View source for USS Union (AKA-106)

{{Short description|Tolland class attack cargo ship of the United States Navy}}
{{other ships|USS Union}}
{{More citations needed|date=February 2024}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2021}}
{|{{Infobox ship begin}}
{{Infobox ship image
|Ship image=[[Image:USS Union (AKA-106) anchored off Brooklyn, New York (USA), 29 April 1945 (80-G-320976).jpg|300px|USS Union (AKA-106)]]
|Ship caption=
}}
{{Infobox ship career
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|Ship country=United States
|Ship flag= {{USN flag|1970}}
|Ship name=USS ''Union''
|Ship namesake=* [[Union County, Arkansas]]
* [[Union County, Florida]]
* [[Union County, Georgia]]
* [[Union County, Illinois]]
* [[Union County, Indiana]]
* [[Union County, Iowa]]
* [[Union County, Kentucky]]
* [[Union County, Mississippi]]
* [[Union County, New Jersey]]
* [[Union County, New Mexico]]
* [[Union County, North Carolina]]
* [[Union County, Ohio]]
* [[Union County, Oregon]]
* [[Union County, Pennsylvania]]
* [[Union County, South Carolina]]
* [[Union County, South Dakota]]
* [[Union County, Tennessee]]
* [[Union Parish, Louisiana]]
|Ship ordered=
|Ship builder=[[North Carolina Shipbuilding Company]], [[Wilmington, North Carolina]]
|Ship laid down=27 September 1944
|Ship launched= 23 November 1944
|Ship acquired=
|Ship commissioned=25 April 1945
|Ship decommissioned=5 June 1970
|Ship in service=
|Ship out of service=
|Ship struck=1 September 1976
|Ship renamed=
|Ship reclassified=LKA-106, 1 January 1969
|Ship homeport=
|Ship motto=
|Ship nickname=
|Ship honors=*2 [[battle star]]s (Korea)
* 6 [[campaign star]]s (Vietnam)
|Ship fate=Sold for scrap, September 1977
|Ship notes=
}}
{{Infobox ship characteristics
|Hide header=
|Header caption=
|Ship class={{sclass|Tolland|attack cargo ship}}
|Ship displacement= {{convert|6433|LT|t|0|abbr=on}}
|Ship length= {{convert|459|ft|2|in|m|abbr=on}}
|Ship beam= {{convert|63|ft|m|abbr=on}}
|Ship draft= {{convert|26|ft|4|in|m|abbr=on}}
|Ship depth=
|Ship hold depth=
|Ship propulsion=*GE geared [[turbine]] drive
* Single propeller
* {{convert|6000|shp|MW|abbr=on}}
|Ship speed= {{convert|16.5|kn|lk=in}}
|Ship range=
|Ship boats=
|Ship capacity=
|Ship troops=
|Ship complement=387
|Ship armament=*1 × [[5"/38 caliber gun]]
* 4 × twin [[Bofors 40 mm Automatic Gun L/60|40 mm guns]]
* 16 × [[Oerlikon 20 mm cannon|20 mm guns]]
|Ship armor=
|Ship notes=
}}
|}
'''USS ''Union'' (AKA-106)''' was a {{sclass|Tolland|attack cargo ship}} of the [[United States Navy]], the fourth ship of her name. She served in [[World War II]], the [[Korean War]] and the [[Vietnam War]].

==Construction and career==
She was [[laid down]] as a [[Type C2 ship|Type C2-S-AJ3 ship]] named ''North Carolina'' (MC 1697) on 27 September 1944 by the [[North Carolina Shipbuilding Company]], [[Wilmington, North Carolina]];<ref>Silverstone, p. 313</ref> launched on 23 November 1944 and renamed ''Union'' at the time of launching; sponsored by Mrs. William Olive Burgin; moved to the Bethlehem Shipbuilding Co. at Hoboken, N.J., to undergo conversion into an attack transport for use by the United States Navy; and commissioned on 25 April 1945.

===World War II and afterwards, 1945===
After provisioning and receiving ammunition on 6 May, ''Union'' proceeded to [[Norfolk, Virginia]], for shakedown training. She returned to the [[Norfolk Navy Yard]] on 15 May for availability and loading before departing for [[Pearl Harbor]]. On 27 May, the ship left Norfolk for the [[Panama Canal Zone|Canal Zone]] and arrived at [[Hawaii]] on 18 June 1945. After unloading her cargo and undergoing availability for repairs, ''Union'' left [[Honolulu]] on 16 July en route to [[Eniwetok]] and [[Guam]]. Stopping briefly at Eniwetok on 24 July, ''Union'' proceeded to Guam where she arrived on 2 August 1945.

The ship received orders to transport cargo to [[Leyte]] in the [[Philippines]] and got underway on 20 August. Upon arrival, she was directed to unload and proceed at once to [[Cebu]] where she loaded and transported units of the [[23rd Infantry Division (United States)|Americal Division]] to [[Japan]] as part of Transport Squadron (TransRon) 13, consisting of some 22 ships. The group steamed into [[Yokohama]] harbor on 8 September, and she unloaded her cargo and the Army personnel. Two days later, ''Union'' got underway for a turnaround trip to the Philippines. She was diverted to [[Okinawa Prefecture|Okinawa]] to pick up repatriated prisoners of war for Guam where she arrived on 16 September. ''Union'' remained at Guam through 2 October when she set course for [[Qingdao]], [[China]], to transport marines for occupation duty.

On 24 October 1945, ''Union'' anchored at [[Manila]], then made a round trip to [[Subic Bay]] with {{USS|Leo|AKA-60|3}} to pick up landing craft replacements for the entire squadron. The ship departed Manila Bay on 30 October for [[Haiphong]], [[French Indochina]], to embark elements of the 52nd [[Chinese Nationalist Army]] for transportation to [[Qinhuangdao]], North China. Having disembarked the troops and equipment on 12 November, ''Union'' proceeded to [[Taku, China]], and remained there until she received orders on 1 December. The following day, she set course for Manila Bay, Philippines, thence to [[San Pedro, Los Angeles]], via Pearl Harbor. She arrived in California on 29 December.

===1946–1950===
''Union'' operated out of San Diego conducting local operations between periods of upkeep. Caught in the tremendous postwar personnel turnover, ''Union'' sometimes operated with less than 50 men on board. In early September 1946, she was called upon to transport typhoon relief supplies to Guam. Some ports visited were Pearl Harbor; Guam; [[Saipan]]; [[Samar (island)|Samar Island]], Philippines; Qingdao, and Taku, China. Her amphibious expertise contributed to her success during Operation "Shaft Alley" in Samar and also in resupplying marines at Guam and [[Beijing]]. Christmas morning of 1946 found ''Union'' anchored off Taku Bar where she celebrated the New Year.

Throughout January and February 1947, ''Union'' conducted operations at Samar Island, Philippines; Qingdao, China; and Guam. On 23 February, she departed Samar for San Diego via Pearl Harbor. The ship arrived at San Diego on 22 March, then sailed to the [[Puget Sound Naval Shipyard]] for a scheduled overhaul. On 14 May, the ship departed Puget Sound for San Diego via San Francisco and began preparing for "Barex-47," the 1947 [[Point Barrow]] supply expedition. After loading at [[Port Hueneme, California|Port Hueneme]], ''Union'' and {{USS|Muliphen|AKA-61|3}} departed for [[Seattle]] on 7 July. On 30 July, the expedition left Seattle for the purpose of delivering supplies to agencies north of the Arctic Circle. After unloading at Point Barrow and [[Wainwright, Alaska]], she loaded empty oil drums and old ammunition at [[Kodiak, Alaska]], and delivered her cargo to Seattle on 24 August.

Personnel shortages throughout the Navy necessitated the ship's restricted mobility status for about eight months after she returned to San Diego on 6 September 1947. During the summer of 1948, ''Union'' repeated the Point Barrow resupply trip. On 26 July 1948, "Barex-48" got underway from Seattle. ''Union'' returned to San Diego on 24 August and finished out the year conducting local operations, which included Operations "Satanic" and "Demon."

On 10 January 1949, ''Union'' departed San Diego for "Microex-49," a cold weather amphibious operation off Kodiak and [[Whittier, Alaska]]. The ship returned to San Diego on 25 February and conducted a month of local operations before undergoing overhaul at the Puget Sound Naval Shipyard, Bremerton, Washington, from 31 March to 10 May 1949. Returning to San Diego, ''Union'' prepared for a third Point Barrow trip. The off-loading at Point Barrow, Alaska, was accomplished from 3 to 6 August. On 16 August, ''Union'' arrived back at Port Hueneme, California, and then proceeded to San Diego. She spent the remainder of 1949 in San Diego conducting local operations with the exception of Operation "Miki," a major amphibious exercise in the Hawaiian area held during the month of October.

''Union'' departed Pearl Harbor on 7 November and arrived at Seattle, Washington, for a one-day stay. She returned to her home port on 21 November and operated in the San Diego area until 22 May 1950 when she set course for [[United States Fleet Activities Yokosuka|Yokosuka]], Japan, arriving on 6 June.

===Korean War, 1950–1953===
The [[Korean War]] began on 25 June 1950. On that day, ''Union'' was underway conducting landing exercises at [[Sagami Wan]], [[Honshū]], Japan. She stopped briefly at Yokosuka before arriving at [[United States Fleet Activities Sasebo|Sasebo]] on 3 July for repairs. Repairs and training continued at Yokosuka until ''Union'' sailed to Yokohama on 11 July to embark Army troops and equipment for transportation to [[Pohang]], Korea, on 18 July. Having delivered her cargo, the ship returned to Yokosuka on 25 July and conducted various exercises until 4 September when she arrived at [[Kobe]], Japan, to reload. On 11 September, ''Union'' got underway for [[Jinsen]], Korea, where [[Battle of Inchon|boat landings took place]] four days later amidst mortar, machine gun, and rifle fire. On 21 September, ''Union'' departed for Sasebo, Japan, with seven casualties on board. After delivering the casualties, ''Union'' travelled to Kobe, Japan, arriving on 4 October. She set course for Inchon, Korea, that day and arrived four days later to unload marines and equipment. She stopped at Yonghung Man Kosen, Korea, for five days before arriving at Yokosuka on 2 November. ''Union'' then got underway for San Diego, California, returning to her home port on 22 November 1950.

''Union'' then proceeded to the [[San Francisco Naval Shipyard]] for a regular overhaul which lasted from 1 December 1950 to 14 February 1951. She returned to San Diego on 24 February and operated in her home port area until 5 July. At that time, she set sail for the Puget Sound Naval Shipyard, Bremerton, Washington, for a month of repairs.

The next assignment for ''Union'' was the first of two resupply trips to the [[Pribilof Islands]] of [[St. Paul, Alaska|St. Paul]] and [[St. George, Alaska|St. George]] in the [[Bering Sea]], the homeland of the largest fur-seal herd in the world. Her primary mission was to deliver tons of supplies to personnel of the Bureau of Commercial Fisheries who worked on the two small islands. The ship arrived back at San Diego on 4 September.

Later in September, ''Union'' sailed to Subic Bay, Philippines, carrying heavy earth-moving equipment. She then began forward area amphibious training with the [[45th Infantry Division (United States)|45th Army Division]] off the island of [[Hokkaidō]], Japan. During December, the ship sailed to [[Hong Kong]] and lifted Allied troop replacements to Inchon, Korea. ''Union'' returned to Sasebo, Japan, on 22 December and remained in port through 15 January 1952.

On 19 January 1952, the ship returned to Yokosuka, Japan, and conducted operations between Yokosuka, [[Chigasaki, Kanagawa|Chigasaki]], and Sasebo until March of that year.

On 19 March 1952, ''Union'' helped to shift a battalion of marines from [[Sokcho|Sokcho Ri]], a harbor on the east coast of Korea, to the west coast. After the lift was accomplished, the ship returned to Yokosuka, Japan, on 5 April. After a trip to [[Buckner Bay]] on 19 April and several round trips between Yokosuka and Sasebo, she embarked troops and landed them on the island of [[Koje-do]] on 21 May. ''Union'' departed Yokosuka on 14 June for San Diego via Pearl Harbor. She arrived at San Diego on 2 July 1952 and spent the remainder of the summer in local operations and upkeep. In September, she sailed north to ban Francisco for a regular shipyard overhaul by Mechanix, Inc., which lasted from 25 September to 24 November 1952. ''Union'' spent the remainder of the year in the San Diego area.

The first half of 1953 was spent in refresher training and local operations in the San Diego area. On 14 July, ''Union'' sailed for her fifth cruise to the Orient. The war in Korea was concluded by a truce on 27 July, and ''Union'' arrived at Yokosuka, Japan, on 9 August. She received orders to Korea and [[Operation Big Switch|transported North Korean prisoners of war]] from Koje-do to Inchon in two trips which fully occupied the month of August. From September through November, ''Union'' divided her time between Japan, Korea, and Hong Kong. The ship got underway for the United States on 1 December 1953 and returned to San Diego on 19 December 1953, in time for a leave and upkeep period over the holidays.

===1954–1959===
January through April 1954 found ''Union'' engaged in local operations and upkeep in the San Diego area. On 26 April, she sailed for San Francisco via Port Hueneme, California. From 3 May to 2 July, ''Union'' underwent a regular overhaul at the Todd Shipyards Corp., Alameda, California. The ship returned to San Diego on 11 July and spent the summer in refresher training.

On 1 October, ''Union'' joined Amphibious Squadron 1; and, on the 23rd, she departed for a sixth Western Pacific (WestPac) deployment. ''Union'' arrived at Yokosuka, Japan, on 10 November and underwent voyage repairs. She visited the Japanese ports of [[Osaka]] and Sasebo and celebrated Christmas at sea en route to Korea. While training [[Republic of Korea Marine Corps|Korean Marine Corps]] and [[Republic of Korea Navy|Navy]] units, ''Union'' ushered in the New Year at [[Chinhae]].

In January 1955, ''Union'' proceeded to Subic Bay, Philippines, via Sasebo, Japan. After a restricted availability at Subic and a visit to Hong Kong, ''Union'' departed in February for the [[Tachen]] Islands where she and other ships assisted in [[First Taiwan Strait Crisis|the evacuation of Chinese Nationalist troops]] and refugee civilians. Having landed the evacuees at [[Keelung]] on 13 February, ''Union'' visited Hong Kong, Yokosuka, and [[Beppu]], Japan.

After loading men and equipment of the [[1st Marine Division (United States)|1st Marine Division]] at Inchon, ''Union'' departed on 3 April for a quick turn-around trip to San Diego. She returned to Pusan, Korea, on 20 May and arrived back at San Pedro, California, on 12 June with Marine air group personnel and equipment.

''Union'' spent the month of January 1956 participating in Operation "Cowealex" which called for a landing on [[Umnak]] Island in the [[Aleutian Islands|Aleutians]]. Rough weather necessitated changing the landing site to [[Unalaska Island]] in [[Makuskin Bay]]. The ship returned to San Diego on 9 February and conducted local operations. ''Union'' then left California en route to Pearl Harbor to participate in a landing exercise, "Hawrltlex 1–56" which concluded on 11 April. She arrived at San Diego on 23 April and spent the months until November taking part in local operations and undergoing upkeep. Late in August, ''Union'' made a brief trip to [[Vancouver]], [[British Columbia]], to represent the United States Navy in the Pacific National Exhibit. On 13 November 1956, the ship sailed for San Francisco and an overhaul at the San Francisco Naval Shipyard at [[Bayview-Hunters Point, San Francisco, California|Hunters Point]].

Having completed her regular overhaul, ''Union'' returned to San Diego on 27 January 1957 and conducted refresher training. She then took part in a number of amphibious exercises off [[Coronado, California|Coronado Roads]]. In early June, ''Union'' turned in her 5-inch stern gun and her 20&nbsp;millimeter mounts to the Naval Repair Facility, San Diego. In July, she participated in Operation "Workhorse," a local landing exercise.

On 23 August 1957, ''Union'' got underway for WestPac via Pearl Harbor. She arrived at Yokosuka, Japan, on 12 September and underwent restricted availability. ''Union'' then visited [[Kure]], [[Nagoya]], and Chigasaki Beach before returning to Yokosuka to pick up Marine Corps cargo for [[Naha, Okinawa]]. On 4 November, she sailed for Subic Bay, Philippines. ''Union'' spent the remainder of the year in cargo-carrying tasks which took her to Taiwan, the Philippines, Hong Kong, and Okinawa. Christmas and New Year's Day were spent in Subic Bay, Philippines.

The year 1958 began with a week-long visit to Hong Kong, after which she proceeded to Yokosuka. On 5 February, ''Union'' departed Yokosuka for Okinawa to prepare for Operation "Strongback," a major [[United States Seventh Fleet|7th Fleet]] amphibious assault exercise at Dingalen Bay, [[Luzon]], Philippines, in which destroyers, cruisers, and carriers took part in screening, gunfire, and air support tasks. D-day was 1 March, and ''Union'' returned to San Diego, via Pearl Harbor, on 2 April.

April, May, and June 1958 were occupied with leave, upkeep, and local operations in the San Diego area. ''Union'' underwent a material inspection during July, and a resupply expedition to the Pribilof Islands scheduled for August was cancelled due to the [[1958 Lebanon crisis|Lebanon crisis]] which broke in early July. During September, the ship took part in "Phiblex 2–59," a full-scale landing exercise for the 1st Marine Division at [[Camp Pendleton]].

After spending October in the San Diego area, ''Union'' sailed on 10 November for San Francisco and another regular yard overhaul. After off-loading cargo and ammunition, she arrived at the [[Mare Island Naval Shipyard]] for overhaul which lasted from 17 November 1958 to 16 January 1959.

''Union'' returned to San Diego on 25 January. Shortly thereafter, she underwent refresher training, followed by amphibious training commencing on 17 March which completed her "working up." On 16 April, ''Union'' sailed for WestPac. On 22 April, she was detached and proceeded independently to Guam, thence to Subic Bay, Philippines. Throughout June, ''Union'' remained in the vicinity of Okinawa. She participated in Exercise "Reconnex 1–60" off [[Iriomote|Irimote Jima]], Japan, from 20 to 28 June.

On 10 July 1959, ''Union'' and {{USS|Comstock|LSD-19|3}} embarked the 3rd Anti-Tank Battalion and sailed for [[Numazu, Shizuoka|Numazu, Japan]], to commence the first phase of Operation "Tankex." Other ports which ''Union'' visited in connection with the operation were Kobe and Joji. In September, ''Union'' performed three weeks of duty as station ship in Hong Kong.

On 1 November 1959, ''Union'' set sail for San Diego via Pearl Harbor. She arrived at San Diego on 24 November and ended the year with a leave and upkeep period for the holiday season.

===1960–1965===
During the first six months of 1960, ''Union'' conducted local operations and necessary upkeep and repair periods in her home port area of San Diego. In February, she participated in Operation "Swan Dive," a Marine landing at Camp Pendleton. In May, she took part in Operation "Big Top," in which Marine air and naval surface units combined to land marines on Camp Pendleton beaches with an airlift of helicopter-borne troops among the initial assault waves.

On 21 June, ''Union'' deployed to WestPac via Pearl Harbor. During the first part of the deployment, the ship made stops at Guam; Okinawa; Subic Bay, Philippines; Hong Kong; and Yokosuka, Japan, conducting various cargo-personnel lifts. In September, ''Union'' embarked the Army's 1st Battle Group of the 2nd Infantry at Inchon, Korea, for a practice exercise on the beaches of Pohang Dong, Korea, and returned to Inchon. In October, ''Union'' visited the Japanese ports of Kure, Numazu, and Kobe. She carried out a people-to-people program which included an orphans' party, exchange of wardroom visits with Japanese officers, a tour of the ship by Japanese officers and petty officers, two visits for an evening meal by Japanese students from universities and colleges, a presentation of several utility items to a Numazu orphanage, and several softball games.

During a second visit to Hong Kong in November, ''Union'' acted as station ship. In December, she completed her WestPac deployment and returned to San Diego. A Christmas leave period commenced on 22 December.

The early weeks of 1961 were spent in leave and upkeep in anticipation of the regular overhaul commencing 15 February. Completed under four separate commercial repair contracts, the extended completion date was 26 April 1961. May, June, and July were spent in the San Diego area, where ''Union'' underwent two intensive training periods followed by leave and upkeep.

Departing San Diego on 4 August, ''Union'' was chartered by the [[Department of Commerce]] to make her second and the Navy's last resupply trip to the Pribilof Islands. Cargo off-loading operations commenced at St. George Island early on the 21st. Strong winds, high seas, and thick fog made this entire operation a challenge to seamanship and perseverance. The ship arrived at Seattle, Washington, on 3 September and disembarked passengers and cargo. The following year, the Department of Commerce would carry on this work with its own vessel, thus ending a Navy mission initiated in the 1920s by executive order of [[Calvin Coolidge|President Coolidge]].

After five weeks in San Diego preparing for deployment, ''Union'' sailed for her home port on 16 October. Upon her arrival at Pearl Harbor, the ship took part in Operation "Silver Sword," a landing exercise of 5,000 marines on the beaches of [[Maui]]. The landing commenced one minute after midnight on 30 October. On 15 November. Amphibious Squadron 1 sailed from Pearl Harbor. ''Union'' and {{USS|Washburn|AKA-108|3}} broke off from the squadron and arrived at Sasebo on 28 November 1961. After voyage repairs at Sasebo, ''Union'' steamed to Hong Kong where she served as station ship for the remainder of the year, 16 December 1961 through 14 January 1962.

''Union'' was relieved as station ship on 15 January, and she sailed for Subic Bay, Philippines. After 10 days of upkeep, ''Union'' returned to her work of amphibious operations and participated in the "Away All Boats" exercise.

The ship then sailed for Buckner Bay, Okinawa, to load a cargo of Marine Corps equipment. In February, ''Union'' learned that her deployment had been extended two weeks so she could participate in Operation "Tulungan," a [[SEATO]] exercise in which the United States Navy and Marine Corps, the [[Royal Australian Air Force]], and Philippine units took part. An unusually long operation, "Tulungan" lasted from mid-February to mid-April. ''Union'' left Yokosuka for San Diego on 17 April.

After arriving in San Diego on 5 May 1962, ''Union'' spent May and June in leave, upkeep, and training exercises in the San Diego area. On 26 July, she steamed for an interim overhaul lasting from 1 August to 7 September at Seattle, Washington. Refresher training commenced off San Diego on 5 October. On 27 October, ''Union'' got underway for the Panama Canal with Task Group (TG) 53.2. Having transited the Panama Canal on 5 November, ''Union'' moored at [[Cristóbal, Colón|Cristobal, Canal Zone]], and later anchored at Limon Bay, Colon. ''Union'' arrived at [[Guantanamo Bay Naval Base|Guantanamo Bay, Cuba]], on 30 November to take part in the [[Cuban Missile Crisis|Cuban quarantine]]. She conducted cargo operations at [[Roosevelt Roads Naval Station|Roosevelt Roads]] and [[Vieques, Puerto Rico]], and enjoyed liberty at [[Kingston, Jamaica]]. On 2 December, ''Union'' got underway for California via the Panama Canal. She arrived back at San Diego on 16 December and spent the remainder of 1962 in leave and upkeep.

January 1963 was spent in preparing for and participating in amphibious operational training off Coronado, California. In February. ''Union'' got underway for the [[Naval Weapons Station Seal Beach|naval ammunition depot]] at [[Seal Beach, California]], where the ammunition which had been on board for possible use during the Cuban crisis was off-loaded. The remainder of the month was spent preparing for Exercise "Steel Gate." At the completion of "Steel Gate," ''Union'' commenced preparation for her deployment to WestPac.

''Union'' departed San Diego on 26 March for the transit to Okinawa via Pearl Harbor. While underway, she participated in Exercise "Windmill," which simulated a merchant convoy. After off-loading at Pearl Harbor and Okinawa, ''Union'' arrived at Sasebo, Japan, for routine voyage repairs. It was May when ''Union'' arrived at Yokosuka, Japan, to off-load material and accomplish routine upkeep.

The next mission of the ''Union'' was to participate in the 24th annual Black Ship Festival at [[Shimoda, Shizuoka|Shimoda, Japan]]. This festival commemorates the arrival in Shimoda of [[Matthew C. Perry|Commodore Perry]] and his squadron of "[[Black Ships]]" in 1854. Having brought good will to Shimoda, ''Union'' next steamed to Sasebo for upkeep, then on to [[Pusan]], Korea, where she provided facilities for Korean units to stage a ship-to-shore movement. June arrived with ''Union'' underway for Naha, Okinawa, to embark marines for the upcoming Operation "Flagpole" at Kuryongpo, Korea. Typhoon "Shirley" greatly hampered the landing phase of the operation, but it was finally completed despite torrential rains, floods, washed out roads, and dense fog.

After a port visit to Kure, Japan, ''Union'' off-loaded "Flagpole" gear at Buckner Bay, then underwent a period of upkeep at Yokosuka. It was there that she embarked midshipmen for a cruise which took her to the ports of Keelung, Taiwan; Hong Kong; and Subic Bay, Philippines, where the midshipmen debarked.

The ship travelled to Inchon, Korea, to prepare for Exercise "Bayonet Beach," which provided for ship-to-shore movements in the area of Pohang, Korea. After the exercise, ''Union'' sailed from [[Iwakuni, Yamaguchi|Iwakuni, Japan]], to Subic Bay, Philippines, with Marine aviation ordnance equipment. After a period of upkeep at Yokosuka, she visited Kobe, Japan, and met with an anti-American demonstration staged by the Japanese Peace Committee, a communist organization.

On 20 October 1963, ''Union'' proceeded south to Okinawa to rendezvous with her squadron and begin the transit to San Diego via Pearl Harbor. She arrived on 13 November and enjoyed a period of liberty. As the year came to an end, ''Union'' was preparing for an upcoming yard overhaul.

January 1964 found ''Union'' in San Diego concluding a leave and upkeep period. On 18 January, she sailed for San Francisco and, four days later, proceeded to [[Richmond, California]], for drydocking at the Willamette Iron and Steel Co. Drydocking was completed on 6 February and the remainder of the overhaul on 26 March. ''Union'' returned to San Diego on 4 April and, on the 27th, reported for four weeks of intensive refresher training. Training reached a successful culmination on 22 May, and a two-week upkeep period followed.

From 8 to 19 June, ''Union'' participated in amphibious refresher training at Coronado, California. A period of availability alongside {{USS|Klondike|AR-22|3}} followed; and, from 3 to 12 July, ''Union'' was assigned an upkeep period. ''Union'' enjoyed an extended period of upkeep from 17 July to 24 August when Operation "Cascade Columbia II," scheduled to commence on 13 August, was cancelled as a result of the tense military situation in Vietnam.

After conducting a midshipmen cruise and on-loading supplies and marines, ''Union'' got underway from San Diego on 25 August to participate in Exercise "Sea Bar" at Solo Point, Wash. Two days later, ''Union'' proceeded independently to [[Astoria, Oregon]], to take part in the 44th annual Astoria Regatta and Fish Festival. On 1 September, Exercise "Sea Bar" got underway for nine days of amphibious landings. On 14 September, ''Union'' returned to her home port and underwent a material inspection.

The ship next began to prepare for Exercise "Hard Nose," a major amphibious landing exercise involving 39 ships and some 11,000 marines. The 12-day exercise began on 6 October and concluded on the beach of Camp Pendleton on the morning of 17 October. Upon returning to San Diego, ''Union'' began an extended period of upkeep in preparation for an upcoming WestPac deployment.

On 16 November, ''Union'' departed San Diego for a 5,900-mile transit of the Pacific Ocean. On 7 December, she arrived at Buckner Bay, Okinawa. After off-loading and readying the boat group, ''Union'' got underway for local operations. On 20 December, ''Union'' set course for Subic Bay, Philippines. Three days later, she moored at Rivera Point, Subic Bay. The crew received an unexpected treat when comedian [[Bob Hope]] and his troupe presented their annual Christmas show at Subic Bay on 28 December 1964.

===Vietnam, 1965–1969===
''Union'' began the New Year 1965 with a round-trip from Subic Bay to Buckner Bay, Okinawa, and Hong Kong. She returned to Subic Bay on 23 January and conducted task group operations throughout the month of February. On 8 March, ''Union'' anchored at [[Da Nang]], [[South Vietnam]]. On 12 March, she departed for Yokosuka, Japan, where she went into drydock until 29 March. After spending several days moored pierside, ''Union'' departed on 6 April for special operations at Buckner Bay, Okinawa. On 14 April, the ship anchored at Da Nang, along with {{USS|Cook|APD-130|6}}, {{USS|Henrico|APA-45|6}} and amphibious assault ship {{USS|Vancouver|LPD-2|6}}. They transported marines to Da Nang, bringing the total to nearly 8,000.

Upon leaving Da Nang, South Vietnam, ''Union'' sailed to an anchorage at the mouth of the [[Perfume River]] and remained there until 19 April. She anchored briefly at Buckner Bay, Okinawa, before conducting four days of special operations culminating in a landing at Baie De Dung, Vietnam. On 16 May, ''Union'' again returned to Buckner Bay, only to sail again four days later for [[Chu Lai]] harbor, Vietnam, conducting special operations en route. On 27 May, she arrived at Da Nang harbor, and proceeded to Yokosuka, Japan, arriving there on 4 June 1965.

''Union'' departed the Far East and arrived at San Diego, California, on 23 June. The month of July was spent undergoing tender availability with {{USS|Klondike|AR-22|6}}. After loading ammunition at Seal Beach, California, ''Union'' again departed for Buckner Bay, Okinawa, arriving on 28 August. The ship set course for Yokosuka, Japan, on 31 August; and, after a nine-day visit, ''Union'' sailed for Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, arriving there on 21 September. Two days later, she got underway for San Diego, where she arrived on 30 September.

October and November were spent in port at San Diego. In mid-December, she got underway for local operations, and ''Union'' finished the year 1965 moored at her home port.

The first six months of 1966 were spent in amphibious refresher training and restricted availability at San Diego. During July, ''Union'' prepared for deployment by loading ammunition and Marine cargo. On 27 July, the ship departed for another WestPac cruise. She arrived at Okinawa on 22 August, then continued to Da Nang, South Vietnam, where she back-loaded BLT 3/3 (Battalion Landing Team, [[3rd Battalion, 3rd Marines]]) and transported the marines to Okinawa for a recreation and retraining cycle. ''Union'' then proceeded to [[Cam Ranh Bay]], South Vietnam, where, on 15 September, elements of the [[2nd Marine Division (South Korea)|Republic of Korea Marines]] were loaded for transportation to Chu Lai. When this offload had been completed, boiler troubles forced ''Union'' into an availability at Subic Bay from 27 September through 7 October.

With all repairs completed, ''Union'' commenced a lengthy period of support operations for Commander, [[Military Assistance Command, Vietnam]], which extended to 21 November. The ship arrived at Okinawa on 26 November and, after a few days for liberty and replenishment, loaded elements of BLT [[1st Battalion, 9th Marines]] (BLT 1/9). She sailed for Subic Bay, Philippines, on 3 December. On 14 December, Bravo Company from BLT 1/9 conducted wet-net training on the "Union" to practice amphibious doctrine in preparation for [[Operation Deckhouse V]]. After her detachment from this duty, ''Union'' set course for Sasebo, looking forward to a holiday upkeep period which lasted through the 27th. As the year closed, ''Union'' was once again at Okinawa loading BLT [[4th Battalion, 4th Marines]]. On the final day of 1966, a practice turnaway landing was conducted at Chin Wan in preparation for actual movement across the beach that would follow on New Year's Day.

The first day of 1967 found ''Union'' in the last phase of her WestPac tour. After landing craft training operations in the Okinawa area, ''Union'' departed Okinawa en route to Da Nang, Vietnam. After off-loading and back-loading Marine vehicles, the ship returned to Okinawa on 14 January. An upkeep period at Sasebo, Japan, began on 17 January and was followed by rest and recreation at Keelung, Taiwan, and Kobe, Japan. On 15 February, ''Union'' set course for Yokosuka, Japan, spending 10 days in port there and then departing for San Diego. ''Union'' entered San Diego Bay on 15 March 1967, completing her 15th WestPac cruise.

After a month-long leave period, preparations began for Operation "Alligator Hide," an amphibious assault at Coronado Roads, California. Following the operation, ''Union'' spent 13 days in port and, on 15 May, conducted individual ship exercises. On 29 May 1967, ''Union'' suddenly received orders to perform duties as a reconnaissance ship, trailing the [[Spy ship|Russian trawler]] ''Peleng'', which had been operating off the coast of southern California near [[Santa Catalina Island, California|Catalina]] and [[San Clemente Island]]s. ''Union'' stayed within close range of the trawler for 10 days. On 5 June, she was relieved on station by {{USS|Taussig|DD-746|6}} and returned to San Diego.

After an administrative inspection, the ship made preparations for overhaul which commenced on 8 July at Pacific Ship Repair, Inc., San Francisco, California. She returned to her home port on 1 October to prepare for refresher training. A month-long refresher training period ended on 1 December and was followed by an amphibious inspection which was completed on 22 December. ''Union'' spent the 1967 holiday season moored at her home port.

The new year, 1968, began with ''Union'' enjoying a leave period which lasted until 26 January. On 1 February, ''Union'' departed San Diego for another WestPac deployment. ''Union'' arrived at Buckner Bay, Okinawa, on 26 February. She operated off the coast of Vietnam transporting much-needed equipment and ammunition. From 20 to 27 March, the ship participated in Operation "Former Champ" with Nationalist Chinese ships and marines in Taiwan. On 7 April, ''Union'' escorted {{USS|Asheville|PGM-84|6}} to Subic Bay, Philippines, for engineering repairs. After a brief stop at Yokosuka, Japan, the ship set course for San Diego via Pearl Harbor. ''Union'' arrived at her home port on 16 September 1968 after completing a seven-month deployment.

Upon returning to San Diego, ''Union'' enjoyed a month-long period of leave. On 16 October, she commenced an upkeep period followed by a period of restricted availability which lasted through 30 November. The ship conducted independent ship's exercises before commencing a holiday leave period on 14 December.

From 1 January to 1 August 1969, her schedule was filled with all types of operational training, inspections, and upkeep evolutions in the San Diego-San Francisco area. ''Union'' conducted training exercises at [[Acapulco]], [[Mexico]], from 14 to 27 April; and, from 17 to 21 June, the ship took part in Exercise "Bell Call," an amphibious operation which included embarkation, withdrawal, movement, demonstration, simultaneous surface and helicopter assault, and subsequent troop exercise ashore.

On 1 August 1969, ''Union'' departed San Diego en route to Pearl Harbor, thence to Yokosuka, Japan, arriving on 23 August. After a brief upkeep period, she departed on 29 August for Okinawa where she spent three days conducting amphibious exercises. On 5 September, ''Union'' got underway for Da Nang, Vietnam. She transported cargo from Da Nang to Okinawa until 19 November when she departed Da Nang for Subic Bay, Philippines.

Having off-loaded three-fourths of the ship's ammunition in preparation for a homeward transit, ''Union'' proceeded to Okinawa on 26 November to complete her offloading. She departed Okinawa three days later for the long voyage to San Diego where she arrived on 18 December. ''Union'' deviated from her course twice; on 6 December to transport an injured marine to a hospital on [[Midway Island]] as soon as possible; the next day, to assist in the restoration of the [[French Frigate Shoals]] [[LORAN]] station at Tern Island, Hawaii. The remainder of 1969, from 18 to 31 December, was devoted to a leave period for the ship's crew.

===Decommissioning and sale===
''Union'' was placed out of commission, in reserve, on 5 June 1970 and transferred to the [[Maritime Administration]] at [[Suisun Bay]], California. On 1 September 1976, she was stricken from the [[Naval Vessel Register|Navy List]]. ''Union'' was sold in September 1977 to [[National Metal and Steel]] Corp. of [[Terminal Island]], California, for scrapping.

==Awards==
''Union'' was awarded two battle stars for Korean service and nine battle stars for her Vietnam service.

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

==Bibliography==
*{{cite book |last1=Silverstone |first1=Paul H. |title=The Navy of World War II, 1922-1947 |date=2008 |publisher=Routledge |location=New York |isbn=978-0-415-97898-9|series=The U.S. Navy Warship Series}}
{{DANFS|http://www.history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/u/union-aka-106-iv.html}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|USS Union (AKA-106)}}
* {{navsource|10/02/02106|USS Union}}
* [http://unitpages.military.com/unitpages/unit.do?id=200302 Military.com: USS ''Union'']
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060620071629/http://ussrankin.org/id352.htm 51 Years of AKAs]

{{Tolland class attack cargo ship}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Union (AKA-106)}}
[[Category:Tolland-class attack cargo ships]]
[[Category:World War II amphibious warfare vessels of the United States]]
[[Category:Cold War amphibious warfare vessels of the United States]]
[[Category:Korean War amphibious warfare vessels of the United States]]
[[Category:Vietnam War amphibious warfare vessels of the United States]]
[[Category:Ships built in Wilmington, North Carolina]]
[[Category:1944 ships]]