Presidency of the United Nations Security Council

The presidency of the United Nations Security Council is responsible for leading the United Nations Security Council. It rotates among the 15 member-states of the council monthly. The head of the country's delegation is known as the President of the United Nations Security Council. The presidency has rotated every month since its establishment in 1946,[1] and the president serves to coordinate actions of the council, decide policy disputes, and sometimes functions as a diplomat or intermediary between conflicting groups.

Presidency of United Nations Security Council
رئاسة مجلس الأمن (Arabic)
联合国安全理事会主席 (Chinese)
Présidence du Conseil de sécurité (French)
Председатель Совета Безопасности (Russian)
Presidencia del Consejo de Seguridad (Spanish)
Member ofUnited Nations Security Council
SeatUnited Nations Headquarters
AppointerUnited Nations Security Council
Term lengthOne month
Constituting instrumentCharter of the United Nations
Formation17 January 1946
First holderAustralia
Websitewww.un.org/securitycouncil/content/presidency

Role

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The United Nations Security Council chamber in New York City

The presidency derives responsibility from the Provisional Rules of Procedure of the United Nations Security Council as well as the council's practice.[2] The role of the president involves calling the meetings of the Security Council,[3] approving the provisional agenda (proposed by the secretary-general),[4] presiding at its meetings,[5] deciding questions relating to policy[6] and overseeing any crisis. The president is authorized to issue both Presidential Statements[7] (subject to consensus among Council members) and notes,[8] which are used to make declarations of intent that the full Security Council can then pursue.[9] The president is also responsible for reading statements of the Security Council to the press. The holder of the presidency is considered to be the 'face' and spokesperson of the UNSC.[10] The holder of the presidency may appeal to parties in a conflict to "exercise restraint".[11]

The president represents the Security Council before other United Nations organs and member states. They also call upon members to speak, send applicants for United Nations membership to a committee of the UNSC and decide voting order.[12] Particularly after the end of the Cold War, the president has worked to coordinate the UNSC with other organs.[13] The president has authority to rule upon points of order, which can be put to a vote if a member of the council challenges it.[11] They also name members of various subsidiary organs, and are generally responsible for maintaining order.[14] Since November 2000, the president has generally prepared background papers for the topic being discussed.[15]

The president also continues to represent their state. If their nation is involved in a conflict the UNSC is discussing, they are expected to temporarily step down.[14] Conversely, because the presidency rotates monthly, all nations on the UNSC can evenly emphasize issues important to them.[16] Most non-permanent states hold the presidency once or twice during their two-year terms; Burkina Faso changed its name from Upper Volta in August 1984 during its term, and held it three times.[17] The president often makes a distinction between when they are speaking as the president and as the representative of their state.[18]

Davidson Nicol, an academic, writes that:

Although the role of the President should not be exaggerated, the work of the Council, its reputation and that of the United Nations are very much affected by the calibre and style of the individual who presides over the organ having responsibility for international peace and security. . . The Security Council is the pivot of the United Nations in efforts to maintain and enhance international peace and security. The major function of its President should be to guide it effectively and expeditiously toward this noble goal. [19]

Identity

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The Permanent Representative (ambassador) of the state to the security council is usually the president of the council,[12] but the presidency is technically given to a state and not a person.[16] For example, in January 2000, a month in which the United States held the presidency of the Security Council,[20] U.S. vice president Al Gore headed the United States delegation to the United Nations for a few days. As a result, Gore was the president of the Security Council during this time.[21] Heads of state have met six times at the UNSC.[22] All members of the council, including the president, must present credentials issued by either the head of state, the head of government, or the minister of foreign affairs of their respective states to the secretary-general, except if the representative is also the head of government or minister of foreign affairs.[23]

Rotation

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The United Nations Charter mentions the presidency once,[24] stating that the Security Council is empowered to establish rules of procedure, "including the method of selecting its president" in Article 30.[25] At its first meeting on 17 January 1946, the UNSC adopted provisional rule 18 and established that the presidency would rotate monthly among all the members of the Security Council, with no distinction between permanent and non-permanent members. The rotation takes place in alphabetical order of the member states' official names in English. French was originally proposed as the source of the order, based on its predecessor, the Council of the League of Nations, but English was picked by the Executive Committee of the UN Preparatory Commission, despite reservations that three permanent members could serve in order (the USSR, United States, and United Kingdom).[16] As such, Australia was the first nation to hold the presidency.[26][27][12] Such rotation makes the presidency unique among all United Nations organs.[16] The president is the only non-elected head of a United Nations organ.[26][28]

The president of the Security Council may optionally recuse themselves when the Security Council debates a question directly connected to the president's nation. For example, Cape Verde served as president in November 1993, but temporarily stepped down for part of the day on 10 November 1993 while the UN General Assembly and Security Council conducted an election to the International Court of Justice where Cape Verde was running for a seat. The Security Council member next in line, China, temporarily served as president during the election.[29]

Changes

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Due to the UNSC's first meeting being on a January 17, terms initially began on the 17th of every month. Since there were eleven members on the Security Council at the time, the last member in alphabetical order, the United States, was due to end its first term on 16 December 1946. It was suggested by Australia that month to extend the term to 31 December 1946 so that all future rotations of the presidency would occur on the first of every month (United Nations Security Council Resolution 14).

As a result, the first year of operation of the Security Council had all eleven members serve as president exactly once, the United States became the only member to serve a term longer than one month, and all future years that had an eleven-member Security Council would have one member serve twice for the January and December months.

On 1 January 1966, the Security Council was expanded to fifteen members, and no future members would serve as president more than once in a year barring exceptional circumstances.

Function

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In 1981, Sydney D. Bailey, an observer of the United Nations, divided the history of the UNSC into three eras; from 1946 to 1955, 1956–1965, and 1966 to 1981. In the first, presidents often acted on their own initiative without consulting the security council. During the second era, the security council was less involved in affairs relating to the Cold War, adopting the slogan "Leave it to Dag [Hammarskjöld]". From 1966 to 1981, the president began informally discussing matters before holding formal sessions and generally becoming more efficient.[30]

Early function

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Dmitry Manuilsky

In 1947 and 1948, the UNSC was involved in the independence of Israel and the ensuing 1947–1949 Palestine war. In July 1948, the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic held the presidency. The council met on 7 July upon the request of a United Nations mediator, to consider whether it should promote peace. The UNSC had previously invited representatives of the Arab Higher Committee and the Jewish Agency of Palestine to discuss the issue.[31]

Dmitry Manuilsky, the president in July, addressed the Jewish Agency as 'the representative of the State of Israel'. However, the UNSC had not formally recognized the state. Various member-states criticized his action, and only the United States supported it. In response, the Arab Higher Committee representatives left discussions, and did not return, hindering the UNSC's ability to negotiate the matter. Historian Istvan Pogany considers that "the President deliberately abused his office in order to further the objectives of his government."[31]

In 1948, the president informally engaged in diplomacy several times, the first in January 1948, when the Belgian president requested that India and Pakistan "refrain from any step incompatible with the Charter and liable to result in an aggravation of the situation". In April, the Colombian president met with representatives of the Jewish Agency and Arab Higher Committee to discuss possible terms for peace. Later that year, the Argentinian president established a 'Technical Committee on Berlin Currency and Trade'.[32] In August 1950, Sydney D. Bailey writes that the holder of the presidency, the Soviet Union, manipulated "the procedure of the Council for partisan purposes during debates on Korea".[33]

The president has also formally negotiated on behalf of the UNSC several times. In February 1957, upon the request of the UNSC, then-president Gunnar Jarring of Sweden prepared a report on India–Pakistan relations. He consulted with both nations and discussed many potential solutions to their disagreements, none of which were agreed upon. Such actions have generally not been requested since the 1970s. The president will also manage less formal negotiations upon request of the council.[32]

Later function

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Tsiang held the presidency 16 times, starting in 1948 and ending in 1962.

In a 31 March 1976 meeting discussing South African aggression against Angola, the meeting continued past midnight and it was technically 1 April. Thomas S. Boya, the representative of Benin and president for March, offered to pass the presidency on to China. Though the meeting was adjourned before a decision was reached, it became established procedure for the president to step down exactly when the month elapsed. A similar case on 31 May 2010 resulted in Nawaf Salam of Lebanon giving the presidency to Claude Heller of Mexico.[28]

In September 1994, during the Rwandan genocide, Rwanda was supposed to hold the presidency, but had not been present at Security Council meetings from 14 July. On 25 August, the Council decided to allow Spain to hold the position for September. A Rwandan delegation was again present on 16 September, and it was decided that the nation would hold the presidency in December.[17] The presidency has been ceded several times. The first was from 10 to 12 January 1950, when the representative of Taiwan ceded to Cuba. The United States ceded in 1948, China in 1950, India in 1951, Lebanon in 1956, and the United Kingdom in 1968. On 10 November 1993 the representative of Cape Verde, José Luís Jesus, ceded to China as he was a candidate for election to the International Court of Justice; and on 15 December 1994 the Rwandan representative ceded to Argentina. Both the United States and Soviet Union refused requests to cede the presidency, the US during the Cold War and USSR during the Congo Crisis.[34][35]

Taieb Slim, the Tunisian holder of the presidency in September 1980, asked Iran and Iraq to "desist from all armed activity and all acts that might worsen the dangerous situation and to settle their dispute by peaceful means.[11] The presidency was reformed in a 2010 note revised its function, largely focusing on increasing transparency. Efforts at such reform had begun in the 1990s.[36] There have been various other efforts to reform the position, such as allowing terms to be extended during times of war.[37]

Numerous people have served multiple times as president. The most times anyone has held the position is sixteen, by T.F. Tsiang, a representative of the Republic of China; the second-most was held by Yakov Malik, a representative of the USSR, ten.[38]

List of presidents

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1946–1949

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Presidents from 1946 to 1949:[39]

Dates State Name
17 January – 16 February 1946   Australia Norman Makin
17 February – 16 March 1946   Brazil Cyro de Freitas Valle
17 March – 16 April 1946   China Guo Taiqi
17 April – 16 May 1946   Egypt Hafez Afifi Pasha
17 May – 16 June 1946   France Alexandre Parodi
17 June – 16 July 1946   Mexico Francisco Castillo Nájera
17 July – 16 August 1946   Netherlands Eelco van Kleffens
17 August – 16 September 1946   Poland Oskar R. Lange
17 September – 16 October 1946   Soviet Union Andrei Gromyko
17 October – 16 November 1946   United Kingdom Alexander Cadogan
17 November – 31 December 1946   United States Herschel V. Johnson II
January 1947   Australia Norman Makin
February 1947   Belgium Fernand van Langenhove
March 1947   Brazil Oswaldo Aranha
April 1947   China Quo Tai-chi
May 1947   Colombia Alfonso López Pumarejo
June 1947   France Alexandre Parodi
July 1947   Poland Oskar R. Lange
August 1947   Syria Faris al-Khoury
September 1947   Soviet Union Andrei Gromyko
October 1947   United Kingdom Alexander Cadogan
November 1947   United States Warren Austin
December 1947   Australia John Hood
January 1948   Belgium Fernand van Langenhove
February 1948   Canada A. G. L. McNaughton
March 1948   China Tsiang Tingfu
April 1948   Colombia Alfonso López Pumarejo
May 1948   France Alexandre Parodi
June 1948   Syria Faris al-Khoury
July 1948   Ukrainian SSR Dmitry Manuilsky
August 1948   Soviet Union Yakov Malik
September 1948   United Kingdom Alexander Cadogan
October 1948   United States
  Argentina
Warren Austin
Juan Atilio Bramuglia
November 1948   Argentina José Arce
December 1948   Belgium Fernand van Langenhove
January 1949   Canada A. G. L. McNaughton
February 1949   China Tsiang Tingfu
March 1949   Cuba Alberto Inocente Álvarez
April 1949   Egypt Mahmoud Fawzi Bey
May 1949   France Jean Chauvel
June 1949   Norway Arne Sunde
July 1949   Ukrainian SSR Dmitry Manuilsky
August 1949   Soviet Union Semyon K. Tsarapkin
September 1949   United Kingdom Alexander Cadogan
October 1949   United States Warren Austin
November 1949   Argentina José Arce
December 1949   Canada A. G. L. McNaughton

1950–1954

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Presidents from 1950 to 1954:[40]

Dates State Name
January 1950   China Tsiang Tingfu
February 1950   Cuba Carlos Blanco Sanchez
March 1950   Ecuador Homero Viteri Lafronte
April 1950   Egypt Mahmoud Fawzi Bey
May 1950   France Jean Chauvel
June 1950   India Benegal Narsing Rau
July 1950   Norway Arne Sunde
August 1950   Soviet Union Yakov Malik
September 1950   United Kingdom Gladwyn Jebb
October 1950   United States Warren Austin
November 1950   Yugoslavia Aleš Bebler
December 1950   China Tsiang Tingfu
January 1951   Ecuador Antonio Quevedo
February 1951   France François Lacoste
March 1951   India
  Netherlands
Benegal Narsing Rau
D. J. von Balluseck
April 1951   Netherlands D. J. von Balluseck
May 1951   Turkey Selim Sarper and Ilhan Savut
June 1951   Soviet Union Yakov Malik
July 1951   United Kingdom Gladwyn Jebb
August 1951   United States Warren Austin
September 1951   Yugoslavia Aleš Bebler
October 1951   Brazil João Carlos Muniz
November 1951   China Tsiang Tingfu
December 1951   Ecuador Antonio Quevedo
January 1952   France Jean Chauvel
February 1952   Greece Alexis Kyrou
March 1952   Netherlands D. J. von Balluseck
April 1952   Pakistan Patras Bokhari
May 1952   Turkey Selim Sarper
June 1952   Soviet Union Yakov Malik
July 1952   United Kingdom Gladwyn Jebb
August 1952   United States Warren Austin
September 1952   Brazil João Carlos Muniz
October 1952   Chile Hernán Santa Cruz
November 1952   China Tsiang Tingfu
December 1952   France Henri Hoppenot
January 1953   Greece Alexis Kyrou
February 1953   Lebanon Charles Malik
March 1953   Pakistan Ahmed S. Bokhari
April 1953   Soviet Union Andrey Vyshinsky
May 1953   United Kingdom Gladwyn Jebb
June 1953   United States Henry Cabot Lodge Jr.
July 1953   Chile Rudecindo Ortega Masson
August 1953   China Tsiang Tingfu
September 1953   Colombia Francisco José Urrutia Holguín
October 1953   Denmark William Borberg
November 1953   France Henri Hoppenot
December 1953   Greece Alexis Kyrou
January 1954   Lebanon Charles Malik
February 1954   New Zealand Leslie Munro
March 1954   Turkey Selim Sarper
April 1954   Soviet Union Andrey Vyshinsky
May 1954   United Kingdom Pierson Dixon
June 1954   United States Henry Cabot Lodge Jr.
July 1954   Brazil Ernesto Leme
August 1954   China Tsiang Tingfu
September 1954   Colombia Francisco José Urrutia Holguín
October 1954   Denmark William Borberg
November 1954   France Henri Hoppenot
December 1954   Lebanon Charles Malik

1955–1959

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Presidents from 1955 to 1959:[40]

Dates State Name
January 1955   New Zealand Leslie Munro
February 1955   Peru Victor Belaunde
March 1955   Turkey Selim Sarper
April 1955   Soviet Union Arkady Sobolev
May 1955   United Kingdom Pierson Dixon
June 1955   United States Henry Cabot Lodge Jr.
July 1955   Belgium Fernand van Langenhove
August 1955   Brazil Cyro de Freitas Valle
September 1955   Republic of China Tsiang Tingfu
October 1955   France Henri Hoppenot
November 1955   Iran Nasrollah Entezam
December 1955   New Zealand Leslie Munro
January 1956   Peru Victor Belaunde
February 1956   Soviet Union Arkady Sobolev
March 1956   United Kingdom Pierson Dixon
April 1956   United States Henry Cabot Lodge Jr.
May 1956   Yugoslavia Jože Brilej
June 1956   Australia Edward Ronald Walker
July 1956   Belgium Josef Nisot
August 1956   Republic of China Tsiang Tingfu
September 1956   Cuba Emilio Núñez Portuondo
October 1956   France Christian Pineau, Bernard Cornut-Gentille, and Louis de Guiringaud
November 1956   Iran Nasrollah Entezam
December 1956   Peru Victor Belaunde
January 1957   Philippines Carlos P. Romulo
February 1957   Sweden Gunnar Jarring
March 1957   Soviet Union Arkady Sobolev
April 1957   United Kingdom Pierson Dixon
May 1957   United States Henry Cabot Lodge Jr.
June 1957   Australia Edward Ronald Walker
July 1957   Republic of China Tsiang Tingfu
August and September 1957   Colombia
  Cuba
Francisco José Urrutia Holguín
Emilio Núñez Portuondo
October 1957   France Guillaume Georges-Picot
November 1957   Iraq Hashim Jawad
December 1957   Philippines Carlos P. Romulo
January 1958   Sweden Gunnar Jarring
February 1958   Soviet Union Arkady Sobolev
March 1958   United Kingdom Pierson Dixon
April 1958   United States Henry Cabot Lodge Jr.
May 1958   Canada Charles Ritchie
June 1958   Republic of China Tsiang Tingfu
July 1958   Colombia Alfonso Araújo Gaviria
August 1958   France Guillaume Georges-Picot
September 1958   Iraq Hashim Jawad
October 1958   Japan Koto Matsudaira
November 1958   Panama Jorge Illueca
December 1958   Sweden Gunnar Jarring
January 1959   Tunisia Mongi Slim
February 1959   Soviet Union Arkady Sobolev
March 1959   United Kingdom Pierson Dixon
April 1959   United States Henry Cabot Lodge Jr.
May 1959   Argentina Mario Amadeo
June 1959   Canada Charles Ritchie
July 1959   Republic of China Tsiang Tingfu
August 1959   France Armand Bérard
September 1959   Italy Egidio Ortona
October 1959   Japan Koto Matsudaira
November 1959   Panama Jorge Illueca
December 1959   Tunisia Mongi Slim

1960–1964

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Presidents from 1960 to 1964:[41]

Dates State Name
January 1960   Soviet Union Arkady Sobolev
February 1960   United Kingdom Pierson Dixon
March 1960   United States Henry Cabot Lodge Jr.
April 1960   Argentina Mario Amadeo
May 1960   Ceylon Claude Corea
June 1960   Republic of China Tsiang Tingfu
July 1960   Ecuador José A. Correa
August 1960   France Armand Bérard
September 1960   Italy Egidio Ortona
October 1960   Poland Bohdan Lewandowski
November 1960   Tunisia Mongi Slim
December 1960   Soviet Union Valerian Zorin
January 1961   United Arab Republic Omar Loutfi
February 1961   United Kingdom Patrick Dean
March 1961   United States Adlai E. Stevenson
April 1961   Ceylon T. B. Subasinghe
May 1961   Chile Daniel Schweitzer
June 1961   Republic of China Tsiang Tingfu and Y. C. Hsueh
July 1961   Ecuador Leopoldo Benites
August 1961   France Armand Bérard
September 1961   Liberia Nathan Barnes
October 1961   Turkey Turgut Menemencioglu
November 1961   Soviet Union Valerian Zorin
December 1961   United Arab Republic Omar Loutfi
January 1962   United Kingdom Patrick Dean
February 1962   United States Adlai E. Stevenson and Francis T. P. Plimpton
March 1962   Venezuela Carlos Sosa Rodríguez
April 1962   Chile Daniel Schweitzer
May 1962   Republic of China Tsiang Tingfu
June 1962   France Armand Bérard
July 1962   Ghana Alex Quaison-Sackey
August 1962   Ireland Frederick Boland
September 1962   Romania Mihai Haseganu
October 1962   Soviet Union Platon Morozov and Valerian Zorin
November 1962   United Arab Republic Mahmoud Riad
December 1962   United Kingdom Patrick Dean
January 1963   United States Adlai E. Stevenson
February 1963   Venezuela Carlos Sosa-Rodriguez
March 1963   Brazil Geraldo de Carvalho Silos
April 1963   Republic of China Liu Chieh
May 1963   France Roger Seydoux
June 1963   Ghana Alex Quaison-Sackey
July 1963   Morocco Ahmed Taibi Benhima
August 1963   Norway Sievert A. Nielsen
September 1963   Philippines Jacinto Castel Borja
October 1963   Soviet Union Nikolai Fedorenko
November 1963   United Kingdom Patrick Dean
December 1963   United States Adlai E. Stevenson, Charles Yost, and Francis T. P. Plimpton
January 1964   Bolivia Renan Castrillo Justiniano
February 1964   Brazil Carlos A. Bernardes
March 1964   Republic of China Liu Chieh
April 1964   Czechoslovakia Jiří Hájek
May 1964   France Roger Seydoux
June 1964   Ivory Coast Arsene A. Usher
July 1964   Morocco Ahmed Taibi Benhima
August 1964   Norway Sievert A. Nielsen
September 1964   Soviet Union Platon D. Morozov
October 1964   United Kingdom Patrick Dean
November 1964   United States Adlai E. Stevenson
December 1964   Bolivia Fernando Ortiz Sanz

1965–1969

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Presidents from 1965 to 1969:[41]

Dates State Name
January 1965   Republic of China Liu Chieh
February 1965   France Roger Seydoux
March 1965   Ivory Coast Arsene Usher
April 1965   Jordan Abdul Monem Rifa'i
May 1965   Malaysia Radhakrishna Ramani
June 1965   Netherlands J. G. de Beus
July 1965   Soviet Union Platon Morozov
August 1965   United Kingdom Roger Jackling
September 1965   United States Arthur Goldberg
October 1965   Uruguay Hector Payssé Reyes
November 1965   Bolivia Fernando Ortiz Sanz
December 1965   Republic of China Liu Chieh
January 1966   France Roger Seydoux
February 1966   Japan Akira Matsui
March 1966   Jordan Muhammed El-Farra
April 1966   Mali Moussa Leo Keita
May 1966   Netherlands J. G. de Beus
June 1966   New Zealand Frank Corner
July 1966   Nigeria Simeon Adebo
August 1966   Uganda Apollo Kironde
September 1966   Soviet Union Nikolai Fedorenko
October 1966   United Kingdom Hugh Foot, Baron Caradon and Roger Jackling
November 1966   United States Arthur Goldberg
December 1966   Uruguay Pedro P. Berro
January 1967   Argentina Raúl Alberto Quijano
February 1967   Brazil José Sette Câmara
March 1967   Bulgaria Milko Tarabanov
April 1967   Canada George Ignatieff
May 1967   Republic of China Liu Chieh
June 1967   Denmark Hans Tabor
July 1967   Ethiopia Endelkachew Makonnen
August 1967   France Roger Seydoux
September 1967   India Gopalaswami Parthasarathi
October 1967   Japan Senjin Tsuruoka
November 1967   Mali Mamadou Boubacar Kante
December 1967   Nigeria Simeon Adebo
January 1968   Pakistan Agha Shahi
February 1968   Paraguay Miguel Solano Lopez
March 1968   Senegal Ousmane Socé
April 1968   Soviet Union Yakov Malik
May 1968   United Kingdom Hugh Foot, Baron Caradon
June 1968   United States Arthur Goldberg
July 1968   Algeria Tewfik Bouattoura
August 1968   Brazil João Augusto de Araújo Castro
September 1968   Canada George Ignatieff
October 1968   Republic of China Liu Chieh
November 1968   Denmark Otto L. Borch
December 1968   Ethiopia Endelkachew Makonnen
January 1969   Finland Max Jakobson
February 1969   France Armand Bérard
March 1969   Hungary Károly Csatorday
April 1969   Nepal Padma Bahadur Khatri
May 1969   Pakistan Agha Shahi
June 1969   Paraguay Miguel Solano Lopez
July 1969   Senegal Ibrahima Boye
August 1969   Spain Jaime de Piniés
September 1969   Soviet Union Yakov Malik
October 1969   United Kingdom Hugh Foot, Baron Caradon
November 1969   United States Charles Yost
December 1969   Zambia Vernon Mwaanga

1970–1974

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Presidents from 1970 to 1974:[42]

Dates State Name
January 1970   Burundi Terence Nsanze
February 1970   Republic of China Liu Chieh
March 1970   Colombia Joaquín Vallejo Arbeláez
April 1970   Finland Max Jakobson
May 1970   France Jacques Kosciusco-Morizet
June 1970   Nepal Padma Bahadur Khatri
July 1970   Nicaragua Guillermo Sevilla Sacasa
August 1970   Poland Eugeniusz Kułaga
September 1970   Sierra Leone Davidson Nicol
October 1970   Spain Jaime de Piniés
November 1970   Syria George Tomeh
December 1970   Soviet Union Yakov Malik
January 1971   United Kingdom Colin Crowe
February 1971   United States Charles Woodruff Yost
March 1971   Argentina Carlos Ortiz de Rozas
April 1971   Belgium Edouard Longerstaey
May 1971   Burundi Terence Nsanze
June 1971   Republic of China Liu Chieh
July 1971   France Jacques Kosciusco-Morizet
August 1971   Italy Piero Vinci
September 1971   Japan Toru Nakagawa
October 1971   Nicaragua Guillermo Sevilla Sacasa
November 1971   Poland Eugeniusz Kułaga
December 1971   Sierra Leone Ismail Byne Taylor-Kamara
January 1972   Somalia Abdulrahim Abby Farah and Umar Arteh Ghalib
February 1972   Sudan Mansour Khalid, Rahmatalla Abdalla, and Mohammed Fakhreddine
March 1972   Soviet Union Yakov Malik
April 1972   United Kingdom Colin Crowe
May 1972   United States George H. W. Bush
June 1972   Yugoslavia Lazar Mojsov
July 1972   Argentina Carlos Ortiz de Rozas
August 1972   Belgium Edouard Longerstaey
September 1972   People's Republic of China Huang Hua
October 1972   France Louis de Guiringaud
November 1972   Guinea Jeanne-Martin Cissé
December 1972   India Samar Sen
January 1973   Indonesia Chaidir Anwar Sani
February 1973   Kenya Joseph Odero-Jowi
March 1973   Panama Aquilino Boyd, Omar Torrijos, and Juan Antonio Tack
April 1973   Peru Javier Pérez de Cuéllar
May 1973   Sudan Ramatalla Abdulla
June 1973   Soviet Union Yakov Malik
July 1973   United Kingdom Kenneth Jamieson and Colin Crowe
August 1973   United States John A. Scali
September 1973   Yugoslavia Lazar Mojsov
October 1973   Australia Laurence McIntyre
November 1973   Austria Peter Jankowitsch
December 1973   People's Republic of China Huang Hua
January 1974   Costa Rica Gonzalo Facio Segreda
February 1974   France Louis de Guiringaud
March 1974   Indonesia Chaidir Anwar Sani
April 1974   Iraq Talib Shabib
May 1974   Kenya Charles Gatere Maina
June 1974   Mauritania Moulaye El Hassen
July 1974   Peru Javier Pérez de Cuéllar
August 1974   Soviet Union Yakov Malik
September 1974   United Kingdom Ivor Richard
October 1974   Cameroon Michel Njine
November 1974   United States John A. Scali
December 1974   Australia Laurence McIntyre

1975–1979

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Presidents from 1975 to 1979:[42]

Dates State Name
January 1975   Byelorussian SSR Guerodot G. Tchernouchtchenko
February 1975   People's Republic of China Huang Hua
March 1975   Costa Rica Gonzalo J. Facio and Fernando Salazar
April 1975   France Louis de Guiringaud
May 1975   Guyana Shridath Ramphal
June 1975   Iraq Abdul Karim Al-Shaikhly
July 1975   Italy Eugenio Plaja
August 1975   Japan Shizuo Saito
September 1975   Mauritania Moulaye El Hassen
October 1975   Sweden Olof Rydbeck
November 1975   Soviet Union Yakov Malik
1–15, 17–31 December 1975   United Kingdom Ivor Richard
16 December 1975   Cameroon Ferdinand Oyono
January 1976   United Republic of Tanzania Salim Ahmed Salim
February 1976   United States Daniel Patrick Moynihan
March 1976   Benin Thomas S. Boya
April 1976   People's Republic of China Huang Hua
May 1976   France Louis de Guiringaud
June 1976   Guyana Rashleigh E. Jackson and Frederick R. Wills
July 1976   Italy Piero Vinci
August 1976   Japan Isao Abe
September 1976   Libya Mansour Rashid El-Kikhia
October 1976   Pakistan Iqbal A. Akhund
November 1976   Panama Jorge Illueca
December 1976   Romania Ion Datcu
January 1977   Soviet Union Oleg Troyanovsky
February 1977   United Kingdom James Murray
March 1977   United States Andrew Young
April 1977   Venezuela Simón Alberto Consalvi
May 1977   Benin Thomas S. Boya
June 1977   Canada William Hickson Barton
July 1977   People's Republic of China Chen Chu
August 1977   France Jacques Leprette
September 1977   Federal Republic of Germany Rüdiger von Wechmar
October 1977   India Rikhi Jaipal
November 1977   Libya Mansour Rashid El-Kikhia
December 1977   Mauritius Radha Krishna Ramphul and Harold E. Walter
January 1978   Nigeria Joseph Nanven Garba and Leslie O. Harriman
February 1978   Soviet Union Oleg Troyanovsky
March 1978   United Kingdom Ivor Richard
April 1978   United States Andrew Young
May 1978   Venezuela Ruben Carpio Castillo
June 1978   Bolivia Mario Rolon Anaya
July 1978   Canada William Hickson Barton
August 1978   People's Republic of China Chen Chu
September 1978   Czechoslovakia Ilja Hulínský
October 1978   France Jacques Leprette
November 1978   Gabon Léon N'Dong
December 1978   Federal Republic of Germany Rüdiger von Wechmar
January 1979   Jamaica Donald O. Mills
February 1979   Kuwait Abdalla Y. Bishara
March 1979   Nigeria Leslie O. Harriman
April 1979   Norway Ole Ålgård
May 1979   Portugal Vasco Futscher Pereira
June 1979   Soviet Union Oleg Troyanovsky
July 1979   United Kingdom Ivor Richard
August 1979   United States Andrew Young
September 1979   Zambia Paul J. F. Lusaka
October 1979   Bangladesh Khwaja Mohammed Kaiser
November 1979   Bolivia Sergio Palacios de Vizzio
December 1979   People's Republic of China Chen Chu

1980–1984

edit

Presidents from 1980 to 1984:[43]

Dates State Name
January 1980   France Jacques Leprette
February 1980   German Democratic Republic Peter Florin
March 1980   Jamaica Donald O. Mills
April 1980   Mexico Porfirio Muñoz Ledo
May 1980   Niger Ide Oumarou
June 1980   Norway Ole Ålgård
July 1980   Philippines Carlos P. Romulo
August 1980   Portugal Vasco Futscher Pereira
September 1980   Tunisia Taieb Slim
October 1980   Soviet Union Oleg Troyanovsky
November 1980   United Kingdom Anthony Parsons
December 1980   United States Donald McHenry
January 1981   People's Republic of China Ling Qing
February 1981   France Jacques Leprette
March 1981   German Democratic Republic Peter Florin
April 1981   Ireland Noel Dorr
May 1981   Japan Masahiro Nisibori
June 1981   Mexico Porfirio Muñoz Ledo
July 1981   Niger Ide Oumarou
August 1981   Panama Jorge Illueca
September 1981   Philippines Carlos P. Romulo
October 1981   Spain Jaime de Piniés
November 1981   Tunisia Taieb Slim
December 1981   Uganda Olara Otunnu
January 1982   Soviet Union Oleg Troyanovsky
February 1982   United Kingdom Anthony Parsons
March 1982   United States Jeane Kirkpatrick
April 1982   Zaire Gérard Kamanda wa Kamanda
May 1982   People's Republic of China Ling Qing
June 1982   France Luc de la Barre de Nanteuil
July 1982   Guyana Noel G. Sinclair
August 1982   Ireland Noel Dorr
September 1982   Japan Masahiro Nisibori
October 1982   Jordan Hazem Nuseibeh
November 1982   Panama Carlos Ozores Typaldos
December 1982   Poland Włodzimierz Natorf
January 1983   Togo Atsu-Koffi Amega
February 1983   Soviet Union Oleg Troyanovsky
March 1983   United Kingdom John Adam Thomson
April 1983   United States Jeane Kirkpatrick
May 1983   Zaire Umba di Lutete and Gérard Kamanda wa Kamanda
June 1983   Zimbabwe Elleck Mashingaidze
July 1983   People's Republic of China Ling Qing
August 1983   France Luc de la Barre de Nanteuil
September 1983   Guyana Noel G. Sinclair
October 1983   Jordan Abdullah Salah
November 1983   Malta Victor J. Gauci
December 1983   Netherlands Max van der Stoel
January 1984   Nicaragua Francisco Javier Chamorro Mora
February 1984   Pakistan S. Shah Nawaz
March 1984   Peru Javier Arias Stella
April 1984   Ukrainian SSR Volodymyr O. Kravets
May 1984   Soviet Union Oleg Troyanovsky
June 1984   United Kingdom John Adam Thomson
July 1984   United States Jeane Kirkpatrick
August 1984   Upper Volta, from 4 August on as   Burkina Faso Leandre Bassole
September 1984   Zimbabwe Elleck Mashingaidze
October 1984   Burkina Faso Basile Laerte Guissou and Leandre Bassole
November 1984   People's Republic of China Ling Qing
December 1984   Egypt Ahmed Tawfik Khalil

1985–1989

edit

Presidents from 1985 to 1989:[43]

Dates State Name
January 1985   France Claude de Kemoularia
February 1985   India Natarajan Krishnan
March 1985   Madagascar Blaise Rabetafika
April 1985   Peru Javier Arias Stella
May 1985   Thailand Birabhongse Kasemsri and Siddhi Savetsila
June 1985   Trinidad and Tobago Errol Mahabir and D. H. N. Alleyne
July 1985   Ukrainian SSR Hennadiy Udovenko
August 1985   Soviet Union Oleg Troyanovsky
September 1985   United Kingdom John Adam Thomson and Geoffrey Howe
October 1985   United States Herbert S. Okun and Vernon A. Walters
November 1985   Australia Richard Woolcott
December 1985   Burkina Faso Leandre Bassole
January 1986   People's Republic of China Luye Li
February 1986   People's Republic of the Congo Martin Adouki
March 1986   Denmark Ole Bierring
April 1986   France Claude de Kemoularia
May 1986   Ghana James Victor Gbeho
June 1986   Madagascar Blaise Rabetafika
July 1986   Thailand Birabhongse Kasemsri
August 1986   Trinidad and Tobago D. H. N. Alleyne
September 1986   Soviet Union Alexander Belonogov
October 1986   United Arab Emirates Mohammed Hussein Al Shaali
November 1986   United Kingdom John Adam Thomson
December 1986   United States Vernon A. Walters
January 1987   Venezuela Andres Aguilar
February 1987   Zambia Peter D. Zuze
March 1987   Argentina Marcelo Delpech
April 1987   Bulgaria Boris Tsvetkov
May 1987   People's Republic of China Jiahua Huang
June 1987   People's Republic of the Congo Martin Adouki
July 1987   France Jean-Bernard Raimond and Pierre-Louis Blanc
August 1987   Federal Republic of Germany Hans Werner Lautenschlager
September 1987   Ghana James Victor Gbeho
October 1987   Italy Maurizio Bucci
November 1987   Japan Kiyoaki Kikuchi
December 1987   Soviet Union Alexander Belonogov
January 1988   United Kingdom Crispin Tickell
February 1988   United States Herbert S. Okun and Vernon A. Walters
March 1988   Yugoslavia Dragoslav Pejić
April 1988   Zambia Peter D. Zuze
May 1988   Algeria Hocine Djoudi
June 1988   Argentina Marcelo Delpech
July 1988   Brazil Paulo Nogueira Batista
August 1988   People's Republic of China Li Luye
September 1988   France Pierre-Louis Blanc
October 1988   Federal Republic of Germany Alexander Graf York von Wartenburg
November 1988   Italy Mario Scialoja and G. Migliuolo
December 1988   Japan H. Kagami
January 1989   Malaysia Razali Ismail
February 1989   Nepal J. P. Rana
March 1989   Senegal A. C. Diallo
April 1989   Soviet Union Alexander Belonogov
May 1989   United Kingdom Crispin Tickell
June 1989   United States Thomas R. Pickering
July 1989   Yugoslavia Dragoslav Pejić
August 1989   Algeria Hocine Djoudi
September 1989   Brazil Paulo Nogueira Batista
October 1989   Canada L. Yves Fortier
November 1989   People's Republic of China Li Luye
December 1989   Colombia Enrique Peñalosa

1990–1994

edit

Presidents from 1990 to 1994:[44]

Dates State Name
January 1990   Côte d'Ivoire Amara Essy
February 1990   Cuba Ricardo Alarcón
March 1990   People's Democratic Republic of Yemen Abdullah Saleh al-Ashtal
April 1990   Ethiopia Tesfaye Tadessa
May 1990   Finland Klaus Törnudd
June 1990   France Pierre-Louis Blanc
July 1990   Malaysia Razali Ismail
August 1990   Romania Aurel Dragoș Munteanu
September 1990   Soviet Union Yuli Mikhailovich Vorontsov and Eduard Shevardnadze
October 1990   United Kingdom David Hannay
November 1990   United States Thomas R. Pickering and James Baker
December 1990   Yemen Abdullah Saleh al-Ashtal
January 1991   Zaire Bagbeni Adeito Nzengeya
February 1991   Zimbabwe Simbarashe Mumbengegwi
March 1991   Austria Peter Hohenfellner
April 1991   Belgium Paul Noterdaeme
May 1991   People's Republic of China Li Daoyu
June 1991   Côte d'Ivoire Jean-Jacques Bechio
July 1991   Cuba Ricardo Alarcón
August 1991   Ecuador José Ayala Lasso
September 1991   France Jean-Bernard Mérimée and Roland Dumas
October 1991   India Chinmaya Rajaninath Gharekhan
November 1991   Romania Aurel Dragoș Munteanu
1–25 December 1991   Soviet Union Yuli Mikhailovich Vorontsov
26–31 December 1991   Russia
January 1992   United Kingdom David Hannay and John Major
February 1992   United States Thomas R. Pickering
March 1992   Venezuela Diego Arria
April 1992   Zimbabwe Simbarashe Mumbengegwi and Stanislaus Garikai Chigwedere
May 1992   Austria Peter Hohenfellner
June 1992   Belgium Paul Noterdaeme
July 1992   Cape Verde José Luís de Jesus
August 1992   People's Republic of China Li Daoyu
September 1992   Ecuador José Ayala Lasso
October 1992   France Jean-Bernard Mérimée
November 1992   Hungary Andre Erdos
December 1992   India Chinmaya Rajaninath Gharekhan
January 1993   Japan Yoshio Hatano
February 1993   Morocco Ahmed Snoussi
March 1993   New Zealand Terence Christopher O'Brien and Donald Charles McKinnon
April 1993   Pakistan Jamsheed Marker
May 1993   Russia Yuli Mikhailovich Vorontsov
June 1993   Spain Juan Antonio Yáñez-Barnuevo
July 1993   United Kingdom David Hannay and —— Richardson
August 1993   United States Madeleine Albright
September 1993   Venezuela Adolfo Taylhardat
October 1993   Brazil Ronaldo Mota Sardenberg
November 1993   Cape Verde
  People's Republic of China
José Luís de Jesus
Li Zhaoxing
December 1993   People's Republic of China Li Zhaoxing
January 1994   Czech Republic Karel Kovanda
February 1994   Djibouti Roble Olhaye
March 1994   France Jean-Bernard Mérimée
April 1994   New Zealand Colin Keating and Donald Charles McKinnon
May 1994   Nigeria Ibrahim Gambari and Baba Gana Kingibe
June 1994   Oman Salim Bin Mohammed Al-Kussaiby
July 1994   Pakistan Jamsheed Marker
August 1994   Russia Yuli Mikhailovich Vorontsov
September 1994   Spain Juan Antonio Yáñez-Barnuevo and Francisco Javier Solana de Madariaga
October 1994   United Kingdom David Hannay
November 1994   United States Madeleine Albright
December 1994   Rwanda Manzi Bakuramutsa

1995–1999

edit

Presidents from 1995 to 1999:[44]

Dates State Name
January 1995   Argentina Emilio Cárdenas
February 1995   Botswana Joseph Legwaila and Mompati Merafhe
March 1995   People's Republic of China Li Zhaoxing and Xuexian Wang
April 1995   Czech Republic Karel Kovanda and Alexandr Vondra
May 1995   France Jean-Bernard Mérimée
June 1995   Germany Detlev Graf zu Rantzau
July 1995   Honduras Gerardo Martínez Blanco and Delmer Urbizio Panting
August 1995   Indonesia Nugroho Wisnumurti
September 1995   Italy Francesco Paolo Fulci and Susanna Agnelli
October 1995   Nigeria Ibrahim Gambari
November 1995   Oman Salim bin Mohammed Al-Khussaiby
December 1995   Russia Sergey Lavrov
January 1996   United Kingdom John Weston
February 1996   United States Madeleine Albright
March 1996   Botswana Joseph Legwaila
April 1996   Chile Juan Somavía
May 1996   People's Republic of China Huasun Qin
June 1996   Egypt Nabil Elaraby
July 1996   France Alain Dejammet
August 1996   Germany Antonius Eitel
September 1996   Guinea-Bissau Alfredo Lopes Cabral
October 1996   Honduras Delmer Urbizio Panting and Gerardo Martínez Blanco
November 1996   Indonesia Nugroho Wisnumurti
December 1996   Italy Francesco Paolo Fulci
January 1997   Japan Hisashi Owada
February 1997   Kenya Njuguna M. Mahugu
March 1997   Poland Zbigniew M. Włosowicz
April 1997   Portugal António Monteiro
May 1997   South Korea Park Soo Gil and Chong Ha Yoo
June 1997   Russia Sergey Lavrov
July 1997   Sweden Peter Osvald and Lena Hjelm-Wallén
August 1997   United Kingdom John Weston
September 1997   United States William B. Richardson and Madeleine Albright
October 1997   Chile Juan Somavía
November 1997   People's Republic of China Huasun Qin
December 1997   Costa Rica Fernando Berrocal Soto
January 1998   France Alain Dejammet
February 1998   Gabon Casimir Oyé-Mba and Denis Dangue Réwaka
March 1998   Gambia Momodou Lamin Sedat Jobe and Abdoulie Momodou Sallah
April 1998   Japan Hisashi Owada
May 1998   Kenya Njuguna Mahugu and Bonaya Godana
June 1998   Portugal António Monteiro and Jaime Gama
July 1998   Russia Sergey Lavrov
August 1998   Slovenia Danilo Türk
September 1998   Sweden Lena Hjelm-Wallén and Hans Dalgren
October 1998   United Kingdom Jeremy Greenstock
November 1998   United States Peter Burleigh
December 1998   Bahrain Jassim Mohammed Buallay
January 1999   Brazil Celso Amorim
February 1999   Canada Robert R. Fowler and Lloyd Axworthy
March 1999   People's Republic of China Qin Huasun
April 1999   France Alain Dejammet
May 1999   Gabon Denis Dangue Réwaka
June 1999   Gambia Baboucarr-Blaise Jagne
July 1999   Malaysia Syed Hamid Albar and Agam Hasmy
August 1999   Namibia Martin Andjaba and Theo-Ben Gurirab
September 1999   Netherlands Peter van Walsum and Jozias van Aartsen
October 1999   Russia Sergey Lavrov
November 1999   Slovenia Danilo Türk and Boris Frlec
December 1999   United Kingdom Jeremy Greenstock and Peter Hain

2000–2004

edit

Presidents from 2000 to 2004:[20]

Dates State Name
January 2000   United States Al Gore, Richard Holbrooke, and Madeleine Albright
February 2000   Argentina Arnoldo Manuel Listre and Adalberto Rodríguez Giavarini
March 2000   Bangladesh Anwarul Karim Chowdhury and Abdus Samad Azad
April 2000   Canada Lloyd Axworthy and Robert Fowler
May 2000   People's Republic of China Wang Yingfan
June 2000   France Jean-David Levitte
July 2000   Jamaica Patricia Durrant and Paul Robertson
August 2000   Malaysia Agam Hasmy
September 2000   Mali Moctar Ouane and Alpha Oumar Konaré
October 2000   Namibia Martin Andjaba and Theo-Ben Gurirab
November 2000   Netherlands Peter van Walsum, Jozias van Aartsen, and Eveline Herfkens
December 2000   Russia Sergey Lavrov
January 2001   Singapore Kishore Mahbubani and S. Jayakumar
February 2001   Tunisia Said Ben Mustapha and Habib Ben Yahia
March 2001   Ukraine Valeriy P. Kuchinsky, Volodymyr Yelchenko, and Anatoliy Zlenko
April 2001   United Kingdom Jeremy Greenstock
May 2001   United States James B. Cunningham
June 2001   Bangladesh Anwarul Karim Chowdhury and Abdus Samad Azad
July 2001   People's Republic of China Wang Yingfan
August 2001   Colombia Guillermo Fernández de Soto and Alfonso Valdivieso Sarmiento
September 2001   France Jean-David Levitte
October 2001   Ireland Richard Ryan and Brian Cowen
November 2001   Jamaica Patricia Durrant, P. J. Patterson, and Keith D. Knight
December 2001   Mali Moctar Ouane
January 2002   Mauritius Jagdish Koonjul and Anil Gayan
February 2002   Mexico Adolfo Aguilar Zínser
March 2002   Norway Ole Peter Kolby and Jan Petersen
April 2002   Russia Sergey Lavrov
May 2002   Singapore Kishore Mahbubani and S. Jayakumar
June 2002   Syria Mikhail Wehbe and Farouk al-Sharaa
July 2002   United Kingdom Jeremy Greenstock and Valerie Amos
August 2002   United States John Negroponte and James B. Cunningham
September 2002   Bulgaria Solomon Passy, Stefan Tafrov, Georgi Parvanov, and Rayko Strahilov Raytchev
October 2002   Cameroon Martin Belinga Eboutou
November 2002   People's Republic of China Zhang Yishan and Wang Yingfan
December 2002   Colombia Alfonso Valdivieso Sarmiento and Carolina Barco
January 2003   France Jean-Marc de La Sablière and Dominique de Villepin
February 2003   Germany Gunter Pleuger and Joschka Fischer
March 2003   Guinea François Lonseny Fall and Mamady Traore
April 2003   Mexico Adolfo Aguilar Zínser and Luis Ernesto Derbez
May 2003   Pakistan Munir Akram and Khurshid Mahmud Kasuri
June 2003   Russia Sergey Lavrov
July 2003   Spain Inocencio Arias, Ana Menendez, and Ana Palacio
August 2003   Syria Mikhail Wehbe and Faisal Meqdad
September 2003   United Kingdom Emyr Jones Parry and Jack Straw
October 2003   United States John Negroponte and James B. Cunningham
November 2003   Angola Gaspar Martins
December 2003   Bulgaria Stefan Tafrov and Solomon Passy
January 2004   Chile Heraldo Muñoz and Soledad Alvear
February 2004   People's Republic of China Wang Guangya
March 2004   France Jean-Marc de La Sablière and Pierre-André Wiltzer
April 2004   Germany Gunter Pleuger and Kerstin Müller
May 2004   Pakistan Munir Akram and Khurshid Mahmud Kasuri
June 2004   Philippines Lauro L. Baja Jr. and Delia Domingo-Albert
July 2004   Romania Mihnea Motoc, Adrian Năstase, and Mircea Geoană
August 2004   Russia Andrey Denisov
September 2004   Spain Juan Antonio Yáñez-Barnuevo and Miguel Ángel Moratinos
October 2004   United Kingdom Emyr Jones Parry, Bill Rammell, and Adam Thomson
November 2004   United States John Danforth and Anne W. Patterson
December 2004   Algeria Abdallah Baali and Abdelaziz Belkhadem

2005–2009

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Dates State Name
January 2005   Argentina César Mayoral and Rafael Bielsa[20]
February 2005   Benin Joel W. Adechi and Rogatien Biaou[20]
March 2005   Brazil Ronaldo Mota Sardenberg[20]
April 2005   People's Republic of China Wang Guangya and Zhang Yishan[20]
May 2005   Denmark Ellen Margrethe Løj, Lars Faaborg-Andersen, and Per Stig Møller[20]
June 2005   France Jean-Marc de La Sablière, Michel Duclos, and Brigitte Collet[20]
July 2005   Greece Adamantios Vassilakis[45]
August 2005   Japan Kenzo Oshima[46]
September 2005   Philippines Lauro L. Baja Jr.[47] and Bayani Mercado[48]
October 2005   Romania Mihnea Motoc[49] and Mihai Răzvan Ungureanu[50]
November 2005   Russia Andrey Denisov[51]
December 2005   United Kingdom Emyr Jones Parry[52]
January 2006   United Republic of Tanzania Augustine P. Mahiga[53]
February 2006   United States John R. Bolton[54]
March 2006   Argentina César Mayoral[55]
April 2006   People's Republic of China Wang Guangya[56]
May 2006   Republic of the Congo Basile Ikouébé[57] and Pascal Gayama[58]
June 2006   Denmark Ellen Margrethe Løj[59]
July 2006   France Jean-Marc de La Sablière[60]
August 2006   Ghana Nana Effah-Apenteng[61]
September 2006   Greece Adamantios Vassilakis[62]
October 2006   Japan Kenzo Oshima[63]
November 2006   Peru Jorge Voto-Bernales[64]
December 2006   Qatar Nassir Abdulaziz Al-Nasser[65] and Mutlaq Majed al-Qahtani[66]
January 2007   Russia Vitaly Churkin[67]
February 2007   Slovakia Peter Burian[68]
March 2007   South Africa Dumisani Kumalo[69]
April 2007   United Kingdom Emyr Jones Parry[70] and Karen Pierce[71]
May 2007   United States Zalmay Khalilzad[72] and Alejandro Daniel Wolff[73]
June 2007   Belgium Johan C. Verbeke[74]
July 2007   People's Republic of China Wang Guangya[75]
August 2007   Republic of the Congo Pascal Gayama[76]
September 2007   France Jean-Maurice Ripert[77] and Bernard Kouchner[78]
October 2007   Ghana Leslie K. Christian[79]
November 2007   Indonesia Marty Natalegawa[80]
December 2007   Italy Marcello Spatafora[81]
January 2008   Libya Giadalla Ettalhi[82]
February 2008   Panama Ricardo Alberto Arias[83]
March 2008   Russia Vitaly Churkin[84]
April 2008   South Africa Dumisani Kumalo[85]
May 2008   United Kingdom Karen Pierce[86]
June 2008   United States Zalmay Khalilzad[87] and Alejandro Daniel Wolff[88]
July 2008   Vietnam Lê Lương Minh[89]
August 2008   Belgium Jan Grauls[90]
September 2008   Burkina Faso Michel Kafando,[91] Blaise Compaoré[citation needed] and Alain Bédouma Yoda[92]
October 2008   People's Republic of China Zhang Yesui[93] and Liu Zhenmin[94]
November 2008   Costa Rica Jorge Urbina,[95] Óscar Arias Sánchez, Saúl Weisleder,[96] and Jorge Ballestero[97]
December 2008   Croatia Neven Jurica,[98] Stjepan Mesić,[99] and Ivo Sanader[100]
January 2009   France Jean-Maurice Ripert,[101] Bernard Kouchner,[102] and Jean-Pierre Lacroix[103]
February 2009   Japan Yukio Takasu[104]
March 2009   Libya Ibrahim Dabbashi[105] and Abdurrahman Mohamed Shalgham[106]
April 2009   Mexico Claude Heller[107] and Patricia Espinosa[108]
May 2009   Russia Vitaly Churkin[109] and Sergey Lavrov[110]
June 2009   Turkey Baki İlkin[111] and Ahmet Davutoğlu[112]
July 2009   Uganda Ruhakana Rugunda[113] and Sam Kutesa[114]
August 2009   United Kingdom John Sawers[115]
September 2009   United States Susan Rice,[116] Barack Obama,[117] Rosemary DiCarlo,[118] and Hillary Clinton[119]
October 2009   Vietnam Lê Lương Minh[120]
November 2009   Austria Thomas Mayr-Harting[121]
December 2009   Burkina Faso Michel Kafando[122]

2010–2014

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Dates State Name
January 2010   People's Republic of China Zhang Yesui[123]
February 2010   France Gérard Araud[124]
March 2010   Gabon Emmanuel Issoze-Ngondet[125]
April 2010   Japan Yukio Takasu[126]
May 2010   Lebanon Nawaf Salam[127]
June 2010   Mexico Claude Heller[128]
July 2010   Nigeria Joy Ogwu[129]
August 2010   Russia Vitaly Churkin[130]
September 2010   Turkey Ertuğrul Apakan,[131] Abdullah Gül,[132] and Ahmet Davutoğlu[133]
October 2010   Uganda Ruhakana Rugunda[134]
November 2010   United Kingdom Mark Lyall Grant[135]
December 2010   United States Susan Rice[136] and Brooke D. Anderson[137]
January 2011   Bosnia and Herzegovina Ivan Barbalić[138]
February 2011   Brazil Maria Luiza Ribeiro Viotti[139]
March 2011   People's Republic of China Li Baodong[140]
April 2011   Colombia Juan Manuel Santos[141] and Néstor Osorio Londoño[142]
May 2011   France Gérard Araud[143]
June 2011   Gabon Ali Bongo Ondimba,[144] Alfred Moungara Moussotsi,[145] and Emmanuel Issoze-Ngondet[citation needed]
July 2011   Germany Peter Wittig[146] and Guido Westerwelle[147]
August 2011   India Hardeep Singh Puri[148]
September 2011   Lebanon Nawaf Salam,[149] Michel Suleiman,[150] and Najib Mikati[citation needed]
October 2011   Nigeria Joy Ogwu[151]
November 2011   Portugal José Filipe Moraes Cabral[152]
December 2011   Russia Vitaly Churkin[153]
January 2012   South Africa Baso Sangqu[154]
February 2012   Togo Kodjo Menan[155]
March 2012   United Kingdom Mark Lyall Grant[156]
April 2012   United States Susan Rice[157]
May 2012   Azerbaijan Agshin Mehdiyev[158] and Ilham Aliyev[159]
June 2012   People's Republic of China Li Baodong[160] and Wang Min[161]
July 2012   Colombia Néstor Osorio Londoño[162]
August 2012   France Gérard Araud[163]
September 2012   Germany Peter Wittig[164]
October 2012   Guatemala Gert Rosenthal[165] and Harold Caballeros[166]
November 2012   India Hardeep Singh Puri[167]
December 2012   Morocco Mohammed Loulichki[168] and Saad-Eddine El Othmani[169]
January 2013   Pakistan Masood Khan[170] and Hina Rabbani Khar[171]
February 2013   Republic of Korea Kim Sook[172] and Kim Sung-hwan[173]
March 2013   Russia Vitaly Churkin[174]
April 2013   Rwanda Eugène-Richard Gasana[175] and Louise Mushikiwabo[176]
May 2013   Togo Kodjo Menan[177]
June 2013   United Kingdom Mark Lyall Grant[178]
July 2013   United States Rosemary DiCarlo[179]
August 2013   Argentina María Perceval[180] and Agustín Rossi[181]
September 2013   Australia Gary Quinlan[182] and Julie Bishop[183]
October 2013   Azerbaijan Agshin Mehdiyev[184] and Elmar Mammadyarov[185]
November 2013   People's Republic of China Liu Jieyi[186]
December 2013   France Gérard Araud[187] and Alexis Lamek[188]
January 2014   Jordan Zeid Ra'ad Zeid Al-Hussein[189]
February 2014   Lithuania Raimonda Murmokaitė[190] and Linas Antanas Linkevičius[191]
March 2014   Luxembourg Sylvie Lucas[192]
April 2014   Nigeria Joy Ogwu[193]
May 2014   South Korea Oh Joon[194]
June 2014   Russian Federation Vitaly Churkin[195]
July 2014   Rwanda Eugène-Richard Gasana[196]
August 2014   United Kingdom Mark Lyall Grant[197]
September 2014   United States Samantha Power[198]
October 2014   Argentina María Cristina Perceval[199]
November 2014   Australia Gary Quinlan[200]
December 2014   Chad Mahamat Zene Cherif[201]

2015–2019

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Dates State Name
January 2015   Chile Cristian Barros[202]
February 2015   China Liu Jieyi[203]
March 2015   France François Delattre[204]
April 2015   Jordan Dina Kawar[205]
May 2015   Lithuania Raimonda Murmokaitė[206]
June 2015   Malaysia Ramlan Bin Ibrahim[207]
July 2015   New Zealand Gerard van Bohemen[208]
August 2015   Nigeria Joy Ogwu[209]
September 2015   Russian Federation Vitaly Churkin[210]
October 2015   Spain Román Oyarzun Marchesi[211]
November 2015   United Kingdom Matthew Rycroft[212]
December 2015   United States Samantha Power[213]
January 2016   Uruguay Elbio Rosselli[214]
February 2016   Venezuela Rafael Ramírez Carreño[215]
March 2016   Angola Gaspar Martins[216]
April 2016   China Liu Jieyi[217]
May 2016   Egypt Amr Abdellatif Aboulatta[218]
June 2016   France François Delattre[219]
July 2016   Japan Koro Bessho[220]
August 2016   Malaysia Ramlan Bin Ibrahim[221] and Ahmad Zahid Hamidi[222]
September 2016   New Zealand Gerard van Bohemen[223] and John Key[224]
October 2016   Russian Federation Vitaly Churkin[225]
November 2016   Senegal Fodé Seck[226]
December 2016   Spain Román Oyarzun Marchesi[227]
January 2017   Sweden Olof Skoog[228]
February 2017   Ukraine Volodymyr Yelchenko[229]
March 2017   United Kingdom Matthew Rycroft[230][non-primary source needed]
April 2017   United States Nikki Haley
May 2017   Uruguay Elbio Rosselli
June 2017   Bolivia Sacha Llorenty[231]
July 2017   China Liu Jieyi
August 2017   Egypt Amr Abdellatif Aboulatta[232]
September 2017   Ethiopia Tekeda Alemu[233]
October 2017   France François Delattre[234]
November 2017   Italy Sebastiano Cardi[235]
December 2017   Japan Koro Bessho[236]
January 2018   Kazakhstan Kairat Umarov[237]
February 2018   Kuwait Mansour Ayyad Al-Otaibi[238]
March 2018   Netherlands Karel van Oosterom,[239] Sigrid Kaag, Stef Blok and Mark Rutte
April 2018   Peru Gustavo Meza-Cuadra[240]
May 2018   Poland Joanna Wronecka, Andrzej Duda and Jacek Czaputowicz[241]
June 2018   Russian Federation Vasily Nebenzya[242]
July 2018   Sweden Olof Skoog[243]
August 2018   United Kingdom Karen Pierce[244]
September 2018   United States Nikki Haley,[245] Donald Trump, Mike Pompeo
October 2018   Bolivia Sacha Llorenty[246]
November 2018   China Ma Zhaoxu[246]
December 2018   Côte D'Ivoire Kacou Houadja Léon Adom,[247] Alassane Ouattara[248]
January 2019   Dominican Republic José Singer W.,[249] Danilo Medina[249]
February 2019   Equatorial Guinea Anatolio Ndong Mba,[250] Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo[251]
March 2019   France François Delattre[252]
April 2019   Germany Christoph Heusgen[253]
May 2019   Indonesia Dian Triansyah Djani,[254] Retno Marsudi[255]
June 2019   Kuwait Mansour Al-Otaibi, Sabah Al-Khalid Al-Sabah[256]
July 2019   Peru Gustavo Meza-Cuadra, Néstor Bardales[257]
August 2019   Poland Joanna Wronecka
September 2019   Russian Federation Vasily Nebenzya[258]
October 2019   South Africa Jerry Matthews Matjila
November 2019   United Kingdom Karen Pierce
December 2019   United States Kelly Craft[259]

2020–2024

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Dates State Name
January 2020   Vietnam Đặng Đình Quý[260] and Phạm Bình Minh[261]
February 2020   Belgium Marc Pecsteen de Buytswerve[262]
March 2020   China Zhang Jun[263]
April 2020   Dominican Republic José Singer Weisinger[264]
May 2020   Estonia Sven Jürgenson[265]
June 2020   France Nicolas de Rivière[266]
July 2020   Germany Christoph Heusgen[267]
August 2020   Indonesia Dian Triansyah Djani[268]
September 2020   Niger Abdou Abarry[269]
October 2020   Russian Federation Vasily Nebenzya[270]
November 2020   Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Inga Rhonda King[271]
December 2020   South Africa Jerry Matthews Matjila[272]
January 2021   Tunisia Tarek Ladeb[273]
February 2021   United Kingdom Barbara Woodward[274]
March 2021   United States Linda Thomas-Greenfield[275]
April 2021   Vietnam Đặng Đình Quý, Nguyễn Xuân Phúc and Bùi Thanh Sơn[276]
May 2021   China Zhang Jun
June 2021   Estonia Sven Jürgenson
July 2021   France Nicolas de Rivière and Jean-Yves Le Drian
August 2021   India T. S. Tirumurti and S. Jaishankar
September 2021   Ireland Geraldine Byrne Nason, Micheál Martin and Simon Coveney
October 2021   Kenya Martin Kimani and Raychelle Omamo
November 2021   Mexico Juan Ramón de la Fuente Ramírez, Marcelo Ebrard and Andrés Manuel López Obrador
December 2021   Niger Abdou Abarry
January 2022   Norway Mona Juul and Anniken Huitfeldt
February 2022   Russian Federation Vasily Nebenzya
March 2022   United Arab Emirates Lana Zaki Nusseibeh
April 2022   United Kingdom Barbara Woodward
May 2022   United States Linda Thomas-Greenfield
June 2022   Albania Ferit Hoxha, Olta Xhaçka and Edi Rama
July 2022   Brazil Ronaldo Costa Filho
August 2022   China Zhang Jun
September 2022   France Nicolas de Rivière and Catherine Colonna
October 2022   Gabon Michel Xavier Biang and Michael Moussa-Adamo
November 2022   Ghana Harold Adlai Agyeman
December 2022   India Ruchira Kamboj
January 2023   Japan Ishikane Kimihiro
February 2023   Malta Vanessa Frazier
March 2023   Mozambique Pedro Comissário Afonso
April 2023   Russian Federation Vasily Nebenzya
May 2023   Switzerland Pascale Baeriswyl
June 2023   United Arab Emirates Lana Zaki Nusseibeh
July 2023   United Kingdom Barbara Woodward
August 2023   United States Linda Thomas-Greenfield
September 2023   Albania Ferit Hoxha, Edi Rama
October 2023   Brazil Sérgio França Danese
November 2023   China Zhang Jun
December 2023   Ecuador José de la Gasca[277]
January 2024   France Nicolas de Rivière[278]
February 2024   Guyana Carolyn Rodrigues-Birkett[279]
March 2024   Japan Yamazaki Kazuyuki[280]
April 2024   Malta Vanessa Frazier[281]
May 2024   Mozambique Pedro Comissário Afonso[282]
June 2024   South Korea Hwang Joon-kook[283]
July 2024   Russian Federation Vasily Nebenzya[284]
August 2024   Sierra Leone Michael Imran Kanu[285]
September 2024   Slovenia Samuel Žbogar[286]
October 2024   Switzerland Pascale Baeriswyl[287]
November 2024   United Kingdom Barbara Woodward
December 2024   United States Linda Thomas-Greenfield

2025–2029

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Dates State Name
January 2025   Algeria Mohamed Ennadir Larbaoul
February 2025   China Fu Cong
March 2025   Denmark Christina Markus Lassen
April 2025   France Nicolas de Rivière
May 2025   Greece Evangelos C. Sekeris
June 2025   Guyana Carolyn Rodrigues-Birkett
July 2025   Pakistan
August 2025   Panama
September 2025   South Korea
October 2025   Russian Federation
November 2025   Sierra Leone
December 2025   Slovenia
January 2026   Somalia
February 2026   United Kingdom
March 2026   United States

Unusual circumstances

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In 1961, the United Arab Republic (then a union of Egypt and Syria) was elected to the Security Council. Syria seceded from the union while it was still on the Security Council, but Egypt's official UN name remained the United Arab Republic and it was unaffected.

In August 1984, Upper Volta changed its name to Burkina Faso while president of the Security Council. The rest of its term was unaffected and rotated normally to Zimbabwe in September 1984. Afterward, Burkina Faso was first in English alphabetical order and it became president of the Security Council for a second time that year in October 1984.

In March 1990, South Yemen (officially the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen under D) served as president of the Security Council. Yemeni unification with North Yemen took place in May 1990, with both Yemens being treated as successor states under the name Yemen. After the term of the United States rotated out in November 1990, Yemen served as president of the Security Council for a second time that year in December 1990.

In December 1991, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics officially changed its name to the Russian Federation while president of the Security Council. By coincidence, the alphabetical order was unaffected, the surrounding members being Romania and the United Kingdom.

Rwanda was elected to the Security Council in 1994 and was due to serve its term as president in September 1994; however, its government was overthrown in July 1994 and the replacement government did not appoint a United Nations representative in August 1994. As a result, its term was temporarily skipped and Spain (which was due to serve in October) served in September instead. Rwanda would serve its term at the end of that alphabetical rotation.[288]

See also

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Notes

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References

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  2. ^ Pogany 1982, p. 231.
  3. ^ Provisional Rules of Procedure of the United Nations Security Council, Chapter I, Rules 1 and 2 Archived 30 June 2017 at the Wayback Machine
  4. ^ Provisional Rules of Procedure of the United Nations Security Council, Chapter II, Rule 7 Archived 30 June 2017 at the Wayback Machine
  5. ^ Provisional Rules of Procedure of the United Nations Security Council, Chapter IV, Rule 19 Archived 30 June 2017 at the Wayback Machine
  6. ^ Sievers & Daws 2015, p. 120.
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  10. ^ Sievers & Daws 2015, pp. 119, 124.
  11. ^ a b c Pogany 1982, p. 233.
  12. ^ a b c Pogany 1982, p. 232.
  13. ^ Sievers & Daws 2015, pp. 111.
  14. ^ a b Pogany 1982, p. 234.
  15. ^ Sievers & Daws 2015, p. 119.
  16. ^ a b c d Sievers & Daws 2015, p. 112.
  17. ^ a b Sievers & Daws 2015, p. 114.
  18. ^ Nicol 1981, p. 11.
  19. ^ Nicol 1981, pp. 32, 34.
  20. ^ a b c d e f g h Presidents of the Security Council : 2000–, United Nations. Archived 1 May 2009 at the Wayback Machine
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  23. ^ Provisional Rules of Procedure of the United Nations Security Council, Chapter III, rule 13 Archived 30 June 2017 at the Wayback Machine
  24. ^ Nicol 1981, p. 6.
  25. ^ United Nations Charter, ch. V Archived 1 October 2013 at the Wayback Machine, s. 30.
  26. ^ a b Nicol 1981, pp. 6–7.
  27. ^ Provisional Rules of Procedure of the United Nations Security Council, Chapter IV, rule 18 Archived 30 June 2017 at the Wayback Machine
  28. ^ a b Sievers & Daws 2015, p. 113.
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  32. ^ a b Sievers & Daws 2015, p. 121-122.
  33. ^ Bailey 1981, p. 39.
  34. ^ Sievers & Daws 2015, p. 115-116.
  35. ^ Nicol 1981, p. 13.
  36. ^ Sievers & Daws 2015, p. 124-125.
  37. ^ Nicol 1981, p. 7.
  38. ^ Nicol 1981, p. 28.
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