Abiogenic petroleum origin: Difference between revisions

What unites both theories of oil origin is the low success rate in predicting the locations of giant oil/gas fields: according to the statistics discovering a giant demands drilling 500+ exploration wells. A team of American-Russian scientists (mathematicians, geologists, geophysicists, and computer scientists) developed an Artificial Intelligence software and the appropriate technology for geological applications, and used it for predicting places of giant oil/gas deposits.<ref>Guberman S., Izvekova M., Holin A., Hurgin Y., Solving geophysical problems by mean of pattern recognition algorithm, Doklady of the Acad. of Sciens. of USSR 154 (5), (1964).</ref><ref>Gelfand, I.M., et al. Pattern recognition applied to earthquake epicenters in California. Phys. Earth and Planet. Inter., 1976, 11: 227-283.</ref><ref>{{cite book|last = Guberman|first = Shelia |date=2008|title = Unorthodox Geology and Geophysics: Oil, Ores and Earthquakes |publisher= Polimetrica|location = Milano|isbn =9788876991356}}</ref><ref>Rantsman E, Glasko M (2004) Morphostructural knots–the sites of extreme natural events. Media-Press, Moscow.</ref> In 1986 the team published a prognostic map for discovering giant oil and gas fields at the Andes in South America<ref>S. Guberman, M. Zhidkov, Y. Pikovsky, E. Rantsman (1986). Some criteria of oil and gas potential of morphostructural nodes in the Andes, South America. Doklady of the USSR Academy of Sciences, Earth Science Sections, 291.</ref> based on abiogenic petroleum origin theory. The model proposed by Prof. Yury Pikovsky ([[Moscow State University]]) assumes that petroleum moves from the mantle to the surface through permeable channels created at the intersection of deep faults.<ref>Pikovsky Y. Natural and Technogenic Flows of Hydrocarbons in the Environment. Moscow University Publishing, 1993</ref> The technology uses 1) maps of morphostructural zoning, which outlines the morphostructural nodes (intersections of faults), and 2) pattern recognition program that identify nodes containing giant oil/gas fields. It was forecast that eleven nodes, which had not been developed at that time, contain giant oil or gas fields. These 11 sites covered only 8% of the total area of all the Andes basins. 30 years later (in 2018) was published the result of comparing the prognosis and the reality.<ref name="Guberman1"/> Since publication of the prognostic map in 1986 six giant oil/gas fields were discovered in the Andes region: [[Caño Limón oilfield]], Cusiana, Capiagua <ref>{{cite journal article = Discovery history of the giant Cusiana and Cupiagua oil fields| publisher = OSTI.GOV | OSTI ID:86617 |date= 01 June 1995}}</ref>, Colombia, and Volcanera (Llanos basin, Colombia), Camisea (Ukayali basin, Peru), and Incahuasi (Chaco basin, Bolivia). All discoveries were made in places shown on the 1986 prognostic map as promising areas.<ref> {{Citation needed|date=August 2022https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13202-018-0553-1}}</ref> During the 1960s, [[Donald Hings]] was issued numerous patents for developing practical methods for locating likely locations of the deep morphological nodes most likely to indicate the presence of abiogenic hydrocarbons. His methods and technologies are used to this day by geophysicists to locate deep hydrocarbon deposits.