Content deleted Content added
→Zines: grammar |
→Role of women: grammar |
||
Line 170:
Riot Grrrl pioneer and [[Bikini Kill]] frontwoman [[Kathleen Hanna]] was the source for the name of Nirvana's 1991 breakthrough single, "[[Smells Like Teen Spirit]]", a reference to a [[Teen Spirit (deodorant)|deodorant]] marketed specifically to young women.<ref>Azerrad, Michael. ''Come as You Are: The Story of Nirvana''. Doubleday, 1994. {{ISBN|0-385-47199-8}}, pp. 211–212</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xWO4JnP2T40 | archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211029/xWO4JnP2T40| archive-date=2021-10-29|title=A performance at Joes Pub in NYC, where Hanna tells the story of "Smells Like Teen Spirit" |publisher=Youtube.com |date=December 15, 2010 |access-date=June 27, 2012}}{{cbignore}}</ref> Notable women instrumentalists include the bassists [[D'arcy Wretzky]] and [[Melissa Auf der Maur]] from [[the Smashing Pumpkins]], and drummers [[Patty Schemel]] of [[Hole (band)|Hole]] and [[Lori Barbero]] of [[Babes in Toyland (band)|Babes in Toyland]].<ref name="90srock.about.com">{{cite web|url=http://90srock.about.com/od/top-picks/tp/The-Greatest-Drummers-of-the-90s.htm|title=The 10 Greatest Drummers of the '90s|access-date=January 18, 2018|archive-date=February 7, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170207031618/http://90srock.about.com/od/top-picks/tp/The-Greatest-Drummers-of-the-90s.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> The inclusion of women instrumentalists in grunge is notable, because professional [[Women in music#Popular music|women instrumentalists]] are uncommon in most rock genres.<ref>Julian Schaap and Pauwke Berkers. "Grunting Alone? Online Gender Inequality in Extreme Metal Music" in ''IASPM Journal''. Vol.4, no.1 (2014) p. 101-102</ref>
[[Bam Bam (Seattle band)|Bam Bam]],<ref name="bam bam">{{Cite web |last=Stewart |first=Jade Yamazaki |date=July 8, 2021 |title=Before Nirvana or Pearl Jam, there was Tina Bell, the godmother of grunge. Musicians pay tribute in upcoming concert |url=https://www.seattletimes.com/entertainment/music/before-nirvana-or-pearl-jam-there-was-tina-bell-the-black-godmother-of-grunge-musicians-pay-tribute-in-upcoming-concert/ |website=The Seattle Times}}</ref> formed in Seattle in 1983, was fronted by an African American woman named [[Tina Bell]], breaking the norm of what was predominantly a White dominated scene.<ref name="AS">{{Cite web |last=Uitti |first=Jacob |date=September 8, 2021 |title=Did Tina Bell Help Invent Grunge? |url=https://americansongwriter.com/did-tina-bell-help-invent-grunge/ |website=American Songwriter}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://pleasekillme.com/bam-bam-tina-bell/|title=Tina Bell's Hidden Legacy: The Black Woman Who Created the Sound of Grunge|date=September 3, 2020}}</ref><ref name="cbs news">{{Cite web |date=September 7, 2021 |title=African American woman who led a grunge forerunner gets her moment of long-overdue recognition |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/video/african-american-woman-who-led-a-grunge-forerunner-gets-her-moment-of-long-overdue-recognition/ |website=CBS News}}</ref> Bam Bam also included future [[Soundgarden]] and [[Pearl Jam]] drummer [[Matt Cameron]].<ref name="bam bam"/> [[Kurt Cobain]] was a roadie for Bam Bam before he was famous;
Women also played active non-musician roles in the underground grunge scene, such as riot grrrls who produced [[zines]] about grunge bands and indie record labels (e.g., ''Grunge Gerl #1'') and writer Dawn Anderson of the Seattle fanzine ''Backlash'' which supported many local bands before they achieved greater fame.<ref name="Hype" /> Tina Casale was the co-founder of [[C/Z Records]] in the 1980s (along with Chris Hanzsek), a Seattle indie label that released the seminal grunge compilation ''[[Deep Six (album)|Deep Six]]'' in 1986.
| |||