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In file sharing, super-seeding is an algorithm developed by John Hoffman for the BitTorrent communications protocol that helps downloaders become uploaders more quickly, but it introduces the danger of total seeding failure if there is only one downloader.^{[citation needed]}

The algorithm applies when there is only one seed in the swarm. By permitting each downloader to download only specific parts of the files listed in a torrent, it allows peers to start seeding more quickly.^[1] Peers attached to a seed with super-seeding enabled therefore distribute pieces of the torrent file much more readily before they have completed the download themselves.^[2]^[3]

In 2003, BitTornado became the first BitTorrent client to implement the algorithm.^{[citation needed]}

Effects

Testing by one group found that super seeding can help save an upload ratio of around 20%. It works best when the upload speed of the seed is greater than that of individual peers.^[4]

Super seeding transfers stall when there is only one downloading client. The seeders will not send more data until a second client receives the data. To avoid this, rTorrent continues to offer more pieces to the peers without waiting for confirmation, until it is uploading at its configured capacity.^[5]

Supporting clients

BitComet (Feature added in v.1.16. Renamed to Initial-Seeding in v.1.17.)
BitTorrent version 6.0
Deluge since version 2.00
Halite^[6]
KTorrent 4.1
libtorrent
qBittorrent
rTorrent version 0.8.2
Tixati since version 1.34
μTorrent (Named "Initial Seeding")
Vuze (formerly Azureus)

References

^ BitTorrent.org Archived 2010-06-12 at the Wayback Machine. Bittorrent.org (2008-02-25). Retrieved on 2011-12-03.
^ "A Lesson in Seeding and Super-Seeding". Archived from the original on 2016-11-04. Retrieved 2016-11-02.
^ "Super Seeding - VuzeWiki". Archived from the original on 2016-09-22. Retrieved 2016-11-02.
^ Chen, Zhijia; Chen, Yang; Lin, Chuang; Nivargi, V.; Cao, P. (2008-05-30), "Experimental Analysis of Super-Seeding in BitTorrent", ICC '08. IEEE International Conference on Communications, 2008. ICC '08., Beijing, China: IEEE, p. 65, doi:10.1109/ICC.2008.20, S2CID 17965266
^ RTorrentInitialSeeding – The libTorrent and rTorrent Project. Libtorrent.rakshasa.no. Retrieved on 2011-12-03.
^ "BinaryNotions.com » Halite BitTorrent Client". Archived from the original on 2008-01-19.

External links

Description of original super-seed algorithm in BitTornado
Report by Robb Toploski (Issue #4 & 5 are regarding Super Seeding)

[1] BitTorrent.org Archived 2010-06-12 at the Wayback Machine. Bittorrent.org (2008-02-25). Retrieved on 2011-12-03.

[2] "A Lesson in Seeding and Super-Seeding". Archived from the original on 2016-11-04. Retrieved 2016-11-02.

[3] "Super Seeding - VuzeWiki". Archived from the original on 2016-09-22. Retrieved 2016-11-02.

[Chen2008-4] Chen, Zhijia; Chen, Yang; Lin, Chuang; Nivargi, V.; Cao, P. (2008-05-30), "Experimental Analysis of Super-Seeding in BitTorrent", ICC '08. IEEE International Conference on Communications, 2008. ICC '08., Beijing, China: IEEE, p. 65, doi:10.1109/ICC.2008.20, S2CID 17965266

[5] RTorrentInitialSeeding – The libTorrent and rTorrent Project. Libtorrent.rakshasa.no. Retrieved on 2011-12-03.

[6] "BinaryNotions.com » Halite BitTorrent Client". Archived from the original on 2008-01-19.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|BitTorrent uploading algorithm}}
-{{More citations needed|date=October 2012}}
-In [[file sharing]], '''super-seeding''' (aka 'Initial Seeding') is an [[algorithm]] developed by John Hoffman for the [[BitTorrent (protocol)|BitTorrent communications protocol]] that helps downloaders become uploaders more quickly, but it introduces the danger of total seeding failure if there is only one downloader.
+In [[file sharing]], '''super-seeding''' is an [[algorithm]] developed by John Hoffman for the [[BitTorrent (protocol)|BitTorrent communications protocol]] that helps downloaders become uploaders more quickly, but it introduces the danger of total seeding failure if there is only one downloader.{{Citation needed|date=April 2023}}
-The algorithm applies when there is only one [[Glossary of BitTorrent terms#Seed_/_seeding|seed]] in the [[Glossary of BitTorrent terms#Swarm|swarm]]. By permitting each [[Glossary of BitTorrent terms#Downloader|downloader]] to [[download]] only specific parts of the [[Computer file|files]] listed in a [[Torrent file|torrent]], it allows peers to start [[Seeding (computing)|seeding]] more quickly.<ref>[http://www.bittorrent.org/beps/bep_0016.html BitTorrent.org]. Bittorrent.org (2008-02-25). Retrieved on 2011-12-03.</ref> Peers attached to a seed with super-seeding enabled therefore distribute pieces of the torrent file much more readily before they have completed the download themselves.<ref>http://www.torrentsecurity.com/news/a-lesson-in-seeding-and-super-seeding</ref>{{Dead link|date=September 2020}}<ref>https://wiki.vuze.com/w/Super_Seeding</ref>
+The algorithm applies when there is only one [[Glossary of BitTorrent terms#Seed / seeding|seed]] in the [[Glossary of BitTorrent terms#Swarm|swarm]]. By permitting each [[Glossary of BitTorrent terms#Downloader|downloader]] to [[download]] only specific parts of the [[Computer file|files]] listed in a [[Torrent file|torrent]], it allows peers to start [[Seeding (computing)|seeding]] more quickly.<ref>[http://www.bittorrent.org/beps/bep_0016.html BitTorrent.org] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100612213325/http://bittorrent.org/beps/bep_0016.html |date=2010-06-12 }}. Bittorrent.org (2008-02-25). Retrieved on 2011-12-03.</ref> Peers attached to a seed with super-seeding enabled therefore distribute pieces of the torrent file much more readily before they have completed the download themselves.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.torrentsecurity.com/news/a-lesson-in-seeding-and-super-seeding |title=A Lesson in Seeding and Super-Seeding |access-date=2016-11-02 |archive-date=2016-11-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161104142531/http://www.torrentsecurity.com/news/a-lesson-in-seeding-and-super-seeding/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://wiki.vuze.com/w/Super_Seeding|title=Super Seeding - VuzeWiki|access-date=2016-11-02|archive-date=2016-09-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160922195354/http://wiki.vuze.com/w/Super_Seeding|url-status=live}}</ref>
-In 2003, BitTornado became the first [[Comparison of BitTorrent clients|BitTorrent client]] to implement the algorithm.
+In 2003, BitTornado became the first [[Comparison of BitTorrent clients|BitTorrent client]] to implement the algorithm.{{Citation needed|date=April 2023}}
 ==Effects==
-Testing by one group found that super seeding can help save an upload ratio of around 20%. It works best when the upload speed of the seed is greater than that of individual peers.<ref name="Chen2008">{{Citation| first1=Zhijia | last1=Chen| first2=Yang|last2=Chen|first3=Chuang|last3=Lin|last4=Nivargi|first4=V.|last5=Cao|first5=P.| contribution=Experimental Analysis of Super-Seeding in BitTorrent| title=ICC '08. IEEE International Conference on Communications, 2008. ICC '08.| publisher=IEEE| place=Beijing, China| page=65| date=2008-05-30| doi= 10.1109/ICC.2008.20}}</ref>
+Testing by one group found that super seeding can help save an upload ratio of around 20%. It works best when the upload speed of the seed is greater than that of individual peers.<ref name="Chen2008">{{Citation |first1=Zhijia |last1=Chen |first2=Yang |last2=Chen |first3=Chuang |last3=Lin |last4=Nivargi |first4=V. |last5=Cao |first5=P. |contribution=Experimental Analysis of Super-Seeding in BitTorrent| title=ICC '08. IEEE International Conference on Communications, 2008. ICC '08.| publisher=IEEE| place=Beijing, China| page=65| date=2008-05-30| doi= 10.1109/ICC.2008.20| s2cid=17965266}}</ref>
-Super seeding transfers stall when there is only one downloading client. The seeders will not send more data until a second client receives the data. To avoid this, [[rTorrent]] continues to offer more pieces to the peers without waiting for confirmation, until it is uploading at its configured capacity.<ref>[http://libtorrent.rakshasa.no/wiki/RTorrentInitialSeeding RTorrentInitialSeeding – The libTorrent and rTorrent Project]. Libtorrent.rakshasa.no. Retrieved on 2011-12-03.</ref>{{Dead link|date=September 2020}} This improves the upload speed until enough peers have joined the swarm, at the cost of not being able to detect cheating peers, who engage in such anti-social actions as downloading only from seeds, downloading from the fastest peers, or advertising false pieces.{{citation-needed|date=April 2020}}
+Super seeding transfers stall when there is only one downloading client. The seeders will not send more data until a second client receives the data. To avoid this, [[rTorrent]] continues to offer more pieces to the peers without waiting for confirmation, until it is uploading at its configured capacity.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20111209183120/http://libtorrent.rakshasa.no/wiki/RTorrentInitialSeeding RTorrentInitialSeeding – The libTorrent and rTorrent Project]. Libtorrent.rakshasa.no. Retrieved on 2011-12-03.</ref>
 == Supporting clients ==
+{{div col|colwidth=15em|content=
-*BiglyBT
 * [[BitComet]] (Feature added in v.1.16. Renamed to Initial-Seeding in v.1.17.)
 * [[BitTorrent (software)|BitTorrent]] version 6.0
 * [[Deluge (software)|Deluge]] since version 2.00
-* Halite<ref>http://www.binarynotions.com/halite-bittorrent-client/</ref>
+* Halite<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.binarynotions.com/halite-bittorrent-client/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080119182107/http://www.binarynotions.com/halite-bittorrent-client |archive-date=2008-01-19 |title=BinaryNotions.com » Halite BitTorrent Client}}</ref>
 * [[KTorrent]] 4.1
 *[[libtorrent]]
@@ Line 24: / Line 25: @@
 * [[μTorrent]] (Named "Initial Seeding")
 * [[Vuze]] (formerly Azureus)
+}}
 ==References==
-{{Reflist|30em}}
+{{Reflist}}
 ==External links==
@@ Line 34: / Line 36: @@
 {{BitTorrent}}
-{{DEFAULTSORT:Super-seeding}}
 [[Category:BitTorrent]]

v t e BitTorrent
Companies	Rainberry, Inc. Vuze, Inc.
People	Bram Cohen Ross Cohen Eric Klinker Ashwin Navin
Technology	Glossary Broadcatching Distributed hash tables DNA I2P index Local Peer Discovery Peer exchange Protocol encryption Super-seeding Tracker Torrent file TCP UDP µTP WebRTC WebTorrent
Clients (comparison, usage share)	BitTorrent (original client) BitComet BitLord Deluge Free Download Manager FlashGet FrostWire GetRight Go!Zilla KTorrent libtorrent (library) LimeWire µTorrent Miro MLDonkey qBittorrent rTorrent Shareaza Tixati Transmission Tribler Vuze (formerly Azureus) WebTorrent Desktop Xunlei
Tracker software (comparison)	OpenBitTorrent opentracker PeerTracker
Search engines (comparison)	1337x BTDigg Demonoid etree Nyaa Torrents Tamil Rockers The Pirate Bay ruTracker.org YggTorrent YourBittorrent
Defunct sites (comparison)	BTJunkie ExtraTorrent EZTV isoHunt KickassTorrents LokiTorrent Mininova Oink's Pink Palace RARBG Suprnova.org t411 Torrent Project TorrentSpy Torrentz What.CD YIFY YouTorrent
Related topics	aXXo BitTorrent Open Source License Glossary of BitTorrent terms Popcorn Time Slyck.com TorrentFreak
Category Commons