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[[File:Distrikt Galizien.jpg|thumb|Administrative division of the district]]
[[File:Distrikt Galizien.jpg|thumb|Administrative division of the district]]
The '''District of Galicia''' ({{lang-de|Distrikt Galizien}}, {{lang-pl|Dystrykt Galicja}}, {{lang-ua|Дистрикт Галичина}}) was a World War II administrative unit of the [[General Government]] created by Nazi Germany on 1 August 1941 after the start of [[Operation Barbarossa]]. Initially, during the [[Invasion of Poland|invasion of Poland by Germany and the Soviet Union]], the territory temporarily fell under the Soviet occupation in 1939 as part of [[Soviet Ukraine]].
The '''District of Galicia''' ({{lang-de|Distrikt Galizien}}, {{lang-pl|Dystrykt Galicja}}, {{lang-ua|Дистрикт Галичина}}) was a World War II administrative unit of the [[General Government]] created by Nazi Germany on 1 August 1941 after the start of [[Operation Barbarossa]], based loosely within the borders of the ancient Principality of Galicia and the more recent [[Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria]]. Initially, during the [[Invasion of Poland|invasion of Poland by Germany and the Soviet Union]], the territory temporarily fell under Soviet occupation in 1939 as part of [[Soviet Ukraine]].


Adolf Hitler formed a capital in Lemberg ([[Lviv]]) (Document No. 1997-PS of 17 July 1941), and the district existed from 1941 until 1944. It ceased to exist after the Soviet counter-offensive.<ref name="Bewersdorf">{{cite web | url=http://www.beirat-fuer-geschichte.de/fileadmin/pdf/band_19/Demokratische_Geschichte_Band_19_Essay_5.pdf | title=Hans-Adolf Asbach. Eine Nachkriegskarriere | publisher=Demokratische Geschichte | work=Band 19 Essay 5 | access-date=June 26, 2013 | author=Arne Bewersdorf | pages=1&ndash;42 | language=de}}</ref><ref name="Paczkowski">{{cite book |author-link=Andrzej Paczkowski |last=Paczkowski |first=Andrzej |translator=Jane Cave |title=The Spring Will Be Ours: Poland and the Poles from Occupation to Freedom |year=2003 |publisher=[[Penn State]] Press |isbn=0-271-02308-2 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WoKQWem2yl4C&pg=PA54 |pages=54– }}</ref>
Adolf Hitler formed a capital in Lemberg ([[Lviv]]) (Document No. 1997-PS of 17 July 1941), and the district existed from 1941 until 1944. It ceased to exist after the Soviet counter-offensive.<ref name="Bewersdorf">{{cite web | url=http://www.beirat-fuer-geschichte.de/fileadmin/pdf/band_19/Demokratische_Geschichte_Band_19_Essay_5.pdf | title=Hans-Adolf Asbach. Eine Nachkriegskarriere | publisher=Demokratische Geschichte | work=Band 19 Essay 5 | access-date=June 26, 2013 | author=Arne Bewersdorf | pages=1&ndash;42 | language=de}}</ref><ref name="Paczkowski">{{cite book |author-link=Andrzej Paczkowski |last=Paczkowski |first=Andrzej |translator=Jane Cave |title=The Spring Will Be Ours: Poland and the Poles from Occupation to Freedom |year=2003 |publisher=[[Penn State]] Press |isbn=0-271-02308-2 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WoKQWem2yl4C&pg=PA54 |pages=54– }}</ref>


==History==
==History==
The District of Galicia comprised mainly the pre-war [[Lwów Voivodeship]] of the [[Second Polish Republic]], today part of [[western Ukraine]], held under a 25-year Mandate from the [[League of Nations]]. The territory was taken over by [[Nazi Germany]] in 1941 after [[Operation Barbarossa|the attack on the USSR]] and incorporated into the [[General Government]], governed by ''Gauleiter'' [[Hans Frank]] since the invasion of 1939. The region was taken over again by the [[Soviet Union]] in 1944.
The District of Galicia comprised mainly the pre-war [[Lwów Voivodeship]] of the [[Second Polish Republic]] (today part of [[western Ukraine]]). The territory was taken over by [[Nazi Germany]] in 1941 after [[Operation Barbarossa|the attack on the USSR]] and incorporated into the [[General Government]], governed by ''Gauleiter'' [[Hans Frank]] since the invasion of 1939. The region was taken over again by the [[Soviet Union]] in 1944.


The district area was managed by Frank's [[brother-in-law]] Karl Lasch ([[:de:Karl Lasch|de]], [[:pl:Karl Lasch|pl]]) from 1 August 1941 to 6 January 1942, and by [[SS]] [[Brigadeführer]] Dr. [[Otto Wächter]] from 6 January 1942 to September 1943. Wächter utilised the district capital [[Lvov|Lemberg]] (pl: Lwów, ukr: Lviv) as a recruitment base for the [[14th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS Galicia (1st Ukrainian)]]. In the course of [[the Holocaust in occupied Poland]] starting from the year of the invasion, the largest [[Polish Jews|Jewish]] [[Ghettos in Nazi-occupied Europe|extermination ghettos]] were [[Lwów Ghetto|created in Lwów (Lemberg)]] and [[Stanisławów Ghetto|in Stanisławów (Stanislau)]].<ref name="yadvashem-Pohl">{{cite book |author=Dieter Pohl |title=Hans Krueger and the Murder of the Jews in the Stanislawow Region (Galicia) |url=http://yad-vashem.org.il/odot_pdf/Microsoft%20Word%20-%202292.pdf |format=PDF file from Yad Vashem.org |pages=12/13, 17/18, 21 |quote=It is impossible to determine what [[Hans Krueger|Krueger's]] exact responsibility was in connection with "Bloody Sunday" [massacre of 12 October 1941 in Stanisławów]. It is clear that a massacre of such proportions under German civil administration was virtually unprecedented.}}</ref>
The district area was managed by Frank's [[brother-in-law]] Karl Lasch ([[:de:Karl Lasch|de]], [[:pl:Karl Lasch|pl]]) from 1 August 1941 to 6 January 1942, and by [[SS]] [[Brigadeführer]] Dr. [[Otto Wächter]] from 6 January 1942 to September 1943. Wächter utilised the district capital [[Lvov|Lemberg]] (pl: Lwów, ukr: Lviv) as a recruitment base for the [[14th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS Galicia (1st Ukrainian)]]. In the course of [[the Holocaust in occupied Poland]] starting from the year of the invasion, the largest [[Polish Jews|Jewish]] [[Ghettos in Nazi-occupied Europe|extermination ghettos]] were [[Lwów Ghetto|created in Lwów (Lemberg)]] and [[Stanisławów Ghetto|in Stanisławów (Stanislau)]].<ref name="yadvashem-Pohl">{{cite book |author=Dieter Pohl |title=Hans Krueger and the Murder of the Jews in the Stanislawow Region (Galicia) |url=http://yad-vashem.org.il/odot_pdf/Microsoft%20Word%20-%202292.pdf |format=PDF file from Yad Vashem.org |pages=12/13, 17/18, 21 |quote=It is impossible to determine what [[Hans Krueger|Krueger's]] exact responsibility was in connection with "Bloody Sunday" [massacre of 12 October 1941 in Stanisławów]. It is clear that a massacre of such proportions under German civil administration was virtually unprecedented.}}</ref>
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{{Officeholder table
{{Officeholder table
| order = 1
| order = 1
| image =
| image = Karl Lasch.jpg
| officeholder = {{ill|Karl Lasch|de}}
| officeholder = {{ill|Karl Lasch|de}}
| officeholder_sort = Lasch, Karl
| officeholder_sort = Lasch, Karl

Latest revision as of 15:19, 17 May 2023

District of Galicia
Distrikt Galizien
District of General Governorate
1941–1944

The District of Galicia (green), from 1941–1944
CapitalLemberg
Area 
• 
51,200 km2 (19,800 sq mi)
Population 
• 
4,400,000
Historical eraWorld War II
• Established
1941
• Disestablished
1944
Preceded by
Lviv Oblast
Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast
Ternopil Oblast
General Government
Today part ofUkraine
Administrative division of the district

The District of Galicia (German: Distrikt Galizien, Polish: Dystrykt Galicja, Ukrainian: Дистрикт Галичина) was a World War II administrative unit of the General Government created by Nazi Germany on 1 August 1941 after the start of Operation Barbarossa, based loosely within the borders of the ancient Principality of Galicia and the more recent Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria. Initially, during the invasion of Poland by Germany and the Soviet Union, the territory temporarily fell under Soviet occupation in 1939 as part of Soviet Ukraine.

Adolf Hitler formed a capital in Lemberg (Lviv) (Document No. 1997-PS of 17 July 1941), and the district existed from 1941 until 1944. It ceased to exist after the Soviet counter-offensive.[1][2]

History

[edit]

The District of Galicia comprised mainly the pre-war Lwów Voivodeship of the Second Polish Republic (today part of western Ukraine). The territory was taken over by Nazi Germany in 1941 after the attack on the USSR and incorporated into the General Government, governed by Gauleiter Hans Frank since the invasion of 1939. The region was taken over again by the Soviet Union in 1944.

The district area was managed by Frank's brother-in-law Karl Lasch (de, pl) from 1 August 1941 to 6 January 1942, and by SS Brigadeführer Dr. Otto Wächter from 6 January 1942 to September 1943. Wächter utilised the district capital Lemberg (pl: Lwów, ukr: Lviv) as a recruitment base for the 14th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS Galicia (1st Ukrainian). In the course of the Holocaust in occupied Poland starting from the year of the invasion, the largest Jewish extermination ghettos were created in Lwów (Lemberg) and in Stanisławów (Stanislau).[3]

Governors

[edit]
No. Portrait Governor Took office Left office Time in office
1
Karl Lasch [de]
Lasch, KarlKarl Lasch [de]
(1904–1942)		1 August 19416 January 19425 months
2
Otto Wächter
Wächter, OttoOtto Wächter
(1901–1949)		22 January 1942August 19442 years, 6 months

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Arne Bewersdorf. "Hans-Adolf Asbach. Eine Nachkriegskarriere" (PDF). Band 19 Essay 5 (in German). Demokratische Geschichte. pp. 1–42. Retrieved June 26, 2013.
  2. ^ Paczkowski, Andrzej (2003). The Spring Will Be Ours: Poland and the Poles from Occupation to Freedom. Translated by Jane Cave. Penn State Press. pp. 54–. ISBN 0-271-02308-2.
  3. ^ Dieter Pohl. Hans Krueger and the Murder of the Jews in the Stanislawow Region (Galicia) (PDF file from Yad Vashem.org). pp. 12/13, 17/18, 21. It is impossible to determine what Krueger's exact responsibility was in connection with "Bloody Sunday" [massacre of 12 October 1941 in Stanisławów]. It is clear that a massacre of such proportions under German civil administration was virtually unprecedented.

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