Edwin Pears: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|British historian (1835–1919)}} |
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| ⚫ | '''Sir Edwin Pears''' (18 March 1835 – 27 November 1919) was a |
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{{Infobox person |
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| name = Edwin Pears |
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| image = Sir Edwin Pears.png |
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| caption = Sir Edwin Pears (1915) |
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| birth_name = |
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| birth_date = {{birth date |1835|3|18|df=y}} |
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| birth_place = [[York]], England |
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| death_date = {{Death date and age|1919|11|27|1835|3|18|df=y}} |
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| death_place = [[Malta]] |
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|resting_place = |
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[[Ta' Braxia Cemetery]] |
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|resting_place_coordinates = {{coord|35|53|24.7|N|014|29|54.3|E|type:landmark}} |
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| other_names = |
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| alma_mater = [[University of London]] |
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| employer = |
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| occupation = [[barrister]]; [[historian]] |
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| years_active = |
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| known_for = {{Cite book |last= |first= |year=1911 |title=Turkey and Its People |publisher=Methuen & Co. Ltd. |place=London |edition= 1 |url=https://archive.org/stream/turkeyitspeople00pearuoft#page/n7/mode/2up}} |
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| notable_works = |
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}} |
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| ⚫ | '''Sir Edwin Pears''' (18 March 1835 – 27 November 1919) was a British barrister, author and historian. He lived in [[Ottoman Constantinople|Constantinople]] (now [[Istanbul]]) for about forty years and he is known for his 1911 book ''Turkey and its People''.<ref>{{Cite book |last= Pears |first=Edwin |year=1911 |title=Turkey and Its People |publisher=Methuen & Co. Ltd. |place=London |edition= 1 |url=https://archive.org/stream/turkeyitspeople00pearuoft#page/n7/mode/2up |accessdate=19 March 2016 |via=Internet Archive}}</ref><ref>He is also author of the following books: {{Cite book |last= Pears |first=Edwin |year=1880 |title=The Fall of Constantinople Being the Story of the Fourth Crusade |publisher=Harper & Brothers |place=New York |edition= 1 |url=https://archive.org/stream/fallofconstantin00pear#page/n3/mode/2up |accessdate=31 March 2016|via=Internet Archive}}; {{Cite book |last= Pears |first=Edwin |year=1903 |title=The Destruction of the Greek Empire and the Story of the Capture of Constantinople |publisher=Longmans, Green & Co. |place=London |edition= 1 |url=https://archive.org/stream/destructionofgr00pearuoft#page/n7/mode/2up |accessdate=31 March 2016|via=Internet Archive}}; {{Cite book |last= Pears |first=Edwin Sir |year=1917 |title= The Life of Abdul Hamid |publisher= Constable and Company Ltd.|place=London |edition= 1 |url=https://archive.org/details/lifeofabdulhamid00pearuoft/page/n9 |accessdate=17 March 2019|via=Internet Archive}}</ref> |
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[[File:Sir Edwin Pears and Sir Ernest Henry Shackleton.jpg|thumb|Sir Edwin Pears and Sir [[Ernest Henry Shackleton]], 29 June 1909, by [[John Benjamin Stone|Sir (John) Benjamin Stone]]<ref>[http://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/portrait/mw174659/Sir-Edwin-Pears-Sir-Ernest-Henry-Shackleton?LinkID=mp102882&role=sit&rNo=0 National Portrait Gallery]</ref>]] |
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==Early life== |
==Early life== |
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Pears was born on 18 March 1835 in [[York]], [[England]]. He was educated privately and at the [[University of London]] where he took first-class honours in Roman law and jurisprudence. |
Pears was born on 18 March 1835 in [[York]], [[England]]. He was educated privately and at the [[University of London]] where he took first-class honours in Roman law and jurisprudence.<ref name= "Who's Who 1914">{{cite book |author= |title= Who's Who, 1914: An Annual Biographical Dictionary with which is Incorporated "Men and Women of The Time" |place= London and New York |publisher= A & C Black Limited and The Macmillan Company |year= 1914 |url=https://archive.org/details/whoswho1914001352mbp/page/n9/mode/2up?view=theater |edition= 66 |url-access= |page= [https://archive.org/details/whoswho1914001352mbp/page/1634/mode/2up?view=theater 1634] |via= [[Internet Archive]]}}</ref> |
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Pears was [[called to the Bar]] at [[Middle Temple]] in 1870. He was also private secretary to [[Frederick Temple]], then [[Bishop of Exeter]], and later [[Archbishop of Canterbury]]. Pears was also secretary to various associations connected with social work in [[London]]. |
Pears was [[called to the Bar]] at [[Middle Temple]] in 1870. He was also private secretary to [[Frederick Temple]], then [[Bishop of Exeter]], and later [[Archbishop of Canterbury]]. Pears was also secretary to various associations connected with social work in [[London]]. |
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==Constantinople== |
==Constantinople== |
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Pears settled in [[Constantinople]] in 1873. He practised in the [[consular court]]s<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=25252|page=3681|date=20 July 1883}}</ref> and became president of the European bar there. He rose to become one of the leaders of the British colony in Constantinople.<ref name="Visions of Ararat">{{cite book |title=Visions of Ararat: Writings on Armenia |last=Walker |first=Christopher J. |
Pears settled in [[Constantinople]] in 1873. He practised in the [[consular court]]s<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=25252|page=3681|date=20 July 1883}}</ref> and became president of the European bar there. He rose to become one of the leaders of the British colony in Constantinople.<ref name="Visions of Ararat">{{cite book |title=Visions of Ararat: Writings on Armenia |last=Walker |first=Christopher J. |year=2005 |publisher=[[I.B. Tauris]] |isbn=1-85043-888-9 |pages=105 }}</ref> |
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Pears travelled much through Turkish dominions, and studied Turkish history from both the Turkish and foreign perspectives.<ref name="Turkey">{{cite news |first=George H. |last=Doran |
Pears travelled much through Turkish dominions, and studied Turkish history from both the Turkish and foreign perspectives.<ref name="Turkey">{{cite news |first=George H. |last=Doran |title=ALL THE TURKS; Sir Edwin Pears Writes Authoritatively on the Turkish Peoples |url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1912/03/24/100355512.pdf |work=New York Times |date=March 24, 1912 |accessdate=2008-05-15 }}</ref> |
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In this way, Pears acquired an intimate knowledge of [[Turkey]]. In 1876, as correspondent of ''[[The Daily News (UK)|The Daily News]]'', he sent letters home describing Ottoman atrocities and the [[April Uprising]] in [[Bulgaria]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1876massacre-bulgaria.html |title=Modern History Sourcebook: Sir Edwin Pears: The Massacre of Bulgarians, 1876 |accessdate=2008-05-15 |
In this way, Pears acquired an intimate knowledge of [[Turkey]]. In 1876, as correspondent of ''[[The Daily News (UK)|The Daily News]]'', he sent letters home describing Ottoman atrocities and the [[April Uprising]] in [[Bulgaria]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1876massacre-bulgaria.html |title=Modern History Sourcebook: Sir Edwin Pears: The Massacre of Bulgarians, 1876 |accessdate=2008-05-15 |publisher=Fordham University}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|editor=Frederick Moy Thomas |title=Fifty Years of Fleet Street being the Life and Letters of John Richard Robinson |url=https://archive.org/stream/fiftyyearsofflee00thomiala#page/182/mode/2up|year=1904|publisher=Macmillan |place=London |edition=1 |page= 183 |access-date= 5 June 2016| via=Internet Archive}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last= Pears |first=Edwin |year=1916 |title=Forty Years in Constantinople, The Recollections of Sir Edwin Pears 1873-1915 |publisher=Herbert Jenkins Limited |place=London |edition= 1 |pages=12–24 |url=https://archive.org/stream/fortyyearsincons00pearuoft#page/n7/mode/2up |access-date=19 March 2016 |via= Internet Archive}}</ref> The letters aroused popular demonstrations in England led by [[William Ewart Gladstone]].<ref name="Turkey"/><ref>{{cite book|first=William Ewart |last= Gladstone|title=Bulgarian Horrors and the Question of the East|url=https://archive.org/details/bulgarianhorrors00gladiala|year=1876|publisher=John Murray |place=London|page=13|edition=1 |access-date= 20 March 2016 |via= Internet Archive}}</ref><ref>{{Cite EB1911|wstitle= Bulgaria/History |volume= 4 |last= Bourchier |first= James David |author-link= James David Bourchier | pages = 779–784; see page 781 |quote=The Revolt of 1876. }}</ref> At the time, the reports of these atrocities were generally disbelieved and Pears' letters placed all the incontrovertible facts before the English people.<ref>{{Cite book |last= Morgenthau|first=Henry |author-link= Henry Morgenthau Sr.|year=1919 |title=Ambassador Morgenthau's Story|publisher=Doubleday, Page & Company |place=Garden City, New York |edition= 1 |pages=256–257 |url=https://archive.org/stream/ambassadormorgen00morguoft#page/256/mode/2up |accessdate=June 23, 2016|via=Internet Archive}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last= Страшимиров |first=Димитър Т.|year=1907 |title= История на априлското въстание |publisher= Издание и собственост на Пловдивската Окръжна Постоянна Комисия |place=Пловдив |edition= 1 |page= 360 |volume= III |url=https://archive.org/stream/istoriianaapril03stragoog#page/n387/mode/2up |accessdate=23 June 2016 |via=Internet Archive}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |editor= Buchan, John|editor-link=John Buchan |chapter= Bulgaria |chapter-url= https://archive.org/details/nationsoftodayne12buch/page/n17/mode/2up|title= Bulgaria and Romania: The Nations of Today; A New History of the World |place= Boston and New York |publisher= Houghton Mifflin Company |year= 1924 |url= https://archive.org/details/nationsoftodayne12buch/page/n5/mode/2up |page=[https://archive.org/details/nationsoftodayne12buch/page/36/mode/2up 36] |accessdate= 20 June 2021 |via= [[Internet Archive]]}}</ref> |
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In 1909, Pears was [[Knight Bachelor|knighted]], returning to London to receive the honour in person on 22 July 1909.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=28275|page=5805|date=30 July 1909}}</ref> |
In 1909, Pears was [[Knight Bachelor|knighted]], returning to London to receive the honour in person on 22 July 1909.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=28275|page=5805|date=30 July 1909}}</ref> |
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In 1911, Pears wrote the book ''Turkey and its People''. It is regarded as his most distinguished book. In that book, he displayed his expert knowledge of Byzantine Constantinople. The book contains original material on the nationalities of the [[Ottoman empire]].<ref name="Visions of Ararat"/> The book was an attempt to interpret Turkey to the western people.<ref name="Turkey"/> |
In 1911, Pears wrote the book ''Turkey and its People''. It is regarded as his most distinguished book. In that book, he displayed his expert knowledge of Byzantine Constantinople. The book contains original material on the nationalities of the [[Ottoman empire]].<ref name="Visions of Ararat"/> The book was an attempt to interpret Turkey to the western people.<ref name="Turkey"/> |
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In 1916, Pears wrote ''Forty Years in Constantinople''.<ref>{{Cite book |last= Pears |first=Edwin |year=1916 |title=Forty Years in Constantinople, The Recollections of Sir Edwin Pears 1873-1915 |publisher=Herbert Jenkins Limited |place=London |edition= 1 |
In 1916, Pears wrote ''Forty Years in Constantinople''.<ref>{{Cite book |last= Pears |first=Edwin |year=1916 |title=Forty Years in Constantinople, The Recollections of Sir Edwin Pears 1873-1915 |publisher=Herbert Jenkins Limited |place=London |edition= 1 |url=https://archive.org/stream/fortyyearsincons00pearuoft#page/n7/mode/2up |accessdate=18 March 2016 |via= Internet Archive}}</ref> This book is regarded as essential reading for the study of the Ottoman constitutional revolution of 1908.<ref name="Visions of Ararat"/> |
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==Death== |
==Death== |
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Pears died on 27 November 1919 in [[Malta]] from an accident on his journey home from Constantinople. |
Pears died on 27 November 1919 in [[Malta]] from an accident on his journey home from Constantinople. |
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[[File:Sir Edwin Pears and Sir Ernest Henry Shackleton.jpg|thumb|Sir Edwin Pears and Sir [[Ernest Shackleton|Ernest Henry Shackleton]] (29 June 1909)]] |
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==Awards and decorations== |
==Awards and decorations== |
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* {{Find a Grave |id= 190267345}} |
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Latest revision as of 17:10, 23 July 2023
Edwin Pears | |
|---|---|
 Sir Edwin Pears (1915) | |
| Born | 18 March 1835 York, England |
| Died | 27 November 1919 (aged 84) |
| Resting place | Ta' Braxia Cemetery 35°53′24.7″N 014°29′54.3″E / 35.890194°N 14.498417°E |
| Alma mater | University of London |
| Occupation(s) | barrister; historian |
| Known for | Turkey and Its People (1 ed.). London: Methuen & Co. Ltd. 1911. |
Sir Edwin Pears (18 March 1835 – 27 November 1919) was a British barrister, author and historian. He lived in Constantinople (now Istanbul) for about forty years and he is known for his 1911 book Turkey and its People.[1][2]
Early life
[edit]Pears was born on 18 March 1835 in York, England. He was educated privately and at the University of London where he took first-class honours in Roman law and jurisprudence.[3]
Pears was called to the Bar at Middle Temple in 1870. He was also private secretary to Frederick Temple, then Bishop of Exeter, and later Archbishop of Canterbury. Pears was also secretary to various associations connected with social work in London.
Constantinople
[edit]Pears settled in Constantinople in 1873. He practised in the consular courts[4] and became president of the European bar there. He rose to become one of the leaders of the British colony in Constantinople.[5]
Pears travelled much through Turkish dominions, and studied Turkish history from both the Turkish and foreign perspectives.[6]
In this way, Pears acquired an intimate knowledge of Turkey. In 1876, as correspondent of The Daily News, he sent letters home describing Ottoman atrocities and the April Uprising in Bulgaria.[7][8][9] The letters aroused popular demonstrations in England led by William Ewart Gladstone.[6][10][11] At the time, the reports of these atrocities were generally disbelieved and Pears' letters placed all the incontrovertible facts before the English people.[12][13][14]
In 1909, Pears was knighted, returning to London to receive the honour in person on 22 July 1909.[15]
In 1911, Pears wrote the book Turkey and its People. It is regarded as his most distinguished book. In that book, he displayed his expert knowledge of Byzantine Constantinople. The book contains original material on the nationalities of the Ottoman empire.[5] The book was an attempt to interpret Turkey to the western people.[6]
In 1916, Pears wrote Forty Years in Constantinople.[16] This book is regarded as essential reading for the study of the Ottoman constitutional revolution of 1908.[5]
Death
[edit]Pears died on 27 November 1919 in Malta from an accident on his journey home from Constantinople.
Awards and decorations
[edit]- Knight Bachelor (1909)
- Commander of the Order of Merit of Bulgaria
- Knight of the Order of the Saviour of Greece
See also
[edit]Notes
[edit]- ^ Pears, Edwin (1911). Turkey and Its People (1 ed.). London: Methuen & Co. Ltd. Retrieved 19 March 2016 – via Internet Archive.
- ^ He is also author of the following books: Pears, Edwin (1880). The Fall of Constantinople Being the Story of the Fourth Crusade (1 ed.). New York: Harper & Brothers. Retrieved 31 March 2016 – via Internet Archive.; Pears, Edwin (1903). The Destruction of the Greek Empire and the Story of the Capture of Constantinople (1 ed.). London: Longmans, Green & Co. Retrieved 31 March 2016 – via Internet Archive.; Pears, Edwin Sir (1917). The Life of Abdul Hamid (1 ed.). London: Constable and Company Ltd. Retrieved 17 March 2019 – via Internet Archive.
- ^ Who's Who, 1914: An Annual Biographical Dictionary with which is Incorporated "Men and Women of The Time" (66 ed.). London and New York: A & C Black Limited and The Macmillan Company. 1914. p. 1634 – via Internet Archive.
- ^ "No. 25252". The London Gazette. 20 July 1883. p. 3681.
- ^ a b c Walker, Christopher J. (2005). Visions of Ararat: Writings on Armenia. I.B. Tauris. p. 105. ISBN 1-85043-888-9.
- ^ a b c Doran, George H. (24 March 1912). "ALL THE TURKS; Sir Edwin Pears Writes Authoritatively on the Turkish Peoples" (PDF). New York Times. Retrieved 15 May 2008.
- ^ "Modern History Sourcebook: Sir Edwin Pears: The Massacre of Bulgarians, 1876". Fordham University. Retrieved 15 May 2008.
- ^ Frederick Moy Thomas, ed. (1904). Fifty Years of Fleet Street being the Life and Letters of John Richard Robinson (1 ed.). London: Macmillan. p. 183. Retrieved 5 June 2016 – via Internet Archive.
- ^ Pears, Edwin (1916). Forty Years in Constantinople, The Recollections of Sir Edwin Pears 1873-1915 (1 ed.). London: Herbert Jenkins Limited. pp. 12–24. Retrieved 19 March 2016 – via Internet Archive.
- ^ Gladstone, William Ewart (1876). Bulgarian Horrors and the Question of the East (1 ed.). London: John Murray. p. 13. Retrieved 20 March 2016 – via Internet Archive.
- ^ Bourchier, James David (1911). . In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 4 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 779–784, see page 781.
The Revolt of 1876.
- ^ Morgenthau, Henry (1919). Ambassador Morgenthau's Story (1 ed.). Garden City, New York: Doubleday, Page & Company. pp. 256–257. Retrieved 23 June 2016 – via Internet Archive.
- ^ Страшимиров, Димитър Т. (1907). История на априлското въстание. Vol. III (1 ed.). Пловдив: Издание и собственост на Пловдивската Окръжна Постоянна Комисия. p. 360. Retrieved 23 June 2016 – via Internet Archive.
- ^ Buchan, John, ed. (1924). "Bulgaria". Bulgaria and Romania: The Nations of Today; A New History of the World. Boston and New York: Houghton Mifflin Company. p. 36. Retrieved 20 June 2021 – via Internet Archive.
- ^ "No. 28275". The London Gazette. 30 July 1909. p. 5805.
- ^ Pears, Edwin (1916). Forty Years in Constantinople, The Recollections of Sir Edwin Pears 1873-1915 (1 ed.). London: Herbert Jenkins Limited. Retrieved 18 March 2016 – via Internet Archive.
References
[edit]
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1922). "Pears, Sir Edwin". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 32 (12th ed.). London & New York: The Encyclopædia Britannica Company. p. 47.- Kaul, Chandrika (2004). "Pears, Sir Edwin (1835–1919)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/35437. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
