Editing Counterintelligence
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The establishment of dedicated intelligence and counterintelligence organizations had much to do with the colonial rivalries between the major European powers and to the accelerating development of military technology. As espionage became more widely used, it became imperative to expand the role of existing police and internal security forces into a role of detecting and countering foreign spies. The ''[[Evidenzbureau]]'' (founded in the [[Austrian Empire]] in 1850) had the role from the late-19th century of countering the actions of the [[Pan Slavism|Pan-Slavist movement]] operating out of [[Serbia]]. |
The establishment of dedicated intelligence and counterintelligence organizations had much to do with the colonial rivalries between the major European powers and to the accelerating development of military technology. As espionage became more widely used, it became imperative to expand the role of existing police and internal security forces into a role of detecting and countering foreign spies. The ''[[Evidenzbureau]]'' (founded in the [[Austrian Empire]] in 1850) had the role from the late-19th century of countering the actions of the [[Pan Slavism|Pan-Slavist movement]] operating out of [[Serbia]]. |
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After the fallout from the [[Dreyfus |
After the fallout from the [[Dreyfus Affair]] of 1894–1906 in France, responsibility for French military counter-espionage passed in 1899 to the [[Sûreté générale]]—an agency originally responsible for order enforcement and public safety—and overseen by the [[Ministry of the Interior]].<ref>[http://www.aassdn.org/hsvEXhis01.html Anciens des Services Spéciaux de la Défense Nationale] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160315005343/http://aassdn.org/hsvEXhis01.html |date=2016-03-15 }} ( France )</ref> |
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[[Image:Okhranka group photo.jpg|thumb|left|300px|The [[Okhrana]], founded in 1880, had the task of countering enemy espionage against [[Imperial Russia]]. St. Petersburg Okhrana group photo, 1905]] |
[[Image:Okhranka group photo.jpg|thumb|left|300px|The [[Okhrana]], founded in 1880, had the task of countering enemy espionage against [[Imperial Russia]]. St. Petersburg Okhrana group photo, 1905]] |