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{{Short description|Braille alphabet of the Czech language}}
{{Infobox writing system
| name = Czech Braille
| altname = Slovak Braille
| type = alphabet
| typedesc =
| time =
| languages = [[Czech language|Czech]]
| fam1 = [[Braille]]
| fam2 = Czechoslovak Braille
| print = [[Czech alphabet]]
| creator =
| sample = Tabulka breillova písma.jpg
| imagesize =
| note = none
}}
'''Czech Braille''' is the [[braille]] alphabet of the [[Czech language]]. Like braille in other Latin-script languages, Czech Braille assigns the 25 basic Latin letters (not including "W") the same as [[Louis Braille]]'s original assignments for French.
'''Czech Braille''' is the [[braille]] alphabet of the [[Czech language]]. Like braille in other Latin-script languages, Czech Braille assigns the 25 basic Latin letters (not including "W") the same as [[Louis Braille]]'s original assignments for French.


==Czech Braille chart==
==Czech Braille chart==
With the exception of ''w'', Czech follows international norms for the basic letters of the alphabet.
⚫
With the exception of ''w'', Czech follows international norms for the basic letters of the alphabet. For letters with diacritics, there are two common strategies: (1) if the base letter does not have a dot 6, dot 6 may be added (''á, č, ď''), or (2) the letter is reversed (''ň, ó, ř, š, ť, ú, ý, ž''). The braille letter for ''ř'' is the international letter for ''w'', so ''w'' has been assigned an idiosyncratic form, which is the reverse of ''ů''. ''Í'' is a stretched ''i''. ''É'' and ''ě'' are not derived from ''e'', but are the reverse of each other.


{| class="wikitable" style="line-height: 1.2"
{| class="wikitable" style="line-height: 1.2"
|- align=center
|- align=center
|{{Braille Cell|1}} <br> [[a]], 1
|{{Braille cell|type=image|1}} <br> [[a]], 1
|{{Braille Cell|16}} <br> [[á]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|16}} <br> [[á]]
|{{Braille Cell|12}} <br> [[b]], 2
|{{Braille cell|type=image|12}} <br> [[b]], 2
|{{Braille Cell|14}} <br> [[c]], 3
|{{Braille cell|type=image|14}} <br> [[c]], 3
|{{Braille Cell|146}} <br> [[č]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|146}} <br> [[č]]
|{{Braille Cell|145}} <br> [[d]], 4
|{{Braille cell|type=image|145}} <br> [[d]], 4
|{{Braille Cell|1456}} <br> [[ď]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|1456}} <br> [[ď]]
|{{Braille Cell|15}} <br> [[e]], 5
|{{Braille cell|type=image|15}} <br> [[e]], 5
|{{Braille Cell|345}} <br> [[é]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|345}} <br> [[é]]
|{{Braille Cell|126}} <br> [[ě]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|126}} <br> [[ě]]
|{{Braille Cell|142}} <br> [[f]], 6
|{{Braille cell|type=image|142}} <br> [[f]], 6
|{{Braille Cell|1425}} <br> [[g]], 7
|{{Braille cell|type=image|1425}} <br> [[g]], 7
|- align=center
|- align=center
|{{Braille Cell|125}} <br> [[h]], 8
|{{Braille cell|type=image|125}} <br> [[h]], 8
|{{Braille Cell|42}} <br> [[i]], 9
|{{Braille cell|type=image|42}} <br> [[i]], 9
|{{Braille Cell|43}} <br> [[í]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|43}} <br> [[í]]
|{{Braille Cell|425}} <br> [[j]], 0
|{{Braille cell|type=image|425}} <br> [[j]], 0
|{{Braille Cell|13}} <br> [[k]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|13}} <br> [[k]]
|{{Braille Cell|123}} <br> [[l]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|123}} <br> [[l]]
|{{Braille Cell|143}} <br> [[m]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|143}} <br> [[m]]
|{{Braille Cell|1453}} <br> [[n]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|1453}} <br> [[n]]
|{{Braille Cell|1426}} <br> [[ň]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|1426}} <br> [[ň]]
|{{Braille Cell|153}} <br> [[o]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|153}} <br> [[o]]
|{{Braille Cell|426}} <br> [[ó]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|426}} <br> [[ó]]
|{{Braille Cell|1423}} <br> [[p]], [[%]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|1423}} <br> [[p]], [[%]]
|- align=center
|- align=center
|{{Braille Cell|14253}} <br> [[q]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|14253}} <br> [[q]]
|{{Braille Cell|1253}} <br> [[r]], [[‰]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|1253}} <br> [[r]], [[‰]]
|{{Braille Cell|4256}} <br> [[ř]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|4256}} <br> [[ř]]
|{{Braille Cell|423}} <br> [[s]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|423}} <br> [[s]]
|{{Braille Cell|156}} <br> [[š]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|156}} <br> [[š]]
|{{Braille Cell|4253}} <br> [[t]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|4253}} <br> [[t]]
|{{Braille Cell|1256}} <br> [[ť]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|1256}} <br> [[ť]]
|{{Braille Cell|136}} <br> [[u]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|136}} <br> [[u]]
|{{Braille Cell|436}} <br> [[ú]], [[§]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|436}} <br> [[ú]], [[§]]
|{{Braille Cell|42536}} <br> [[ů]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|42536}} <br> [[ů]]
|{{Braille Cell|1236}} <br> [[v]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|1236}} <br> [[v]]
|{{Braille Cell|12356}} <br> [[w]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|12356}} <br> [[w]]
|- align=center
|- align=center
|{{Braille Cell|1436}} <br> [[x]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|1436}} <br> [[x]]
|{{Braille Cell|14536}} <br> [[y]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|14536}} <br> [[y]]
|{{Braille Cell|14236}} <br> [[ý]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|14236}} <br> [[ý]]
|{{Braille Cell|1536}} <br> [[z]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|1536}} <br> [[z]]
|{{Braille Cell|4236}} <br> [[ž]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|4236}} <br> [[ž]]
|{{Braille Cell|0}} <br> [[word separator|&nbsp;]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|0}} <br> [[word separator|&nbsp;]]
|{{Braille Cell|3}} <br> [[full stop|.]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|3}} <br> [[full stop|.]]
|{{Braille Cell|2}} <br> [[,]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|2}} <br> [[,]]
|{{Braille Cell|25}} <br> [[colon (punctuation)|:]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|25}} <br> [[colon (punctuation)|:]]
|{{Braille Cell|23}} <br> [[semicolon|;]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|23}} <br> [[semicolon|;]]
|{{Braille Cell|36}} <br> [[-]] ''<small>or</small>'' [[&minus;]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|36}} <br> [[-]] ''<small>or</small>'' [[&minus;]]
|{{Braille Cell|256}} <br> [[+]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|256}} <br> [[+]]
|- align=center
|- align=center
|{{Braille Cell|12456}} <br> [[/]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|12456}} <br> [[/]]
|{{Braille Cell|26}} <br> [[?]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|26}} <br> [[?]]
|{{Braille Cell|253}} <br> [[!]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|253}} <br> [[!]]
|{{Braille Cell|2536}} <br> [["]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|2536}} <br> [["]]
|{{Braille Cell|236}} <br> [[(]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|236}} <br> [[(]]
|{{Braille Cell|536}} <br> [[)]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|536}} <br> [[)]]
|{{Braille Cell|53}} <br> [[*]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|53}} <br> [[*]]
|{{Braille Cell|4}} <br> [[apostrophe|’]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|4}} <br> [[apostrophe|’]]
|{{Braille Cell|456}} <br> [[pipe (typography)|<nowiki>|</nowiki>]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|456}} <br> [[pipe (typography)|<nowiki>|</nowiki>]]
|{{Braille Cell|6}} <br> <small>(Cap)</small>
|{{Braille cell|type=image|6}} <br> <small>(Cap)</small>
|{{Braille Cell|56}} <br> <small>(CAPS)</small>
|{{Braille cell|type=image|56}} <br> <small>(CAPS)</small>
|{{Braille Cell|5}} <br> <small>([[lower case|l.c.]])</small>
|{{Braille cell|type=image|5}} <br> <small>([[lower case|l.c.]])</small>
|}
|}


⚫
For letters with diacritics, there are two common strategies: (1) a dot 6 may be added ''(á, č, ď),'' or (2) the letter is reversed ''(ň, ó, ř, š, ť, ú, ý, ž).'' The Czech braille letter ''ř'' is the international form for ''w'', so ''w'' has been assigned an idiosyncratic form, which is the reverse of ''ů''. ''Í'' is a stretched ''i''. ''É'' and ''ě'' are not derived from ''e'', but are the reverse of each other.
⚫
The numerical prefix, {{Braille Cell|3456}}, derives the second options in the table (the digits, %, ‰, §). There are also prefixes for small and capital Greek letters, {{Braille Cell|45}} and {{Braille Cell|46}}.

{| class="wikitable" style="line-height: 1.2"
|- align=center
|{{Braille cell|type=image|1}} <br> [[a]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|14}} <br> [[c]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|d}} <br> [[d]]
|colspan=2|{{Braille cell|type=image|15}} <br> [[e]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|42}} <br> [[i]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|1453}} <br> [[n]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|153}} <br> [[o]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|1253}} <br> [[r]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|423}} <br> [[s]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|4253}} <br> [[t]]
|colspan=2|{{Braille cell|type=image|136}} <br> [[u]]
|colspan=2|{{Braille cell|type=image|1236}} <br> [[v]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|14536}} <br> [[y]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|1536}} <br> [[z]]
|- align=center
|{{Braille cell|type=image|16}} <br> [[á]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|146}} <br> [[č]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|1456}} <br> [[ď]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|345}} <br> [[é]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|126}} <br> [[ě]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|34}} <br> [[í]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|1426}} <br> [[ň]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|426}} <br> [[ó]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|4256}} <br> [[ř]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|156}} <br> [[š]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|1256}} <br> [[ť]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|436}} <br> [[ú]]
|colspan=2|{{Braille cell|type=image|42536}} <br> [[ů]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|12356}} <br> [[w]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|14236}} <br> [[ý]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|4236}} <br> [[ž]]
|}


⚫
The numerical prefix, {{Braille cell|type=text|3456}}, derives the second options in the table (the digits, %, ‰, §). {{Braille cell|type=text|6}} indicates a capital letter, {{Braille cell|type=text|56}} that a word is in all caps, and {{Braille cell|type=text|5}} indicates lower case. There are also prefixes for small and capital Greek letters, {{Braille cell|type=text|45}} and {{Braille cell|type=text|46}}.

==Slovak Braille==
'''[[Slovak Braille]]''' is similar. ''Ô'' is equivalent to Czech Braille ''ů'', and it does not have the letters ''ě'' or ''ř''. In addition, there are four letters not found in Czech Braille:<ref>[http://unss.sk/sk/braillovo-pismo/braille-abeceda.php Slovenská Braillova abeceda] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130614055336/http://unss.sk/sk/braillovo-pismo/braille-abeceda.php |date=2013-06-14 }}, Únia nevidiacich a slabozrakých Slovenska</ref>

{| class="wikitable" style="line-height: 1.2"
|- align=center
|{{Braille cell|type=image|4}} <br> [[ä]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|46}} <br> [[ĺ]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|456}} <br> [[ľ]]
|{{Braille cell|type=image|12356}} <br> [[ŕ]]
|}


==References==
==References==
*Czech Republic United Organization for the Blind, 2006, [http://www.sons.cz/braillska_abeceda_sada.php ''Slepecká Braillova abeceda'']
*Czech Republic United Organization for the Blind, 2006, [https://web.archive.org/web/20121106050025/http://www.sons.cz/braillska_abeceda_sada.php ''Slepecká Braillova abeceda'']
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}

==See also==
*[http://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Braillovo_p%C3%ADsmo Czech Wikipedia]


{{Braille}}
{{Braille}}
Line 85: Line 147:
[[Category:French-ordered braille alphabets]]
[[Category:French-ordered braille alphabets]]
[[Category:Czech language]]
[[Category:Czech language]]

[[nl:Tsjechisch braille]]

Latest revision as of 03:21, 1 December 2021

Czech Braille
Slovak Braille
Script type
alphabet
Print basis
Czech alphabet
LanguagesCzech
Related scripts
Parent systems
Braille
  • Czechoslovak Braille
    • Czech Braille

Czech Braille is the braille alphabet of the Czech language. Like braille in other Latin-script languages, Czech Braille assigns the 25 basic Latin letters (not including "W") the same as Louis Braille's original assignments for French.

Czech Braille chart

[edit]

With the exception of w, Czech follows international norms for the basic letters of the alphabet.

⠁ (braille pattern dots-1)
a, 1 		⠡ (braille pattern dots-16)
á 		⠃ (braille pattern dots-12)
b, 2 		⠉ (braille pattern dots-14)
c, 3 		⠩ (braille pattern dots-146)
č 		⠙ (braille pattern dots-145)
d, 4 		⠹ (braille pattern dots-1456)
ď 		⠑ (braille pattern dots-15)
e, 5 		⠜ (braille pattern dots-345)
é 		⠣ (braille pattern dots-126)
ě 		⠋ (braille pattern dots-124)
f, 6 		⠛ (braille pattern dots-1245)
g, 7
⠓ (braille pattern dots-125)
h, 8 		⠊ (braille pattern dots-24)
i, 9 		⠌ (braille pattern dots-34)
í 		⠚ (braille pattern dots-245)
j, 0 		⠅ (braille pattern dots-13)
k 		⠇ (braille pattern dots-123)
l 		⠍ (braille pattern dots-134)
m 		⠝ (braille pattern dots-1345)
n 		⠫ (braille pattern dots-1246)
ň 		⠕ (braille pattern dots-135)
o 		⠪ (braille pattern dots-246)
ó 		⠏ (braille pattern dots-1234)
p, %
⠟ (braille pattern dots-12345)
q 		⠗ (braille pattern dots-1235)
r, ‰ 		⠺ (braille pattern dots-2456)
ř 		⠎ (braille pattern dots-234)
s 		⠱ (braille pattern dots-156)
š 		⠞ (braille pattern dots-2345)
t 		⠳ (braille pattern dots-1256)
ť 		⠥ (braille pattern dots-136)
u 		⠬ (braille pattern dots-346)
ú, § 		⠾ (braille pattern dots-23456)
ů 		⠧ (braille pattern dots-1236)
v 		⠷ (braille pattern dots-12356)
w
⠭ (braille pattern dots-1346)
x 		⠽ (braille pattern dots-13456)
y 		⠯ (braille pattern dots-12346)
ý 		⠵ (braille pattern dots-1356)
z 		⠮ (braille pattern dots-2346)
ž 		⠀ (braille pattern blank)
  		⠄ (braille pattern dots-3)
. 		⠂ (braille pattern dots-2)
, 		⠒ (braille pattern dots-25)
: 		⠆ (braille pattern dots-23)
; 		⠤ (braille pattern dots-36)
- or − 		⠲ (braille pattern dots-256)
+
⠻ (braille pattern dots-12456)
/ 		⠢ (braille pattern dots-26)
? 		⠖ (braille pattern dots-235)
! 		⠶ (braille pattern dots-2356)
" 		⠦ (braille pattern dots-236)
( 		⠴ (braille pattern dots-356)
) 		⠔ (braille pattern dots-35)
* 		⠈ (braille pattern dots-4)
’ 		⠸ (braille pattern dots-456)
| 		⠠ (braille pattern dots-6)
(Cap) 		⠰ (braille pattern dots-56)
(CAPS) 		⠐ (braille pattern dots-5)
(l.c.)

For letters with diacritics, there are two common strategies: (1) a dot 6 may be added (á, č, ď), or (2) the letter is reversed (ň, ó, ř, š, ť, ú, ý, ž). The Czech braille letter ř is the international form for w, so w has been assigned an idiosyncratic form, which is the reverse of ů. Í is a stretched i. É and ě are not derived from e, but are the reverse of each other.

⠁ (braille pattern dots-1)
a 		⠉ (braille pattern dots-14)
c 		⠙ (braille pattern dots-145)
d 		⠑ (braille pattern dots-15)
e 		⠊ (braille pattern dots-24)
i 		⠝ (braille pattern dots-1345)
n 		⠕ (braille pattern dots-135)
o 		⠗ (braille pattern dots-1235)
r 		⠎ (braille pattern dots-234)
s 		⠞ (braille pattern dots-2345)
t 		⠥ (braille pattern dots-136)
u 		⠧ (braille pattern dots-1236)
v 		⠽ (braille pattern dots-13456)
y 		⠵ (braille pattern dots-1356)
z
⠡ (braille pattern dots-16)
á 		⠩ (braille pattern dots-146)
č 		⠹ (braille pattern dots-1456)
ď 		⠜ (braille pattern dots-345)
é 		⠣ (braille pattern dots-126)
ě 		⠌ (braille pattern dots-34)
í 		⠫ (braille pattern dots-1246)
ň 		⠪ (braille pattern dots-246)
ó 		⠺ (braille pattern dots-2456)
ř 		⠱ (braille pattern dots-156)
š 		⠳ (braille pattern dots-1256)
ť 		⠬ (braille pattern dots-346)
ú 		⠾ (braille pattern dots-23456)
ů 		⠷ (braille pattern dots-12356)
w 		⠯ (braille pattern dots-12346)
ý 		⠮ (braille pattern dots-2346)
ž


The numerical prefix, ⠼, derives the second options in the table (the digits, %, ‰, §). ⠠ indicates a capital letter, ⠰ that a word is in all caps, and ⠐ indicates lower case. There are also prefixes for small and capital Greek letters, ⠘ and ⠨.

Slovak Braille

[edit]

Slovak Braille is similar. Ô is equivalent to Czech Braille ů, and it does not have the letters ě or ř. In addition, there are four letters not found in Czech Braille:[1]

⠈ (braille pattern dots-4)
ä 		⠨ (braille pattern dots-46)
ĺ 		⠸ (braille pattern dots-456)
ľ 		⠷ (braille pattern dots-12356)
ŕ

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Slovenská Braillova abeceda Archived 2013-06-14 at the Wayback Machine, Únia nevidiacich a slabozrakých Slovenska
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