg. electors = 6,572
}}
{{Election box end}}

Table footnotes:
{{Reflist|group=nb}}

===1867 by-election===
{{1867 Raglan by-election}}


==Notes==
==Notes==
{{Reflist|30em}}
{{Reflist}}


==References==
==References==
*{{cite book |ref=harv |title=Electoral Atlas of New Zealand |last=McRobie |first=Alan |year=1989 |publisher=GP Books |location=Wellington |isbn=0-477-01384-8}}
*{{cite book |title=Electoral Atlas of New Zealand |last=McRobie |first=Alan |year=1989 |publisher=GP Books |location=Wellington |isbn=0-477-01384-8}}
*{{cite book |ref={{sfnRef|AtoJs 1911 election|1912}} |last=Mansfield |first=F. W. |title=The General Election, 1911 |url= https://atojs.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/atojs?a=d&d=AJHR1909-II.2.5.2.12 |publisher=[[National Library of New Zealand|National Library]] |access-date=25 April 2015 | year=1912}}
*{{cite book |ref= harv |last= Wilson |first= James Oakley |title= New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984 |edition= 4th |origyear=First published in 1913 |year= 1985 |publisher= V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer |location= Wellington |oclc= 154283103}}
*{{cite book |last= Wilson |first= James Oakley |title= New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984 |edition= 4th |orig-year=First published in 1913 |year= 1985 |publisher=V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer |location= Wellington |oclc= 154283103}}
*{{cite book |last = Norton |first = Clifford |title = New Zealand Parliamentary Election Results 1946–1987: Occasional Publications No 1, Department of Political Science |year = 1988 |publisher = Victoria University of Wellington |location = Wellington |isbn = 0-475-11200-8 }}

== External links ==
* [https://atojs.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/atojs?a=d&cl=search&d=AJHR1911-I.2.4.2.45&srpos=7&e 1911 map (page 29) and description of boundaries]
* [https://atojs.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/atojs?a=d&cl=search&d=AJHR1918-I-II.2.2.5.38&srpos=1&e 1917 map (page 27) and description of boundaries]
* [http://natlib.govt.nz/records/35739796 1937 map]
* [http://natlib.govt.nz/records/35739760 1946 map]


{{Historic electorates of New Zealand | state=collapsed}}
{{Historic electorates of New Zealand | state=collapsed}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2011}}


[[Category:Historic electorates of New Zealand]]
[[Category:Historical electorates of New Zealand]]
[[Category:1860 establishments in New Zealand]]
[[Category:1860 establishments in New Zealand]]
[[Category:1870 disestablishments in New Zealand]]
[[Category:1870 disestablishments in New Zealand]]
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[[Category:1911 establishments in New Zealand]]
[[Category:1911 establishments in New Zealand]]
[[Category:Raglan, New Zealand]]
[[Category:Raglan, New Zealand]]
[[Category:Politics of Waikato]]

Latest revision as of 22:30, 27 September 2023

Raglan is a former New Zealand parliamentary electorate. It existed for three periods between 1861 and 1996 and during that time, it was represented by 13 Members of Parliament.

Population centres

[edit]

In the 1860 electoral redistribution, the House of Representatives increased the number of representatives by 12, reflecting the immense population growth since the original electorates were established in 1853. The redistribution created 15 additional electorates with between one and three members, and Raglan was one of the single-member electorates.[1] It was created by splitting the Southern Division electorate into two areas, and the eastern part was called Franklin, while the western part was called Raglan.[2] The electorates were distributed to provinces so that every province had at least two members. Within each province, the number of registered electors by electorate varied greatly.[1] The Raglan electorate had 482 registered electors for the 1861 election.[3] In 1861 it was named Raglan, but that town had the only polling station between the southern boundary of the Mokau River[4] and Waiuku, the majority being in the Auckland suburbs.[5] The northern boundary was close to the centre of Auckland, bordering on Newton District.[4] The southern boundary was the Mokau River and the eastern, the Great South Road.[6]

The Raglan electorate was on the West coast of the Waikato region, and was based on the small town of Raglan.

In the 1911 electoral redistribution, the North Island gained a further seat from the South Island due to faster population growth. In addition, there were substantial population movements within each island, and significant changes resulted from this. Only four electorates were unaltered, five electorates were abolished, one former electorate was re-established (Raglan), and four electorates were created for the first time.[7] Raglan was created by the Franklin electorate moving north, and the Waikato electorate moving south.[8]

The 1981 census had shown that the North Island had experienced further population growth, and three additional general seats were created through the 1983 electoral redistribution, bringing the total number of electorates to 95.[9] The South Island had, for the first time, experienced a population loss, but its number of general electorates was fixed at 25 since the 1967 electoral redistribution.[10] More of the South Island population was moving to Christchurch, and two electorates were abolished, while two electorates were recreated. In the North Island, six electorates were newly created, three electorates were recreated (including Raglan), and six electorates were abolished.[11]

History

[edit]

The Raglan electorate existed from 1860 to 1870, from 1911 to 1978, and then from 1984 to 1996.[12] The first election was held on 11 February 1861 and was won by Charles John Taylor, who had previously represented the Southern Division electorate.[13]

In 1996, Simon Upton who was then the MP for Raglan chose to become a list MP. He resigned in 2001.

Members of Parliament

[edit]

The Raglan electorate was represented by 13 Members of Parliament.

Key

  Independent   Reform   Labour   National

Election Winner
1861 election Charles John Taylor
1865 by-election William Buckland
1866 election Joseph Newman[14]
1867 by-election James Farmer
(Abolished 1870–1911; see Waikato and Franklin)
1911 election Richard Bollard
1914 election
1919 election
1922 election
1925 election
1927 by-election Lee Martin
1928 election
1931 election Stewart Reid
1935 election Lee Martin (2nd period)
1938 election
1943 election Robert Coulter
1946 by-election Hallyburton Johnstone
1946 election Alan Baxter
1949 election Hallyburton Johnstone (2nd period)
1951 election
1954 election
1957 election Douglas Carter
1960 election
1963 election
1966 election
1969 election
1972 election
1975 election Marilyn Waring
(Abolished 1978–1984)
1984 election Simon Upton
1987 election
1990 election
1993 election
(Electorate abolished in 1996; see Port Waikato)

Election results

[edit]

1946 election

[edit]
1946 general election: Raglan[15]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Alan Baxter 6,821 49.17 +0.74
National Hallyburton Johnstone 6,808 49.08 −2.49
Informal votes 241 1.73
Majority 13 0.09
Turnout 13,870

In an electoral court ruling Baxter gained 2 votes while losing 83, while Johnstone lost 61 votes from the original result.[16]

1946 by-election

[edit]
1946 Raglan by-election[17][18]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Hallyburton Johnstone 5,044 51.57
Labour Alan Baxter 4,735 48.43
Majority 309 3.15
Turnout 9,779 67.67
Registered electors 14,451

1943 election

[edit]
1943 general election: Raglan[19][20]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Robert Coulter 4,817 47.99
National Robert James Glasgow 4,709 46.92
Democratic Labour Alwyn Temple Dillon 289 2.87
Real Democracy Stanley Burton 221 2.20
Informal votes 90 0.89
Majority 108 1.07
Turnout 10,036

1938 election

[edit]
1938 general election: Raglan[21][22]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Lee Martin 5,062 52.54
National Andy Sutherland 4,458 46.27
Country Party Albert James Gallichan 115 1.19
Majority 604 6.27
Informal votes 95 0.98
Turnout 9,730 92.40
Registered electors 10,530

1935 election

[edit]
1935 general election: Raglan[23]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Lee Martin 5,148 55.48 +10.81
Reform Stewart Reid 3,453 37.21 −18.12
Democrat J H Potter 581 6.26
Independent H Hampton 96 1.03
Informal votes 97 1.04 +0.37
Majority 1,695 18.26
Turnout 9,278 89.78 +9.38
Registered electors 10,334

1931 election

[edit]
1931 general election: Raglan[24]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Reform Stewart Reid 4,180 55.33
Labour Lee Martin 3,374 44.67
Majority 806 10.67
Informal votes 51 0.67
Turnout 7,605 80.40
Registered electors 9,459

1928 election

[edit]
1928 general election: Raglan[25][26]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Lee Martin 4,206 55.44
Reform Walter Seavill 3,165 41.72
Independent Reform William Brown 216 2.85
Majority 1,041 13.72
Informal votes 113 1.47
Turnout 7,700 86.38
Registered electors 8,914

1927 by-election

[edit]
1927 Raglan by-election[27][28]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Lee Martin 2,200 36.36
Reform Harry Waring 2,025 33.47
Liberal Thomas Parker 1,095 18.09
Country Party Cornelius Augustus Magner 532 8.79
Independent William James Taylor 198 3.27
Informal votes 97 1.53 −0.77
Majority 175 2.89
Turnout 6,050 98.47 +8.61
Registered electors 6,147
Labour gain from Reform Swing

Waring (Reform) was the great-grandfather of Marilyn Waring.

1925 election

[edit]
1925 general election: Raglan[29]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Reform Richard Bollard 4,470 61.48
Labour Ernest Piggott[30] 1,614 22.20
Liberal Samuel Charles Gale Lye[31] 965 13.27
Country Party Robert Dickinson Duxfield[32] 222 3.05
Majority 2,856 39.28
Informal votes 56 0.76
Turnout 7,327 89.86
Registered electors 8,154

1922 election

[edit]
1922 general election:[33]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Reform Richard Bollard 3,494
Liberal Samuel Charles Gale Lye 2,718
Labour E. Piggott 99
Majority 776
Informal votes 139
Turnout
Registered electors

1919 election

[edit]
1914 general election[34]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Reform Richard Bollard 2,888
Independent Campbell Johnstone 756
Labour Bill Jordan 1,900
Majority 988
Informal votes 64
Turnout 5,608
Registered electors

1914 election

[edit]
1914 general election[35]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Reform Richard Bollard 4,002 60.16
Liberal William Thompson 2,554 38.39
Social Democrat John Furniss 96 1.44
Majority 2,552 38.36
Informal votes 83 1.24
Turnout 6,652 89.96
Registered electors 7,394

1911 election

[edit]
1911 general election: Raglan, first ballot[36]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Reform Richard Bollard 2,435 46.02
Reform Allen Bell 894 16.90
Liberal James Charles Dromgool 750 14.18
Liberal William Duncan 742 14.02
Independent Liberal Basil Hewett[37] 470 8.88
Majority 1,541 29.12
Informal votes 99 1.84
Turnout 5,390 82.01
Registered electors 6,572
1911 general election: Raglan, second ballot[38]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Reform Richard Bollard 2,782 59.89
Reform Allen Bell[nb 1] 1,863 40.11
Majority 919 19.78
Informal votes 20 0.43
Turnout 4,665 70.98
Registered electors 6,572

Table footnotes:

  1. ^ Richard Bollard was the official candidate endorsed by the Reform Party; Allen Bell was an unofficial candidate who also stood for the Reform Party.[39]

1867 by-election

[edit]
1867 Raglan by-election[40][41]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Independent James Farmer 224 56.85
Independent Joseph Crispe 127 32.23
Independent Henry Chamberlin 43 10.91
Turnout 394
Majority 97 24.62

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ a b McRobie 1989, p. 35.
  2. ^ McRobie 1989, pp. 28, 32.
  3. ^ McRobie 1989, p. 33.
  4. ^ a b "Statutes of New Zealand". New Zealander. 30 January 1861. p. 6. Retrieved 5 April 2016.
  5. ^ "Local Memoranda". New Zealander. 9 February 1861. p. 2. Retrieved 5 April 2016.
  6. ^ "THE NEW ZEALAND OFFICIAL YEAR-BOOK 1864". www3.stats.govt.nz. Retrieved 7 December 2020.
  7. ^ McRobie 1989, pp. 71–76.
  8. ^ McRobie 1989, pp. 70, 74.
  9. ^ McRobie 1989, pp. 123f.
  10. ^ McRobie 1989, pp. 111, 123.
  11. ^ McRobie 1989, pp. 119–124.
  12. ^ Wilson 1985, p. 270.
  13. ^ Wilson 1985, p. 239.
  14. ^ "The Elections". Otago Witness. No. 747. 24 March 1866. p. 11. Retrieved 12 July 2010.
  15. ^ "The General Election, 1946". National Library. 1947. pp. 1–11, 14. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
  16. ^ Norton 1988, p. 323.
  17. ^ "The Herald". Alexandra Herald and Central Otago Gazette. 13 March 1946. p. 4. Retrieved 14 June 2015 – via Papers Past.
  18. ^ "Election Comparison". The New Zealand Herald. 27 November 1946. p. 11.
  19. ^ "Electoral". The New Zealand Herald. Vol. 80, no. 24764. 11 December 1943. p. 6. Retrieved 16 May 2017.
  20. ^ "The General Election, 1943". National Library. 1944. p. 11. Retrieved 28 March 2014.
  21. ^ "The General Election, 1938". National Library. 1939. p. 4. Retrieved 30 November 2014.
  22. ^ "Electoral". The New Zealand Herald. Vol. LXXV, no. 23181. 29 October 1938. p. 25. Retrieved 30 November 2014.
  23. ^ The General Election, 1935. National Library. 1936. pp. 1–35. Retrieved 3 August 2013.
  24. ^ The General Election, 1931. Government Printer. 1932. p. 4. Retrieved 2 November 2014.
  25. ^ Skinner, W. A. G. (1929). The General Election, 1928. Government Printer. p. 4. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  26. ^ "General election : date drawing nearer". Franklin Times. Vol. XVIII, no. 124. 29 October 1928. p. 5. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  27. ^ "The Raglan Seat". The Press. Vol. LXIII, no. 19120. 1 October 1927. p. 14. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  28. ^ "Five Nominated". Auckland Star. Vol. LVIII, no. 221. 19 September 1927. p. 9. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  29. ^ The General Election, 1925. Government Printer. 1926. p. 2. Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  30. ^ "Labour in Raglan". The New Zealand Herald. Vol. LXII, no. 19149. 15 October 1925. p. 14. Retrieved 20 December 2014.
  31. ^ "Election Candidates". The New Zealand Herald. Vol. LXV, no. 19939. 7 May 1928. p. 10. Retrieved 20 December 2014.
  32. ^ "Waikato Farmer". The New Zealand Herald. Vol. LXXV, no. 23022. 27 April 1938. p. 17. Retrieved 20 December 2014.
  33. ^ "THE POLITICAL OUTLOOK. WAIKATO TIMES". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. 14 December 1922. Retrieved 8 January 2022.
  34. ^ "NEW ZEALAND HERALD". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. 27 December 1919. Retrieved 8 January 2022.
  35. ^ Hislop, J. (1915). The General Election, 1914. National Library. pp. 1–33. Retrieved 1 August 2013.
  36. ^ AtoJs 1911 election 1912, p. 2.
  37. ^ "Political". Waikato Times. No. 12124. 7 November 1911. p. 4. Retrieved 25 April 2015.
  38. ^ AtoJs 1911 election 1912, p. 6.
  39. ^ "Next Thursday's Poll". The New Zealand Herald. Vol. XLVIII, no. 14854. 4 December 1911. p. 7. Retrieved 26 April 2015.
  40. ^ "Election of Mr Farmer". Daily Southern Cross. Vol. XXIII, no. 3092. 14 June 1867. p. 5. Retrieved 2 January 2021.
  41. ^ "Raglan Election". Daily Southern Cross. Vol. XXIII, no. 3071. 24 May 1867. p. 7. Retrieved 2 January 2021.

References

[edit]
  • McRobie, Alan (1989). Electoral Atlas of New Zealand. Wellington: GP Books. ISBN 0-477-01384-8.
  • Mansfield, F. W. (1912). The General Election, 1911. National Library. Retrieved 25 April 2015.
  • Wilson, James Oakley (1985) [First published in 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984 (4th ed.). Wellington: V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer. OCLC 154283103.
  • Norton, Clifford (1988). New Zealand Parliamentary Election Results 1946–1987: Occasional Publications No 1, Department of Political Science. Wellington: Victoria University of Wellington. ISBN 0-475-11200-8.
[edit]
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