Marlborough Royal Free Grammar School, previously known as Marlborough Grammar School and King Edward's School, Marlborough, was a grammar school in the town of Marlborough, in Wiltshire, England, founded in 1550.
| Marlborough Royal Free Grammar School | |
|---|---|
 The school in an engraving dated 1823 | |
| Location | |
 | |
| , England | |
| Coordinates | 51°25′N 1°43′W / 51.41°N 1.72°W |
| Information | |
| Type | grammar school |
| Motto | "Non nobis solum" |
| Established | 1550[1] |
| Closed | 1975 |
| Local authority | Wiltshire County Council |
| Age | 11 to 18 |
Originally for boys only, the school became co-educational in 1906. Over a period of more than four hundred years, it had a number of homes around Marlborough. In 1975 it was closed, and its final buildings were re-used for the new St John's Marlborough comprehensive school.
History
editThe Dissolution of Colleges Act 1547 closed all of the Kingdom of England's chantries, including the Hospital of St John, Marlborough. The town's burgesses then petitioned the Crown for the hospital to be converted into a "'Free-scole for the inducement of youth", and by letters patent dated 18 October 1550 a grammar school was established.[2][3] The former hospital thus became the school's first home, but in 1578 it was demolished and a new building was erected which provided a schoolroom, a house for the schoolmaster, and dormitories. This survived until 1790.[2]
The school was sometimes known as King Edward's School, Marlborough, in memory of King Edward VI,[4] but in the course of the 18th century it began to be known as Marlborough Grammar School.[5]
In 1834 a Charity Commissioners' report called the school the "Free Grammar School" and found that its original purpose was to teach Greek, Latin, and the church catechism, and that the governing body was the Corporation of Marlborough. Fourteen boys were then being taught the prescribed subjects without the payment of fees, but had to pay for other subjects. There were also twenty-six "pay-scholars", including some boarders.[6]
In 1853 the school survived a proposal by Earl Bruce to amalgamate it with the new Marlborough College.[7] During the nineteenth century it declined in numbers.[8]
In 1872, the school had endowments worth £248 a year, and there were five schoolmasters teaching 85 boys. Some 37 of those were "sons of persons resident three years in town" and so were on the foundation, paying fees of six guineas a year, while the rest were boarders paying between 45 and 50 guineas. The school was entitled to Exhibitions at Brasenose College, Oxford, two worth £52 a year and four worth £36, and to a smaller number at St John's College, Cambridge.[9]
By the 1890s the school had dwindled to six boys, taking intermittent lessons in a single room. The resignation of the headmaster in 1899 led to the closure of the school.[2] In October 1905 it reopened in new buildings on the same site, known as Marlborough Grammar School, now taking the form of a mixed school for eighty boys and girls.[8] Two classrooms were added in 1932, and by 1938 there were 300 pupils.[2] A larger site to the south of the town was bought in 1936, but war and the subsequent restrictions prevented any building work there.[2] In 1947 a boarding-house for both sexes was established at Wye House.[2]
The school was eventually rehoused in 1962, in new buildings on the new site.[10][5] In 1975, the school and the local secondary modern school, Marlborough Secondary Modern, were both closed, and a new comprehensive school, now called St John's Marlborough, was created and took over the buildings of both former schools. New school buildings were later built alongside those of the old grammar school, and the 1960s buildings were demolished in 2010.[11]
Headmasters
edit- John Hildrop, 1711[2]
- William Stone, 1733–1750[2]
- Thomas Neyler the Elder, 1750–1774[2]
- Joseph Edwards, 1774–1808[2]
- J. T. Lawes, 1809–1828[2]
- T. Nayler, 1828[12]
- Frederick Hookey Bond, 1853–1877[13][9]
- Sidney Pontefract , 1905-1932
- Arthur Redvers Stedman , 1932-1962
- Michael Stevens , Acting Headmaster, 1963-1964
- William Roger Daffurn, 1964-1975
Notable former pupils
edit- Robin Baker, biologist and writer, author of Sperm Wars, attended 1955–1962
- Frederick Bligh Bond (1864–1945), architect[14]
- General Sir Francis George Bond (1856–1930), British Army officer
- Edward Caswall (1814–1878), clergyman, poet, and hymn writer[15]
- Charles Chenery (1850–1928), international footballer[16]
- Michael Dodson (1732–1799), lawyer and writer on religious subjects[17]
- Sir William Golding novelist, Nobel Laureate in Literature[18]
- Phil Hammond (born 1962), comedian
- Phil Harding (born 1950), archaeologist, known for Channel 4's Time Team[19]
- Walter Harte (1709–1774), poet and historian[20]
- Frederick Maddison (1849–1907), previously known as Frederick Patey Chappell, footballer who played for England in the first international football match
- Henry Moule (1801–1880), clergyman and inventor of the dry earth closet[21]
- Henry Sacheverell (1674–1724), high church clergyman
- John Whitelocke (1757–1833), British Army general[22]
Further reading
edit- Alfred Redvers Stedman, A History of Marlborough grammar school 1550-1945 (Devizes, 1945)
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ The Educational Calendar and Scholastic Year-book for 1871, p. 87
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k 'Education', in A History of the County of Wiltshire, vol. 5 (1957), pp. 348-368, accessed 7 April 2013
- ^ Alfred Redvers Stedman, A History of Marlborough grammar school 1550–1945 (Devizes, 1945)
- ^ William W. Kenawell, Frederick Bligh Bond, The Quest at Glastonbury: a biographical study of Frederick Bligh Bond (1965), p. 20
- ^ a b Michael Bosher, Patrick Hazlewood, Nurturing Independent Thinkers: Working with an Alternative Curriculum (2005), p. 15
- ^ "Marlborough – Free Grammar School" in Public Charities: Analytical digest of the Reports made by the Commissioners of inquiry into charities. Digest of schools and charities for education (W. Clowes & Son, 1842), p. 128.
- ^ The Wiltshire archaeological and natural history magazine, vols. 78-80 (Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Society - 1983), p. 74
- ^ a b John Carey, William Golding: The Man Who Wrote Lord of the Flies (2012), p. 3
- ^ a b F. S. de Carteret-Bisson, Our Schools and Colleges, 1872, p. 322
- ^ "Marlborough Grammar School, Marlborough". Wiltshire Community History. Wiltshire Council. Retrieved 1 November 2023.
- ^ Camilla officially opens St John's, Marlborough, from The Wiltshire Gazette and Herald at gazetteandherald.co.uk
- ^ The Gentleman's Magazine, vol. 144 (1828), p. 461
- ^ Rev. Frederick Hookey Bond (I17188) at stanford.edu, accessed 5 April 2013 [dead link]
- ^ Frederick Bligh Bond at digitalseance.wordpress.com, accessed 5 April 2013
- ^ Edward Caswall Archived 2015-09-29 at the Wayback Machine at oce.catholic.com, accessed 7 April 2013
- ^ Charley Chenery at englandfootballonline.com, accessed 7 April 2013
- ^ 'Dodson, Michael' in Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (OUP, 2007)
- ^ Harold Bloom, William Golding's Lord of the Flies (2010), p. 9
- ^ Notable People at insidewiltshire.co.uk, accessed 7 April 2013
- ^ 'Harte, Walter', in Dictionary of National Biography, vol. 25 (Wikisource text)
- ^ "Henry Moule (ML817H)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
- ^ 'Whitelocke, John', in Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (OUP, 2007)