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{{Short description|1979 Iranian electoral alliance}}
{{Infobox political party
{{Infobox political party
| name = Quintuple Coalition
| name = Quintuple Coalition
Line 4: Line 5:
| ideology = [[Radical politics|Radicalism]]
| ideology = [[Radical politics|Radicalism]]
| seats1_title = [[Assembly for the Final Review of the Constitution]]
| seats1_title = [[Assembly for the Final Review of the Constitution]]
| seats1 = {{Composition bar|4|73|hex=Red}}
| seats1 = {{Composition bar|5|73|hex=Red}}
| religion = [[Islam]]
| religion = [[Islam]]
| country = Iran
| country = Iran
}}
}}
The '''Quintuple Coalition''' refers to the [[electoral alliance]] of five [[revolutionary]] groups contesting in the [[1979 Iranian Constitutional Convention election]].<ref name="Schirazi"/> The groups in coalition had [[Islamic]] and [[Radical politics|radical]] orientations.<ref name="Schirazi">{{citation|title=The Constitution of Iran: Politics and the State in the Islamic Republic|last=Schirazi|first=Asghar|date=1998|publisher=I.B. Tauris|page=32|isbn=9781860642531}}</ref><ref name="OUP">{{cite book|first1=Rainer|last1=Grote|first2=Tilmann J.|last2=Röder|first3=Ali M.|last3=El-Haj|title=Constitutionalism, Human Rights, and Islam After the Arab Spring|publisher=Oxford University Press|page=832|date=2016|isbn=9780190627645}}</ref> After the elections, the coalition sent an [[open letter]] to [[Ruhollah Khomeini]] and complained about "[[Electoral fraud|fraud]]".<ref name="OUP"/>
The '''Quintuple Coalition''' refers to the [[electoral alliance]] of five [[revolutionary]] groups contesting in the [[1979 Iranian Constitutional Convention election]].<ref name="Schirazi"/> The groups in coalition had [[Islamic]] and [[Radical politics|radical]] orientations.<ref name="Schirazi">{{citation|title=The Constitution of Iran: Politics and the State in the Islamic Republic|last=Schirazi|first=Asghar|date=1998|publisher=I.B. Tauris|page=32|isbn=9781860642531}}</ref><ref name="OUP">{{cite book|first1=Rainer|last1=Grote|first2=Tilmann J.|last2=Röder|first3=Ali M.|last3=El-Haj|title=Constitutionalism, Human Rights, and Islam After the Arab Spring|publisher=Oxford University Press|page=832|date=2016|isbn=9780190627645}}</ref> After the elections, the coalition sent an [[open letter]] to [[Ruhollah Khomeini]] and complained about "[[Electoral fraud|fraud]]".<ref name="OUP"/>

== Parties in coalition ==
== Parties in coalition ==
{{multiple image
| total_width = 430|perrow = 5
| image1=JAMA typography.png| link1 = JAMA (Iranian Party)| alt1 = JAMA
| image2=Jonbesh masthead.png| link2 = | alt2 = JAMA
| image3=SASH logo.png| link3 = | alt3 = The Movement
| image4=PMOI.png| link4 = People's Mujahedin of Iran | alt4 = People's Mujahedin Organization
| image5=| link5 =
| footer = Insignia of the groups in coalition
}}
The five groups were:<ref name="Schirazi"/>
The five groups were:<ref name="Schirazi"/>
* [[JAMA (Iranian Party)|Revolutionary Movement of Muslim People of Iran (JAMA)]], led by [[Kazem Sami]]
* [[JAMA (Iranian Party)|Revolutionary Movement of Muslim People of Iran (JAMA)]], led by [[Kazem Sami]]
* [[People's Mujahedin of Iran|People's Mujahedin Organization]] (MEK), led by [[Massoud Rajavi]]
* [[People's Mujahedin of Iran|People's Mujahedin Organization]] (MEK), led by [[Massoud Rajavi]]
* [[Movement of Militant Muslims]] (MMM), led by [[Habibollah Peyman]]
* [[Movement of Militant Muslims]] (MMM), led by [[Habibollah Peyman]]
* The Movement, led by [[Asghar Sayyed Javadi]] – it was a newly-established and relatively small group that belonged to the [[Centrism|center]]<ref>{{cite book|first=Parviz|last=Daneshvar|title=Revolution in Iran|publisher=Springer|page=138|date=2016|isbn=1349140627}}</ref>
* The Movement for Liberty, led by [[Asghar Sayyed Javadi]]<ref>{{cite book|first1=Mehrzad|last1=Boroujerdi|first2=Kourosh|last2=Rahimkhani|title=Postrevolutionary Iran: A Political Handbook|publisher=Syracuse University Press|isbn=9780815654322|date=2018|page=343}}</ref> – it was a newly-established and relatively small group that belonged to the [[Centrism|center]]<ref>{{cite book|first=Parviz|last=Daneshvar|title=Revolution in Iran|publisher=Springer|page=138|date=2016|isbn=978-1349140626}}</ref>
* Islamic Organization of Council (SASH), led by [[Habibollah Ashouri]] – The group was only briefly active in 1979<ref>{{cite book|first1=Mehrzad|last1=Boroujerdi|first2=Kourosh|last2=Rahimkhani|title=Postrevolutionary Iran: A Political Handbook|publisher=Syracuse University Press|isbn=9780815654322|date=2018|page=345}}</ref>
* Islamic Organization of Council (SASH), led by [[Habibollah Ashouri]] – The group was only briefly active in 1979<ref>{{cite book|first1=Mehrzad|last1=Boroujerdi|first2=Kourosh|last2=Rahimkhani|title=Postrevolutionary Iran: A Political Handbook|publisher=Syracuse University Press|isbn=9780815654322|date=2018|page=345}}</ref>

== Candidates ==
== Candidates ==
On 18 July 1979, the coalition presented its candidates for all 10 seats in [[Tehran]] in an announcement published by ''[[Ayandegan]]'',<ref>{{citation|title=Near East/North Africa Report|volume=2010|page=13|year=1979|publisher=Executive Office of the President, Foreign Broadcast Information Service|series=Joint Publications Research Service}}</ref> including:
On 18 July 1979, the coalition presented its candidates for all 10 seats in [[Tehran]] in an announcement published by ''[[Ayandegan]]''.<ref>{{citation|title=Near East/North Africa Report|volume=2010|page=13|year=1979|publisher=Executive Office of the President, Foreign Broadcast Information Service|series=Joint Publications Research Service}}</ref><ref>{{citation|title=Near East/North Africa Report|volume=2012|pages=60–61|year=1979|publisher=Executive Office of the President, Foreign Broadcast Information Service|series=Joint Publications Research Service}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! #
! Name<ref>{{citation|title=Near East/North Africa Report|volume=2012|page=60–61|year=1979|publisher=Executive Office of the President, Foreign Broadcast Information Service|series=Joint Publications Research Service}}</ref>
|-
|-
! Constituency
| 1
! Candidate endorsed
! Votes
! %
! Rank
! Result
|-
|rowspan=10|[[1979 Iranian constitutional assembly election in Tehran|Tehran]]
| [[Mahmoud Taleghani]]
| [[Mahmoud Taleghani]]
|2,016,801
|79.86
|1st
|'''Won'''
|-
|-
| 2
| [[Ezzatollah Sahabi]]
|-
| 3
| [[Ali Golzadeh Ghafouri]]
| [[Ali Golzadeh Ghafouri]]
|1,560,970
|61.81
|4th
|'''Won'''
|-
|-
| [[Ezzatollah Sahabi]]
| 4
|1,449,713
| [[Asghar Sayyed Javadi]]
|57.41
|6th
|'''Won'''
|-
|-
| [[Asghar Sayyed Javadi]]{{efn|group=lower-alpha|name="MF"|Member of the Movement for Freedom}}
| 5
|298,360
| [[Massoud Rajavi]]
|11.81
|11th
|Defeated
|-
| [[Massoud Rajavi]]{{efn|group=lower-alpha|name="MEK"|Member of the People's Mujahedin Organization}}
|297,707
|11.79
|12th
|Defeated
|-
|-
| 6
| [[Abdolkarim Lahiji]]
| [[Abdolkarim Lahiji]]
|179,798
|7.12
|14th
|Defeated
|-
| [[Habibollah Peyman]]{{efn|group=lower-alpha|name="MMM"|Member of the Movement of Militant Muslims}}
|164,644
|6.52
|15th
|Defeated
|-
| [[Nasser Katouzian]]{{efn|group=lower-alpha|name="MF"}}
|110,859
|4.39
|21st
|Defeated
|-
| [[Tahereh Saffarzadeh]]{{efn|group=lower-alpha|name="MMM"}}
|101,778
|4.03
|22nd
|Defeated
|-
| [[Nezameddin Ghahari]]{{efn|group=lower-alpha|name="JAMA"|Member of the JAMA}}
|36,791
|1.46
|31st
|Defeated
|-
|rowspan=3|[[1979 Iranian constitutional assembly election in East Azerbaijan|East Azerbaijan]]
| Ahmad Hanifnejad{{efn|group=lower-alpha|name="MEK"}}
|76,173
|8.47
|13th
|Defeated
|-
| Hossein Khosrowshahi{{efn|group=lower-alpha|name="MEK"}}
|27,966
|3.11
|14th
|Defeated
|-
| Mousa Sheikhzadegan
|colspan=4 align=center|Did not run
|-
|rowspan=6|[[1979 Iranian constitutional assembly election in Khorasan|Khorasan]]
| [[Taher Ahmadzadeh]]
|colspan=4 align=center|Did not run
|-
| Mansour Bazargan{{efn|group=lower-alpha|name="MEK"}}
|51,113
|4.81
|11th
|Defeated
|-
| Mahmoud Delasaei
|26,772
|2.52
|18th
|Defeated
|-
| Sirous Sahami
|colspan=4 align=center|Did not run
|-
| [[Mohammad-Taghi Shariati]]
|colspan=4 align=center|Did not run
|-
| Mehdi Zarif-Asgari{{efn|group=lower-alpha|name="JAMA"}}
|23,976
|2.26
|19th
|Defeated
|-
|rowspan=4|[[1979 Iranian constitutional assembly election in Fars|Fars]]
| Hassan Asadi-Lari{{efn|group=lower-alpha|name="JAMA"}}
|colspan=4 align=center|Did not run
|-
| Javad Baraei{{efn|group=lower-alpha|name="MEK"}}
|39,466
|6.42
|8th
|Defeated
|-
| Morteza Kasraeian{{efn|group=lower-alpha|name="JAMA"}}
|18,452
|3.00
|12th
|Defeated
|-
| Mohsen Mahlouji{{efn|group=lower-alpha|name="JAMA"}}
|26,074
|4.24
|10th
|Defeated
|-
|rowspan=2|[[1979 Iranian constitutional assembly election in Hamedan|Hamedan]]
| Davoud Milani
|colspan=4 align=center|Did not run
|-
| Yahya Naziri
|8,583
|2.38
|5th
|Defeated
|-
|rowspan=2|[[1979 Iranian constitutional assembly election in Zanjan|Zanjan]]
| Hadi Motameni{{efn|group=lower-alpha|name="JAMA"}}
|12,179
|3.23
|6th
|Defeated
|-
| Karim Seyyed Javadi
|colspan=4 align=center|Did not run
|-
|rowspan=3|[[1979 Iranian constitutional assembly election in Gilan|Gilan]]
| Shahbaz Shahbazi{{efn|group=lower-alpha|name="MEK"}}
|78,307
|22.62
|5th
|Defeated
|-
| Taher Khoshkholgh
|15,473
|4.47
|9th
|Defeated
|-
| Hadi Pourgol
|colspan=4 align=center|Did not run
|-
|rowspan=4|[[1979 Iranian constitutional assembly election in Isfahan|Isfahan]]
| [[Jalaleddin Taheri]]
|787,687
|83.33
|1st
|'''Won'''
|-
| [[Mohammad Ahmadi-Foroushani]]
|137,623
|14.56
|6th
|Defeated
|-
| Aboutorab Nafisi
|7,205
|0.76
|14th
|Defeated
|-
| Rahmatollah Khaleghi
|10,466
|1.11
|13th
|Defeated
|-
|[[1979 Iranian constitutional assembly election in Semnan|Semnan]]
| Hossein Kharrazi
|colspan=4 align=center|Did not run
|-
|[[1979 Iranian constitutional assembly election in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari|Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari]]
| [[Ahmad Nourbakhsh]]
|24,753
|72.92
|1st
|'''Won'''
|-
|-
|rowspan=5|[[1979 Iranian constitutional assembly election in Mazandaran|Mazandaran]]
| 7
| Hassan Akbari-Marznak
| [[Habibollah Peyman]]
|
|
|
|Defeated
|-
|-
| Morad-Ali Zohari
| 8
|
| [[Nasser Katouzian]]
|
|
|Defeated
|-
|-
| Seifollah Kabirian{{efn|group=lower-alpha|name="MEK"}}
| 9
|
| [[Tahereh Saffarzadeh]]
|
|
|Defeated
|-
|-
| Abouzar Vardasbi{{efn|group=lower-alpha|name="MEK"}}
| 10
|
| [[Nezameddin Ghahari]]
|
|
|Defeated
|-
|-
| Mohammad-Reza Rouhani
|colspan=4 align=center|Did not run
|}
|}
{{reflist|group=lower-alpha}}


== References ==
== See also ==
{{Portal|Iran|Politics}}
{{reflist}}
* [[Coalition of Islamic Parties]]
{{iran-party-stub}}
* [[Septuple Coalition]]
* [[Grand National Alliance (Iran)|Grand National Alliance]]
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Iran defunct parties}}
{{Iran defunct parties}}
{{1979 Iranian constitutional assembly elections}}
{{1979 Iranian constitutional assembly elections}}
[[Category:1979 establishments in Iran]]
[[Category:1979 establishments in Iran]]
[[Category:Aftermath of the Iranian Revolution]]
[[Category:Defunct left-wing political party alliances]]
[[Category:Defunct political party alliances in Iran]]
[[Category:Defunct political party alliances in Iran]]
[[Category:Islamic socialism]]
[[Category:Organizations established in 1979]]
[[Category:Organizations with year of disestablishment missing]]
[[Category:People's Mojahedin Organization of Iran]]

Revision as of 10:49, 31 January 2023

Quintuple Coalition
Founded1979
IdeologyRadicalism
ReligionIslam
Assembly for the Final Review of the Constitution
5 / 73

The Quintuple Coalition refers to the electoral alliance of five revolutionary groups contesting in the 1979 Iranian Constitutional Convention election.[1] The groups in coalition had Islamic and radical orientations.[1][2] After the elections, the coalition sent an open letter to Ruhollah Khomeini and complained about "fraud".[2]

Parties in coalition

JAMA
JAMA
The Movement
People's Mujahedin Organization
Insignia of the groups in coalition

The five groups were:[1]

Candidates

On 18 July 1979, the coalition presented its candidates for all 10 seats in Tehran in an announcement published by Ayandegan.[6][7]

Constituency Candidate endorsed Votes % Rank Result
Tehran Mahmoud Taleghani 2,016,801 79.86 1st Won
Ali Golzadeh Ghafouri 1,560,970 61.81 4th Won
Ezzatollah Sahabi 1,449,713 57.41 6th Won
Asghar Sayyed Javadi[a] 298,360 11.81 11th Defeated
Massoud Rajavi[b] 297,707 11.79 12th Defeated
Abdolkarim Lahiji 179,798 7.12 14th Defeated
Habibollah Peyman[c] 164,644 6.52 15th Defeated
Nasser Katouzian[a] 110,859 4.39 21st Defeated
Tahereh Saffarzadeh[c] 101,778 4.03 22nd Defeated
Nezameddin Ghahari[d] 36,791 1.46 31st Defeated
East Azerbaijan Ahmad Hanifnejad[b] 76,173 8.47 13th Defeated
Hossein Khosrowshahi[b] 27,966 3.11 14th Defeated
Mousa Sheikhzadegan Did not run
Khorasan Taher Ahmadzadeh Did not run
Mansour Bazargan[b] 51,113 4.81 11th Defeated
Mahmoud Delasaei 26,772 2.52 18th Defeated
Sirous Sahami Did not run
Mohammad-Taghi Shariati Did not run
Mehdi Zarif-Asgari[d] 23,976 2.26 19th Defeated
Fars Hassan Asadi-Lari[d] Did not run
Javad Baraei[b] 39,466 6.42 8th Defeated
Morteza Kasraeian[d] 18,452 3.00 12th Defeated
Mohsen Mahlouji[d] 26,074 4.24 10th Defeated
Hamedan Davoud Milani Did not run
Yahya Naziri 8,583 2.38 5th Defeated
Zanjan Hadi Motameni[d] 12,179 3.23 6th Defeated
Karim Seyyed Javadi Did not run
Gilan Shahbaz Shahbazi[b] 78,307 22.62 5th Defeated
Taher Khoshkholgh 15,473 4.47 9th Defeated
Hadi Pourgol Did not run
Isfahan Jalaleddin Taheri 787,687 83.33 1st Won
Mohammad Ahmadi-Foroushani 137,623 14.56 6th Defeated
Aboutorab Nafisi 7,205 0.76 14th Defeated
Rahmatollah Khaleghi 10,466 1.11 13th Defeated
Semnan Hossein Kharrazi Did not run
Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Ahmad Nourbakhsh 24,753 72.92 1st Won
Mazandaran Hassan Akbari-Marznak Defeated
Morad-Ali Zohari Defeated
Seifollah Kabirian[b] Defeated
Abouzar Vardasbi[b] Defeated
Mohammad-Reza Rouhani Did not run
  1. ^ a b Member of the Movement for Freedom
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h Member of the People's Mujahedin Organization
  3. ^ a b Member of the Movement of Militant Muslims
  4. ^ a b c d e f Member of the JAMA

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c Schirazi, Asghar (1998), The Constitution of Iran: Politics and the State in the Islamic Republic, I.B. Tauris, p. 32, ISBN 9781860642531
  2. ^ a b Grote, Rainer; Röder, Tilmann J.; El-Haj, Ali M. (2016). Constitutionalism, Human Rights, and Islam After the Arab Spring. Oxford University Press. p. 832. ISBN 9780190627645.
  3. ^ Boroujerdi, Mehrzad; Rahimkhani, Kourosh (2018). Postrevolutionary Iran: A Political Handbook. Syracuse University Press. p. 343. ISBN 9780815654322.
  4. ^ Daneshvar, Parviz (2016). Revolution in Iran. Springer. p. 138. ISBN 978-1349140626.
  5. ^ Boroujerdi, Mehrzad; Rahimkhani, Kourosh (2018). Postrevolutionary Iran: A Political Handbook. Syracuse University Press. p. 345. ISBN 9780815654322.
  6. ^ Near East/North Africa Report, Joint Publications Research Service, vol. 2010, Executive Office of the President, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, 1979, p. 13
  7. ^ Near East/North Africa Report, Joint Publications Research Service, vol. 2012, Executive Office of the President, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, 1979, pp. 60–61
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