Old page wikitext, before the edit (old_wikitext) | '[[File:16x9 by Pengo.svg|thumb|A 16:9 rectangle in which rectangles visualize the ratio. Note that the groupings are not square.]]
[[File:Samsung LE26R41BD and Yamada DVD player 20030624.jpg|thumb|An LCD television set with a 16:9 image ratio.]]
'''16:9''' (1.7{{overline|7}}:1 = 4<sup>2</sup><nowiki>:</nowiki>3<sup>2</sup>) is an [[Aspect ratio (image)|aspect ratio]] with a width of 16 units and height of 9.
Since 2009, it has become the most common aspect ratio for [[television]]s and [[computer monitor]]s and is also the international standard format of [[High-definition television|HDTV]], [[Full HD]], non-HD [[digital television]] and analog widescreen television. This has replaced the old [[4:3 aspect ratio]].
==History==
[[File:HDTV aspect ratio derivation.svg|thumb|<div style="margin-bottom:1ex;">Derivation of the 16:9 aspect ratio</div>The main figure shows 4:3, 5:3, 1.85:1, 2.2:1 and 2.35:1 rectangles with the same area ''A'', and 16:9 rectangles that covers (black) or is common to (grey) them. The calculation considers the extreme rectangles, where ''m'' and ''n'' are multipliers to maintain their respective aspect ratios and areas.]]
Dr. Kerns H. Powers, a member of the [[SMPTE]] Working Group on High-Definition Electronic Production, first proposed the 16:9 (1.7{{overline|7}}:1) aspect ratio in 1984,<ref>{{cite |url=http://www.sportsvideo.org/new/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/Searching-for-the-Perfect-Aspect-Ratio.pdf |title=Searching for the Perfect Aspect Ratio}},</ref> when nobody was creating 16:9 videos. The popular choices in 1980 were: 1.3{{overline|3}}:1 (based on television standard's ratio at the time), 1.6{{overline|6}}:1 (the European "flat" ratio), 1.85:1 (the American "flat" ratio), 2.20:1 (the ratio of 70 mm films and [[Panavision]]) and 2.35:1 (the [[CinemaScope]] ratio for [[anamorphic]] widescreen films).
Powers cut out rectangles with equal areas, shaped to match each of the popular aspect ratios. When overlapped with their center points aligned, he found that all of those aspect ratio rectangles fit within an outer rectangle with an aspect ratio of 1.7{{overline|7}}:1 and all of them also covered a smaller common inner rectangle with the same aspect ratio 1.7{{overline|7}}:1.<ref name="Cinemasource">{{cite journal |url=http://www.cinemasource.com/articles/aspect_ratios.pdf#page=8 |format=Technical bulletin |title=Understanding Aspect Ratios |journal=CinemaSource |publisher=The CinemaSource Press |year=2001 |accessdate=2009-10-24}}</ref> The value found by Powers is exactly the [[geometric mean]] of the extreme aspect ratios, 4:3 (1.3{{overline|3}}:1) and 2.35:1 (or 64:27, see also [[21:9 aspect ratio]] for more information), <span style="font-size:125%;font-stretch:80%;">√</span>{{sfrac|47|15}} ≈ 1.770 which is coincidentally close to 16:9 (1.7{{overline|7}}:1). Applying the same geometric mean technique to 16:9 and 4:3 yields the [[14:9]] aspect ratio, which is likewise used as a compromise between these ratios.<ref>{{cite patent |title=Method of showing 16:9 pictures on 4:3 displays |country=US |number=5956091 |gdate=1999-09-21}}</ref>
While 16:9 (1.7{{overline|7}}:1) was initially selected as a compromise format, the subsequent popularity of HDTV broadcast has solidified 16:9 as perhaps the most important video aspect ratio in use.{{Citation needed|date=October 2009}} Most 4:3 (1.3{{overline|3}}:1) and 2.39:1 video is now recorded using a "[[shoot and protect]]" technique<ref>{{cite journal |journal=EBU |location=[[Switzerland|CH]] |url=http://www.ebu.ch/en/technical/trev/trev_280-baker.pdf |title=Safe areas for widescreen transmission |first=I |last=Baker |publisher=BBC |date=1999-08-25 |accessdate=2009-10-27 |format=PDF |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101011055023/http://www.ebu.ch/en/technical/trev/trev_280-baker.pdf |archive-date=2010-10-11 |url-status = dead|df= }}</ref> that keeps the main action within a 16:9 (1.7{{overline|7}}:1) inner rectangle to facilitate HD broadcast{{Citation needed|date=October 2009}}. Conversely it is quite common to use a technique known as center-cutting, to approach the challenge of presenting material shot (typically 16:9) to both an HD and legacy 4:3 audience simultaneously without having to compromise image size for either audience. Content creators frame critical content or graphics to fit within the 1.33 raster space.{{Citation needed|date=January 2010}} This has similarities to a filming technique called [[Open matte]].
After the original 16:9 Action Plan of the early 1990s, the [[European Union]] has instituted the 16:9 Action Plan,<ref name="actionplan">{{cite web |format=legislation summary |url=http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/other/l24103c_en.htm |title=Television in the 16:9 screen format |publisher=Europa |location=[[Europe|EU]] |accessdate=2011-09-08}}</ref> just to accelerate the development of the advanced television services in 16:9 aspect ratio, both in [[PAL]] and also in [[High-definition television|HDTV]]. The Community fund for the 16:9 Action Plan amounted to [[Euro|€]]228 million.
In 2008 the computer industry started switching to 16:9 from 4:3 and 16:10 as the standard aspect ratio for monitors and laptops. A 2008 report by DisplaySearch cited a number of reasons for this shift, including the ability for PC and monitor manufacturers to expand their product ranges by offering products with wider screens and higher resolutions, helping consumers to more easily adopt such products and "stimulating the growth of the notebook PC and LCD monitor market".<ref name="display">{{cite web |url=http://www.displaysearch.com/cps/rde/xchg/SID-0A424DE8-28DF6E59/displaysearch/hs.xsl/070108_16by9_PR.asp |title=Product Planners and Marketers Must Act Before 16:9 Panels Replace Mainstream 16:10 Notebook PC and Monitor LCD Panels, New DisplaySearch Topical Report Advises |publisher=DisplaySearch |date=2008-07-01 |accessdate=2011-09-08}}</ref>
In 2011 Bennie Budler, product manager of IT products at Samsung South Africa, confirmed that monitors capable of 1920×1200 resolutions aren't being manufactured anymore. "It is all about reducing manufacturing costs. The new 16:9 aspect ratio panels are more cost-effective to manufacture locally than the previous 16:10 panels".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://mybroadband.co.za/news/hardware/17621-Widescreen-monitors-Where-did-1920x1200.html |title=Widescreen monitors: Where did 1920×1200 go? « Hardware « MyBroadband Tech and IT News |publisher=Mybroadband.co.za |date=2011-01-10 |accessdate=2011-09-08 }}</ref> Since computer displays are advertised by their diagonal measure, for monitors with the same display area, a wide screen monitor will have a larger diagonal measure, thus sounding more impressive. Within limits, the amount of information that can be displayed, and the cost of the monitor depend more on area than on diagonal measure.
In March 2011 the 16:9 resolution 1920×1080 became the most common used resolution among [[Steam (software)|Steam]]'s users. The earlier most common resolution was 1680×1050 (16:10).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://store.steampowered.com/hwsurvey |title=Steam Hardware & Software Survey |publisher=Steam |accessdate=2011-09-08 }}</ref>
==Properties==
16:9 is the only widescreen aspect ratio natively supported by the [[DVD-Video#Frame size and frame rate|DVD]] format. [[Anamorphic widescreen|Anamorphic]] [[DVD]] transfers store the information as 5:4 (PAL) or 3:2 (NTSC) [[square pixels]], which is set to expand to either 16:9 or 4:3, which the television or video player handles.
For example, a PAL DVD with a full frame image may contain a video resolution of 720×576 (5:4 ratio), but a [[Media player (software)|video player software]] will stretch this to 1024×576 square pixels with a 16:9 flag in order to recreate the correct aspect ratio.
DVD producers can also choose to show even wider ratios such as 1.85:1 and 2.39:1<ref group="lower-alpha" name="anamorphic">The 2.39:1 ratio is commonly labeled 2.40:1, e.g., in the [[American Society of Cinematographers]]' ''American Cinematographer Manual'', and is mistakenly referred to as 2.35:1 (only cinema films before the 1970 [[Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers|SMPTE]] revision used 2.35:1).</ref> within the 16:9 DVD frame by [[Hard matte|hard matting]] or adding black bars within the image itself. Some films which were made in a 1.85:1 aspect ratio, such as the U.S.-Italian co-production ''[[Man of La Mancha (film)|Man of La Mancha]]'' and [[Kenneth Branagh]]'s ''[[Much Ado About Nothing (1993 film)|Much Ado About Nothing]]'', fit quite comfortably onto a 1.7{{overline |7}}:1 HDTV screen and have been issued as an enhanced version on DVD without the black bars. Many [[digital video]] cameras have the capability to record in 16:9.
[[16 mm film|Super 16 mm film]] is frequently used for television production due to its lower cost, lack of need for soundtrack space on the film itself, and aspect ratio similar to 16:9.{{citation needed|date=December 2010}}
==Common resolutions==
Common resolutions for 16:9 are listed in the table below:
<!-- NOTICE: This is a table of COMMON resolutions, not a table of "every possible 16:9 resolution the internet can think of".
Do not add resolutions to this table unless you are prepared to provide examples of them being used commonly, not just resolutions that you generated with your calculator, or resolutions that have been used once or twice in laboratory prototypes or showcase items. This is a table of COMMON resolutions, not a table of "every 16:9 resolution that has ever been used or conceived of even in the most insignificant manner".
In addition, please do not add made-up names to this table. If there is no established name for a format, then just leave that cell blank. Not all resolutions have names.
-->
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Width !! Height !! Standard
|-
| 256 || 144 ||
|-
| 426 || 240 ||
|-
| 640 || 360 || [[Graphics display resolution#nHD|nHD]]
|-
| 768 || 432 ||
|-
| 800 || 450 ||
|-
| 848 || 480 ||
|-
| 854 || 480 || [[Graphics display resolution#854 × 480 (FWVGA)|FWVGA]]
|-
| 960 || 540 || [[Graphics display resolution#qHD|qHD]]
|-
| 1024 || 576 ||
|-
| 1280 || 720 || [[Graphics display resolution#HD|HD]]
|-
| 1366 || 768 || [[Graphics display resolution#WXGA|WXGA]]
|-
| 1600 || 900 || HD+
|-
| 1920 || 1080 || [[Graphics display resolution#FHD (1920x1080)|Full HD]]
|-
| 2048 || 1152 ||
|-
| 2560 || 1440 || [[Graphics display resolution#QHD / WQHD (2560x1440)|QHD]]
|-
| 2880 || 1620 ||
|-
| 3200 || 1800 || QHD+
|-
| 3840 || 2160 || [[Graphics display resolution#UHD|4K UHD]]
|-
| 4096 || 2304 || <!-- This resolution has no formal name. That means you leave this cell blank, not make up your own name for it. If you believe it has a name, please provide a link to the standards document which establishes it. -->
|-
| 5120 || 2880 || [[Graphics display resolution#5K/UHD+ (5120x2880)|5K]] <!-- This resolution is not part of any UHD standard. Do not rename it to "5K UHD" or anything like that unless you can provide a source that it has been adopted into the UHD standards. -->
|-
| 7680 || 4320 || [[Graphics display resolution#8K UHD (7680x4320)|8K UHD]]
|-
| 15360 || 8640 || 16K UHD
|}
== By country ==
===In Europe===
In Europe, 16:9 is the standard broadcast format for most TV channels and all [[high-definition television|HDTV]] broadcasts. Some countries adopted the format for analog television, first by using the [[PALplus]] standard (now obsolete) and then by simply using [[Widescreen signaling|WSS signals]] on normal PAL broadcasts.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Country
! Channel
|-
| {{flag|Albania}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Andorra}}
| [[Andorra Televisió]].
|-
| {{flag|Armenia}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Austria}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Azerbaijan}}
| All channels (except Lider TV).
|-
| {{flag|Belarus}}
| All channels (except +TV, TV-3 Belarus).
|-
| {{flag|Belgium}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Bosnia and Herzegovina}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Bulgaria}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Cyprus}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Croatia}}
| [[Croatian Radiotelevision|HRT]] 1**, 2**, 3**, 4**, 5, [[RTL Televizija]]*, [[RTL 2 (Croatia)|RTL 2]]*, [[Nova TV (Croatia)|Nova TV]]*, [[Doma TV (Croatia)|Doma TV]]*, [[RTL Kockica]]* [[Sportska televizija|Sportska Televizija]]**.<br/><small>''Older programmes filmed in 4:3 are: <br />*cropped<br />**transmitted in their original format.''</small>
|-
| {{flag|Czech Republic}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Denmark}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Estonia}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Finland}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|France}}
| All channels on [[digital terrestrial television]] <br />Most subscription-based networks
|-
| {{flag|Germany}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Georgia}}
| All channels (except Rustavi 2, Comedy Arkhi, Ertsulovneba, Mall TV, Marneuli, Gurjaani).
|-
| {{flag|Greece}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Hungary}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Iceland}}
| All three national stations broadcast in 16:9 with occasional 4:3 programmes. Local stations still use 4:3.
|-
| {{flag|Ireland}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Italy}}
| All channels (expect TGS, Tele One and Video 66).
|-
| {{flag|Kazakhstan}}
| All channels (except STV).
|-
| {{flag|Latvia}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Lithuania}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Luxembourg}}
| [[RTL Télé Lëtzebuerg]], [[Luxe.tv]].
|-
| {{flag|Malta}}
| All nationwide channels.
|-
| {{flag|Moldova}}
| TRM (Moldova 1, Moldova 2), GMG Group (Prime, Canal 2, Canal 3, Publika TV), ProTV Chishinau, N4, [[Jurnal TV]], TV8, NTV-Moldova.
|-
| {{flag|Monaco}}
| [[Télé Monte Carlo]] & Monaco Info.
|-
| {{flag|Montenegro}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Netherlands}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|North Macedonia}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Norway}}
| 16:9 is the national standard for television – almost all channels conform to this format.
|-
| {{flag|Poland}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Portugal}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Romania}}
| '''''Always on 16:9''''': Antena channels ([[Antena 1 (Romania)|Antena 1]], [[Antena Stars]], [[Antena 3 (Romania)|Antena 3]], [[Happy Channel (Romania)|Happy]], [[ZU TV]], [[Antena Internațional]]), RCS & RDS channels (including [[Digi 24]], [[UTV Romania|U TV]], [[Music Channel (Romania)|Music Channel]]), [[Kiss TV (Romania)|Kiss TV]], [[B1 TV]], [[Telekom Sport]], [[Look TV]], [[Look Plus]],Turner channels:([[Cartoon Network (Central and Eastern Europe)|Cartoon Network]], [[Boomerang (Central and Eastern Europe)|Boomerang]]<br/>'''''Often on 16:9''''': TVR channels ([[TVR1|TVR 1]], [[TVR2|TVR 2]], [[TVR3|TVR 3]], [[TVRi]]), PRO channels ([[Pro TV]], [[Pro 2]], [[Pro X]], [[PRO Cinema|Pro Cinema]], [[Pro Gold]], [[PRO.TV Internațional|Pro TV Internațional]]), [[Kanal D (Romania)|Kanal D]]<br/>'''''Always on 4:3''''': [[Realitatea TV]], [[România TV]]<br/>'''''Always on 4:3 with 16:9 stretched''''': CNM channels ([[Național TV]], [[Național 24 Plus]], [[Favorit TV]]), TVR regional channels ([[TVR Cluj]], [[TVR Craiova]], [[TVR Iași]], [[TVR Tîrgu-Mureș]], [[TVR Timișoara]]), [[Prima TV]].
|-
| {{flag|Russia}}
| All channels (except Spas, some channels from CTC Media (Che and CTC Love), some channels from VGTRK (Russian Bestseller, Russian Detective, Cinema, Sarafan, My Planete, Live Planet, History, Mama, Mult, Ani), 2x2, some channels from UTH Russia (U and Disney Channel)).
|-
| {{flag|San Marino}}
| [[San Marino RTV]].
|-
| {{flag|Serbia}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Slovakia}}
| All nationwide channels.
|-
| {{flag|Slovenia}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Spain}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Sweden}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Switzerland}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Turkey}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Ukraine}}
| All nationwide channels (except UA:Ternopil, Eskulap TV, First Kiev, Vintage TV, Rada TV, ChePe.Info, Glas, EWTN, Novyi Hristianskiy, Boutique TV).
|-
| {{flag|United Kingdom}}
| All terrestrial channels.
|}
===In Oceania===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Country
! Channel
|-
| {{flag|Australia}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Fiji}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|New Zealand}}
| All channels.
|}
===In Asia===
Japan's [[Multiple sub-Nyquist sampling encoding|Hi-Vision]] originally started with a 5:3 ratio but converted when the international standards group introduced a wider ratio of 5{{1/3}} to 3 (=16:9).
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Country
! Channel
|-
| {{flag|Afghanistan}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Bangladesh}}
| [[SA TV]].
|-
| {{flag|Cambodia}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|China}}
| [[China Central Television|CCTV]] channels 1-15, [[CCTV-5+]], [[CCTV News]]. Older contents in 4:3 and news contents are stretched on SD variants of these channels as stretching on SD channels is common.
|-
| {{flag|Hong Kong}}
| All major channels since [[Television in Hong Kong|digital television broadcasting]] started in 2007.
|-
| {{flag|India}}
| All HD channels. Most SD channels are still broadcasting in 4:3, either fullscreen on letterboxed.
|-
| {{flag|Indonesia}}
| '''16:9 native'''*''':''' [[Kompas TV]], [[BeritaSatu TV]]**, [[CNN Indonesia]]**, [[Metro TV (Indonesia)|MetroTV]], [[Trans7]], [[Trans TV]], [[CNBC Indonesia]]**, [[NET.]]
'''16:9 with inner 4:3'''***''':''' [[RCTI]], [[SCTV (Indonesia)|SCTV]], [[Indosiar]]
'''4:3, upscaled/stretched to 16:9'''****''':''' [[TVRI]], [[MNCTV]], [[antv]], [[GTV (Indonesia)|GTV]], [[tvOne (Indonesia)|tvOne]], [[iNews]], [[RTV (Indonesia)|rtv]]
<small>''*Channels that are primarily broadcast in 16:9 sometimes are filled by 4:3 content which are either stretched or pillarboxed.''</small>
<small>''**Only on digital cable/satellite</small>
<small>''***Channels in this category broadcast in 16:9 HDTV along with inner 4:3 SDTV. Due to their visibility, some contents are either pillarboxed and windowboxed (especially in commercial ads and live sport games). Contents wider than 16:9 are usually letterboxed. They're usually stretched in SDTV mode. HD versions are limited to pay-TV services.</small>
<small>''****These channels are still using 4:3 configuration. Stretched when broadcasting in 16:9 format. Some channels have limited original 16:9 video contents.</small>
<small>'''Note:''' Nationwide TV channels listed above are classified according to their original configuration, sorted chronologically according to TV configuration update. Configuration for exclusively digital and local channels are may vary. Local version of nationwide channels may be different to their national version.</small>
|-
| {{flag|Iran}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Israel}}
| All main channels, including but not limited to [[Hot (Israel)|Hot]]&[[Yes (Israel)|Yes]].
|-
| {{flag|Japan}}
| Japan pioneered in its analogue HDTV system ([[Multiple sub-Nyquist sampling encoding|MUSE]]) in 16:9 format, started in the 1980s. Currently all main channels have [[digital terrestrial television]] channels in 16:9 while being simulcast in analogue 4:3 format. Many satellite broadcast channels are being broadcast in 16:9 as well.
|-
| {{flag|Jordan}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Kyrgyzstan}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Lebanon}}
| [[LBCI]].4:3 Shows are stretched
[[National Broadcasting Network (Lebanon)]]. Its in HD and has no 4:3 content
[[Future Television]].
|-
| {{flag|Malaysia}}
| All channels.
|-
|{{flag|Mongolia}}
| [[MNB (TV channel)|MNB & MN2]], [[TM Television]], [[TV5 (Mongolia)|TV5]], TV6, [[TV8 (Mongolia)|TV8]], [[Channel 25 (Mongolia)|Channel 25]], Эx Орон, [[Supervision Broadcasting Network|SBN]], [[ETV (Mongolia)|ETV]], [[Mongolian News Channel|MNC]], [[Eagle TV|Eagle News TV]], [[Edutainment TV]], Star TV, [[SPS (Mongolia)|SPS]], [[Sportbox]] and SHUUD TV.
|-
|{{flag|Myanmar}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Nepal}}
| [[Kantipur Television Network]]
[[AP1 TV]]
[[News 24 (Nepal)]]
[[TV Filmy]]
|-
| {{flag|Oman}}
| All channels.
|-
|{{flag|Pakistan}}
| All HD channels. Most SD channels are still broadcasting in 4:3, either in fullscreen or letterboxed
|-
|{{flag|Philippines}}
| '''16:9 native'''<sup>*</sup>''':''' PTV, [[ABS-CBN (TV network)|ABS-CBN]] HD***, [[ABS-CBN Sports and Action|S+A HD]] ***, ANC (both SD and HD)***, [[CNN Philippines]], [[One PH]],*** One News***, [[Hope Channel Philippines]], [[Three Angels Broadcasting Network|3ABN]]''',''' [[Hope International (Seventh-day Adventist)|Hope International]], [[INCTV]], [[Net 25]]
'''4:3 upscaled/stretched to 16:9'''<sup>**</sup>: [[ETC (Philippine TV channel)|ETC]], [[2nd Avenue (television channel)|2nd Avenue]], all BEAM's subchannels, [[DZOZ-TV|Light Network]], [[UNTV (Philippines)|UNTV]], Ang Dating Daan TV, [[SMNI 39|SMNI]], all [[ABS-CBN (television network)|ABS-CBN]] terrestrial channels (including TVPlus channels), [[TV5 (Philippines)|TV5]], [[5 Plus]], [[GMA Network|GMA 7]]
<small>''*channels that are squeezed/letterboxed to 4:3 on analog terrestrial transmissions nor no letterbox on widescreen-produced programs.''</small>
<small>''**channels that are originally broadcasting in 4:3 on analog terrestrial, but upscaled or stretched to 16:9 for digital terrestrial television, cable and satellite.''</small>
<small>''***16:9 versions available on pay-TV services only.''</small>
|-
| {{flag|Qatar}}
| All [[Al Jazeera Sports]] channels, [[Al Jazeera]], [[Al Jazeera English]], [[Qatar TV]] HD, all Alkass channels.
|-
|{{flag|Saudi Arabia}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Singapore}}
| All [[MediaCorp]] channels, however 16:9 contents look squashed on older 4:3 sets. Also, all 4:3 contents including news clips are stretched as stretching is common.
|-
| {{flag|South Korea}}
| All major channels currently feature 16:9 aspect ratio.
|-
| {{flag|Sri Lanka}}
| [[Colombo TV]].
|-
|{{flag|Syria}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Taiwan}}
| [[Taiwan Television|TTV HD]], [[China Television|CTV HD]], [[Chinese Television System|CTS HD]], [[Formosa Television|FTV HD]], [[Public Television Service|PTS HD]], [[TVBS]].
|-
| {{flag|Thailand}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|United Arab Emirates}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Vietnam}}
| All of VTC's channels, [[Vietnam Television|VTV]] channels, [[Ho Chi Minh City Television|HTV]] channels and K+'s channels (selected programmes), most of local channels.
|}
===In the Americas===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Country
! Channel
|-
| {{flag|Argentina}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Barbados}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Bolivia}}
| '''''Always on 16:9''''': PAT, [[Red ATB|ATB]].<br/>''''' Often on 16:9''''': [[Bolivia TV]].
|-
| {{flag|Brazil}}
|Almost all channels.
|-
| {{flag|Canada}}
| Almost all channels.
|-
| {{flag|Chile}}
| All channels
|-
| {{flag|Colombia}}
| All channels, except [[Citytv Bogotá|Citytv]]
|-
| {{flag|Costa Rica}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Dominican Republic}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Ecuador}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Jamaica}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Mexico}}
| '''''Free-to-air television''''': [[Las Estrellas]], [[FOROtv]], [[Canal 5 (Televisa Network)|Canal 5]], [[Gala TV (Mexico)|NU9VE]], [[Televisa Regional]], [[Azteca Uno]], [[Azteca 7]], [[a+ (television channel)|a+]], [[XHTVM-TDT|adn40]], [[Imagen Televisión]], [[Excélsior|Excélsior TV]], [[Canal Once (Mexico)|Canal Once]], [[XEIMT-TDT|Canal 22]], [[Una Voz con Todos]], [[XHUNAM-TDT|Teveunam]], [[Milenio Televisión]], [[Multimedios Televisión]], [[Teleritmo]], and some local stations broadcast HD signal.
'''''Pay television''''': [[Unicable (Mexican network)|U]], [[Golden (TV channel)|Golden]], [[Golden Edge]], [[TL Novelas]], [[Bandamax]], [[De Película]], [[De Película Clásico]], [[Ritmoson Latino]], [[Televisa Deportes Network|TDN]], [[TeleHit]], [[Distrito Comedia]], [[Tiin]], Az Noticias, Az Clic!, Az Mundo, Az Corazón, Az Cinema, [[52MX]], TVC, [[TVC Deportes]], Pánico, Cinema Platino, Cine Mexicano.
|-
| {{flag|Panama}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Paraguay}}
| Almost all channels on free-to-air television (especially HD Feeds), (ex.: [[Red Paraguaya de Comunicación|RPC]], [[NPY]], [[Unicanal]], channel 7 HD). SD feeds (usually found on pay television) are usually letterboxed and downscaled to 4:3. (for example: [[Sistema Nacional de Televisión (Paraguay)|SNT]] & [[Paravisión]])
|-
| {{flag|Peru}}
| All nationalwide channels. Some regional networks still broadcast in 4:3.
|-
| {{flag|United States}}
| All HD channels. SD feeds (usually found on pay television) are usually letterboxed and downscaled to 4:3.
|-
| {{flag|Uruguay}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Venezuela}}
| All channels.
|}
===In Africa===
{{Expand section|date=August 2015}}
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Country
! Channel
|-
| {{flag|Algeria}}
| {{Unbulleted list|[[Public Establishment of Television|Algérie 3]]|[[Echourouk TV]]}}
|-
| {{flag|Angola}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Botswana}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Burkina Faso}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Cameroon}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Cape Verde}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Comoros}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Congo}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Djibouti}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Egypt}}
| ERTU Channel 1, ON E, ON Drama, ON Sport, ON Sport 2, DMC, DMC Drama, CBC, CBC Drama, CBC Sofra, Extra News, Al Nahar One, Al Nahar Drama, Al Nahar Sport, TeN, Al Hayah, Al Hayah 2, Al Hayah Musalsalat.
|-
| {{flag|Equatorial Guinea}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Eritrea}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Ethiopia}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Gabon}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Ghana}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Ivory Coast}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Kenya}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Lesotho}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Liberia}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Libya}}
| Libya 24.
|-
| {{flag|Madagascar}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Malawi}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Mali}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Morocco}}
| [[Al Aoula]].
|-
| {{flag|Mozambique}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Mauritius}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Namibia}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Nigeria}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Rwanda}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Senegal}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Somalia}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|South Africa}}
| 16:9 is the standard broadcast format for most digital channels and all [[high-definition television|HDTV]] broadcasts all main channels.
|-
|{{flag|Sudan}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Togo}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Tunisia}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Uganda}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Zimbabwe}}
| All channels.
|}
==See also==
*[[Display aspect ratio]]
*[[High-definition television]]
*[[Display resolution]]
*[[1080p]] / [[1080i]]
*[[24p]]
*[[Aspect ratio (image)#4:3 standard|4:3]]
*[[14:9]]
*[[16:10]]
*[[21:9 aspect ratio|21:9]]
==Notes==
{{Reflist|group="lower-alpha"}}
==References==
{{commons category|16:9}}
{{Reflist}}
== External links ==
{{Refbegin}}
* {{cite web |url=http://www.necdisplay.com/support/css/monitortechguide/index05.htm |publisher=NEC |title=NEC Monitor Technology Guide |accessdate=2006-07-24 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060521000427/http://www.necdisplay.com/support/css/monitortechguide/index05.htm |archivedate=2006-05-21}}
{{Refend}}
[[Category:Picture aspect ratios]]
[[Category:High-definition television]]
[[Category:Ultra-high-definition television]]' |
New page wikitext, after the edit (new_wikitext) | '[[File:16x9 by Pengo.svg|thumb|A 16:9 rectangle in which rectangles visualize the ratio. Note that the groupings are not square.]]
[[File:Samsung LE26R41BD and Yamada DVD player 20030624.jpg|thumb|An LCD television set with a 16:9 image ratio.]]
'''16:9''' (1.7{{overline|7}}:1 = 4<sup>2</sup><nowiki>:</nowiki>3<sup>2</sup>) is an [[Aspect ratio (image)|aspect ratio]] with a width of 16 units and height of 9.
Since 2009, it has become the most common aspect ratio for [[television]]s and [[computer monitor]]s and is also the international standard format of [[High-definition television|HDTV]], [[Full HD]], non-HD [[digital television]] and analog widescreen television. This has replaced the old [[4:3 aspect ratio]].
==History==
[[File:HDTV aspect ratio derivation.svg|thumb|<div style="margin-bottom:1ex;">Derivation of the 16:9 aspect ratio</div>The main figure shows 4:3, 5:3, 1.85:1, 2.2:1 and 2.35:1 rectangles with the same area ''A'', and 16:9 rectangles that covers (black) or is common to (grey) them. The calculation considers the extreme rectangles, where ''m'' and ''n'' are multipliers to maintain their respective aspect ratios and areas.]]
Dr. Kerns H. Powers, a member of the [[SMPTE]] Working Group on High-Definition Electronic Production, first proposed the 16:9 (1.7{{overline|7}}:1) aspect ratio in 1984,<ref>{{cite |url=http://www.sportsvideo.org/new/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/Searching-for-the-Perfect-Aspect-Ratio.pdf |title=Searching for the Perfect Aspect Ratio}},</ref> when nobody was creating 16:9 videos. The popular choices in 1980 were: 1.3{{overline|3}}:1 (based on television standard's ratio at the time), 1.6{{overline|6}}:1 (the European "flat" ratio), 1.85:1 (the American "flat" ratio), 2.20:1 (the ratio of 70 mm films and [[Panavision]]) and 2.35:1 (the [[CinemaScope]] ratio for [[anamorphic]] widescreen films).
Powers cut out rectangles with equal areas, shaped to match each of the popular aspect ratios. When overlapped with their center points aligned, he found that all of those aspect ratio rectangles fit within an outer rectangle with an aspect ratio of 1.7{{overline|7}}:1 and all of them also covered a smaller common inner rectangle with the same aspect ratio 1.7{{overline|7}}:1.<ref name="Cinemasource">{{cite journal |url=http://www.cinemasource.com/articles/aspect_ratios.pdf#page=8 |format=Technical bulletin |title=Understanding Aspect Ratios |journal=CinemaSource |publisher=The CinemaSource Press |year=2001 |accessdate=2009-10-24}}</ref> The value found by Powers is exactly the [[geometric mean]] of the extreme aspect ratios, 4:3 (1.3{{overline|3}}:1) and 2.35:1 (or 64:27, see also [[21:9 aspect ratio]] for more information), <span style="font-size:125%;font-stretch:80%;">√</span>{{sfrac|47|15}} ≈ 1.770 which is coincidentally close to 16:9 (1.7{{overline|7}}:1). Applying the same geometric mean technique to 16:9 and 4:3 yields the [[14:9]] aspect ratio, which is likewise used as a compromise between these ratios.<ref>{{cite patent |title=Method of showing 16:9 pictures on 4:3 displays |country=US |number=5956091 |gdate=1999-09-21}}</ref>
While 16:9 (1.7{{overline|7}}:1) was initially selected as a compromise format, the subsequent popularity of HDTV broadcast has solidified 16:9 as perhaps the most important video aspect ratio in use.{{Citation needed|date=October 2009}} Most 4:3 (1.3{{overline|3}}:1) and 2.39:1 video is now recorded using a "[[shoot and protect]]" technique<ref>{{cite journal |journal=EBU |location=[[Switzerland|CH]] |url=http://www.ebu.ch/en/technical/trev/trev_280-baker.pdf |title=Safe areas for widescreen transmission |first=I |last=Baker |publisher=BBC |date=1999-08-25 |accessdate=2009-10-27 |format=PDF |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101011055023/http://www.ebu.ch/en/technical/trev/trev_280-baker.pdf |archive-date=2010-10-11 |url-status = dead|df= }}</ref> that keeps the main action within a 16:9 (1.7{{overline|7}}:1) inner rectangle to facilitate HD broadcast{{Citation needed|date=October 2009}}. Conversely it is quite common to use a technique known as center-cutting, to approach the challenge of presenting material shot (typically 16:9) to both an HD and legacy 4:3 audience simultaneously without having to compromise image size for either audience. Content creators frame critical content or graphics to fit within the 1.33 raster space.{{Citation needed|date=January 2010}} This has similarities to a filming technique called [[Open matte]].
After the original 16:9 Action Plan of the early 1990s, the [[European Union]] has instituted the 16:9 Action Plan,<ref name="actionplan">{{cite web |format=legislation summary |url=http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/other/l24103c_en.htm |title=Television in the 16:9 screen format |publisher=Europa |location=[[Europe|EU]] |accessdate=2011-09-08}}</ref> just to accelerate the development of the advanced television services in 16:9 aspect ratio, both in [[PAL]] and also in [[High-definition television|HDTV]]. The Community fund for the 16:9 Action Plan amounted to [[Euro|€]]228 million.
In 2008 the computer industry started switching to 16:9 from 4:3 and 16:10 as the standard aspect ratio for monitors and laptops. A 2008 report by DisplaySearch cited a number of reasons for this shift, including the ability for PC and monitor manufacturers to expand their product ranges by offering products with wider screens and higher resolutions, helping consumers to more easily adopt such products and "stimulating the growth of the notebook PC and LCD monitor market".<ref name="display">{{cite web |url=http://www.displaysearch.com/cps/rde/xchg/SID-0A424DE8-28DF6E59/displaysearch/hs.xsl/070108_16by9_PR.asp |title=Product Planners and Marketers Must Act Before 16:9 Panels Replace Mainstream 16:10 Notebook PC and Monitor LCD Panels, New DisplaySearch Topical Report Advises |publisher=DisplaySearch |date=2008-07-01 |accessdate=2011-09-08}}</ref>
In 2011 Bennie Budler, product manager of IT products at Samsung South Africa, confirmed that monitors capable of 1920×1200 resolutions aren't being manufactured anymore. "It is all about reducing manufacturing costs. The new 16:9 aspect ratio panels are more cost-effective to manufacture locally than the previous 16:10 panels".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://mybroadband.co.za/news/hardware/17621-Widescreen-monitors-Where-did-1920x1200.html |title=Widescreen monitors: Where did 1920×1200 go? « Hardware « MyBroadband Tech and IT News |publisher=Mybroadband.co.za |date=2011-01-10 |accessdate=2011-09-08 }}</ref> Since computer displays are advertised by their diagonal measure, for monitors with the same display area, a wide screen monitor will have a larger diagonal measure, thus sounding more impressive. Within limits, the amount of information that can be displayed, and the cost of the monitor depend more on area than on diagonal measure.
In March 2011 the 16:9 resolution 1920×1080 became the most common used resolution among [[Steam (software)|Steam]]'s users. The earlier most common resolution was 1680×1050 (16:10).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://store.steampowered.com/hwsurvey |title=Steam Hardware & Software Survey |publisher=Steam |accessdate=2011-09-08 }}</ref>
==Properties==
16:9 is the only widescreen aspect ratio natively supported by the [[DVD-Video#Frame size and frame rate|DVD]] format. [[Anamorphic widescreen|Anamorphic]] [[DVD]] transfers store the information as 5:4 (PAL) or 3:2 (NTSC) [[square pixels]], which is set to expand to either 16:9 or 4:3, which the television or video player handles.
For example, a PAL DVD with a full frame image may contain a video resolution of 720×576 (5:4 ratio), but a [[Media player (software)|video player software]] will stretch this to 1024×576 square pixels with a 16:9 flag in order to recreate the correct aspect ratio.
DVD producers can also choose to show even wider ratios such as 1.85:1 and 2.39:1<ref group="lower-alpha" name="anamorphic">The 2.39:1 ratio is commonly labeled 2.40:1, e.g., in the [[American Society of Cinematographers]]' ''American Cinematographer Manual'', and is mistakenly referred to as 2.35:1 (only cinema films before the 1970 [[Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers|SMPTE]] revision used 2.35:1).</ref> within the 16:9 DVD frame by [[Hard matte|hard matting]] or adding black bars within the image itself. Some films which were made in a 1.85:1 aspect ratio, such as the U.S.-Italian co-production ''[[Man of La Mancha (film)|Man of La Mancha]]'' and [[Kenneth Branagh]]'s ''[[Much Ado About Nothing (1993 film)|Much Ado About Nothing]]'', fit quite comfortably onto a 1.7{{overline |7}}:1 HDTV screen and have been issued as an enhanced version on DVD without the black bars. Many [[digital video]] cameras have the capability to record in 16:9.
[[16 mm film|Super 16 mm film]] is frequently used for television production due to its lower cost, lack of need for soundtrack space on the film itself, and aspect ratio similar to 16:9.{{citation needed|date=December 2010}}
==Common resolutions==
Common resolutions for 16:9 are listed in the table below:
<!-- NOTICE: This is a table of COMMON resolutions, not a table of "every possible 16:9 resolution the internet can think of".
Do not add resolutions to this table unless you are prepared to provide examples of them being used commonly, not just resolutions that you generated with your calculator, or resolutions that have been used once or twice in laboratory prototypes or showcase items. This is a table of COMMON resolutions, not a table of "every 16:9 resolution that has ever been used or conceived of even in the most insignificant manner".
In addition, please do not add made-up names to this table. If there is no established name for a format, then just leave that cell blank. Not all resolutions have names.
-->
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Width !! Height !! Standard
|-
| 256 || 144 ||
|-
| 426 || 240 ||
|-
| 640 || 360 || [[Graphics display resolution#nHD|nHD]]
|-
| 768 || 432 ||
|-
| 800 || 450 ||
|-
| 848 || 480 ||
|-
| 854 || 480 || [[Graphics display resolution#854 × 480 (FWVGA)|FWVGA]]
|-
| 960 || 540 || [[Graphics display resolution#qHD|qHD]]
|-
| 1024 || 576 ||
|-
| 1280 || 720 || [[Graphics display resolution#HD|HD]]
|-
| 1366 || 768 || [[Graphics display resolution#WXGA|WXGA]]
|-
| 1600 || 900 || HD+
|-
| 1920 || 1080 || [[Graphics display resolution#FHD (1920x1080)|Full HD]]
|-
| 2048 || 1152 ||
|-
| 2560 || 1440 || [[Graphics display resolution#QHD / WQHD (2560x1440)|QHD]]
|-
| 2880 || 1620 ||
|-
| 3200 || 1800 || QHD+
|-
| 3840 || 2160 || [[Graphics display resolution#UHD|4K UHD]]
|-
| 4096 || 2304 || <!-- This resolution has no formal name. That means you leave this cell blank, not make up your own name for it. If you believe it has a name, please provide a link to the standards document which establishes it. -->
|-
| 5120 || 2880 || [[Graphics display resolution#5K/UHD+ (5120x2880)|5K]] <!-- This resolution is not part of any UHD standard. Do not rename it to "5K UHD" or anything like that unless you can provide a source that it has been adopted into the UHD standards. -->
|-
| 7680 || 4320 || [[Graphics display resolution#8K UHD (7680x4320)|8K UHD]]
|-
| 15360 || 8640 || 16K UHD
|}
== By country ==
===In Europe===
In Europe, 16:9 is the standard broadcast format for most TV channels and all [[high-definition television|HDTV]] broadcasts. Some countries adopted the format for analog television, first by using the [[PALplus]] standard (now obsolete) and then by simply using [[Widescreen signaling|WSS signals]] on normal PAL broadcasts.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Country
! Channel
|-
| {{flag|Albania}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Andorra}}
| [[Andorra Televisió]].
|-
| {{flag|Armenia}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Austria}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Azerbaijan}}
| All channels (except Lider TV).
|-
| {{flag|Belarus}}
| All channels (except +TV, TV-3 Belarus).
|-
| {{flag|Belgium}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Bosnia and Herzegovina}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Bulgaria}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Cyprus}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Croatia}}
| [[Croatian Radiotelevision|HRT]] 1**, 2**, 3**, 4**, 5, [[RTL Televizija]]*, [[RTL 2 (Croatia)|RTL 2]]*, [[Nova TV (Croatia)|Nova TV]]*, [[Doma TV (Croatia)|Doma TV]]*, [[RTL Kockica]]* [[Sportska televizija|Sportska Televizija]]**.<br/><small>''Older programmes filmed in 4:3 are: <br />*cropped<br />**transmitted in their original format.''</small>
|-
| {{flag|Czech Republic}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Denmark}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Estonia}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Finland}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|France}}
| All channels on [[digital terrestrial television]] <br />Most subscription-based networks
|-
| {{flag|Germany}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Georgia}}
| All channels (except Rustavi 2, Comedy Arkhi, Ertsulovneba, Mall TV, Marneuli, Gurjaani).
|-
| {{flag|Greece}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Hungary}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Iceland}}
| All three national stations broadcast in 16:9 with occasional 4:3 programmes. Local stations still use 4:3.
|-
| {{flag|Ireland}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Italy}}
| All channels (expect TGS, Tele One and Video 66).
|-
| {{flag|Kazakhstan}}
| All channels (except STV).
|-
| {{flag|Latvia}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Lithuania}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Luxembourg}}
| [[RTL Télé Lëtzebuerg]], [[Luxe.tv]].
|-
| {{flag|Malta}}
| All nationwide channels.
|-
| {{flag|Moldova}}
| TRM (Moldova 1, Moldova 2), GMG Group (Prime, Canal 2, Canal 3, Publika TV), ProTV Chishinau, N4, [[Jurnal TV]], TV8, NTV-Moldova.
|-
| {{flag|Monaco}}
| [[Télé Monte Carlo]] & Monaco Info.
|-
| {{flag|Montenegro}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Netherlands}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|North Macedonia}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Norway}}
| 16:9 is the national standard for television – almost all channels conform to this format.
|-
| {{flag|Poland}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Portugal}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Romania}}
| '''''Always on 16:9''''': Antena channels ([[Antena 1 (Romania)|Antena 1]], [[Antena Stars]], [[Antena 3 (Romania)|Antena 3]], [[Happy Channel (Romania)|Happy]], [[ZU TV]], [[Antena Internațional]]), RCS & RDS channels (including [[Digi 24]], [[UTV Romania|U TV]], [[Music Channel (Romania)|Music Channel]]), [[Kiss TV (Romania)|Kiss TV]], [[B1 TV]], [[Telekom Sport]], [[Look TV]], [[Look Plus]],Turner channels:([[Cartoon Network (Central and Eastern Europe)|Cartoon Network]], [[Boomerang (Central and Eastern Europe)|Boomerang]]<br/>'''''Often on 16:9''''': TVR channels ([[TVR1|TVR 1]], [[TVR2|TVR 2]], [[TVR3|TVR 3]], [[TVRi]]), PRO channels ([[Pro TV]], [[Pro 2]], [[Pro X]], [[PRO Cinema|Pro Cinema]], [[Pro Gold]], [[PRO.TV Internațional|Pro TV Internațional]]), [[Kanal D (Romania)|Kanal D]]<br/>'''''Always on 4:3''''': [[Realitatea TV]], [[România TV]]<br/>'''''Always on 4:3 with 16:9 stretched''''': CNM channels ([[Național TV]], [[Național 24 Plus]], [[Favorit TV]]), TVR regional channels ([[TVR Cluj]], [[TVR Craiova]], [[TVR Iași]], [[TVR Tîrgu-Mureș]], [[TVR Timișoara]]), [[Prima TV]].
|-
| {{flag|Russia}}
| All channels (except Spas, some channels from CTC Media (Che and CTC Love), some channels from VGTRK (Russian Bestseller, Russian Detective, Cinema, Sarafan, My Planete, Live Planet, History, Mama, Mult, Ani), 2x2, some channels from UTH Russia (U and Disney Channel)).
|-
| {{flag|San Marino}}
| [[San Marino RTV]].
|-
| {{flag|Serbia}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Slovakia}}
| All nationwide channels.
|-
| {{flag|Slovenia}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Spain}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Sweden}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Switzerland}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Turkey}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Ukraine}}
| All nationwide channels (except UA:Ternopil, Eskulap TV, First Kiev, Vintage TV, Rada TV, ChePe.Info, Glas, EWTN, Novyi Hristianskiy, Boutique TV).
|-
| {{flag|United Kingdom}}
| All terrestrial channels.
|}
===In Oceania===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Country
! Channel
|-
| {{flag|Australia}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Fiji}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|New Zealand}}
| All channels.
|}
===In Asia===
Japan's [[Multiple sub-Nyquist sampling encoding|Hi-Vision]] originally started with a 5:3 ratio but converted when the international standards group introduced a wider ratio of 5{{1/3}} to 3 (=16:9).
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Country
! Channel
|-
| {{flag|Afghanistan}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Bangladesh}}
| [[SA TV]].
|-
| {{flag|Cambodia}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|China}}
| [[China Central Television|CCTV]] channels 1-15, [[CCTV-5+]], [[CCTV News]]. Older contents in 4:3 and news contents are stretched on SD variants of these channels as stretching on SD channels is common.
|-
| {{flag|Hong Kong}}
| All major channels since [[Television in Hong Kong|digital television broadcasting]] started in 2007.
|-
| {{flag|India}}
| All HD channels. Most SD channels are still broadcasting in 4:3, either fullscreen on letterboxed.
|-
| {{flag|Indonesia}}
| '''16:9 native'''*''':''' [[Kompas TV]], [[BeritaSatu TV]]**, [[CNN Indonesia]]**, [[Metro TV (Indonesia)|MetroTV]], [[Trans7]], [[Trans TV]], [[CNBC Indonesia]]**, [[NET.]]
'''16:9 with inner 4:3'''***''':''' [[RCTI]], [[SCTV (Indonesia)|SCTV]], [[Indosiar]]
'''4:3, upscaled/stretched to 16:9'''****''':''' [[TVRI]], [[MNCTV]], [[antv]], [[GTV (Indonesia)|GTV]], [[tvOne (Indonesia)|tvOne]], [[iNews]], [[RTV (Indonesia)|rtv]]
<small>''*Channels that are primarily broadcast in 16:9 sometimes are filled by 4:3 content which are either stretched or pillarboxed.''</small>
<small>''**Only on digital cable/satellite</small>
<small>''***Channels in this category broadcast in 16:9 HDTV along with inner 4:3 SDTV. Due to their visibility, some contents are either pillarboxed and windowboxed (especially in commercial ads and live sport games). Contents wider than 16:9 are usually letterboxed. They're usually stretched in SDTV mode. HD versions are limited to pay-TV services.</small>
<small>''****These channels are still using 4:3 configuration. Stretched when broadcasting in 16:9 format. Some channels have limited original 16:9 video contents.</small>
<small>'''Note:''' Nationwide TV channels listed above are classified according to their original configuration, sorted chronologically according to TV configuration update. Configuration for exclusively digital and local channels are may vary. Local version of nationwide channels may be different to their national version.</small>
|-
| {{flag|Iran}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Israel}}
| All main channels, including but not limited to [[Hot (Israel)|Hot]]&[[Yes (Israel)|Yes]].
|-
| {{flag|Japan}}
| Japan pioneered in its analogue HDTV system ([[Multiple sub-Nyquist sampling encoding|MUSE]]) in 16:9 format, started in the 1980s. Currently all main channels have [[digital terrestrial television]] channels in 16:9 while being simulcast in analogue 4:3 format. Many satellite broadcast channels are being broadcast in 16:9 as well.
|-
| {{flag|Jordan}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Kyrgyzstan}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Lebanon}}
| [[LBCI]].4:3 Shows are stretched
[[National Broadcasting Network (Lebanon)]]. Its in HD and has no 4:3 content
[[Future Television]].
|-
| {{flag|Malaysia}}
| All channels.
|-
|{{flag|Mongolia}}
| [[MNB (TV channel)|MNB & MN2]], [[TM Television]], [[TV5 (Mongolia)|TV5]], TV6, [[TV8 (Mongolia)|TV8]], [[Channel 25 (Mongolia)|Channel 25]], Эx Орон, [[Supervision Broadcasting Network|SBN]], [[ETV (Mongolia)|ETV]], [[Mongolian News Channel|MNC]], [[Eagle TV|Eagle News TV]], [[Edutainment TV]], Star TV, [[SPS (Mongolia)|SPS]], [[Sportbox]] and SHUUD TV.
|-
|{{flag|Myanmar}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Nepal}}
| [[Kantipur Television Network]]
[[AP1 TV]]
[[News 24 (Nepal)]]
[[TV Filmy]]
|-
| {{flag|Oman}}
| All channels.
|-
|{{flag|Pakistan}}
| All HD channels. Most SD channels are still broadcasting in 4:3, either in fullscreen or letterboxed
|-
|{{flag|Philippines}}
| '''16:9 native'''<sup>*</sup>''':''' PTV, [[ABS-CBN (TV network)|ABS-CBN]] HD***, [[ABS-CBN Sports and Action|S+A HD]] ***, ANC (both SD and HD)***, [[CNN Philippines]], [[One PH]],*** One News***, [[Hope Channel Philippines]], [[Three Angels Broadcasting Network|3ABN]]''',''' [[Hope International (Seventh-day Adventist)|Hope International]], [[INCTV]], [[Net 25]]
'''4:3 upscaled/stretched to 16:9'''<sup>**</sup>: [[ETC (Philippine TV channel)|ETC]], [[2nd Avenue (television channel)|2nd Avenue]], all BEAM's subchannels, [[DZOZ-TV|Light Network]], [[UNTV (Philippines)|UNTV]], Ang Dating Daan TV, [[SMNI 39|SMNI]], all [[ABS-CBN (television network)|ABS-CBN]] terrestrial channels (including TVPlus channels), [[TV5 (Philippines)|TV5]], [[5 Plus]], [[GMA Network|GMA 7]]
<small>''*channels that are squeezed/letterboxed to 4:3 on analog terrestrial transmissions nor no letterbox on widescreen-produced programs.''</small>
<small>''**channels that are originally broadcasting in 4:3 on analog terrestrial, but upscaled or stretched to 16:9 for digital terrestrial television, cable and satellite.''</small>
<small>''***16:9 versions available on pay-TV services only.''</small>
|-
| {{flag|Qatar}}
| All [[Al Jazeera Sports]] channels, [[Al Jazeera]], [[Al Jazeera English]], [[Qatar TV]] HD, all Alkass channels.
|-
|{{flag|Saudi Arabia}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Singapore}}
| All [[MediaCorp]] channels, however 16:9 contents look squashed on older 4:3 sets. Also, all 4:3 contents including news clips are stretched as stretching is common.
|-
| {{flag|South Korea}}
| All major channels currently feature 16:9 aspect ratio.
|-
| {{flag|Sri Lanka}}
| [[Colombo TV]].
|-
|{{flag|Syria}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Taiwan}}
| [[Taiwan Television|TTV HD]], [[China Television|CTV HD]], [[Chinese Television System|CTS HD]], [[Formosa Television|FTV HD]], [[Public Television Service|PTS HD]], [[TVBS]].
|-
| {{flag|Thailand}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|United Arab Emirates}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Vietnam}}
| All of VTC's channels, [[Vietnam Television|VTV]] channels, [[Ho Chi Minh City Television|HTV]] channels and K+'s channels (selected programmes), most of local channels.
|}
===In the Americas===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Country
! Channel
|-
| {{flag|Argentina}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Barbados}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Bolivia}}
| '''''Always on 16:9''''': PAT, [[Red ATB|ATB]].<br/>''''' Often on 16:9''''': [[Bolivia TV]].
|-
| {{flag|Brazil}}
|Almost all channels.
|-
| {{flag|Canada}}
| Almost all channels.
|-
| {{flag|Chile}}
| All channels
|-
| {{flag|Colombia}}
| All channels, except [[Citytv Bogotá|Citytv]]
|-
| {{flag|Costa Rica}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Dominican Republic}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Ecuador}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Jamaica}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Mexico}}
| '''''Free-to-air television''''': [[Las Estrellas]], [[FOROtv]], [[Canal 5 (Televisa Network)|Canal 5]], [[Gala TV (Mexico)|NU9VE]], [[Televisa Regional]], [[Azteca Uno]], [[Azteca 7]], [[a+ (television channel)|a+]], [[XHTVM-TDT|adn40]], [[Imagen Televisión]], [[Excélsior|Excélsior TV]], [[Canal Once (Mexico)|Canal Once]], [[XEIMT-TDT|Canal 22]], [[Una Voz con Todos]], [[XHUNAM-TDT|Teveunam]], [[Milenio Televisión]], [[Multimedios Televisión]], [[Teleritmo]], and some local stations broadcast HD signal.
'''''Pay television''''': [[Unicable (Mexican network)|U]], [[Golden (TV channel)|Golden]], [[Golden Edge]], [[TL Novelas]], [[Bandamax]], [[De Película]], [[De Película Clásico]], [[Ritmoson Latino]], [[Televisa Deportes Network|TDN]], [[TeleHit]], [[Distrito Comedia]], [[Tiin]], Az Noticias, Az Clic!, Az Mundo, Az Corazón, Az Cinema, [[52MX]], TVC, [[TVC Deportes]], Pánico, Cinema Platino, Cine Mexicano.
|-
| {{flag|Panama}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Paraguay}}
| Almost all channels on free-to-air television (especially HD Feeds), (ex.: [[Red Paraguaya de Comunicación|RPC]], [[NPY]], [[Unicanal]], channel 7 HD). SD feeds (usually found on pay television) are usually letterboxed and downscaled to 4:3. (for example: [[Sistema Nacional de Televisión (Paraguay)|SNT]] & [[Paravisión]])
|-
| {{flag|Peru}}
| All nationalwide channels. Some regional networks still broadcast in 4:3.
|-
| {{flag|United States}}
| All HD channels. SD feeds (usually found on pay television) are usually letterboxed and downscaled to 4:3.
|-
| {{flag|Uruguay}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Venezuela}}
| All channels.
|}
===In Africa===
{{Expand section|date=August 2015}}
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Country
! Channel
|-
| {{flag|Algeria}}
| {{Unbulleted list|[[Public Establishment of Television|Algérie 3]]|[[Echourouk TV]]}}
|-
| {{flag|Angola}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Botswana}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Burkina Faso}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Cameroon}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Cape Verde}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Comoros}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Congo}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Djibouti}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Egypt}}
| ERTU Channel 1, ON E, ON Drama, ON Sport, ON Sport 2, DMC, DMC Drama, CBC, CBC Drama, CBC Sofra, Extra News, Al Nahar One, Al Nahar Drama, Al Nahar Sport, TeN, Al Hayah, Al Hayah 2, Al Hayah Musalsalat.
|-
| {{flag|Equatorial Guinea}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Eritrea}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Ethiopia}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Gabon}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Ghana}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Ivory Coast}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Kenya}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Lesotho}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Liberia}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Libya}}
| Libya 24.
|-
| {{flag|Madagascar}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Malawi}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Mali}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Morocco}}
| [[Al Aoula]].
|-
| {{flag|Mozambique}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Mauritius}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Namibia}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Nigeria}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Rwanda}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Senegal}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Somalia}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|South Africa}}
| 16:9 is the standard broadcast format for most digital channels and all [[high-definition television|HDTV]] broadcasts all main channels.
|-
|{{flag|Sudan}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Togo}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Tunisia}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Uganda}}
| All channels.
|-
| {{flag|Zimbabwe}}
| All channels.
|}
==See also==
*[[Display aspect ratio]]
*[[High-definition television]]
*[[Display resolution]]
*[[1080p]] / [[1080i]]
*[[24p]]
*[[Aspect ratio (image)#4:3 standard|4:3]]
*[[14:9]]
*[[16:10]]
*[[21:9 aspect ratio|21:9]]
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==References==
{{commons category|16:9}}
{{Reflist}}
== External links ==
{{Refbegin}}
* {{cite web |url=http://www.necdisplay.com/support/css/monitortechguide/index05.htm |publisher=NEC |title=NEC Monitor Technology Guide |accessdate=2006-07-24 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060521000427/http://www.necdisplay.com/support/css/monitortechguide/index05.htm |archivedate=2006-05-21}}
{{Refend}}
[[Category:Picture aspect ratios]]
[[Category:High-definition television]]
[[Category:Ultra-high-definition television]]' |
