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}}</ref><ref name="Fesce">{{cite journal|last1=Fesce|first1=R|last2=Grohovaz|first2=F|last3=Valtorta|first3=F|last4=Meldolesi|first4=J|title=Neurotransmitter release: fusion or 'kiss-and-run'?|journal=Trends in Cell Biology|date=1994|volume=4|issue=1|page=1|pages=4|pmid=14731821|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14731821}}</ref>.
Kiss-and-run differs from full fusion, where the vesicle collapses fully into the [[plasma membrane]] and is then later retrieved by a [[clathrin]]-coat-dependent process.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Heuser|first1=JE|last2=Reese|first2=TS|title=Evidence for recycling of synaptic vesicle membrane during transmitter release at the frog neuromuscular junction.|journal=J.Cell Biol.|date=1973|volume=57|issue=2|pages=315-344|pmid=4348786|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4348786}}</ref> The idea that neurotransmitter might be released in "quanta" by the transient fusion of snaptic vesicles with the presynaptic membrane was first introduced by [[Bernard Katz]] and Jose del Castillo in 1955, when the first EM images of nerve terminals first appeared. The possibility of transient fusion and rapid retrieval of vesicle membrane was proposed by Bruno Ceccarelli in 1973, after examining in the [[electron microscope]] strongly stimulated frog neuromuscular junctions, and indirectly supported by the work of his group in the following years, using electrophysiology, electron microscopy and quick freezing techniques. The actual term, kiss-and-run, was introduced by Ceccarelli's collaborators <ref name="Fesce" /> after the first studies of simultaneous membrane capacitance and amperometric transmitter release measurements were performed and indicated that secretory products could actually be released during transient vesicle fusion<ref name="ADT">{{cite journal|last1=Alvarez de Toledo|first1=G|last2=Fernàndez-Chacòn|first2=R|last3=Fenràndez|first3=JM|title=Release of secretory products during transient vesicle fusion.|journal=Nature|date=1993|volume=363|issue=6429|pages=554-558|pmid=8505984|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8505984}}</ref>.
Today, there is back and forth debate over full fusion and kiss-and-run fusion and which model portrays a more accurate picture of the mechanisms behind synaptic release<ref>{{Cite journal
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