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The diving environment is limited by accessibility and risk, but includes water and occasionally other liquids. Most underwater diving is done in the shallower coastal parts of the oceans, and inland bodies of fresh water, including lakes, dams, quarries, rivers, springs, flooded caves, reservoirs, tanks, swimming pools, and canals, but may also be done in large bore ducting and sewers, power station cooling systems, cargo and [[ballast tank]]s of ships, and liquid-filled industrial equipment. The environment may affect gear configuration: for instance, freshwater is less dense than saltwater, so less added weight is needed to achieve diver neutral buoyancy in freshwater dives.<ref name="Graver2010" /> Water temperature, [[underwater vision|visibility]] and movement also affect the diver and the dive plan.<ref name="Jablonski 2006" /> Diving in liquids other than water may present special problems due to density, viscosity and chemical compatibility of diving equipment, as well as possible environmental hazards to the diving team.<ref name="High risk" />
[[Benign water|Benign conditions]], sometimes also referred to as {{diving term|confined water}}, are environments of low risk, where it is extremely unlikely or impossible for the diver to get lost or entrapped, or be exposed to hazards other than the basic underwater environment. These conditions are suitable for initial training in the critical survival skills, and include swimming pools, training tanks, aquarium tanks and some shallow and protected shoreline areas.<ref name="CoP Benign" />
Open water is unrestricted water such as a sea, lake or [[Recreational dive sites#Quarry dive sites|flooded quarry]], where the diver has unobstructed direct vertical access to the surface of the water in contact with the atmosphere.<ref name="Aus Part 3" /> [[Open-water diving]] implies that if a problem arises, the diver can directly ascend vertically to the atmosphere to breathe air.<ref name="Divers dictionary" /> [[Wall diving]] is done along a near vertical face. [[Blue-water diving]] is done in good visibility in {{Diving term|mid-water}} where the bottom is out of sight of the diver and there may be no fixed visual reference.<ref name="Haddock and Heine" /> [[Black-water diving]] is mid-water diving at night, particularly on a moonless night.<ref name="Black-water" /><ref name="Indigo" />
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