View source for Grand Street (Manhattan)

{{short description|Street in Manhattan, New York}}
{{Other uses|Grand Street (disambiguation){{!}}Grand Street}}
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{{use mdy dates|date=July 2024}}
'''Grand Street''' is a street in [[Lower Manhattan]], [[New York City]]. It runs west/east parallel to and south of [[Delancey Street]], from [[SoHo]] through [[Chinatown, Manhattan|Chinatown]], [[Little Italy, Manhattan|Little Italy]], [[Bowery|the Bowery]], and the [[Lower East Side]]. The street's western terminus is [[Varick Street]], and on the east it ends at the service road for the [[FDR Drive]].

[[File:BSB Grand jeh.JPG|thumb|240px|[[Bowery Savings Bank Building (130 Bowery)]]]]

==History and description==
Grand Street was once part of the lands of [[James De Lancey (politician)|James De Lancey Jr.]] When his sister Ann married [[Thomas Jones (historian)|Judge Thomas Jones]] he gave them a two-acre estate known as "Mount Pitt", near the site of present-day Pitt and Grand Streets.<ref>{{cite web |last=Frederick |first=Shiloh |date=June 19, 2018 |url=https://untappedcities.com/2018/06/19/5-must-see-spots-from-nycs-first-guidebook-published-in-1807/2/ |title=Mount Pitt |website=Untapped New York}}</ref> It was one of the highest natural points on Manhattan island. In early 1776, a circular redoubt was built there, where [[Joseph Spencer|General Joseph Spencer]] established a battery.<ref>[https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Washington/03-04-02-0299 "General Orders, 22 May 1776", Founders Online, National Archives]</ref> The British captured the defenses the following November and renamed it Jones Hill Fort. The hill was later leveled and some of the field stone used for the construction of [[St. Augustine's Church (Manhattan)|St. Augustine's Church]] on [[Henry Street (Manhattan)|Henry Street]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.nycago.org/organs/nyc/html/staugustineepis.html |title=St. Augustine Episcopal Church|publisher=New York City Chapter of the [[American Guild of Organists]]|access-date=2021-08-21 |archive-date=2021-08-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210821031007/http://www.nycago.org/organs/nyc/html/staugustineepis.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>

Bayard Mount at the site of present-day Grand and Mott Streets was the tallest hill in lower Manhattan, and overlooked the [[Collect Pond]]. In April 1776, the Bayard's Hill redoubt, (also known as Fort Bunker Hill) was constructed as part of the defenses across Manhattan Island.<ref>[https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Washington/03-04-02-0105#GEWN-03-04-02-0105-fn-0001 "General Orders, 25 April 1776", Founders Online, National Archives]</ref> After the war, this became a popular site for dueling. In 1802 work began on leveling Mount Bayard.

St. Mary's Catholic Church is located at 438-440 Grand Street between Pitt and Attorney Streets.<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=qO0bAAAAIAAJ&dq=San+Salvatore%2BChurch%2BManhattan&pg=PA390 The World Almanac 1892 and Book of Facts]'' (New York: Press Publishing, 1892), p. 390.</ref> The parish was established in 1826 to serve Irish immigrants living in the neighborhood, it is the third-oldest Catholic parish in New York.<ref name="nycago">{{citation|url=http://www.nycago.org/Organs/NYC/html/StMaryRC.html|title=Church of St. Mary (Roman Catholic)|author1=American Guild of Organists |author2=New York City chapter }}</ref> The church itself was built in 1832–33, and its facade replaced in 1871 by the noted architect [[Patrick Charles Keely]]. The original portion is the second-oldest Roman Catholic structure in the city, after [[St. Patrick's Old Cathedral]], which was built in 1815.<ref name=aia>{{cite aia5}} p. 106</ref>
[[File:Kossar's Bialys storefront.jpg|240px|thumb|[[Kossar's Bialys]]|left]]
[[Ferrara Bakery and Cafe]] was established at 195 Grand Street in 1892.

The [[Bowery Savings Bank]] building at [[130 Bowery]], extending to Grand and Elizabeth Streets, was designed by [[Stanford White]] of the architecture firm of [[McKim, Mead & White]], and built in 1893–95. It is a [[New York City designated landmark]]<ref>{{Cite nycland|pages=46–47}}</ref> and on the [[National Register of Historic Places]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Federal Register: 46 Fed. Reg. 10451 (Feb. 3, 1981)|publisher=[[Library of Congress]]|date=February 3, 1981|url=https://tile.loc.gov/storage-services/service/ll/fedreg/fr046/fr046022/fr046022.pdf|access-date=March 8, 2020|page=10649 (PDF p.&nbsp;179)}}</ref>

The [[Bialy (bread)|bialy]] bakery [[Kossar's Bialys]] was founded in 1936.

[[File:3-coops.jpg|thumb|right|300px|[[Cooperative Village]] at the eastern end of Grand Street. [[Amalgamated Dwellings]] in foreground, one of the oldest [[housing cooperative]]s in the United States. East Side Glatt is also shown]]
[[Cooperative Village]], a collection of [[housing cooperative]]s, covers several blocks near the eastern portion of Grand Street. Other notable buildings include the old [[240 Centre Street|Police Headquarters Building]], the [[Home Savings of America]] building, and the [[Bialystoker Synagogue]].

As part of an experiment, in 1948, Grand Street west of [[Chrystie Street]] was converted to a one-way eastbound street.<ref>{{Cite news|date=1948-12-16|title=New Traffic Rules for Canal St. Zone; One-Way Crosstown Arteries to Be Set Up Saturday for 60-Day Test Period|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1948/12/16/archives/new-traffic-rules-for-canal-st-zone-oneway-crosstown-arteries-to-be.html|access-date=2024-01-15|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Grand Street is one-way to motor vehicles west of Chrystie Street and two-way to its east. Grand Street is the location of an on-street bikeway which, west of Chrystie street, is between a lane of parked vehicles and the curb, and east of Chrystie Street, is indicated by [[shared lane marking]]s of various types.<ref>[http://john-s-allen.com/galleries/NYC/ New York city field trip documentation: see Grand Street entries.]</ref>

==Transportation==
In the 19th century, before the construction of the [[Williamsburg Bridge]], the [[Grand Street Ferry]] connected Grand Street to [[Grand Street and Grand Avenue|its counterpart]] in [[Brooklyn]].

The [[New York City Subway]]'s [[Grand Street station (IND Sixth Avenue Line)|Grand Street station]], serving the {{NYCS trains|Manhattan Bridge north}}, is at the intersection of Grand and Chrystie Streets.<ref>{{NYCS const|map}}</ref>

The following bus routes serve Grand Street, all of which terminate at its eastern end:
* The [[M14A (New York City bus)|M14A SBS]] serves it east of [[Essex Street]], with westbound service beginning at Jackson Street. 
* The westbound {{NYC bus link|M21}} runs from the FDR Drive to Lewis Street.
* The eastbound {{NYC bus link|M22}} runs east of Madison Street.

In addition, downtown {{NYC bus link|M1}} buses that run the full route serve Grand Street in the eastbound direction from Broadway to Centre Street, where it terminates.

== See also ==
* [[Forty-second Street and Grand Street Ferry Railroad]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*{{Commons category-inline}}
*[http://www.nychinatown.org/storefronts/grand.html Grand Street storefronts] (photos of stores and properties on Grand Street)
*[http://www.nysonglines.com/grand.htm New York Songlines: Grand Street], a virtual walking tour

{{Lower East Side, Manhattan}}
{{SoHo, Manhattan}}
{{Streets of Manhattan}}
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[[Category:Grand Street (Manhattan)| ]]
[[Category:SoHo, Manhattan]]
[[Category:Little Saigons]]
[[Category:Lower East Side]]