Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture (simplified Chinese: 黄南藏族自治州; traditional Chinese: 黃南藏族自治州; pinyin: Huángnán Zàngzú Zìzhìzhōu; Tibetan: རྨ་ལྷོ་བོད་རིགས་རང་སྐྱོང་ཁུལ་, Wylie: rma lho bod rigs rang skyong khul) is an autonomous prefecture of Eastern Qinghai, China, bordering Gansu to the east. The prefecture has an area of 17,921 km2 (6,919 sq mi) and its seat is in Tongren County.
Huangnan Prefecture
黄南州 · རྨ་ལྷོ་ཁུལ། Malho | |
|---|---|
| Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture 黄南藏族自治州 · རྨ་ལྷོ་བོད་རིགས་རང་སྐྱོང་ཁུལ་ | |
 Location of Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Qinghai | |
| Coordinates: 35°31′09″N 102°00′55″E / 35.5193°N 102.0154°E | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Province | Qinghai |
| Prefecture seat | Tongren County |
| Area | |
| • Total | 18,226 km2 (7,037 sq mi) |
| Population (2020)[1] | |
| • Total | 276,215 |
| • Density | 15/km2 (39/sq mi) |
| GDP[2] | |
| • Total | CN¥ 7.3 billion US$ 1.2 billion |
| • Per capita | CN¥ 27,181 US$ 4,364 |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| ISO 3166 code | CN-QH-23 |
Demographics
editAccording to the 2000 census, Huangnan has 214,642 inhabitants with a population density of 11.98 inhabitants/km2 (31.03 inhabitants/sq. mi.).[3]
Ethnic groups in Huangnan, 2000 census
edit| Nationality | Population | Percentage |
|---|---|---|
| Tibetan | 142,360 | 66.32% |
| Mongol | 29,071 | 13.54% |
| Hui | 16,411 | 7.65% |
| Han | 16,194 | 7.54% |
| Tu/Monguor | 8,445 | 3.93% |
| Salar | 1,530 | 0.71% |
| Others | 631 | 0.31% |
Climate
edit| Climate data for Tongren County (1981–2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 15.1 (59.2) |
21.6 (70.9) |
27.0 (80.6) |
32.7 (90.9) |
30.9 (87.6) |
31.3 (88.3) |
35.0 (95.0) |
34.2 (93.6) |
32.5 (90.5) |
23.4 (74.1) |
19.8 (67.6) |
13.9 (57.0) |
35.0 (95.0) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 1.3 (34.3) |
4.8 (40.6) |
10.1 (50.2) |
15.7 (60.3) |
18.9 (66.0) |
21.3 (70.3) |
23.5 (74.3) |
23.4 (74.1) |
18.7 (65.7) |
13.6 (56.5) |
8.1 (46.6) |
2.7 (36.9) |
13.5 (56.3) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −6.6 (20.1) |
−3.2 (26.2) |
2.0 (35.6) |
7.8 (46.0) |
11.9 (53.4) |
14.7 (58.5) |
16.7 (62.1) |
16.1 (61.0) |
12.0 (53.6) |
6.3 (43.3) |
0.1 (32.2) |
−5.1 (22.8) |
6.1 (42.9) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −12.2 (10.0) |
−9.2 (15.4) |
−3.9 (25.0) |
1.4 (34.5) |
5.8 (42.4) |
9.1 (48.4) |
11.2 (52.2) |
10.5 (50.9) |
7.4 (45.3) |
1.4 (34.5) |
−5.4 (22.3) |
−10.6 (12.9) |
0.5 (32.8) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −22.6 (−8.7) |
−19.5 (−3.1) |
−15.0 (5.0) |
−9.3 (15.3) |
−3.7 (25.3) |
1.2 (34.2) |
4.3 (39.7) |
2.3 (36.1) |
−0.9 (30.4) |
−10.5 (13.1) |
−16.4 (2.5) |
−21.5 (−6.7) |
−22.6 (−8.7) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 2.5 (0.10) |
3.9 (0.15) |
11.0 (0.43) |
22.6 (0.89) |
58.0 (2.28) |
64.5 (2.54) |
80.4 (3.17) |
70.8 (2.79) |
65.1 (2.56) |
25.9 (1.02) |
3.1 (0.12) |
0.8 (0.03) |
408.6 (16.08) |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration[4] | |||||||||||||
Subdivisions
editThe prefecture is subdivided into 4 county-level divisions: 1 county-level city, 2 counties and 1 autonomous county:
| Map | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name | Simplified Chinese | Hanyu Pinyin | Tibetan | Wylie Tibetan Pinyin |
Population (2010 Census) |
Area (km2) | Density (/km2) | |
| Tongren city | 同仁市 | Tóngrén shì | Official: ཐུང་རིན་གྲོང་ཁྱེར། (རེབ་གོང་གྲོང་ཁྱེར། or རེ་སྐོང་གྲོང་ཁྱེར།) |
thung rin grong khyer Tungrin Chongkyêr |
92,601 | 3,465 | 26.72 | |
| Jainca County (Jianzha County) |
尖扎县 | Jiānzhā Xiàn | གཅན་ཚ་རྫོང་། | gcan tsha rdzong Jainca Zong |
55,325 | 1,712 | 32.31 | |
| Zêkog County (Zeku County) |
泽库县 | Zékù Xiàn | རྩེ་ཁོག་རྫོང་། | rtse khog rdzong Zêkog Zong |
69,416 | 6,494 | 10.68 | |
| Henan Mongol Autonomous County |
河南蒙古族 自治县 |
Hénán Měnggǔzú Zìzhìxiàn |
རྨ་ལྷོ་སོག་རིགས་རང་སྐྱོང་རྫོང་། | rma lho sog rigs rang skyong rdzong Malho Sogrig Ranggyong Zong |
39,374 | 6,250 | 6.29 | |
Rongwo Monastery
editHuangnan is home to Rongwo Monastery, a Gelug monastery initially established in 1341 in Amdo on the Rongwo River.[5][6]
References
edit- ^ 青海省统计局 青海省第七次全国人口普查领导小组办公室. "青海省第七次全国人口普查公报（第二号）". 青海省统计局. Archived from the original on 2022-10-06. Retrieved 2023-01-01.
- ^ 青海省统计局、国家统计局青海调查总队 (August 2016). 《青海统计年鉴－2016》. 中国统计出版社. ISBN 978-7-5037-7834-6. Archived from the original on 2017-12-28. Retrieved 2017-06-05.
- ^ Renming, Zhengfu (2023-04-24). "2022年黄南州国民经济和社会发展统计公报" [en:Huangnan Prefecture National Economic and Social Development Statistics Bulletin 2022]. en:Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture People's Government (in Chinese). Retrieved 2024-03-22.
人口和人民生活:年末全州人口为281044人。全州出生人口4523人。
- ^ 中国地面国际交换站气候标准值月值数据集（1981－2010年） (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved January 1, 2011.
- ^ "Rongwu Monastery and town". baronet4tibet.com. Archived from the original on 2009-01-06. Retrieved 2015-05-09.
- ^ Staff (6 February 2008). "Longwu Temple - garden of Tibetan Buddhism and Western Region". China Tour Guide. Archived from the original on 14 February 2010. Retrieved 2010-02-04.
Further reading
edit- A. Gruschke: The Cultural Monuments of Tibet’s Outer Provinces: Amdo - Volume 1. The Qinghai Part of Amdo, White Lotus Press, Bangkok 2001. ISBN 974-480-049-6
- Tsering Shakya: The Dragon in the Land of Snows. A History of Modern Tibet Since 1947, London 1999, ISBN 0-14-019615-3