Wikipedia

National dish

(Redirected from National food)

A national dish is a culinary dish that is strongly associated with a particular country.[1] A dish can be considered a national dish for a variety of reasons:

A type of pizza (pizza margherita). Pizza is considered one of the national dishes of Italy and its variants are among the most popular foods in the world

National dishes are part of a nation's identity and self-image.[2] During the age of European empire-building, nations would develop a national cuisine to distinguish themselves from their rivals.[3]

Some countries such as Mexico, China or India, because of their diverse ethnic populations, cultures, and cuisines, do not have a single national dish, even unofficially.[2] Furthermore, because national dishes are so interwoven into a nation's sense of identity, strong emotions and conflicts can arise when trying to choose a country's national dish.

By country

edit

This is not a definitive list of national dishes, but rather a list of some foods that have been suggested to be national dishes.

A

edit
 
Machh-Bhat (Rice and fish), national dish of Bangladesh
 
Argentine empanadas
 
Wiener schnitzel

B

edit
 
Belgian frites with mayonnaise

C

edit
 
Fish amok, a national dish of Cambodia
 
Peking duck, China

D

edit
 
Danish smørrebrød

E

edit

F

edit
 
Finnish Karjalanpaisti (Karelian hot pot)
 
Pot-au-feu, national dish of France

G

edit

H

edit
 
Goulash

I

edit
 
A dish of pasta (carbonara). Pasta is considered one of the national dishes of Italy

J

edit
 
Sushi, Japan

K

edit
 
Korean kimchi

L

edit
 
Tabbouleh, Lebanon

M

edit
 
Nasi lemak, a national dish of Malaysia.

N

edit
 
Dhido, Nepal

O

edit

P

edit
 
Philippine adobo, a national dish of the Philippines

Q

edit

R

edit

S

edit
 
Swedish crayfish called Kräftskiva

T

edit
 
Tom yum kung, national dish of Thailand

U

edit
 
A Sunday roast—in this example, mashed potatoes, vegetables is a national dish of the UK - the addition of mini Yorkshire puddings here mark this variation as specifically English.

V

edit
 
arepa, national dish of Venezuela

Y

edit

Z

edit

Latin American dishes

edit

In Latin America, dishes may be claimed or designated as a plato nacional,[350] although in many cases, recipes transcend national borders with only minor variations.[citation needed] Preparations of ceviche are endemic in Peru and Ecuador, while a thin cut of beef known as matambre is considered close to being a national dish in Paraguay.[351] Stews of meat, plantains, and root vegetables are the platos nacionales of several countries in Central America, South America, and the Caribbean: Colombian ajiaco, as well as the sancocho of the Dominican Republic, Colombia, and Panama, are examples of platos nacionales. Janer (2008) observes that this sharing of the same plato nacional by different countries calls into question the idea that every country has a unique national dish that is special to that country; she states that cuisine does not respect national and geopolitical borders.[2]

The identification of Latin American national dishes is stronger among expatriate communities in North America.[2] In Latin American countries, the plato nacional[352] is usually part of the cuisine of rural and peasant communities, and not necessarily part of the everyday cuisine of city dwellers. In expatriate communities, the dish is strongly reclaimed in order to retain the sense of national identity and ties to one's homeland, and is proudly served in homes and restaurants. By this show of national identity, the community can resist social pressures that push for homogenization of many ethnically and culturally diverse communities into a single all-encompassing group identity, such as Latino or Hispanic American.[2]

edit

Drink

edit

National drinks

edit
Main article: List of national drinks

A national drink is a distinct beverage that is strongly associated with a particular country, and can be part of their national identity and self-image. National drinks fall into two categories, alcoholic and non-alcoholic. An alcoholic national drink is sometimes a national liquor drank straight/neat (as in the case of whiskey in Ireland), but is most often a mixed drink (e.g., caipirinhas in Brazil and pisco sours in Peru and Chile), or beer or wine. Examples of non-alcoholic national drinks include tea for China, Coca-Cola for the US, lassis for India, mate for Uruguay, and kompot for East European nations.

See also

edit

References

edit
  1. ^ a b c d "Top Ten National Dishes". National Geographic Magazine (Travel section). 13 September 2011. Archived from the original on October 14, 2016. Retrieved 6 March 2013.
  2. ^ a b c d e Zilkia Janer (2008). Latino food culture. Food cultures in America. ABC-CLIO. pp. 71–73. ISBN 978-0-313-34027-7.
  3. ^ Howes, David; Lalonde, Marc (June 1991). "The history of sensibilities: Of the standard of taste in mid-eighteenth century England and the circulation of smells in post-revolutionary France". Dialectical Anthropology. 16 (2): 125–135. doi:10.1007/BF00250241. ISSN 0304-4092. S2CID 143715189.
  4. ^ Lee, Shoshanna (3 November 2009). "Kabuli Pulao With Raisins And Carrots". Archived from the original on 3 September 2010. Retrieved 15 August 2011.
  5. ^ Stein, Rick. "Albanian baked lamb with rice (Tavë kosi)". BBC. Retrieved 24 June 2020.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v Knight, Ciara (9 November 2017). "The national dish of every country at the World Cup, ranked from worst to best". JOE.co.uk. Retrieved 20 August 2020.
  7. ^ Fox, Esme (23 August 2017). "The 10 Most Traditional Dishes From Andorra". Culture Trip. Retrieved 21 August 2010.
  8. ^ Hamilton, Cherie (2001) Cuisines of Portuguese Encounters New York: Hippocrene Books. p. 219
  9. ^ "El asado". 28 April 2010. Archived from the original on 3 December 2013. Retrieved 25 February 2012.
  10. ^ Genova, Facundo Di (5 October 2018). "El mapa definitivo de las empanadas argentinas con sus 14 versiones". La Nación (in Spanish). Retrieved 3 August 2020.
  11. ^ Goyan Kittler, Pamela; Sucher, Kathryn P.; Nelms, Marcia (2016). Food and Culture. Cengage Learning. p. 307. ISBN 978-1-305-88687-2. Retrieved 23 August 2020.
  12. ^ Hibberd, Amy (19 January 2006). "World traveler offers tips for making Argentinian specialty". Herald Tribune. Retrieved 9 October 2022.
  13. ^ "How Different Countries Use Beef". Alani Trading. 21 April 2020. Retrieved 23 August 2020.
  14. ^ "Gastronomia". Argentina (in Spanish). 6 June 2008. Archived from the original on 27 July 2008. Retrieved 25 February 2012.
  15. ^ a b Gaedtke, Felix; Parameswaran, Gayatri (8 May 2013). "Food feuds continue to simmer in the Caucasus". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 20 August 2020.
  16. ^ "Aruba and Curacao's National Dish: Keshi Yena Recipe". caribbeanemagazine. 2023-04-25. Retrieved 2024-10-15.
  17. ^ "Roast Lamb crowned 'Australia's National Dish'". Sunshine Coast Daily. 6 March 2013. Archived from the original on 6 October 2013. Retrieved 6 October 2013.
  18. ^ "The question that won't die: is the meat pie Australia's national dish?". The Guardian. 1 January 2015. Retrieved 21 August 2020.
  19. ^ Lindsay, Emma. "Our greatest Aussie recipes". Weight Watcher, Australia and New Zealand. Archived from the original on 27 January 2010. Retrieved 5 June 2011.
  20. ^ Harland, Robert (4 October 2016). "Aussie meat pies". SunStar. Retrieved 24 June 2020.
  21. ^ a b Symons, Michael (15 April 2010). "The confection of a nation the social invention and social construction of the Pavlova". Social Semiotics. 20 (2): 197. doi:10.1080/10350330903566004. S2CID 144496353. Retrieved 25 November 2019.
  22. ^ Marks, Kathy (14 June 2009). "Cautious change to Australia's 'national dish'". Independent.co.uk. Archived from the original on 18 June 2022. Retrieved 23 September 2018.
  23. ^ a b c d "Top 10 National Dishes". National Geographic. 13 September 2011. Archived from the original on October 14, 2016. Retrieved 20 August 2020.
  24. ^ "National Dishes & Local Favorites from the Islands of the Caribbean". Caribbeanamericanfoods.com. Archived from the original on 22 June 2010. Retrieved 4 July 2010.
  25. ^ Killebrew, Kimberly (25 March 2013). "Chicken Machboos (Bahraini Chicken & Rice)". The Daring Gourmet. Retrieved 17 September 2020.
  26. ^ Bahrain's National Dish Archived 10 June 2011 at the Wayback Machine
  27. ^ Banerji, Chitrita (3 July 2007). "A Bengali bounty". Salon.com. Archived from the original on 3 December 2010. Retrieved 20 August 2020.
  28. ^ Camilla (3 July 2014). "The national dish of Belarus is Draniki - See recipe". Ingmar - Recipes with your ingredients. Retrieved 19 July 2021.
  29. ^ "Belgium's national dish, fried potato sticks, are spared effects of national coronavirus lockdown". Gulf Today. 15 March 2020. Retrieved 20 August 2020.
  30. ^ Masters, Tom (1 October 2009). Europe on a Shoestring. Lonely planet. ISBN 978-1-74104-855-1. Retrieved 15 July 2010.
  31. ^ Schehr, Lawrence R.; Weiss, Allen S. (2001). French Food: On the Table On the Page and in French Culture. Abingdon: Routledge. p. 158. ISBN 0-415-93628-4.
  32. ^ a b Scholliers, Peter (1 May 2010). "Upgrading the Local: Belgian Cuisine in Global Waves". Gastronomica: The Journal of Food and Culture. 10 (2): 51–52. doi:10.1525/gfc.2010.10.2.49. PMID 21539048. Retrieved 25 August 2010.
  33. ^ "Belgian Chocolate Mousse". Belgium Tourist Office. Retrieved 25 August 2020.
  34. ^ Keliher, Irene (2023-09-06). "Belgian Waffles: Unlocking Belgium's Famous Dish". Beyond Borders. Retrieved 2024-08-01.
  35. ^ Gonzalez, Lorenzo (2022-08-07). "What to eat in Belize: Top Belizean foods to try!". Belize Adventure. Retrieved 2023-12-24.
  36. ^ "Food". Tourism Council of Bhutan. Archived from the original on 17 November 2018.
  37. ^ a b c Groundwater, Ben (24 September 2014). "The world's 12 best national dishes". The Herald. Archived from the original on 3 October 2014. Retrieved 17 September 2020.
  38. ^ Ackerson, Eric (14 February 2010). "Bosanksi Lonac – Bosnia & Herzegovina National Dish". Archived from the original on 18 November 2010. Retrieved 18 September 2010.
  39. ^ Bedford, Sam (14 August 2018). "The 21 Best Dishes to Eat in Bosnia and Herzegovina". Culture Trip. Retrieved 8 September 2020.
  40. ^ Gamulin, Tamara (24 March 2018). "Ćevapi – the dish driving people crazy for decades". Croatia Week. Retrieved 8 September 2020.
  41. ^ Parker Bowles, Tom (2012). The World's Best Street Food. Lonely Planet. p. 224. ISBN 978-1-74220-593-9.
  42. ^ Ettenberg, Jodi (27 February 2017). "How to make Seswaa, Botswana's official national dist". G Adventures. Retrieved 20 August 2020.
  43. ^ Rodrigo, Elias. "Feijoada: a short history of an edible institution" (PDF). Flavor From Brazil. Texts From Brazil. No. 13. pp. 35–41. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 July 2019. Retrieved 5 July 2019.
  44. ^ Ali, Bahrum (21 February 2009). "Fostering family ties with ambuyat feasts". The Brunei Times. Archived from the original on 4 April 2014. Retrieved 5 April 2014.
  45. ^ Tiah, Jessica (8 January 2011). "Ambuyat - Our iconic heritage". The Brunei Times. Archived from the original on 4 April 2014. Retrieved 5 April 2014.
  46. ^ "Bulgarian Cuisine". youngpioneertours.com. 24 August 2020. Retrieved 15 December 2021.
  47. ^ "Banitsa | Traditional Pastry from Bulgaria". tasteatlas.com. Retrieved 11 April 2023.
  48. ^ Roman, Claudio (13 November 2018). "Boko Boko". Retrieved 10 March 2022.
  49. ^ Gillan, Audrey (7 September 2017). "Cambodia: the art of amok". National Geographic. Retrieved 4 October 2019.
  50. ^ Dunston, Lara (23 May 2017). "Cambodian Fish Amok Recipe – an Authentic Steamed Fish Curry in the Old Style". Grantourismo Travels. Retrieved 4 October 2019.
  51. ^ Dunston, Lara (7 February 2020). "Nom Banh Chok Fermented Rice Noodles Are Cambodia in a Bowl". Grantourismo Travels. Retrieved 7 January 2021.
  52. ^ "Khmer Foods". Tourism of Cambodia. Retrieved 8 August 2014.
  53. ^ Dunston, Lara (26 June 2020). "Samlor Korko Recipe - How to Make Cambodian Stirring Pot Soup". Grantourismo Travels. Retrieved 7 January 2021.
  54. ^ Brady, Emily (5 November 2008). "The Years of Living Nervously". New York Times. Retrieved 7 December 2008.
  55. ^ Trillin, Calvin (23 November 2009). "Canadian Journal, "Funny Food,"". The New Yorker. pp. 68–70.
  56. ^ Wong, Grace (2 October 2010). "Canada's national dish: 740 calories -- and worth every bite?". CNN. Archived from the original on 30 January 2011.
  57. ^ Sufrin, Jon (22 April 2010). "Is poutine Canada's national food? Two arguments for, two against". Toronto Life. Archived from the original on 22 March 2011.
  58. ^ "Kraft Dinner Is Canada's True National Dish | The Walrus". 2012-09-12. Retrieved 2024-08-18.
  59. ^ "Kraft dinner | Traditional Pasta From Canada | TasteAtlas". www.tasteatlas.com. Retrieved 2024-08-18.
  60. ^ Baird, Elizabeth (30 June 2009). "Does Canada Have a National Dish?". Canadian Living.
  61. ^ DeMontis, Rita (21 June 2010). "Canadians butter up to this tart". Toronto Sun. Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 31 March 2011.
  62. ^ Fabricant, Florence (14 April 2009). "For Chileans, Passion Translates to Empanadas". New York Times. Retrieved 12 March 2014.
  63. ^ The South American Table by Maria Baez Kijac (ISBN 978-1-55832-249-3), page 208
  64. ^ Smith, Eileen (7 July 2016). "In Chile, 'Marraqueta' Is The Daily Bread". NPR. Archived from the original on 26 October 2020. Retrieved 10 January 2023.
  65. ^ "Panes del Mundo. Tradicional Marraqueta". Venezuela: Magazine del Pan. 2005. Archived from the original on 10 February 2012. Retrieved 22 February 2008.
  66. ^ Bai, Mary (27 September 2011). "Peking Roast Duck, China's National Food". CITS Group Corporation. Archived from the original on 12 March 2014.
  67. ^ Yao, Elaine (30 June 2018). "How American crayfish invaded Chinese hearts and stomachs, and how to cook and eat them safely". South China Morning Post. Retrieved 21 August 2020.
  68. ^ Yi, Lia (21 August 2019). "How Louisiana crayfish became China's national dish". Gold Thread. Retrieved 21 August 2020.
  69. ^ Roberts, Genevieve (19 April 2005). "Hong Kong warns citizens off 'unhealthy' dim sum". The Independent. Archived from the original on 18 June 2022. Retrieved 20 August 2020.
  70. ^ Clay, Xanthe (15 February 2020). "Slow cooker Colombian potato and chicken soup recipe". The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 12 January 2022. Retrieved 20 August 2020.
  71. ^ "POBREZA, DESARROLLO Y SALUD|1999-12-01". Retrieved 2 February 2011.
  72. ^ "Grilled Lobsters With Vanilla Cream Sauce (Langouste à la Vanille)". SAVEUR. 18 March 2019. Retrieved 14 July 2020.
  73. ^ a b "192-Part Guide To The World: Democratic Republic of Congo". The Independent. 19 March 2000. Retrieved 17 April 2015.
  74. ^ "Lista zaštićenih nematerijalnih kulturnih dobara" (in Croatian). Croatian Ministry of Culture. Retrieved 20 September 2014.
  75. ^ "10 Best Croatian Food That You Must Try Today! - ling-app.com". ling-app.com. 2024-01-10. Retrieved 2024-08-10.
  76. ^ Gershman, Liza (30 May 2018). "A recipe for Cuba's national dish, ropa vieja, or rags, from the new book "Cuban Flavor"". Salon.com. Retrieved 23 August 2020.
  77. ^ Scott, Leah (20 December 2019). "A History Of Ropa Vieja, One Of Cuba's Most Famous (And Forbidden) National Dishes". Mitu. Archived from the original on 15 April 2021. Retrieved 23 August 2020.
  78. ^ "Multicultural community profiles:Greek Cypriot". Northern Territory Government. 18 February 2016. Retrieved 23 August 2020.
  79. ^ Fakahany, Tamer (3 April 2013). "AP Essay: My Cyprus, changed forever". Associated Press. Retrieved 23 August 2020.
  80. ^ "The Island of Good Taste". Edelweiss. Archived from the original on 21 May 2021. Retrieved 23 August 2020.
  81. ^ William Woys Weaver (Winter 2002). "The Origins of Trachanás: Evidence from Cyprus and Ancient Texts". Gastronomica. 2 (1): 41–48. doi:10.1525/gfc.2002.2.1.41.
  82. ^ Vokurková, Iva (15 March 2009). "Czech eating habits take a turn for the better". Radio Prague. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
  83. ^ Tichý, Brianna (22 October 2018). "The ultimate Czech food guide". Urban Adventures. Archived from the original on 12 August 2020. Retrieved 23 August 2020.
  84. ^ "Official results page of the Danish national dish competition". The Danish ministry of food. 20 November 2014. Archived from the original on 18 October 2014. Retrieved 21 November 2014.
  85. ^ a b "Denmark selects its first national dish". The Local. 20 November 2014. Retrieved 23 August 2020.
  86. ^ Balslev, Lynda (4 January 2011). "The Art Of The Danish Open-Face Sandwich". NPR. Retrieved 21 August 2020.
  87. ^ Seferou, Aliki (13 June 2017). "How a Farmer's Open Faced-Sandwich Became a National Danish Dish". Culture Trip. Retrieved 21 August 2020.
  88. ^ "Callaloo is Dominica's new national dish". Dominica News Online. 27 September 2013. Retrieved 10 July 2021.
  89. ^ León, Concepción de (2 January 2020). "36 Hours in Santo Domingo". The New York Times. Retrieved 27 August 2020.
  90. ^ Quintero, Carol (9 May 2012). "El Encebollado" (in Spanish). Montanita.com. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 3 October 2013.
  91. ^ "la guatita ecuatoriana". Ecuador Por Descubrir (in Spanish). 19 December 2008. Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 3 October 2013.
  92. ^ a b c d Hobbs, Jane-Anne (12 July 2017). "15 of Africa's favorite dishes". CNN Travel.
  93. ^ Haiek, Joseph R. (1977). Mideast Business Guide (1 ed.). Los Angeles: Los Angeles Mideast business exchange. pp. 290–292. ISBN 978-0-915652-02-0. Retrieved 17 February 2019.
  94. ^ Roden, Claudia (1970). A Book of Middle Eastern Food. Penguin. pp. 60–61.
  95. ^ "Declárase Día Nacional de las Pupusasecreto Día Nacional de las Pupusas — Asamblea Legislativa". www.asamblea.gob.sv (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 23 September 2021. Retrieved 29 May 2020.
  96. ^ "Secultura invita al Día Nacional de la Pupusa". www.cultura.gob.sv (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 23 June 2018. Retrieved 29 May 2020.
  97. ^ Orson, Lucy (2 July 2000). "192-Part Guide To The World: Eritrea". The Independent. London. Archived from the original on 18 June 2022. Retrieved 15 August 2011.
  98. ^ "Eesti Toit infoserver v2.0.3.0". Archived from the original on December 17, 2007.
  99. ^ Wat, Doro (18 May 2005). "Ethiopia's National Dish". The Washington Post. Retrieved 20 August 2020.
  100. ^ "Fiji Kokoda". 2 July 2015. Retrieved 15 December 2021.
  101. ^ "The people have spoken - rye bread is the national food". yle.fi. Yle. 19 January 2017. Retrieved 8 February 2017.
  102. ^ Apple Jr., R. W. (18 February 2004). "Four Nations Where Forks Do Knives' Work". The New York Times. Retrieved 6 July 2011.
  103. ^ a b "Food Journeys of a Lifetime: Top Ten Great National Dishes". Away.com. 20 October 2009. Archived from the original on 17 January 2013. Retrieved 3 October 2013.
  104. ^ a b c Butler, Alex (20 November 2017). "If you want to eat like the French, reach for some beef bourguignon". Lonely Planet. Retrieved 15 November 2020.[dead link]
  105. ^ Cloake, Felicity (24 August 2020). "The story behind the classic French dish boeuf bourguignon". Photographs by Ant Duncan. National Geographic. Retrieved 15 November 2020.
  106. ^ Druckerman, Pamela (22 January 2019). "It's crunch-time for the baguette". The Economist. Retrieved 26 August 2020.
  107. ^ "Les 20 plats les plus typiques de la gastronomie française".
  108. ^ "10 Top Cheeses of France | Paris Insiders Guide".
  109. ^ Husain, Amna (8 November 2012). "Sweet, savory concoctions whisk into city food scene". The South End. Retrieved 21 August 2020.
  110. ^ Potts, Olivia (25 July 2019). A Half Baked Idea. Penguin UK. ISBN 978-024-138-047-5. OCLC 0241380472. Retrieved 25 August 2020.
  111. ^ "Traditional recipe: Authentic poule au pot". Nouvelle-Aquitaine Regional Tourism Board. 21 November 2019. Retrieved 23 August 2020.
  112. ^ "Oiling the Wheels of the Economy." Gabon. Winter 2007. p. 19. Retrieved 10 March 2009 Archived 6 October 2011 at the Wayback Machine
  113. ^ Saine, Abdoulaye (2012). Culture and customs of Gambia. Greenwood. ISBN 978-0-313-35911-8. OCLC 881315512.
  114. ^ Jones, Amy (24 January 2019). "Khachapuri Granted Cultural Heritage Status". Georgia Today. Archived from the original on 21 January 2021.
  115. ^ Svensson, Therese (April–May 2010). "Tracking monetary policy one big mac – and one khachapuri – at a time". Investor.ge. American Chamber of Commerce. Archived from the original on 7 October 2011. Retrieved 29 April 2010.
  116. ^ "Khachapuri Index Project". International School of Economics at Tbilisi State University. Retrieved 29 April 2010.
  117. ^ "Georgian food: tastes of the Silk Road". Georgian Wine UK. 2024-07-31. Retrieved 2024-08-22.
  118. ^ "What's On The Menu?: Germany's Favorite Dishes". German Foods. Archived from the original on 7 July 2010. Retrieved 8 July 2010.
  119. ^ Kinzer, Stephen (26 June 1996). "For Germans, a Kebab Filled With Social Significance". The New York Times. Retrieved 20 August 2020.
  120. ^ Slackman, Michael (26 January 2011). "National Dish Comes Wrapped in Foreign Flavoring". The New York Times. Retrieved 20 August 2020.
  121. ^ Pierce, Eleanor B. (1968). Menu Translator: Pan Am's Guide to Food and Drink Specialties Abroad and at Home. p. 76.
  122. ^ Fodor's 89 Germany. 1989. p. 70.
  123. ^ Sinclair, Charles. Dictionary of Food: International Food and Cooking Terms from A to Z. A & C Black. p. 324.
  124. ^ Michelin Travel Publications (2002). Michelin NEOS Guide: Mainland Greece. Michelin. p. 88. ISBN 978-2-06-100063-2.
  125. ^ a b c d e f Kolasa-Sikiaridi, Kerry (29 June 2018). "What is the National Dish of Greece?". Greek Reporter. Retrieved 22 August 2020.
  126. ^ Λεξικό της κοινής Νεοελληνικής, 1998
  127. ^ "Oil down: National Dish of Grenada". Gov.gd. 5 March 2010. Retrieved 3 October 2013.
  128. ^ Nelson, Selene (19 April 2018). "The 10 Most Traditional Dishes From Guatemala". Culture Trip. theculturetrip.com.
  129. ^ "National Dishes & Local Favorites from the Islands of the Caribbean". Caribbeanamericanfoods.com. Archived from the original on 4 October 2013. Retrieved 3 October 2013.
  130. ^ "The National Dish of Iceland". Icelandic Food. 14 May 2020.
  131. ^ "What is Iceland's national dish?". Iceland Monitor.
  132. ^ a b Volkman, Claire (9 November 2017). "7 Dishes You Have to Eat in Iceland". Vogue. Retrieved 20 August 2020.
  133. ^ Morris, Kieran (21 November 2019). "Hákarl: How Fermented Shark Became Iceland's National Dish". Culture Trip.
  134. ^ "Nothing cooking: Khichdi not national dish, says minister after Twitter storm". Hindustan Times. 2017-11-02. Retrieved 2022-10-09.
  135. ^ IANS (2017-11-01). "Government to designate 'khichdi' as national dish". Business Standard India. Retrieved 2022-10-09.
  136. ^ "'Fictitious' Khichdi Cooked Up, Says Minister On National Dish Buzz". NDTV. PTI. 2 November 2017. Retrieved 2022-10-09.
  137. ^ "Khichdi not national food, clarifies Harsimrat Kaur Badal". The Hindu. 2 November 2017. Retrieved 22 February 2020.
  138. ^ a b c d e "Kemenpar Tetapkan 5 Makanan Nasional Indonesia, Ini Daftarnya". KOMPAS.com (in Indonesian). 10 April 2018. Retrieved 18 April 2020.
  139. ^ a b Schonhardt, Sara; Wood, Melanie (15 August 2011). "40 of Indonesia's best dishes". CNN Travel. Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 6 July 2014.
  140. ^ Natahadibrata, Nadya (10 February 2014). "Celebratory rice cone dish to represent the archipelago". The Jakarta Post. Retrieved 9 July 2014.
  141. ^ "A Soto Crawl". Eating Asia. 21 March 2009. Retrieved 5 July 2010.
  142. ^ Fayed, Saad (12 March 2021). "Chelo Kebab Recipe, Middle Eastern food". About.com. Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 7 July 2010.
  143. ^ "Delicious: Najmieh Batmanglij transforms Iran's national dish into a pizza". The Iranian. Archived from the original on 4 September 2021. Retrieved 7 July 2010.
  144. ^ Beeston, Richard (27 June 2007). "Imams put fatwa on carp caught in Tigris". The Times. London. Retrieved 11 July 2010.
  145. ^ McDonald, Brian (12 May 2008). "Top breakfast baguette rolls into Irish history". Irish Independent. Retrieved 3 February 2019.
  146. ^ Elaine Lemm (23 July 2021) The National Dishes of Britain and Ireland. The Spruce Eats. Access Date = 15 July 2010. Archived 31 January 2016 at the Wayback Machine
  147. ^ Lemm, Elaine (23 July 2021). "The National Dishes of Britain and Ireland". The Spruce Eats. Archived from the original on 31 January 2016.
  148. ^ Guttman, Veret (24 April 2012). "No Matter Where It Originated, Falafel Is Still Israel's National Food". Haaretz. Retrieved 20 August 2020.
  149. ^ Nathan, Joan, Falafel: About Israel's signature food Archived 24 October 2008 at the Wayback Machine in My Jewish Learning, Retrieved 14 February 2010
  150. ^ The Ethnic Food Lover's Companion by Eve Zibart (ISBN 978-0-89732-372-7), page 181
  151. ^ Israel Handbook: The Travel Guide by David Winter (ISBN 978-1-900949-48-4), page 52
  152. ^ From Tapas to Meze: Small Plates from the Mediterranean by Joanne Weir (ISBN 978-1-58008-586-1), page 187
  153. ^ Israel, Jill DuBois and Mair Rosh, Marshall Cavendish Pub., 2003 . p. 130
  154. ^ "Jerusalem Diaries II: What's Really Happening in Israel", Judy Lash Balint. Published by Xulon Press, 2007. p. 259
  155. ^ Brehaut, Laura (19 November 2019). "Cook this green shaksuka with chard kale spinach and feta from shuk". National Post. Retrieved 26 November 2020.
  156. ^ "Italy urged to go on pasta strike". BBC. 13 September 2007. Retrieved 8 July 2010.
  157. ^ Agence France-Presse (4 March 2020). "Coronavirus: French 'corona pizza' video outrages Italians, prompting apology". South China Morning Post. Retrieved 21 August 2020.
  158. ^ Ceccarini, Rossella (3 February 2011). Pizza and Pizza Chefs in Japan: A Case of Culinary Globalization. Brill. p. 34. ISBN 978-900-421-487-3.
  159. ^ Gibbons, Bob; Pritchard-Jones, Siân (2 May 2014). Africa Overland. Bradt Travel Guides. p. 199. ISBN 978-184-162-494-5. Retrieved 28 August 2020.
  160. ^ a b "Food Journeys of a Lifetime: Top Ten Great National Dishes". Away.com. 9 October 2010. Archived from the original on 21 January 2011. Retrieved 3 October 2013.
  161. ^ Ng, Karmun (30 May 2014). "10 things you need to know about sushi". Malaysia Tatler. Retrieved 28 August 2020.
  162. ^ 「カレーライス」に関するアンケート (in Japanese). ネットリサーチ ディムスドライブ. Retrieved 16 October 2008.
  163. ^ McCurry, Justin (18 June 2010). "Ramen: Japan's super slurpy noodles". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 5 June 2011.
  164. ^ Amoroso, Phoebe (14 November 2016). "Tempura temptations: How deep-fried seafood seduced Japan". NHK. Archived from the original on 21 May 2021. Retrieved 21 August 2020.
  165. ^ "Sweet treats from Japan". Bangkok Post. 10 February 2012. Retrieved 25 August 2020.
  166. ^ "Jordan National Dish, Mansaf: Waleg Kitchen". Waleg.com. Archived from the original on 26 July 2017. Retrieved 3 October 2013.
  167. ^ "Jordan: Jordanian Cuisine". Kinghussein.gov.jo. Retrieved 3 October 2013.
  168. ^ "National dish Besh-Barmak". Baibol Travel. 14 July 2017. Retrieved 23 August 2020.
  169. ^ a b c Kibwana, Kivutha (23 November 2019). "Why we should go back to eating traditional foods". Daily Nation. Retrieved 23 August 2020.
  170. ^ Achuka, Vincent (7 March 2017). "Chapati edges ugali out of table in Kenya as the rich salivate over poor man's diet". Eve. Standard Group PLC. Retrieved 23 August 2020.
  171. ^ Parkinson, Tom; Phillips, Matt; Gourlay, Will (2006). Kenya. Lonely Planet. ISBN 978-1-74059-743-2.
  172. ^ Yoon, Tae (25 September 2018). "A Chef's Quest to Bring North Korean Cold Noodles to America". Eater.com. Retrieved 20 August 2020.
  173. ^ Jeong, Sophie (2 November 2018). "North Korea's latest peace offering: Kimchi". CNN Travel. Retrieved 21 August 2020.
  174. ^ Williamson, Lucy (4 February 2014). "Kimchi: South Korea's efforts to boost its national dish". BBC News. Retrieved 20 May 2017.
    Ku, Robert Ji-Song (31 December 2013). Dubious Gastronomy: The Cultural Politics of Eating Asian in the USA. University of Hawaii Press. p. 6. ISBN 978-0-8248-3921-5.
  175. ^ Govender, Serusha (6 May 2014). "10 National Dishes Around the World". The Daily Meal. Retrieved 20 May 2017.
  176. ^ Jeffery, Nicole (20 May 2017). "Pyeongchang Winter Olympics: the next cool spot". The Australian. Retrieved 20 May 2017.
  177. ^ "Jajangmyun (Noodles With Black Bean Sauce)". Scott Meola. James Beard Foundation. Retrieved 21 August 2020.
  178. ^ Smith, K. Annabelle (13 February 2013). "Korea's Black Day: When Sad, Single People Get Together And Eat Black Food". Smithsonian Magazine. Retrieved 21 August 2020.
  179. ^ Le, Joel (11 July 2017). "Beat the heat with bingsu, South Korea's national dessert of shaved ice, milk, condensed milk and toppings". Straits Times. Retrieved 26 August 2020.
  180. ^ "Making Flia - A National Dish of Kosovo". An Oregon Cottage. 18 July 2013. Retrieved 20 November 2020.
  181. ^ "How beshbarmak is served in different regions of Kazakhstan". WEProject. 14 July 2017. Retrieved 23 August 2020.
  182. ^ Andrews, Mark (16 January 2020). "Is that Thai food, or Lao? 5 typical dishes from Laos that will help you see the difference". South China Morning Post. Retrieved 23 August 2020.
  183. ^ Ives, Mike (1 February 2011). "A Taste of Sticky Rice, Laos' National Dish". Smithsonianmag.com. Smithsonian Magazine. Retrieved 3 October 2013.
  184. ^ Schulz, Daniela; Drescher, Stephanie (24 May 2017). "Papaya salad with shrimp, Laos". Deutsche Welle. Retrieved 30 November 2020.
  185. ^ "Latvia's National Dessert – Rupjmaizes kārtojums". Eating the World. 17 November 2017. Retrieved 30 November 2020.
  186. ^ "Publication of an application pursuant to Article 8(2) of Council Regulation (EC) No 509/2006 on agricultural products and foodstuffs as traditional specialities guaranteed". Official Journal of the European Union. 15 November 2012. Retrieved 30 November 2020. The "Sklandrausis" can be considered a Latvian national dish
  187. ^ "Publication of an application pursuant to Article 50(2)(b) of Regulation (EU) No 1151/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council on quality schemes for agricultural products and foodstuffs". Official Journal of the European Union. 20 June 2015. Retrieved 30 November 2020. 'Jāņu siers' has become a national treasure.
  188. ^ "The national dish of Lebanon". Sourat.com. Archived from the original on 13 September 2012. Retrieved 3 October 2013.
  189. ^ Albala, K. (2011). Food Cultures of the World Encyclopedia. Greenwood. p. 3-PA226. ISBN 978-0-313-37626-9. Retrieved 5 November 2016.
  190. ^ McLachlan, G. (2008). Lithuania. Bradt Guides. Bradt Travel Guides. p. 61. ISBN 978-1-84162-228-6. Retrieved 5 November 2016.
  191. ^ "Lithuania welcomes tourists with "pink soup carpet"". TheMayor.EU. 30 June 2020. Retrieved 21 August 2020.
  192. ^ "Judd mat Gaardebounen" Archived 28 July 2018 at the Wayback Machine, Mycitycuisine.org. Retrieved 30 November 2011.
  193. ^ Boissard, Pierre (1997). Cuisine Malgache, Cuisine Creole. Antananarivo: Librairie de Tananarive. pp. 36–40.
  194. ^ Rules, Dwayne A. (7 April 2011). "Nasi lemak, our 'national dish'". The Star. Archived from the original on 2 July 2014. Retrieved 6 November 2013.
  195. ^ Specter, Michael (2 December 1984). "In Malaysia, Spicy Satay". The New York Times.
  196. ^ Eliot, Joshua (1994). Indonesia, Malaysia & Singapore Handbook. New York: Trade & Travel Publications. p. 352.
  197. ^ Erickson, Joan (1982). Southeast Asia Sunset travel guides. Lane Publishing Company. p. 78. ISBN 978-037-606-764-7.
  198. ^ Aquilina, Melisande (22 March 2018). "A History of Malta in 7 Dishes". Roads & Kingdoms. Retrieved 23 August 2010.
  199. ^ Sarah Duff (18 September 2012). "25 of the best things to eat and drink in Mauritius". Getaway. Retrieved 23 August 2020.
  200. ^ Phillips, Matt; Carillet, Jean-Bernard; Ham, Anthony (1 December 2019). Lonely Planet Mauritius, Reunion & Seychelles. Lonely Planet. ISBN 978-1-78868-709-6. Retrieved 26 August 2020.
  201. ^ "Mole Poblano: Mexico's National Food Dish". Mexonline. Retrieved 11 July 2010.
  202. ^ Terrero, Nina (11 September 2012). "How to make: Traditional Mexican favorites". NBC Latino. Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 11 March 2014.
  203. ^ "Mamaliga: the real national dish of Moldova". livetheworld. 2022-11-23. Retrieved 2024-08-13.
  204. ^ Howard, Holly (31 March 2017). "A Brief History of Barbagiuan, Monaco's National Dish". Culture Trip. Retrieved 21 August 2010.
  205. ^ Thurein Tun Oo (25 May 2019). "5 Must-Eat Myanmar Traditional Dishes". Thailand Tatler. Archived from the original on 25 May 2019. Retrieved 20 August 2010.
  206. ^ Haber, Daniel (31 March 2002). "Lephet – Green Tea Salad". Swe Sone magazine. Archived from the original on 8 July 2007. Retrieved 10 April 2007.
  207. ^ Foodspotting (18 March 2014), The Foodspotting Field Guide, Chronicle Books LLC, p. 71, ISBN 978-1-4521-3008-8
  208. ^ Ng, Brady (6 January 2015), "Tea Leaf Salad Is a Greasy Equalizer in Myanmar", Vice.com, retrieved 21 August 2020
  209. ^ Ago, Kushanpoudelin #kntpr • 7 Years (2017-11-13). "National food of Nepal "Gundruk and Dhido"". Steemit. Retrieved 2024-07-06.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  210. ^ "Emily Wight Dutch Feast". Malcolm Jolley. Good Food Revolution. 16 January 2018. Retrieved 20 August 2020.
  211. ^ "The 5 most typical Dutch foods". Erasmus Student Network Groningen. 11 October 2017. Retrieved 20 August 2020.
  212. ^ "ARE PIES THE NATIONAL DISH OF NEW ZEALAND?". Retrieved 20 August 2020.
  213. ^ "Bacon & Egg Pie". Archived from the original on 23 March 2016. Retrieved 5 June 2011.
  214. ^ "Tender, loving care for lamb". 26 January 2010. Retrieved 5 June 2011.
  215. ^ Jack Guy (24 April 2020). "How the Nacatamal Became Nicaragua's National Dish". Culture Trip. Retrieved 21 August 2010.
  216. ^ "Nigeria's plans to stop importing rice". BBC. 31 January 2017. Retrieved 20 August 2020.
  217. ^ "How to make Egusi soup". 18 January 2016. Retrieved 20 August 2020.
  218. ^ a b "#CNNFood challenge: What's your country's national dish?". CNN Travel. CNN. 18 September 2015. Retrieved 20 August 2020.
  219. ^ "Mouth-watering Macedonia: 5 traditional dishes you've got to try". Intrepid Travel. 20 November 2015. Retrieved 15 November 2019.
  220. ^ "'Fårikål' wins again as Norway's national dish". Newsinenglish.no. 16 June 2014. Retrieved 22 June 2020.
  221. ^ "Norway sticks with fårikål as national dish". Thelocal.no. 17 June 2014. Retrieved 22 June 2020.
  222. ^ Kate Springer (13 April 2017). "7 Must-Try Omani Foods And Where To Find Them". Hong Kong Tatler. Retrieved 20 August 2010.
  223. ^ "Gulab Jamun is now officially the national dessert of Pakistan.It is considered that Pakistan have best food in the entire world". Daily Times. 6 January 2019. Retrieved 20 August 2020.
  224. ^ Long, Lucy (15 July 2016). Ethnic American Cooking: Recipes for Living in a New World. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 226. ISBN 978-144-226-734-3.
  225. ^ Salah, Maha (4 March 2018). "Musakhan". Memo Middle Earth Monitor. Retrieved 20 August 2020.
  226. ^ Williams, Emma (2006). It's Easier to Reach Heaven than the End of the Street. Great Britain: Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 378. ISBN 978-0-7475-8559-6.
  227. ^ Karmi, Ghada (2002). In Search of Fatima. U.S.: Verso New Left Books. p. 39. ISBN 1-85984-561-4.
  228. ^ "Ceviche – the Peruvian national dish". Peru Travel Guide. Archived from the original on 7 June 2008. Retrieved 11 July 2010.
  229. ^ a b c d Bueno, Anna (21 June 2017). "Adobo, sinigang, or sisig: What's your pick for the Philippines' national dish?". CNN Philippines. Archived from the original on 16 December 2019. Retrieved 26 December 2019.
  230. ^ a b Gonzalez, Manny (12 July 2018). "Why don't we have official national dishes?". The Philippine Star. Retrieved 26 December 2019.
  231. ^ a b Gapultos, Marvin (23 April 2013). The Adobo Road Cookbook: A Filipino Food Journey. Tuttle Publishing. p. 210. ISBN 978-1-4629-1169-1.
  232. ^ DeWitt, Dave (2010). 1,001 Best Hot and Spicy Recipes. Agate Publishing. p. 428. ISBN 978-1-57284-113-0.
    Deere, Kiki (20 June 2017). Journey Through the Philippines: An Unforgettable Journey from Manila to Mindanao. Tuttle Publishing. p. 43. ISBN 978-1-4629-1886-7.
    Sifton, Sam (5 January 2011). "The Cheat: The Adobo Experiment". The New York Times. Retrieved 5 June 2011.
    Dee, Ching (3 September 2019). "Your Foodie Guide To Manila". Forbes Travel Guide. The Five Star Travel Corporation. Retrieved 26 December 2019.
    Villafuerte, Sai (16 September 2019). "Filipino Chefs Are Taking Back Control of Their Cuisine". Vice. Retrieved 26 December 2019.
  233. ^ "Try These Innovative Sisig Dishes That Might Just Win a National Competition". Pepper. Philippines. 18 September 2018. Archived from the original on 26 December 2019. Retrieved 26 December 2019.
    Fecks, Noah; Wagtouicz, Paul (29 October 2013). The Way We Ate: 100 Chefs Celebrate a Century at the American Table. Simon and Schuster. p. 154. ISBN 978-1-4767-3272-5.
  234. ^ McKinnon, Leila (1 November 2012). Australia's Favourite Recipes. Pan Macmillan Australia. p. 76. ISBN 978-1-74334-955-7.
    Stafford, Paul (20 August 2018). "Like A Local: 10 Of The Most Unique Foods Of The Philippines". Travel Magazine. Retrieved 26 December 2019.
  235. ^ "Kapusta kiszona (sauerkraut) is the basis for Poland's national dish bigos (sauerkraut with a variety of meats), kapuśniak (sauerkraut soup)" [in:] Polish Holiday Cookery by Robert Strybel, 2003, p. 14; "Bigos, the national dish of Poland — a hunter's stew of mixed meats and vegetables" [in:] The food lover's companion to Portland by Lisa Shara Hall, Roger J. Porter, 1996
  236. ^ "Two national specialities you'll find everywhere are bigos (cabbage stewed with meat and spices) and pierogi" [in:] Poland: the rough guide, 1991 and kotlet schabowy is a close cousin of the Teutonic Wiener Schnitzel" [in:] Joey Porcelli, Clay Fong . The Gyros Journey: Affordable Ethnic Eateries Along the Front Range, 2006
  237. ^ "PORTUGUESE CUISINE The Food of Portugal". Go Lisbon. Retrieved 20 August 2020.
  238. ^ "Top 10 foods to try in the Algarve". BBC Goodfood. BBC. Retrieved 20 August 2020.
  239. ^ Holland, Mina (2015) [2014]. The World on a Plate: 40 Cuisines, 100 Recipes, and the Stories Behind Them. New York: Penguin Books. p. 78. ISBN 978-0-14-312765-9.
  240. ^ Poelzl, Volker (2007). Culture Shock! Portugal: A Survival Guide to Customs and Etiquette. Tarrytown, NY: Marshall Cavendish. p. 150. ISBN 978-0-7614-5672-8.
  241. ^ National Dish of Portugal wetravelportugal.com. Retrieved 24 April 2021.
  242. ^ Kiran Paul. "Eight Authentic Qatari Food You Must Try". Qatar Day. Archived from the original on 9 September 2017. Retrieved 20 August 2014.
  243. ^ Kay Shaw Nelson (27 September 1979). "Some Call It Porridge, Others Call It Mush, Romanians Call It Mamaliga". The Washington Post. Retrieved 11 October 2020.
  244. ^ Mark Baker (27 September 2014). "A guide to Romanian cuisine". Lonely Planet. Retrieved 11 October 2020.
  245. ^ Alison Mutler (17 February 2014). "EU agrees to open its grills to Romania's national sausage". Vancouver Sun. Archived from the original on 19 May 2014.
  246. ^ "Q&A". The New York Times. 1983-12-14. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2024-07-31.
  247. ^ Groundwater, Ben (5 February 2017). "Feed the World". Sydney Sun Herald. ProQuest 1864945067. Beetroot soup: it may not sound that enticing, and it certainly doesn't look it. But imagine it's freezing cold outside, that the snow has been piling up for months. Imagine that a pot of soup has been sitting on the stove all day, improving and intensifying. Imagine that the best root vegetables have gone in there, plus herbs, and maybe hunks of sausage. Imagine that a steaming bowl is placed in front of you, topped with a dollop of sour cream. Now you're getting why this is Russia's favourite dish.
  248. ^ a b Food in Motion: The Migration of Foodstuffs and Cookery Techniques : Proceedings: Oxford Symposium 1983. Oxford Symposium. 1983. p. 62. ISBN 978-0-907325-16-1.
  249. ^ Леонид Беловинский. Энциклопедический словарь российской жизни и истории: XVIII-начало XX в., стр. 557, Пирог (Leonid Belovinskiy. The encyclopedic dictionary of Russian life and history: from the 18th to the beginning of the 20th centurym p. 557, "Pirog"; in Russian)
  250. ^ Вильям Похлебкин. Большая энциклопедия кулинарного искусства, Пироги русские. Москва: Центрполиграф, 2010, ISBN 978-5-9524-4620-5 (William Pokhlyobkin. The Great Encyclopedia of Culinary Art, "Russian pirogi". Moscow: Centrpoligraph, 2010; in Russian)
  251. ^ Florian (2012-01-24). "Salad Olivier | Food Perestroika". Retrieved 2024-08-12.
  252. ^ "3 National Russian Dishes - Friendly Local Guides Blog". 2015-01-22. Retrieved 2024-08-16.
  253. ^ "Jareesh, maqshush announced as Saudi Arabia's national dishes". 12 January 2023.
  254. ^ Encyclopedia Britannica (2002). The New Encyclopedia Britannica. Vol. 1. Encyclopedia Britannica. ISBN 978-0-85229-787-2.
  255. ^ Ember, Melvin (2001). Countries and Their Cultures: Saint Kitts and Nevis to Zimbabwe. Macmillan Reference USA. p. 68. ISBN 978-0-02-864946-7.
  256. ^ "Serbian cuisine". TravelSerbia. Retrieved 9 August 2010.
  257. ^ Pamela Goyan Kittler; Kathryn P. Sucher; Marcia Nahikian-Nelms (August 2011). Food and Culture, 6th ed. Cengage Learning. p. 410. ISBN 978-0-538-73497-4. Large, thin meat patties made from lamb and beef, known as pljeskavica, are considered a national dish of Serbia but are also a favorite with Bosnians and Croatians
  258. ^ "Gibanica, a pie like no other". serbia.com. Retrieved 21 March 2013.
  259. ^ "You are being redirected..." www.serbia.com. Retrieved 21 February 2022.
  260. ^ "You are being redirected..." www.serbia.com. Retrieved 21 February 2022.
  261. ^ "The quest for Singapore's next national dish". CNN. 26 January 2010. Archived from the original on 14 June 2012. Retrieved 7 July 2010.
  262. ^ Kugiya, Hugo (18 March 2010). "Singapore's national dish: Hainan chicken rice". Crosscut.com. Archived from the original on 31 August 2011. Retrieved 3 October 2013.
  263. ^ Peter Turner; Chris Taylor; Hugh Finlay (1996). Malaysia, Singapore & Brunei: A Lonely Planet Travel Survival Kit. Lonely Planet Publications. p. 78. ISBN 978-086-442-393-1.
  264. ^ "National Food". Slovak Republic. Retrieved 1 August 2010.
  265. ^ "Slovenia National Day 2018 Doodle". 25 June 2018. Retrieved 23 August 2010.
  266. ^ Tanja Glogovčan Belančić (28 May 2020). "Ajda - koristna za ljudi in čebele". Government Communication Office of the Republic of Slovenia. Retrieved 23 August 2010.
  267. ^ "Buckwheat dumplings – Ajdovi štruklji". Find Eat Local. Archived from the original on 22 January 2021. Retrieved 23 August 2010.
  268. ^ Polona Prešeren (April 2010). "Idrijski žlikrofi – a true speciality of Idrija". Government Communication Office of the Republic of Slovenia. Archived from the original on 27 April 2013. Retrieved 23 August 2020.
  269. ^ Crais, C.; McClendon, T.V. (2013). The South Africa Reader: History, Culture, Politics. The World Readers. Duke University Press. p. 64. ISBN 978-0-8223-7745-0.
  270. ^ Kronenthal, Melissa (1 May 2010). "Spain's tortilla de patatas is simply satisfying". The Seattle Times. Retrieved 18 May 2011.
  271. ^ Levine, Irene (28 June 2011). "5 must tastes of Barcelona". The Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 23 August 2020.
  272. ^ Eric Scigliano (21 February 2020). "The world wants to eat more octopus. Is farming them ethical?". National Geographic. Archived from the original on February 24, 2020. Retrieved 26 August 2020.
  273. ^ "▷ What is the national dish of Spain? ⭐ 【 ¡Discover it! 】". Traditional Spanish Food (in Spanish). Retrieved 2024-08-31.
  274. ^ "Paella, on the way to becoming a World Heritage Site". Generalitat Valenciana. Retrieved 19 February 2020. For the Region of Valencia, paella is much more than a recipe, it is a ritual and an icon of our culture.[permanent dead link]
  275. ^ Panadero, Amparo (11 March 2019). "La paella valenciana quiere ser Patrimonio de la Humanidad". Diario16 (in Spanish). Retrieved 19 February 2020. En el caso de la paella valenciana, se trata de una tradición culinaria y social que constituye un icono de hospitalidad y un símbolo de unión e identidad valencianas ...
  276. ^ "Sri Lanka Food Rice & Curry". Retrieved 18 May 2011.
  277. ^ "National Dish of Suriname Pom". National Dishes of the World. Retrieved 10 July 2021.
  278. ^ a b "Food and Drink in Sweden: Sweden Travel Guide". Swedentravelnet.com. Archived from the original on 16 November 2018. Retrieved 3 October 2013.
  279. ^ "The crayfish party". Sweden.Se. Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 3 October 2013.
  280. ^ "Airlines ban 'foul' Swedish fish". BBC News. 1 April 2006.
  281. ^ Cederling: Surströmming (Rotten or more like sour herring) Archived 14 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine
  282. ^ "Margot Wallström om sill & potatis" (in Swedish). Sveriges Radio. Retrieved 17 October 2024.
  283. ^ "Motion 2004/05:K378 Ostkaka som Sveriges nationalrätt" (in Swedish). riksdagen.se. Retrieved 3 April 2014.
  284. ^ "Mynewsdesk" (in Swedish). Retrieved 17 October 2024.
  285. ^ "Surströmming eller kebabpizza - som Sveriges nationalrätt?" (in Swedish). Sveriges Radio. Retrieved 17 October 2024.
  286. ^ "Switzerland's national dishes". Federal Department of Foreign Affairs. Swiss Confederation. Retrieved 18 January 2023. Some traditional Swiss dishes, such as fondue and raclette, are more typically eaten in the winter. Others, such as muesli – also known in Switzerland as Birchermüesli – and rösti are popular all year round and come in many variations.
  287. ^ John Tagliabue (3 February 2008). "Swiss Sausage Fans Fret Over How to Save Their Skin". The New York Times.
  288. ^ Zaino, Caitlin. "Top 10 foods to try in Switzerland". BBC Goodfood. BBC. Retrieved 20 August 2020.
  289. ^ "15 Traditional Swiss Dishes To Try in Switzerland – Switzerland Trip Ideas | Viator.com". Viator. Retrieved 2024-08-09.
  290. ^ a b "Qurutob, Tajikistan's National Dish". Food Perestroika. 15 October 2013. Retrieved 23 August 2020.
  291. ^ Florian Pinel (10 January 2014). "Qurutob Recipe". Vice.com. Retrieved 23 August 2020.
  292. ^ "National Dish of Taiwan Beef Noodle Soup". National Foods Org. Retrieved 22 July 2020.
  293. ^ "In Appreciation of Taiwan's 'National Dish'—Braised Pork Ricep". National Foods Org. Retrieved 22 July 2020.
  294. ^ "Chipsi mayai Tanzania's national dish". 6 February 2020. Retrieved 19 October 2021.
  295. ^ "Typical Thai Meals & Eating Habits". Bangkok.com. Retrieved 7 July 2010.
  296. ^ Phavitch Theeraphong and Sopida Rodsom (21 February 2018). "Best places to eat somtum in Bangkok". Time Out. Retrieved 20 August 2020.
  297. ^ "What it takes to make doubles a national dish". Trinidad and Tobago Newsday. 24 December 2020. Retrieved 10 July 2021.
  298. ^ "Popular Dishes in Trinidad & Tobago". 19 November 2014. Retrieved 10 July 2021.
  299. ^ "Bake and Shark Recipe".
  300. ^ "Quick food made with chickpeas and curry: Trinidad's national dish". caribbean-sun.com. Retrieved 28 April 2024.
  301. ^ "Crab and Dumplings (Tobago)". Wine Enthusiast. Retrieved 10 July 2021.
  302. ^ "The Storied History Of A Tunisian Tuna Pastry Called Bric". NPR. 5 June 2012.
  303. ^ "Pilaf". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Retrieved 20 August 2020.
  304. ^ Kuru fasulyemi geri istiyorum! Sabah
  305. ^ Thomas MacGill (1808). Travels in Turkey, Italy and Russia During the Years 1803, 1804, 1805, and 1806: With an Account of Some of the Greek Islands, Volume 2. J. Murray. p. 127. ISBN 978-2-06-100063-2.
  306. ^ PUJA CHANGOIWALA (23 July 2019). "Gaziantep: The Little Known Culinary Paradise of Turkey". The Quint. Retrieved 25 August 2020.
  307. ^ Aruna Chandaraju (26 August 2020). "Ooh la la over baklava". Deccan Herald. Retrieved 26 August 2020.
  308. ^ Roth, Alisa (1 November 2012). "Simit: Turkey's National Bread". Gastronomica: The Journal of Food and Culture. 12 (4): 31–36. doi:10.1525/GFC.2012.12.4.31. Retrieved 26 August 2010.
  309. ^ Л. М. Безусенко (ред.) (2002), "Борщ", Українська нацiональна кухня, Сталкер, p. 31 (L. M. Bezussenko, ed. (2002), "Borscht", Ukrainian Ethnic Cuisine (in Ukrainian), Stalker Publishers, p. 31)
  310. ^ В. В. Похлёбкин (2000), Кулинарный словарь от А до Я, Центрполиграф (William Pokhlyobkin (2000), "Borscht", The Culinary Dictionary from A to Z (in Russian), Centrpoligraf)
  311. ^ Л. М. Безусенко (ред.) (2002), "Вареники", Українська нацiональна кухня, Сталкер (L. M. Bezussenko, ed. (2002), "Varenyky", Ukrainian Ethnic Cuisine (in Ukrainian), Stalker Publishers, p. 181)
  312. ^ В. В. Похлёбкин (2000), "Вареники", Кулинарный словарь от А до Я, Центрполиграф, p. 181 (William Pokhlyobkin (2000), The Culinary Dictionary from A to Z (in Russian), Centrpoligraf)
  313. ^ "Food & Drink in Abu Dhabi". February 2021.
  314. ^ "Fish and Chips," in Fast Food and Junk Food: An Encyclopedia of What We Love to Eat (2011). Ed. Andrew F. Smith. ABC-CLIO p. 258 .
    Darwin Porter and Danforth Prince, Frommer's England 2011: With Wales (2010). John Wiley & Sons: p. 163.
    Heston Blumenthal, In Search of Total Perfection (2010). Bloomsbury: p. 205.
    Fish and Chips, Historic UK.
    Heston Blumenthal, Further Adventures in Search of Perfectionp. 100
    Roy, Parama (2010). Alimentary Tracts: Appetites, Aversions, and the Postcolonial. Durham N.C.: Duke University Press. ISBN 978-0-8223-4788-0. p. 3
  315. ^ "Cornish pasties can't be pirated". gov.uk (Press release). Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs. 22 February 2011. Retrieved 21 July 2022.
  316. ^ Simon (2023-04-29). "History of the Devon Cream Tea". VisitDartmoor. Retrieved 2024-05-17.
  317. ^ Tamplin, Harley (2017-06-17). "Historians reveal the Cornish Pasty was invented in Devon and now there's beef". Metro. Retrieved 2024-05-17.
  318. ^ "Top 10 National Dishes -- National Geographic". Travel. 13 September 2011. Archived from the original on October 14, 2016. Retrieved 8 August 2020.
  319. ^ Robert Appelbaum, Aguecheek's Beef, Belch's Hiccup, and Other Gastronomic Interjections: Literature, Culture, and Food Among the Early Moderns (2006). University of Chicago Press, p. 214
    Yee Chiang, The Silent Traveller in London (1939). Interlink: p. 157.
  320. ^ "Crumpet Man, the history of crumpets". crumpetman.com. Retrieved 2024-05-17.
  321. ^ "Made up in Britain: Custard : Alfred Bird 1837". madeupinbritain.uk. Retrieved 2024-05-17.
  322. ^ "Alfred Bird", Wikipedia, 2024-03-07, retrieved 2024-05-17
  323. ^ "American by Association ⎮ Milk + Honey". Milk + Honey. 2017-07-12. Retrieved 2024-05-17.
  324. ^ Peter Earle. The Making of the English Middle Class: Business, Society and Family Life in London 1660-1730 (1989). University of California Press: p. 279.
    Cassell's Dictionary of Cookery (1883), p. 137.
    About Plum Pudding, Everyday Housekeeping: A Magazine for Practical Housekeepers and Mothers (Vol. 13-14), p. 97.
  325. ^ "Ireland: Ulster Fry (March 10, 2008)". European Cuisines. 10 March 2008. Retrieved 3 October 2013.
  326. ^ Sari Edelstein. Food, Cuisine, and Cultural Competency for Culinary, Hospitality, and Nutrition Professionals (2010). Jones & Bartlett : p. 118.
    Lesley Anne Rose, Michael Macaroon, and Vivienne Crow. Frommer's Scotland (2012). John Wiley & Sons: p. 28.
  327. ^ "Deep Fried Mars Bars Recipe". Frymax. 2023-02-17. Retrieved 2024-08-18.
  328. ^ "Welsh national dish". Foodmuseum.com. Archived from the original on 15 July 2010. Retrieved 4 July 2010.
  329. ^ a b Danny Walsh (5 July 2017). Recipes for Reminiscence: The Year in Food-Related Memories, Activities and Tastes. Taylor & Francis. p. 125. ISBN 978-1-351-70537-0.
  330. ^ Crawford, Constance (1988). The Muse of Menus: Stories from Life and Cooking. J. Daniel. p. 113. ISBN 978-0-936784-64-9.
    Raymond A. Sokolov (1998). Fading Feast: A Compendium of Disappearing American Regional Foods. David R. Godine. p. 13. ISBN 978-1-56792-037-6.
    Mann, Bill (10 May 2012). "Will poutine become Canada's national dish?". MarketWatch. Vancouver. Retrieved 15 May 2020.
  331. ^ "Top 10 National Dishes". National Geographic. 13 September 2011. Archived from the original on October 14, 2016. Retrieved 1 January 2020.
    Eric Schlosser (2012). Fast Food Nation: The Dark Side of the All-American Meal. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. pp. 197–199. ISBN 978-0-547-75033-0.
  332. ^ a b c Mark Stewart (August 2016). The United States and Canada. Capstone. p. 40. ISBN 978-1-4846-3814-9.
  333. ^ George Frederick Scotson-Clark (1923). Eating Without Fears. N.L. Brown. p. 87.
  334. ^ Smyth, Clifford (1924). The Literary Digest International Book Review. Funk and Wagnalls Company. p. 637.
    Industrial Development and Manufacturers' Record. Conway Publications. 1917. p. 19.
  335. ^ Trumbull, Robert (1977). "Two Samoas". Tin Roofs and Palm Trees (PDF). Australian National University Press. p. 196. ISBN 0-7081-0744-3 – via Australian National University.
  336. ^ Martinez, Lacee A.C. (19 May 2016). "Pucker up: Yigo to celebrate first citrus festival". Pacific Daily News. Guam. Retrieved 4 January 2020.
  337. ^ Kramer, Hilary (24 August 2013). "Spam Is For Eating --- Not Deleting". Forbes. Retrieved 4 January 2020.
  338. ^ Minahan, James B. (23 December 2009). The Complete Guide to National Symbols and Emblems [2 volumes]. ABC-CLIO. p. 139. ISBN 978-0-313-34497-8.
    Wise, Naomi (10 March 2005). "Your Special Island". San Diego Reader. Retrieved 4 January 2020.
  339. ^ Squires, Kathleen (5 December 2014). "Where to Find the Best Roast Pork in Puerto Rico". The Wall Street Journal. New York City. Retrieved 14 February 2020.
    Claiborne, Craig (5 July 1978). "A 'Casual' Dinner in Puerto Rico". The New York Times. Retrieved 14 February 2020.
    Philpott, Don (28 February 2003). Landmark Puerto Rico. Landmark Publishing Limited. p. 28. ISBN 978-1-901522-34-1.
    Ritschel, Chelsea (11 December 2019). "What Christmas Dinner Looks Like Around The World". Independent. United Kingdom. Archived from the original on 18 June 2022. Retrieved 14 February 2020.
  340. ^ Mariano, Maureen Aimee (4 April 2016). "The Five Best Places for Mofongo in Miami". Miami New Times. Retrieved 3 January 2020.
    "Foods of Puerto Rico". American Indian Health and Diet Project. Kansas University. Retrieved 3 January 2020. Popular foods in Puerto Rico include the national dish, mofongo (below), made with fried and mashed plantains that are mixed with shrimp, bacon, olive oil and garlic.
    Zaino, Caitlin (15 July 2013). "On the mofongo trail in Puerto Rico". Travel. BBC. Retrieved 3 January 2020. From urban Old San Juan to the beaches of Isla Verde, past the cities of Bayamón and Ponce, through lush rainforest and striking coastlines, mofongo proudly stands as Puerto Rico's unofficial national dish.
    Pitzer, Kurt (2 September 2009). Puerto Rico's Cordillera Central. Hunter Publishing, Inc. p. 24. ISBN 978-1-58843-796-9.
  341. ^ Minahan, James B. (23 December 2009). The Complete Guide to National Symbols and Emblems [2 volumes]. ABC-CLIO. p. 769. ISBN 978-0-313-34497-8.
    Fodor's Travel Guides (10 October 2017). Fodor's U.S. & British Virgin Islands. Fodor's Travel. p. 124. ISBN 978-0-14-754695-1.
  342. ^ "Cuisine of Uzbekistan. Uzbek national dish :: Plov". Orexca.com. Retrieved 3 October 2013.
    "Welcome to Uzbek National Cuisine!". Uzbekcuisine.com. Retrieved 3 October 2013.
  343. ^ "Correspondents Report - The secrets of Vanuatu's national dish, the Lap Lap". www.abc.net.au. 24 April 2021. Retrieved 10 July 2021.
  344. ^ "National Dishes of the World – Ranked". The Hungry Voyagers. 2023-05-22. Retrieved 2024-08-03.
  345. ^ "The Best and Wackiest Foods to Try in Venezuela". 2 March 2015.
  346. ^ "How Venezuelan Traditions Work". 25 July 2011.
  347. ^ Salloum, Habeeb (2014). Asian Cooking Made Simple: A Culinary Journey along the Silk Road and Beyond. Habeeb Salloum. pp. 154–162. ISBN 978-1-59152-134-1.
  348. ^ Pumza Fihlani (17 September 2019). "Why Africa should 'stop eating one of its favourite foods'". BBC. Retrieved 28 August 2020.
  349. ^ Bob Gibbons, Siân Pritchard-Jones (2 May 2014). Africa Overland. Bradt Travel Guides. p. 177. ISBN 978-184-162-494-5. Retrieved 28 August 2020.
  350. ^ "plato nacional". linguee.com.
  351. ^ Jim Hillibish (3 June 2010). "Boiling Point: Matambre a South American spin on Italian beef". Leavenworth Times. Archived from the original on 23 October 2020. Retrieved 23 August 2020.
  352. ^ online, testing (12 December 1990). "plato nacional". spanishdict.
  353. ^ Helena Szymanderska. Polska wigilia. 2000
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=National_dish&oldid=1252082437"