The Ethiopia–Poland relations refers to bilateral relations between Ethiopia and Poland. Historically, their relations began in November 1930 during the coronation of Emperor Haile Selassie. Soon after, Polish chargé d'affares came from Cairo to Addis Ababa. In 1934, both countries signed the Treaty of Friendship, Trade and Settlement, however it was not come to effect as a result of Italian invasion of Ethiopia.
 Ethiopia |
 Poland |
|---|---|
| Diplomatic mission | |
| Embassy of Ethiopia, Berlin | Embassy of Poland, Addis Ababa |
| Envoy | |
| Ambassador of Ethiopia in Poland Mulu Solomon | Ambassador of Poland in Ethiopia Przemysław Bobak |
Since September 1963, Polish–Ethiopian relations reinstated when Haile Selassie made official visit to Poland and decorated with Order of Polania Restituta, accompanied by signature of two treaties, on Cultural Cooperation, and Scientific and Technical Cooperation. Following the Ethiopian Revolution and the seizure of Derg in 1974, the two countries enjoyed causal mutual visits and signed numerous agreements on trade, aviation, loans, culture and media. This brought an increase of Ethiopian scholars in Poland.
In May 2017, Polish President Andrzej Duda made the first visit in Ethiopia, being the first in Sub-Saharan Africa. One year later in April 2018, Ethiopian President Mulatu Teshome made the first official visit to Poland to discuss economic and political cooperation. Poland and Ethiopia economic relations have a little impact. Ethiopia was 114th partner in foreign trade turnover with Poland as of 2020.[1]
History
Poland–Ethiopia relations started on the beginning of 1930s, When the first Polish chargé d'affares came from Cairo to Addis Ababa during the coronation of Emperor Haile Selassie.[2][3] Shortly after, the Ethiopian envoy in Paris officially visited Poland for the first time. In 1934, the two countries signed the Treaty of Friendship, Trade and Settlement (Polish: Traktat o Przyjazni, Handlu I Osadnictwie), however it went foiled by the Italian invasion occurred shortly after.[4][5]
In 1946, the Cairo legation of Ethiopia suggested renovation of the two diplomatic relations.[6] On 3 October 1947, Zygmunt Kuligowski, the Special Envoy and the Minister Plenipotentiary, presented his accreditation letters to Haile Selassie.[7] At this time the Ethiopian Envoy accreditation in Moscow got the letter in Warsaw. Between 1947 and 1960, the two relations were minimal with causal engagements. In 1960, the Polish Legation and the Office of Commercial Counselor began to operate in Addis Ababa.[8] One year later in 1961, Polish–Ethiopian diplomatic missions raised in Addis Ababa and Moscow to the rank of embassies.
Furthermore, it had since renovated advanced in September 1963 when the Emperor decorated with Grand Cross of the Order of the Rebirth of Poland (Polonia Restituta), accompanied by signature of two treaties, on Cultural Cooperation, and on Scientific and Technical Cooperation during the visit. Poland also helped by providing subsidies for Ethiopian students and sent to Ethiopia experts on various fields. This was a time where Polish movies were set up in festival in Ethiopia.[9]
Following the Ethiopian Revolution and the installation of the Derg to power in 1974, it was approved by the authorities of the Polish People's Republic. Since then, they strengthened their respective mutual visits by representatives and signed numerous accords on trade, aviation, loans, culture and media. During this time, a number of Ethiopian scholars in Poland increased significantly.
1989–present
At the end of 1992, the Polish Embassy in Ethiopia was shut down due to budget cuts as its duties were deputed to the Polish Embassy in Yemen. It reopened in mid-2003.[10] In May 2017, Polish President Andrzej Duda made official visit in Ethiopia, the first in Sub-Saharan Africa.[11][12] Together with the Ethiopian President Mulatu Teshome and Prime Minister Hailemariam Desalegn held consultations on political and economic cooperation between the two countries.[13]
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During the next visit at African Union forum, Poland assured to cooperate with African countries in the context of Poland membership in the United Nations Security Council. In April 2018, President Mulatu Teshome made a visited to Poland met with President Andrzej and Prime Minister Mateusz Morawiecki.[14] At this time, Polish and Ethiopian Ministry of Foreign Affairs consultation took place. Both representatives sat together in the UN Security Council. A letter of intent regarding academic cooperation was signed.
Economic relations
Economic relations between the two countries are relatively small. As of 2020, Ethiopia was 114th partner in foreign trade turnover, with exports from Poland reached 2,585 million USD, while the import from Ethiopia reached 1,088 million USD.[15]
Science field relations
During President Multatu's visit to Poland in 2018, both parties signed a letter of intent on the academic cooperation. In 2020, 26 Ethiopian students received Polish Lukasiewicz scholarship.[1][16]
References
- ^ a b "Poland attractive for scientists from abroad". nawa.gov.pl. Retrieved 2022-10-08.
- ^ "News - MFA Ethiopia". mfa.gov.et. 2020-09-30. Retrieved 2022-10-08.
- ^ Committee, United States Congress Senate Appropriations (1930). First Deficiency Appropriation Bill for 1930, Hearings Before ... 71-2, on H.R. 9979.
- ^ Matthews, M. Alice (1936). "Chronicle of International Events". The American Journal of International Law. 30 (1): 131–141. ISSN 0002-9300.
- ^ Daily Consular and Trade Reports. Department of Commerce and Labor, Bureau of Manufactures. 1935.
- ^ "January 29, 1977 Polish Ministry of Foreign Affairs" (PDF). 8 October 2022.
- ^ "ETHIOPIA POLAND - africa". doczz.net. Retrieved 2022-10-08.
- ^ "Europe Countries - MFA Ethiopia". 8 October 2022.
- ^ Dutoit, Yann Picand, Dominique. "Josip Broz Tito : definition of Josip Broz Tito and synonyms of Josip Broz Tito (English)". dictionary.sensagent.com. Retrieved 2022-10-08.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Prijac, Lukian (2015). Foreign relations with Ethiopia: human and diplomatic history (from its origins to present) (in French). LIT Verlag Münster. ISBN 978-3-643-12658-0.
- ^ "President: I recommend Ethiopian market". Oficjalna strona Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. 2018-04-23. Retrieved 2022-10-08.
- ^ "A Week in the Horn". Embassy of Ethiopia, London. 2017-05-12. Retrieved 2022-10-08.
- ^ editor1. "President Mulatu on Official visit to Poland | Ethiopian News Agency". Retrieved 2022-10-08.
{{cite web}}:|last=has generic name (help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ editor1. "President Mulatu on Official visit to Poland | Ethiopian News Agency". Retrieved 2022-10-08.
{{cite web}}:|last=has generic name (help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ "Ethiopia (ETH) and Poland (POL) Trade | OEC". OEC - The Observatory of Economic Complexity. Retrieved 2022-10-08.
- ^ "26 Ethiopian students receive the 2020/21 Lukasiewicz Scholarship - Poland in Ethiopia - Gov.pl website". Poland in Ethiopia. Retrieved 2022-10-08.