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{{Short description|Variety of grape}}
{{Infobox grape variety
{{Infobox grape variety
| name = Limnio
| name = Limnio
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'''Limnio''' is a red [[Greek wine]] [[grape variety]]<ref name="VIVC">{{cite web |url=http://www.vivc.de/datasheet/dataResult.php?data=6835 |title=Limnio |work=[[Vitis International Variety Catalogue]] |accessdate=2010-01-30}}</ref> with a long history of wine production that may extend back to [[Ancient Greece (wine)|Ancient Greece]]. As a [[varietal]], Limnio produces wines with moderate [[tannin]]s levels and a distinctive [[mineral]] aroma.<ref name="Robinson pg 141"> J. Robinson ''Jancis Robinson's Wine Course'' Third Edition pg 141 Abbeville Press 2003 ISBN 0789208830 </ref>
'''Limnio''' (LIM-nee-oh) is a red [[Greek wine]] [[grape variety]]<ref name="VIVC">{{cite web |url=http://www.vivc.de/index.php?r=passport%2Fview&id=6835 |title=Limnio |work=[[Vitis International Variety Catalogue]] |access-date=2018-12-05}}</ref> that is [[indigenous (ecology)|indigenous]] to the [[Greek island]] of [[Lemnos]]. The grape has had a long [[history of wine]] production that may extend back to [[Ancient Greece (wine)|Ancient Greece]] with wine historians widely believing it was the grape variety, ''Lemnia'', that was described by [[Aristotle]] as producing the famous red Lemnian wine.<ref name="wine grapes">J. Robinson ''Jancis Robinson's Guide to Wine Grapes'' pg 96 Oxford University Press 1996 {{ISBN|0-19-860098-4}}</ref><ref>Xpat Athens News ''"[http://www.xpatathens.com/news/22454 Ancient theatre on Limnos opens after 2,500 years] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718132825/http://www.xpatathens.com/news/22454 |date=2011-07-18 }}"'' December 8th, 2010</ref> According to wine expert [[Oz Clarke]], Limnio is "One of Greece's most important red vines."<ref name="Clarke pg 116-117">Oz Clarke ''Encyclopedia of Grapes'' pg 116-117 Harcourt Books 2001 {{ISBN|0-15-100714-4}}</ref>

==History==
[[File:Aristotle Cod. vindob. phil. gr. 64.jpg|right|thumb|In his writings, Aristotle described a wine from the island of Lemos that was made from a grape, Limnia, that today is widely believed to be Limnio.]]
According to wine expert [[Jancis Robinson]], Limnio was almost certainly the ''Lemnia'' grape described by Aristotle as a specialty of the island of Limnos<ref name="Robinson pg 225">J. Robinson ''Vines, Grapes & Wines'' pg 225 Mitchell Beazley 1986 {{ISBN|1-85732-999-6}}</ref>-an assessment shared by other wine experts and historians.<ref name="Wine pg 729">A. Domine (ed.) ''Wine'', pp. 729, Ullmann Publishing, 2008 {{ISBN|978-3-8331-4611-4}}</ref><ref>Dana Facaros and Linda Theodorou ''"[https://books.google.com/books?id=UlBjpoeo9-gC&dq=Limnio+grape+Aristotle&pg=PA71 Greece]"'' pg 71. Accessed: December 28th, 2010</ref><ref>Karen MacNeil ''"[https://books.google.com/books?id=okibbSs7LxUC&dq=Limnio+grape+Aristotle&pg=PA72 The Wine Bible]"'' pg 72. Accessed: December 28th, 2010</ref> A ''Limnia'' grape was also referenced in Ancient Greek writings by [[Hesiod]] and [[Polydeuctes]].<ref name="Greek winemakers">Greek Winemakers Association ''"[http://www.greekwinemakers.com/czone/varieties/redvar.shtml Red Greek Varieties] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041209200809/http://greekwinemakers.com/czone/varieties/redvar.shtml |date=2004-12-09 }}"'' Limnio, Accessed: December 28th, 2010</ref>

==Wine regions==
[[File:GR Lemnos.PNG|left|thumb|Location of Lemnos, ancestral home of the Greek wine grape Limnio.]]
Today, Limnio is still being produced on Lemnos, though it is not utilized in the [[appellation]] wine produced on the island.<ref name="Clarke pg 116-117"/> (Technically the only appellation wine produced on Lemnos is from [[Muscat of Alexandria]]<ref name="Greek winemakers"/> According to information by the Union of Agricultural Cooperatives of Lemnos (E.A.S.) the total production of Muscat of Alexandria (white wine), delivered by the producers to the Union, was 2,449 tonnes of grapes, while Limnio (Kalambaki) was 86 tones.)<ref name="wine grapes"/> with notable plantings around [[Mount Athos]].<ref name="Robinson pg 225"/> It is a principal grape variety in the [[Playies Melitona]] [[Appellation of Origin]] (A.O.) as well as the [[Drama TI]] (a Greek wine region similar to a ''[[vin de pays]]'') in [[Macedonia (Greece)|Macedonia]].<ref name="Sotheby pg 434-436">T. Stevenson ''"The Sotheby's Wine Encyclopedia"'' pg 434-436 Dorling Kindersley 2005 {{ISBN|0-7566-1324-8}}</ref>

==Viticulture and winemaking==
Limnio vines are known for their hardiness and ability to survive harsh droughts. The grapes have the ability to produce high [[must weights]] that translates into noticeable [[alcohol levels]]. They are generally [[late ripening]] with [[phenols]] that will produces enhanced herbaceous tones if the grapes are not [[harvested (wine)|harvested]] early. Today it is often blended with [[Cabernet Sauvignon]] in [[Meritage]]-style wines. Other grape varieties that may be blended with Limnio include [[Cabernet Franc]], [[Cinsaut]], [[Grenache]], [[Petite Sirah]], [[Merlot]], [[Aghiorgitiko]] and [[Xynomavro]].<ref name="Greek winemakers"/><ref name="Sotheby pg 434-436"/>

==Wine styles and food pairing==
As a [[varietal]], Limnio produces [[body (wine)|full bodied]] wines with moderate [[grape tannins|tannin]]s and [[acidity (wine)|acidity]] levels and a distinctive [[mineral]] aroma.<ref name="Robinson pg 141">J. Robinson ''Jancis Robinson's Wine Course'' Third Edition pg 141 Abbeville Press 2003 {{ISBN|0-7892-0883-0}}</ref> When blended, Limnio adds [[color (wine)|color]], weight, acidity and an herbal [[aroma (wine)|aroma]] which Oz Clarke describes as reminiscent of [[bay leaves]].<ref name="Clarke pg 116-117"/> Wines made from Limnio are often paired with [[aged cheeses]], [[game meat]] and [[roast]]ed dishes.<ref>Nestor Imports ''"[http://www.nestorimports.com/greek-grape-varietals/ Greek Grape Varietals] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140604091635/http://www.nestorimports.com/greek-grape-varietals/ |date=2014-06-04 }}"'' Limnio entry. Accessed: December 28th, 2010</ref>


==Synonyms==
==Synonyms==
Limnio is also known under the synonyms Kalabaki, Kalambaki, Kalampaki, Lembiotiko, Lemnia, Lemnio, Lemniotico, Lemniotiko, Limniona, Limniotico, Mavro Limnio, Ntourou Kara, and Ntoyrou Kara.<ref name="VIVC"/>
Limnio is also known under the synonyms Kalabaki, Kalambaki, Kalampaki, Lembiotiko, Lemnia, Lemnio, Lemniotico, Lemniotiko, Limniotico, Mavro Limnio, Ntourou Kara, and Ntoyrou Kara.<ref name="VIVC"/>


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}


[[Category:Grape varieties of Greece]]
{{wine-grape-stub}}
[[Category:Red wine grape varieties]]

[[Category:Red wine grape varieties]]
[[Category:Lemnos]]

[[de:Limnio]]

Latest revision as of 07:57, 17 March 2023

Limnio
Grape (Vitis)
Color of berry skinNoir
SpeciesVitis vinifera
Also calledSee list of synonyms
OriginGreece
VIVC number6835

Limnio (LIM-nee-oh) is a red Greek wine grape variety[1] that is indigenous to the Greek island of Lemnos. The grape has had a long history of wine production that may extend back to Ancient Greece with wine historians widely believing it was the grape variety, Lemnia, that was described by Aristotle as producing the famous red Lemnian wine.[2][3] According to wine expert Oz Clarke, Limnio is "One of Greece's most important red vines."[4]

History

[edit]
In his writings, Aristotle described a wine from the island of Lemos that was made from a grape, Limnia, that today is widely believed to be Limnio.

According to wine expert Jancis Robinson, Limnio was almost certainly the Lemnia grape described by Aristotle as a specialty of the island of Limnos[5]-an assessment shared by other wine experts and historians.[6][7][8] A Limnia grape was also referenced in Ancient Greek writings by Hesiod and Polydeuctes.[9]

Wine regions

[edit]
Location of Lemnos, ancestral home of the Greek wine grape Limnio.

Today, Limnio is still being produced on Lemnos, though it is not utilized in the appellation wine produced on the island.[4] (Technically the only appellation wine produced on Lemnos is from Muscat of Alexandria[9] According to information by the Union of Agricultural Cooperatives of Lemnos (E.A.S.) the total production of Muscat of Alexandria (white wine), delivered by the producers to the Union, was 2,449 tonnes of grapes, while Limnio (Kalambaki) was 86 tones.)[2] with notable plantings around Mount Athos.[5] It is a principal grape variety in the Playies Melitona Appellation of Origin (A.O.) as well as the Drama TI (a Greek wine region similar to a vin de pays) in Macedonia.[10]

Viticulture and winemaking

[edit]

Limnio vines are known for their hardiness and ability to survive harsh droughts. The grapes have the ability to produce high must weights that translates into noticeable alcohol levels. They are generally late ripening with phenols that will produces enhanced herbaceous tones if the grapes are not harvested early. Today it is often blended with Cabernet Sauvignon in Meritage-style wines. Other grape varieties that may be blended with Limnio include Cabernet Franc, Cinsaut, Grenache, Petite Sirah, Merlot, Aghiorgitiko and Xynomavro.[9][10]

Wine styles and food pairing

[edit]

As a varietal, Limnio produces full bodied wines with moderate tannins and acidity levels and a distinctive mineral aroma.[11] When blended, Limnio adds color, weight, acidity and an herbal aroma which Oz Clarke describes as reminiscent of bay leaves.[4] Wines made from Limnio are often paired with aged cheeses, game meat and roasted dishes.[12]

Synonyms

[edit]

Limnio is also known under the synonyms Kalabaki, Kalambaki, Kalampaki, Lembiotiko, Lemnia, Lemnio, Lemniotico, Lemniotiko, Limniotico, Mavro Limnio, Ntourou Kara, and Ntoyrou Kara.[1]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "Limnio". Vitis International Variety Catalogue. Retrieved 2018-12-05.
  2. ^ a b J. Robinson Jancis Robinson's Guide to Wine Grapes pg 96 Oxford University Press 1996 ISBN 0-19-860098-4
  3. ^ Xpat Athens News "Ancient theatre on Limnos opens after 2,500 years Archived 2011-07-18 at the Wayback Machine" December 8th, 2010
  4. ^ a b c Oz Clarke Encyclopedia of Grapes pg 116-117 Harcourt Books 2001 ISBN 0-15-100714-4
  5. ^ a b J. Robinson Vines, Grapes & Wines pg 225 Mitchell Beazley 1986 ISBN 1-85732-999-6
  6. ^ A. Domine (ed.) Wine, pp. 729, Ullmann Publishing, 2008 ISBN 978-3-8331-4611-4
  7. ^ Dana Facaros and Linda Theodorou "Greece" pg 71. Accessed: December 28th, 2010
  8. ^ Karen MacNeil "The Wine Bible" pg 72. Accessed: December 28th, 2010
  9. ^ a b c Greek Winemakers Association "Red Greek Varieties Archived 2004-12-09 at the Wayback Machine" Limnio, Accessed: December 28th, 2010
  10. ^ a b T. Stevenson "The Sotheby's Wine Encyclopedia" pg 434-436 Dorling Kindersley 2005 ISBN 0-7566-1324-8
  11. ^ J. Robinson Jancis Robinson's Wine Course Third Edition pg 141 Abbeville Press 2003 ISBN 0-7892-0883-0
  12. ^ Nestor Imports "Greek Grape Varietals Archived 2014-06-04 at the Wayback Machine" Limnio entry. Accessed: December 28th, 2010
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