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{{Short description|American soldier and politician (1810–1847)}}
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{{Infobox person

| name = John J. Hardin
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{{Infobox officeholder
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| image = JohnJHardin.jpg
| caption =
| name = John J. Hardin
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| image = JohnJHardin.jpg
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| birth_name =
| caption =
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| birth_date = {{Birth date|1810|1|6}}
| state = [[Illinois]]
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| birth_place = [[Frankfort, Kentucky]]
| district = {{ushr|IL|7|7th}}
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| death_date = {{Death date and age|1847|2|23|1810|1|6}}
| term_start = March 4, 1843
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| death_place = Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico
| term_end = March 3, 1845
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| nationality = American
| predecessor = District created
|relations=Son of [[Martin D. Hardin]]
| successor = [[Edward D. Baker]]
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| other_names =
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| birth_name =
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| occupation = Politician, Colonel
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| birth_date = {{Birth date|1810|1|6}}
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| known_for = [[Battle of Buena Vista]]
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| birth_place = [[Frankfort, Kentucky|Frankfort]], [[Kentucky]], U.S.
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| spouse = Sarah Ellen Smith{{cn|date = May 2019}}
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| death_date = {{Death date and age|1847|2|23|1810|1|6}}
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| death_place = [[Saltillo]], [[Coahuila]], [[Second Federal Republic of Mexico|Mexico]]
| party = [[Whig Party (United States)|Whig]]
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| nationality = American
| parents = [[Martin D. Hardin]] (father)
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| other_names =
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| occupation = Politician • Soldier
| known_for =
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| spouse = Sarah Ellen Smith{{citation needed|date=May 2019}}
| allegiance = {{flag|United States|1846}}
| rank = Brigadier general
| battles = {{tree list}}
*[[Black Hawk War]]
*[[Illinois Mormon War]]
*[[Mexican–American War]]
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**[[Battle of Buena Vista]]{{KIA}}
{{tree list/end}}
| branch = [[Illinois National Guard|Illinois Militia]]
}}
}}
'''John Jay Hardin''' (January 6, 1810 – February 23, 1847) was a [[United States House of Representatives|U.S. Representative]] and [[Illinois Army National Guard|militia]] general from [[Illinois]].
'''John Jay Hardin''' (January 6, 1810 – February 23, 1847) was a [[United States House of Representatives|U.S. Representative]] and [[Illinois Army National Guard|militia]] general from [[Illinois]].


==Biography==
==Biography==
Born in [[Frankfort, Kentucky]], the son of [[Martin D. Hardin]], Hardin pursued classical studies and was graduated from [[Transylvania University]], [[Lexington, Kentucky]], where he studied law. He was [[Admission to the bar in the United States|admitted to the bar]] in Kentucky in 1831 and commenced practice in [[Jacksonville, Illinois]]. He served in the Illinois Militia during the [[Black Hawk War]] of 1832. He was [[brigadier general]] in command during the [[Illinois Mormon War]] in [[Hancock County, Illinois]], in 1844. He later attained the rank of [[major general]]. He was appointed prosecuting attorney of [[Morgan County, Illinois|Morgan County]] in 1832. He served as member of the [[Illinois House of Representatives]] 1836–1842. His son [[Martin Davis Hardin]] was born in 1837, and his daughter [[Ellen Hardin Walworth]] was born in 1832.
Born in [[Frankfort, Kentucky]], the son of [[Martin D. Hardin]], Hardin pursued classical studies and graduated from [[Transylvania University]], [[Lexington, Kentucky]], where he studied law. He was [[Admission to the bar in the United States|admitted to the bar]] in Kentucky in 1831 and commenced practice in [[Jacksonville, Illinois]]. He served in the Illinois Militia during the [[Black Hawk War]] of 1832. He was [[brigadier general]] in command during the [[Illinois Mormon War]] in [[Hancock County, Illinois]], in 1844. He later attained the rank of [[major general]]. He was appointed prosecuting attorney of [[Morgan County, Illinois|Morgan County]] in 1832. He served as member of the [[Illinois House of Representatives]] 1836–1842. His son [[Martin Davis Hardin]] was born in 1837, and his daughter [[Ellen Hardin Walworth]] was born in 1832.


He was co-editor/founder of the Illinoisan newspaper in Jacksonville in 1837.<ref>Newspapers and Periodicals of Illinois 1814-1879 by Franklin William Scott, published by the Illinois State Historical Library, Springfield, IL. 1910. Page 203.</ref> He was credited with helping to avert a duel between [[Abraham Lincoln]] and State Auditor [[James Shields (politician, born 1810)|James Shields]].<ref>Abraham Lincoln: A Press Portrait by Herbert Mitgang, ©Copyright 2010 Fordham University Press. Pages 40–41.</ref> In February 1844, Hardin was present on the {{USS|Princeton|1843|6}} when one of its guns [[USS Princeton disaster of 1844|exploded]], and he helped manage the aftermath of the disaster, staying on the ship for nearly a week.{{sfn|Greenberg|2013|p=87}}
He was co-editor/founder of the Illinoisan newspaper in Jacksonville in 1837.<ref>Newspapers and Periodicals of Illinois 1814-1879 by Franklin William Scott, published by the Illinois State Historical Library, Springfield, IL. 1910. Page 203.</ref> He was credited with helping to avert a duel between [[Abraham Lincoln]] and State Auditor [[James Shields (politician, born 1810)|James Shields]].<ref>Abraham Lincoln: A Press Portrait by Herbert Mitgang, ©Copyright 2010 Fordham University Press. Pages 40–41.</ref> In February 1844, Hardin was present on the {{USS|Princeton|1843|6}} when one of its guns [[USS Princeton disaster of 1844|exploded]], and he helped manage the aftermath of the disaster, staying on the ship for nearly a week.{{sfn|Greenberg|2013|p=87}}
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[[Image:DeathOfColJohnJHardin.jpg|thumb|right|200px|The death of Col. Hardin at the [[Battle of Buena Vista]].]]
[[Image:DeathOfColJohnJHardin.jpg|thumb|right|200px|The death of Col. Hardin at the [[Battle of Buena Vista]].]]
Despite being an unabashed Whig, Hardin was a fervent supporter of the [[Mexican–American War]] that was advocated by [[James K. Polk]] and many expansionist [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democrats]]. During the war, he recruited the [[1st Illinois Volunteer Infantry Regiment|First Regiment, Illinois Volunteer Infantry]], of which he was commissioned colonel. On February 23, 1847, he was killed at the [[Battle of Buena Vista]], Mexico, after attempting to lead a charge against a Mexican battery.{{sfn|Greenberg|2013|pp=158–159}} The outpouring of grief over his death was immense, and Hardin's funeral procession was attended by 15,000 people. He was interred in City Cemetery (East), [[Jacksonville, Illinois]]. Hardin County, Iowa, was named in honor of the Colonel and his legacy.
Despite being an unabashed Whig, Hardin was a fervent supporter of the [[Mexican–American War]] that was advocated by [[James K. Polk]] and many expansionist [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democrats]]. During the war, he recruited the [[1st Illinois Volunteer Infantry Regiment|First Regiment, Illinois Volunteer Infantry]], of which he was commissioned colonel. On February 23, 1847, he was killed at the [[Battle of Buena Vista]], Mexico, after attempting to lead a charge against a Mexican battery.{{sfn|Greenberg|2013|pp=158–159}} The outpouring of grief over his death was immense, and Hardin's funeral procession was attended by 15,000 people. He was interred in City Cemetery (East), [[Jacksonville, Illinois]]. [[Hardin County, Iowa]], was named in honor of the Colonel and his legacy, as was the town of [[Hardin, Illinois]].


==Notes==
==Notes==
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==References==
==References==
*{{cite book|first=Amy S.|last=Greenberg|title=A Wicked War: Polk, Clay, Lincoln, and the 1846 U.S. Invasion of Mexico|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4a1sAAAAQBAJ|year=2013|publisher=Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group|isbn=978-0-307-47599-2|ref=harv}}
*{{cite book|first=Amy S.|last=Greenberg|title=A Wicked War: Polk, Clay, Lincoln, and the 1846 U.S. Invasion of Mexico|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4a1sAAAAQBAJ|year=2013|publisher=Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group|isbn=978-0-307-47599-2}}


==External links==
==External links==
{{commons category}}
{{commons category}}
* {{Internet Archive author |sname=John J. Hardin |sopt=t}}
* {{Internet Archive author |sname=John J. Hardin |sopt=t}}
*{{findagrave|87004919}}
*{{find a Grave|87004919}}
*{{cite web|url=http://chsmedia.org/media/fa/fa/M-H/Hardin.htm |title=Hardin family papers, 1733-1943|publisher=Chicago Historical Society}}
*{{cite web|url=http://chsmedia.org/media/fa/fa/M-H/Hardin.htm |title=Hardin family papers, 1733-1943|publisher=Chicago Historical Society}}


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[[Category:1810 births]]
[[Category:1810 births]]
[[Category:1847 deaths]]
[[Category:1847 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Frankfort, Kentucky]]
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[[Category:Members of the United States House of Representatives from Illinois]]
[[Category:Transylvania University alumni]]
[[Category:Hardin family of Kentucky]]
[[Category:Illinois lawyers]]
[[Category:American people of French descent]]
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[[Category:Whig Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Illinois]]
[[Category:Members of the Illinois House of Representatives]]
[[Category:Members of the Illinois House of Representatives]]
[[Category:Illinois Whigs]]
[[Category:Illinois lawyers]]
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[[Category:American militia generals]]
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[[Category:American people of the Black Hawk War]]
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[[Category:American military personnel killed in the Mexican–American War]]
[[Category:American newspaper editors]]
[[Category:American newspaper editors]]
[[Category:Whig Party members of the United States House of Representatives]]
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[[Category:19th-century American journalists]]
[[Category:American male journalists]]
[[Category:American male journalists]]
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[[Category:19th-century American journalists]]
[[Category:19th-century American male writers]]
[[Category:19th-century American male writers]]
[[Category:19th-century American politicians]]
[[Category:19th-century American lawyers]]
[[Category:Transylvania University alumni]]
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[[Category:American militia generals]]
[[Category:Military personnel from Illinois]]
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[[Category:American people of the Black Hawk War]]
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[[Category:American military personnel killed in the Mexican–American War]]

Latest revision as of 07:00, 23 August 2023

John J. Hardin
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Illinois's 7th district
In office
March 4, 1843 – March 3, 1845
Preceded byDistrict created
Succeeded byEdward D. Baker
Personal details
Born(1810-01-06)January 6, 1810
Frankfort, Kentucky, U.S.
DiedFebruary 23, 1847(1847-02-23) (aged 37)
Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico
Political partyWhig
SpouseSarah Ellen Smith[citation needed]
ParentMartin D. Hardin (father)
OccupationPolitician • Soldier
Military service
Allegiance United States
Branch/serviceIllinois Militia
RankBrigadier general
Battles/wars

John Jay Hardin (January 6, 1810 – February 23, 1847) was a U.S. Representative and militia general from Illinois.

Biography

[edit]

Born in Frankfort, Kentucky, the son of Martin D. Hardin, Hardin pursued classical studies and graduated from Transylvania University, Lexington, Kentucky, where he studied law. He was admitted to the bar in Kentucky in 1831 and commenced practice in Jacksonville, Illinois. He served in the Illinois Militia during the Black Hawk War of 1832. He was brigadier general in command during the Illinois Mormon War in Hancock County, Illinois, in 1844. He later attained the rank of major general. He was appointed prosecuting attorney of Morgan County in 1832. He served as member of the Illinois House of Representatives 1836–1842. His son Martin Davis Hardin was born in 1837, and his daughter Ellen Hardin Walworth was born in 1832.

He was co-editor/founder of the Illinoisan newspaper in Jacksonville in 1837.[1] He was credited with helping to avert a duel between Abraham Lincoln and State Auditor James Shields.[2] In February 1844, Hardin was present on the USS Princeton when one of its guns exploded, and he helped manage the aftermath of the disaster, staying on the ship for nearly a week.[3]

Hardin was elected as a Whig to the Twenty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1843 – March 3, 1845). Despite large popularity in his district, he was not a candidate for renomination in 1844.[3] It has been suggested that Hardin's premature death helped Lincoln's rise to prominence in Illinois politics.[4]

The death of Col. Hardin at the Battle of Buena Vista.

Despite being an unabashed Whig, Hardin was a fervent supporter of the Mexican–American War that was advocated by James K. Polk and many expansionist Democrats. During the war, he recruited the First Regiment, Illinois Volunteer Infantry, of which he was commissioned colonel. On February 23, 1847, he was killed at the Battle of Buena Vista, Mexico, after attempting to lead a charge against a Mexican battery.[5] The outpouring of grief over his death was immense, and Hardin's funeral procession was attended by 15,000 people. He was interred in City Cemetery (East), Jacksonville, Illinois. Hardin County, Iowa, was named in honor of the Colonel and his legacy, as was the town of Hardin, Illinois.

Notes

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  1. ^ Newspapers and Periodicals of Illinois 1814-1879 by Franklin William Scott, published by the Illinois State Historical Library, Springfield, IL. 1910. Page 203.
  2. ^ Abraham Lincoln: A Press Portrait by Herbert Mitgang, ©Copyright 2010 Fordham University Press. Pages 40–41.
  3. ^ a b Greenberg 2013, p. 87.
  4. ^ Greenberg 2013, p. 181.
  5. ^ Greenberg 2013, pp. 158–159.
Attribution

Public Domain This article incorporates public domain material from Hardin, John J. Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.

References

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Wikimedia Commons has media related to John J. Hardin.
U.S. House of Representatives
Preceded by
District created
 Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Illinois's 7th congressional district
March 4, 1843 – March 3, 1845 		Succeeded by
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