vér
Hungarian
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Uralic *were. Cognates include Northern Mansi вы̄гыр (vȳgyr), Finnish veri and Estonian veri.[1][2]
Pronunciation
editNoun
editvér (usually uncountable, plural vérek)
- blood
- (figuratively) vigor, vitality, dynamism
- Synonyms: tetterő, életerő, mozgékonyság
- blood sacrifice, bloodshed
- Synonyms: véráldozat, vérontás
- (figuratively) temperament
- Synonyms: vérmérséklet, temperamentum
- (construed with a possessive suffix and -ben van) someone’s inclination, propensity, disposition, nature
- (figuratively) state of mind, frame of mind, mood
- Synonym: lelkiállapot
- (figuratively) sensuality, lust, passion
- Synonyms: testi vágy, szenvedély, érzékiség
- (figuratively) clan, family
- (figuratively) offspring, descendant, issue, progeny or ancestor
- Synonyms: ivadék, leszármazott, ős
- (figuratively) bloodline or strain of descent
- (literary, folksy, with a possessive suffix) sibling
- Synonym: testvér
- (literary, in the plural, with a possessive suffix) compatriot, countryman, or a person belonging to the same people, social class, or community
- (humorous) Synonym of bor (“wine”), especially vörösbor (“red wine”).
Declension
editInflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | vér | vérek |
accusative | vért | véreket |
dative | vérnek | véreknek |
instrumental | vérrel | vérekkel |
causal-final | vérért | vérekért |
translative | vérré | vérekké |
terminative | vérig | vérekig |
essive-formal | vérként | vérekként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | vérben | vérekben |
superessive | véren | véreken |
adessive | vérnél | véreknél |
illative | vérbe | vérekbe |
sublative | vérre | vérekre |
allative | vérhez | vérekhez |
elative | vérből | vérekből |
delative | vérről | vérekről |
ablative | vértől | vérektől |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
véré | véreké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
véréi | vérekéi |
Possessive forms of vér | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | vérem | véreim |
2nd person sing. | véred | véreid |
3rd person sing. | vére | vérei |
1st person plural | vérünk | véreink |
2nd person plural | véretek | véreitek |
3rd person plural | vérük | véreik |
Derived terms
editReferences
edit- ^ Entry #1152 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
- ^ vér in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
Further reading
edit- (blood): vér in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- ([dialectal, archaic] ver (“to beat”)): vér in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
Anagrams
editIcelandic
editEtymology
editFrom Old Norse vér, from Proto-Germanic *wīz, from Proto-Indo-European *wéy, plural of *éǵh₂.
Pronunciation
editPronoun
editvér
- (archaic, formal) First person plural pronoun; we (singular ég, eg).
- (archaic, formal) A formal term of self-reference used by a royal person; we.
- Vér teljum þetta mál hið alvarlegasta. Kallið saman ríkisráðið undir eins.
- We deem this matter most grave. Assemble the privy council immediately.
- Vér teljum þetta mál hið alvarlegasta. Kallið saman ríkisráðið undir eins.
Usage notes
editThis pronoun has mostly fallen out of use in favour of við, but lingers in biblical language in the raw plural sense, and finds occasional use elsewhere. As a majestic self-reference, it was used in royal decrees, and may find modern use e.g. in literature dealing with persons who refer to themselves in such a way.
Declension
editIcelandic honorific pronouns | ||||||
plural | first person | second person | ||||
nominative | vér | þér | ||||
accusative | oss | yður | ||||
dative | oss | yður | ||||
genitive | vor | yðar |
Old Norse
editAlternative forms
edit- vær, mér
- *wīʀ — Old East Norse
Etymology
editFrom Proto-Germanic *wīz, from Proto-Indo-European *wéy, plural of *éǵh₂. Cognate with Old English wē ( > English we), Old Frisian wī ( > West Frisian wy), Old Saxon wī ( > Low German wi), Old Dutch wī ( > Dutch wij), Old High German wir ( > German wir), Gothic 𐍅𐌴𐌹𐍃 (weis).
Pronunciation
editPronoun
editvér (Old West Norse)
Declension
editnumber | first person | second person | reflexive | third person | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
case | singular | singular masculine | singular feminine | singular neuter | ||
nominative | ek | þú | hann | hon, hón, hǫ́n | þat | |
accusative | mik | þik | sik | hann | hana, hána | þat |
dative | mér | þér | sér | hánum, hónum, hǫ́num | henni | því |
genitive | mín | þín | sín | hans | hennar | þess |
case | dual | |||||
nominative | vit | it, þit | ||||
accusative | okkr | ykkr | sik | |||
dative | okkr | ykkr | sér | |||
genitive | okkar | ykkar | sín | |||
case | plural | plural masculine | plural feminine | plural neuter | ||
nominative | vér | ér, þér | þeir | þær | þau | |
accusative | oss | yðr | sik | þá | þær | þau |
dative | oss | yðr | sér | þeim | þeim | þeim |
genitive | vár | yðar, yðvar | sín | þeira, þeirra | þeira, þeirra | þeira, þeirra |
Descendants
editReferences
edit- Ásgeir Blöndal Magnússon — Íslensk orðsifjabók, (1989). Reykjavík, Orðabók Háskólans. (Available on Málið.is under the “Eldra mál” tab.)
- Hungarian terms inherited from Proto-Uralic
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- Rhymes:Hungarian/eːr
- Rhymes:Hungarian/eːr/1 syllable
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